SECTION 914 – JOINT MATERIALS
914.01 Preformed Joint Filler
Use preformed joint fillers conforming to AASHTO M 33 or AASHTO M 213. For concrete pavement applications, punch holes in preformed joint filler to admit the dowels. Provide the filler for each joint in a single piece for the full depth and width required for the joint. If the RE approves the use of more than 1 piece for a joint, fasten the abutting ends securely, and hold to shape by stapling or other means of means of positive fastening. Submit a certification of compliance, as specified in 106.07, for joint filler.
914.02 Joint Sealer
For sealing joints and cracks in HMA and concrete pavements, use a hot-poured joint sealer that is listed on the QPL and conforms to ASTM D 6690. Use the following types in the listed applications:
1.For sealing cracks in HMA, use Type II sealer.
2.For sealing cracks and joints in concrete pavement and HMA saw and seal applications, use Type IV sealer.
3.In structural applications, use Type II sealer. For concrete pavements, use cold-poured joint sealer that is listed on the QPL and conforms to ASTM D 5893, Type SL, except that ultimate elongation is required to be a minimum of 1,200 percent. In vertical applications, use cold-poured joint sealers that are listed on the QPL and conform to ASTM D 5893, Type NS, with a minimum ultimate elongation of 600 percent. If recommended by the manufacturer, apply primer before applying the sealer. Use backer rod in conjunction with cold-poured joint sealer that conforms to ASTM D 5249, Type 1. Use backer rod with a width that is at least 25 percent greater than the width of the pavement joint or crack. Ensure that the backer rod is clean and dry at the time of installation. Submit a certification of compliance, as specified in 106.07, for joint sealers and backer rods. Attach test results to the certification. The ME will randomly sample joint sealers at the source of manufacture or at the work site.
914.03 Polymerized Joint Adhesive
For longitudinal cold joints in HMA paving, use polymerized joint adhesive that is a hot-applied asphaltic joint adhesive listed on the QPL and conforms to the requirements in Table 914.03-1: Table 914.03-1 Requirements for Polymerized Joint Adhesive Property Test Method Requirement Cone Penetration, 25 °C ASTM D 5329 60 – 100 Flow, 60 °C ASTM D 5329 5 mm maximum Resilience, 25 °C ASTM D 5329 30% minimum Ductility, 4 °C ASTM D 113 30 cm minimum Tensile Adhesion, 25 °C1 ASTM D 5329 500% minimum Softening Point ASTM D 36 77 °C minimum Asphalt Compatibility ASTM D 5329 Pass
1.A precision estimate for this standard has not been developed, so it should not be used for acceptance or rejection of a material during product approval. Ensure that the polymerized joint adhesive has a viscosity at the recommended pour temperature to allow for proper application of the material. Obtain documentation of recommended pour temperature and safe heating temperature for the material from the manufacturer. Submit a certification of compliance, as specified in 106.07, for polymerized joint adhesive. Attach test results to the certification. The ME will randomly sample joint adhesive at the source of manufacture or at the work site.
914.04 Joint Assemblies
914.04.01 Preformed Elastomeric (Compression Type)
A.Metal Components. Fabricate the structural steel components of the joint assembly as specified in 906.04 and as shown on the Plans and the approved working drawings. Ensure that the fabricator is AISC certified. The ME will inspect joint assemblies either at the fabrication shop or at the work site. Insert the elastomeric joint sealer according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
B.Joint Sealer. Use preformed elastomeric joint sealers that are manufactured from vulcanized elastomeric compound using polychloroprene (neoprene) as the base polymer. Manufacture the joint sealer to conform to ASTM D 3542, with a minimum range of motion of at least 30 percent of the nominal size of the sealer. Ensure that the width to height ratio of the joint sealer is at least 90 percent. In new construction, do not field splice sealers. For reconstruction projects, the RE may allow field splices. If field splicing is allowed, splice using vulcanization or shop splicing methods. If shop splicing of sealer is unavoidable, splice using either factory vulcanization or cold-cured factory bonding using a high-strength, rapid-bonding adhesive. If splicing of a sealer is allowed, ensure that the sealer at the splice point has no significant misalignment at its sides or top and that misalignment at the bottom does not exceed half of the bottom wall thickness. Ensure that the manufacturer’s name or trademark and lot number are marked on the joint sealer to identify each shipment. Submit certifications of compliance, as specified in 106.07, for joint sealers. Attach a copy of the test results with the certification. Submit a sample of each size joint sealer to be used on the Project to the ME for quality assurance testing. Ensure that the sample is at least the minimum length specified in Table 914.04.01-1. Table 914.04.01-1 Minimum Lengths of Samples for Testing Sealer Size Width (w) in inches Minimum Length (inches) w < 2 84 2 ≤ w < 3 66 3 ≤ w < 4 50 w ≥ 4 42
914.04.02 Strip Seal Expansion (Glandular Type)
A.Metal Components. Use 2 parallel steel rail sections conforming to AASHTO M 270, Grade 36 or Grade 50. Use steel plates and concrete anchors consisting of studs, steel plates, or reinforcement steel welded to the steel rail sections. Ensure that the steel for plates, shapes, and other structural steel used in the deck joint system conforms to AASHTO M 270, Grade 36 or Grade 50. For steel anchors, use deformed bars conforming to ASTM A 615, Grade 60. Weld structural steel as specified in 906.04.02 and as shown on the Plans and the approved working drawings. After fabrication, hot-dip galvanize the entire joint system according to ASTM A 123.
B.Neoprene Strip Seal Gland. For the strip seal gland, use an extruded synthetic rubber consisting of polychloroprene (neoprene) as the base polymer. Manufacture the strip seal gland to have locking lugs that mechanically interlock in the cavities of the 2 steel rail sections. Ensure that the material conforms to the requirement in Table 914.04.02-1. Table 914.04.02-1 Tests for Neoprene Strip Seal Gland Property Test Method Requirement Tensile strength, minimum psi ASTM D 412 2000 Elongation at break, minimum % ASTM D 412 250 Hardness, Type A durometer ASTM D 2240 60 ± 5 Oven aging, 70 hours at 212 °F Tensile strength loss, maximum % ASTM D 573 Elongation loss, maximum % 20 Hardness, Type A durometer, points change 0 to +10 Ozone resistance 20% strain, 300 ppm in air, ASTM D 1149 No Cracks 70 hours at 104 °F Oil swell, ASTM oil No. 3 70 hours at 212 °F ASTM D 471 +45 Weight change, maximum %
C.Adhesive. For installing and bonding the neoprene strip seal gland in the cavity of the parallel steel rail sections, use an adhesive that is a one -part, moisture-curing polyurethane and hydrocarbon solvent and conforms to physical properties specified in Table 914.04.02-2. Table 914.04.02-2 Requirements for Strip Seal Adhesive Property Requirement Average weight per gallon 8 ± 1 pounds Solids content by weight 65 percent (minimum) Temperature range at which material is in fluid from 5 to 120 °F Film strength (ASTM D 412) 2,000 pounds per square inch (minimum) Elongation 250 percent (minimum)
D.Certification. Submit a certification of compliance, as specified in 106.07, for the strip seal joint assembly. With the certification, submit test results for the neoprene strip seal gland and mill certificat ions for the structural steel components.
914.04.03 Modular Expansion Joint Assemblies
A.Manufacturer. Manufacturer is to be AISC certified for “Bridge and Highway Components (CPT)”, have a minimum of 3 years experience in Modular Bridge Joint System (M BJS) fabrication, and has completed fatigue testing of the designed structural elements and connections or splice details per AASHTO LRFD Construction Specifications.
B.Materials. Use materials that conform to the following requirements:
1.Use structural steel conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M 270M / M 270 (ASTM A 709 / A 709M), Grade 50, or Grade 50W with Zone 2 CVN requirements for centerbeams, supporting beams, and yokes. Use structural steel AASHTO M 270 M / M (ASTM A 709 / A 709M) Grade 36, Grade 50, or Grade 50W for other steel components. Do not use aluminum components.
2.Use stainless steel conforming to ASTM A 240 / A 240M, Type 304.
3.Use PTFE that is 100 percent virgin material, woven PTFE fabric, or dimpled PTFE conforming to the material requirements in Section 14 of the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, and Section 19 of AASHTO LRFD Bridge Construction Specifications.
4.Use neoprene strip seals conforming to the requirements in Table 914.06-1 and that have a maximum movement range of 3.15 inches per seal. Provide water tightness of strip seals at connection to steel beams and field splice(s). Do not use box seals or seals utilizing double webs. Table 914.06-1 Tests for Neoprene Strip Seals Property Test Method Requirement Tensile strength, minimum psi ASTM D 412 2000 Elongation at break, minimum % ASTM D 412 250 Hardness, Type A durometer ASTM D 2240 55 to 70 Compression Set at 72 hr at 212 °F, maximum % ASTM D 395 40
5.Use bolts and other hardware conforming to the requirements of AASHTO M 164 (ASTM F 3125 / F 3125M Grade A325) and galvanized according to AASHTO M 232 (ASTM A 153 / A 153M) or ASTM B 695.
6.Fabricate slide bearings and precompressed springs as steel reinforced elastomeric pads with a PTFE sliding surface. Do not manufacture components from polyurethane compounds. Perform prequalification tests, Open Movement and Vibration (OMV) testing and Seal Push -Out (SPO) testing, according to AASHTO LRFD Construction Specifications Section 19/A19 and provide testing report. Certify that the tested modular expansion joint assembly has passed the prequalification tests required in AASHTO LRFD Construction Specifications. Provide certification that materials of bearings, springs, and equidistant devices used in the project product are identical to those used in the prequalification tests in material composition and formulation, and conform to the same manufacturing process, fabrication procedure, and configuration as those used in the prequalification tests. In addition, certify that these materials and fabrication procedures are as per working drawing plans and specifications provided by the manufacturer at the time of approval.
Referenced in this section
Joint Materials in other states
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Source: Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2019 (rev. 2022-12-21) Edition. Pages 526–529 of 651. View official source ↗