607Fence

607.1 Description

This Work consists of cons tructing fence and gates.

607.2 Materials

607.2.1 Certification

The Contractor shall submit independent testing Laboratory cert ification to the Project Manager that indicates the fencing Materials meet these Specifi cations. The Department may inspect the manufacturing methods at manufacturing plants and m ay obtain Material samples for testing and may base Acceptance on the quality of manufactu ring lots.

607.2.2 Barbed Wire and Woven Wire Fence

607.2.2 1 Wire

The Contractor shall provide wire and wire components with at l east a Class 1 zinc coating in accordance with ASTM A 121 or ASTM A 116, unless oth erwise specified in the Contract. Instead of Class 1 coating, the Contractor may coat the wire with aluminum alloy covering at least 0.3 oz per square foot of wire surface.

607.2.2 1.1 Barbed Wire

The Contractor shall provide barbed wire and barbs in accordanc e with ASTM A 121. The Contractor shall provide composite barbed wire strands that consist of two (2) coated wires with diameters of 0.099 inch. The Contractor shall provi de round barbs that have a coated diameter of 0.08 inch, with either two (2)-point barbs s paced four (4) inches apart or four (4)-point barbs spaced five (5) inches apart. The Contrac tor shall provide stays for barbed wire fences in accordance with ASTM A 116, with a coated diameter of at least 0.142 inch and with lengths and spacing in accordance with the Contra ct.

607.2.2 1.2 Woven Wire

The Contractor shall provide woven wire in accordance with ASTM A 116, Design Number 832-6-11, unless otherwise specified in the Contract. 607.2.2.1.3 Post Fasteners The Contractor shall provide coated staples with a diameter of at least 0.148 inch and a length of at least 1 1/2 inch; u se for fastening fence wire to wood posts.

607.2.2 1.4 Brace Wire

The Contractor shall provide coated brace wire with a diameter of at least 0.148 inch; use for constructing braces and inte rmediate braces with wood posts .

607.2.2 1.5 Tie Wire

The Contractor shall provide coated tie wire for fastening barb ed or woven wire to steel posts with a diameter of at least 0.099 inch. The Contractor m ay use wire fasteners or metal clamps with thicknesses of 0.12 inch or greater instead of tie wires, if approved by the Project Manager.

607.2.2 2 Posts

The Contractor shall provide metal or wood corner, brace, inter mediate brace gate, and line posts of the specified type, size, and length in accordanc e with the Contract. The Contractor shall permanently cap all vertical metal pipes on fe nce and gate supports. The Contractor shall ensure that the top coating and color of the p ipe is maintained.

607.2.2 2.1 Metal Posts

The Contractor shall provide metal posts and braces of rail, bi llet, or commercial-grade steel in accordance with ASTM A 702 or ASTM F 1083 for galvaniz ed, standard weight pipe. The Contractor shall provide C- section posts in accordance with ASTM A 1011. The Contractor shall galvanize steel posts in accordance with A ASHTO M 181 for Grade 1 steel and provide a top coating specified for Grade 2 steel, or an equivalent or better coating, from the Department’s Approved Products List. The Contractor shall coat edges and damaged areas of posts in accordance with ASTM A 780. The Cont ractor shall use posts of the same coating and color. The Contractor shall provide posts that weigh no less than 95% of the specified weight; and are of the specified length + two (2) inch, - one (1) inch. The Contractor shall provide line posts with a minimum weight o f 1.33 lb per foot, not including anchor plates. The Contractor may provide I-beam, T- beam, U-beam, Y-bar, or C- section line posts. The Contract or shall provide line posts wi th corrugations, lugs, ribs, or notches spaced one (1) inch on centers to attach fence wire. T he Department will not Accept posts with punched tabs used for crimping around the wire. The Contractor shall provide anchor plates with an area of at l east 18 inch2 and that weigh at least 0.67 lb. The Contractor shall clamp, weld, or r ivet anchor plates to the post section to prevent displacement when driving the posts.

607.2.2 2.2 Wood Posts

The Contractor shall provide wood posts cut from live southern yellow pine, lodge pole pine, or ponderosa pine trees. The Contractor shall provide st raight posts that are free of decay and other defects, bark-free, trimmed smooth of knots and projections, and with both ends sawed off perpendicular to the centerline. The Contractor shall provide an average nominal diameter at the top of each post of at least six (6) inches. The Contractor shall ensure the circumfe rence of corner, brace, intermediate brace, and gate post s is at least 19 inches, measu red six (6) inches below the top of the post. The Contractor may provide line posts with a slight crook in on e (1) direction, but the post may not vary more than 1 1/2 inch from a straight line connecti ng both ends of the post. The Contractor shall ensure the average nominal diameter of the top of each line post is at least three (3) inches. The Contractor shall ensure the circumferenc e of line posts is at least nine

607.2.2 2.2.1 Preservative Treatment of Wood Posts

The Contractor shall provide wood posts pressure treated with p entachlorophenol in accordance with Section 550.2.2, “Preservatives and Treatment M ethods,” treated according to AASHTO M-133, all in accordance with AWPA Standard U1 and Co mmodity Standard B: Posts and AWPA Standards P8 and P9.

607.2.2 3 Gates

The Contractor shall provide two (2)-inch 16-gauge tubular gat es meeting the requirements of ASTM A513 with a wall thickness of .065 inches and a tolerance of plus (+0.003) or minus (-0.011) unless otherwise specified in the Co ntract. Gates shall be coated in accordance with Section 607.2.2.2.1, “Metal Posts,” or coat in accordance with Section 545, “Pr otective Coating for Miscellane ous Structural Steel.” The Contractor shall use “Interstate Green” as the finished color c oating, except for galvanized gates and unless otherwise shown in the Contract.

607.2.2 4 Fittings

The Contractor shall provide fittings, hardware, and appurtenan ces for fences and gates that are of commercial-quality steel, malleable iron, or wrough t iron, and galvanized in accordance with ASTM A 153.

607.2.3 Chain Link Fence

607.2.3 1 Posts

The Contractor shall provide posts that are tubular steel, H-co lumn, or C-section (for line posts). The Contractor shall provide either Grade 1 or Grade 2 steel posts in accordance with AASHTO M 181. The Contractor shall provide Grade 1 tubular pos ts, braces, and top rails in accordance with ASTM F 1083 for galvanized, standard weight pip e. The Contractor shall provide Grade 2 steel posts in accordance with ASTM A 1011 or A STM A 653. The Contractor shall provide C- section line posts in accordance with ASTM A 1011. The Contractor shall provide H-column posts in accordance with ASTM A 36. The Contractor shall provide pipe with minimum wall thickness a s specified in the Contract. The Contractor shall ensure that the product of the yield strength and section modulus of the pipe is in accordance with ASTM F 1083. The Contractor shall provide pos ts that securely hold tension w ires in position without vertical movement.

607.2.3 2 Fittings

The Contractor shall provide fi ttings in accordance with Sectio n 607.2.2.4, “Fittings.” The Contractor shall provide stainless steel straps and seals i n accordance with ASTM A 176. The Contractor shall provide coated tension wires that are galv anized coil spring steel wire of commercial quality with a diameter of 0.148 inch. The Contractor shall provide galvanized ferrules for tension take-up in accordance with ASTM A 1011. The Contractor shall provide pull cable and tension truss rods with diameters of at least Section 607: Fence Page 654 3/8 inch, with drop forged turnbuckles or other approved tensio n devices. The Contractor shall provide pull cable and tension wires with a minimum zinc coating of 0.8 oz per square foot of uncoated individual wire surface, tes ted in accordance with ASTM A 90. The Project Manager will determine the uniformity of the coatin g by visual inspection. The Project Manager may reject coating with excessive roughness , blisters, discoloration spots, bruises, and flaking. T he Department may make other ins pections and tests at the manufacture’s plant, before shipment.

607.2.3 3 Tie Wires and Fasteners

The Contractor shall provide galvanized, coated tie wires for f astening chain link fabric to posts and rails with a diameter of at least 0.148 inch. The Co ntractor may provide galvanized steel or non-corrosive metal bands or fasteners instead of tie wires, as recommended by the manufacturer.

607.2.3 4 Compression Braces

The Contractor shall provide compression braces that meet the s ame requirements as top rails in accordance with Section 607.2.3.1, “Posts.”

607.2.3 5 Chain Link Fabric

The Contractor shall provide c hain link fabric in accordance wi th AASHTO M 181, with a Class C coating or better. The Contractor shall provide chain link fabric full height. The Contractor shall provide galvani zed, coated wire with a diamete r of 0.148 inch. The Contractor shall provide two (2) inch mesh fabric. The Contrac tor shall measure the mesh size as the distance between the wires forming parallel sides o f the mesh.

607.2.3 6 Gates

The Contractor shall provide doubl e drive, single drive, or sin gle walk gates. The Contractor shall provide galvanized steel pipe gate frames in a ccordance with ASTM F 1083 and ASTM A 123.

607.2.3 7 Vinyl-Coated Chain Link Fence

The Contractor shall provide vi nyl-coated chain link fences in accordance with Section

607.2 3, “Chain Link Fence,” exce pt as modified in this subsect ion.

If providing PVC coated chain link fabric, the Contractor shall u s e v i n y l - c o a t e d f a b r i c , posts, and hardware in accordance with AASHTO M 181 for Class A PVC coating. The Contractor shall continuously bond the vinyl coating (do not sp ray or dip) over the galvanized steel wire by the extrusion bonding process under pressure. The Contractor shall ensure the vinyl coating resists damage fr om prolonged exposure to dilute solutions of common miner al acids, sea water, and dilute solutions of salts and alkali. The Contractor shall galvanize using the electrolytic process b efore coating with PVC. The Contractor shall provide wire that was vinyl-coated before weaving and is free and flexible at the joints.

607.2.4 1 Cable

The Contractor shall provide wire cable in accordance with AASH TO M 30. The Contractor shall provide cable of Type I, Class A, 0.75 in diam eter rope, unless otherwise specified in the Contract.

607.2.4 2 Hardware and Fittings

The Contractor shall provide gal vanized or cadmium plated parts , hardware, and fittings. The Contractor shall galvanize in accordance with AASHTO M 232. The Contractor shall provide cadmium plating in accordance with ASTM B 766, for Clas s 12, Type III. The Contractor shall provide bolts in accordance with ASTM A 307 an d nuts in accordance with ASTM A 563. The Contractor shall provide ex ternally threaded fittings such as end tie rods, anchor rods, and splicing rods that trans mit direct tensile stress, ha ving a minimum tensile strength of 75,000 psi. The Contractor shall provide internally threaded fittings such as turnbuckles, cable sockets, and nuts capable of withstanding a proof load that is 85% of the proof load requirements for nuts, as specified in accordance with ASTM A 5 63, Table 3. The Contractor shall provide cable splices and connections that withstand a proof load equal to the tensile strength required of the attached wire rop e cable. The Contractor shall provide steel rectangular plate washers an d cable clamps with a minimum tensile strength of 60,000 psi. The Contractor shall p rovide plain washers of ferrous metal in accordance with ANSI B 18.22.1, Type A.

607.2.4 3 Wood Posts

The Contractor shall provide wood posts from one (1) of the fol lowing species: 1. Northern White Cedar; 2. White Pine; 3. Jack Pine; 4. Red (Norway) Pine; 5. Southern Yellow Pine; or 6. Ponderosa Pine. The Contractor shall provide posts from live trees that are sta cked and properly seasoned. The Contractor shall peel the entire length of each post, closely trim knots, saw both ends square, and shave the entire length of the post to th e white. The Contractor shall provide posts with a top diameter after sh aving of four (4) inches; - 1/2 inch, +1 1/4 inch. The Contractor shall ensure posts are free of sap rot, woodpeck er holes, plugged holes, ant-eaten areas, and hollow knots extending to center of the po st. The Contractor shall not allow butt rot to exceed five percent (5%) of the butt area. T he Contractor shall provide posts with sound tops, however, the Department will allow one (1) pip e rot not exceeding a diameter of 3/8 inch on a cedar post. The Contractor shall provide post s that do not have excessive Section 607: Fence Page 656 checking. The Contractor shall ensure that the posts do not ha ve short kinks or more than one (1) one-way sweep exceeding two (2) inches, however, the po st may have a winding twist. The Department will not allow posts exhibiting both the maximum crook and maximum butt rot, and will not allow more than ten percent (10%) of the posts specified in the Contract to contain the maximum crook or butt rot. The Department may reject posts with other defects that give th e post an unsightly appearance or impair its durability or strength. The Contracto r shall complete debarking, trimming, and sizing operations before treatment.

607.2.4 4 Preservative Treatment of Posts for Post and Cable Ba rrier

The Contractor shall provide pressure treated wood posts with p entachlorophenol in accordance with Section 550.2.2, “Preservatives and Treatment M ethods,” treated according to AASHTO M-133, in all accordance with AWPA Standard U1 and Co mmodity Standard B: Posts and AWPA Standards P8 and P9.

607.2.5 Snow Fence

The Contractor shall provide snow fence of 1/2 inch × 1 1/2 inc h wooden pickets spaced 3 1/2 inch on center and woven between five (5) cables. Each c able will consist of at least two

607.2.6 Concrete

The Contractor shall provide Class A concrete bearing blocks an d anchors in accordance with Section 510, “Portland Cement Concrete.” The Contractor m ay provide a prepackaged, pre-blended cementitious Material to which the Contractor only adds water at the site.

607.3 Construction Requirements

607.3.1 General

The Contractor shall clear the fence lines of trees, bush, stum ps, logs, weeds, existing fences, and other obstructions tha t may interfere with fence co nstruction, unless the Project Manager requires certain trees to remain in place. The Contrac tor shall dispose of removed Material in accordance with Sec tion 601, “Removal of Structures and Obstructions.” If the Contractor is to embed posts, braces, or anchors in conc rete, the Contractor shall install temporary guys or bracing to hold the posts in position until the concrete sets. Unless otherwise specified, the Contractor shall not install Materials on posts and do not strain posts, braces, or anchors set in concre te until seven (7) Days after c oncrete placement, or until the concrete has reached a compressive strength of 2,500 psi, which e v e r o c c u r s f i r s t . T h e Contractor shall crown the concrete at the top of the foundatio n to shed water. The Contractor shall only cut the tops of posts as approved by the Project Manager. The Section 607: Fence Page 657 Contractor shall apply protective coating to cut posts in accor dance with Section 607.3.8, “Repair of Damaged Coating on Pu ll Cables and Tension Wires.” The Contractor shall firmly attach wire and fencing to the post s and braces. The Contractor shall tightly stretch wire and install it at the req uired elevations. The Contractor shall place fence wire on the field side of the posts, except o n the inside of curves. At each location where an electr ic transmission, distribution, or secondary line crosses new fence, the Contractor shall provide and install a ground co nnection in accordance with the NEC®. The Contractor shall build new fences adjacent to existing fenc e before removing existing fences. When removing and rebuilding fences, the Contractor sh all maintain the security of livestock and protect adjacent pr operties and the traveling pub l i c . T h e C o n t r a c t o r s h a l l remove the existing fence or unused Materials and neatly roll i t up in single strand rolls. The Contractor shall remove the fence posts without damaging them a nd place the posts with the rolls of wire within the Right of Way for property owners to sa lvage, unless otherwise directed by the Project Manager. If the property owners do not pick the fence up within the allotted time, the Contractor shall dispos e of the fence as directed by the Project Manager.

607.3.2 Barbed Wire and Woven Wire Fence

The Contractor shall set posts plumb and in accordance with the Plans. The Contractor may drive metal line posts. The Contractor shall excavate for footings and anchors in accordance with the Plans or as directed by the Project Manager . The Contractor shall place post hole backfill in thin layers and compact each layer. The Contractor shall attach Right of Way fences to Roadway Stru ctures, in accordance with the Plans.

607.3.2 1 Fence Tensioning

The Contractor shall stretch fence wire with a mechanical stret cher or other similar device. The Contractor shall not allow the length between pull posts to exceed 990 ft for barbed wire, and 660 ft for woven wire.

607.3.2 2 Braces and Corner Posts

The Contractor shall place intermediate braces at intervals of 990 ft or less and at every fence grade-change, such as edges of arroyos, bottoms and tops of hills, and as directed by the Project Manager. The Contractor shall maintain the require d distance between the bottom wire and the ground. The Contractor shall space intermediate b races evenly between corner and gateposts or cattle guards. The Contractor shall place a c orner post and brace at the intersection of cross fences and the Right of Way fence. The C ontractor shall stretch the wires and firmly attach them to the corner posts.

607.3.3 Chain Link Fence

The Contractor shall install brac es, tension rods, cables, hard ware, and appurtenances in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations and the Cont ract. The Contractor shall not attach chain link fabric to posts unti l the concrete footings have reached a compressive strength of 2,500 psi, or until three (3) Days after concrete placement, whichever occurs first. Section 607: Fence Page 658 After permanently positioning posts, setting anchorages firmly, and drawing tension wires and pull cables tight with turnbu ckles or other approved tensio n devices, the Contractor shall secure the tension wires to the posts with tension bands and ti e wires. The Contractor shall secure the chain link fabric at one end and stretch away from t he secured end. The Contractor shall stretch the fabric with a mechanical stretcher or other device approved by the Project Manager.

607.3.3 1 Chain Link Fence Post Placement

The Contractor shall set posts plumb in concrete footings. The Contractor shall space chain link fence posts at intervals of ten (10) feet or less. The Contractor shall measure the intervals from center to center of posts. Pull posts are line posts braced to adjacent line posts. The Contractor shall position pull posts at intervals of 500 ft or less. The Contractor shall provide end posts with an outside diameter of at least 2.875 in ch. The Contractor shall brace end posts in the same way as corner posts.

607.3.3 2 Chain Link Security Fence

The Contractor shall use chain link security fence in accordanc e with Section 607.3.3, “Chain Link Fence.” The Contract or shall supply security appur tenances on gates for access.

607.3.4 Post and Cable Access Fence

607.3.4 1 Post Placement

The Department will allow a depth of post embedment that is gre ater than specified in the Contract if the finished top of the post meets the required ele vation. The Contractor shall compact the bottom of the holes to provide a stable foundation. The Contractor shall set the posts plumb with the front faces in a neat uniform line and wit h full contact on the foundation surface. The Contractor shall backfill holes with granular Mat erial and compact in layers so the posts maintain the spec ified position and alignment. Instead of setting posts in previously dug holes and backfillin g, the Contractor may drive the posts, except if the Contract specifies bearing blocks. Th e Contractor shall only drive if there is adequate lateral stability and as long as the Shoulder s and adjacent slopes are not damaged from the driving operations. The Contractor shall remove posts that do not meet the requirem ents or are damaged below cutoff during driving, and replace with sound posts. If upward vertical adjustment of posts is necessary, the Contractor shall remove and reinstall t hem. The Contractor may cut off the tops of posts to the elevation s pecified in the Contract. The Contractor shall round the tops of round posts to an approx imate domed hemispherical shape centered on the axis of the post. After cutting off trea ted posts, the Contractor shall apply two (2) coats of pentachlorophenol preservative to the cu t surfaces.

607.3.4 2 Setting of Anchors, Cable, and Fittings for Post and Cable Access Fence

If a bolt projects more than one (1) inch from the nut, the Con tractor shall cut off 1/2 inch and burr. The Contractor shall paint the ends of cut-off bolts with aluminum paint. The Contractor shall bore holes for cable supports after the posts are set. The Contractor shall place end and intermediate anchorages and bearing blocks in acc ordance with the Contract. The Contractor shall excavate trenches for anchor blocks to the ir neat lines. The Contractor shall perform excavation for anchor rod installation without excessively disturbing Section 607: Fence Page 659 the earth between the block and the anchored posts. The Contra ctor shall excavate holes for bearing blocks to their neat lines, then place and level the bl ock with anchor rods in place on undisturbed soil. The Contractor shall place backfill Material and compact in layers. The Contractor shall not apply final tension to the anchor assembly until after completing the backfilling. After completing the anchor assemblies, the Contractor shall pr operly adjust and securely fasten the cables, draw the cables tight, then loosen them to m eet Contract requirements for the applicable temperature range. The Contractor shall use three (3) inch wide reflective sheetin g in accordance with Section 701.2.2.1, “Retroreflective Sheeting,” Silver White No. 2. The Contractor shall mount the sheeting on flexi ble aluminum alloy. T he Contractor shall fix the sheeting to each end post and at maximum intervals of 100 ft on intermediate posts, with a minimum of three (3) strips per installation. The Contractor shall completely wrap the ref lective strips around each post before installing the post plate washers.

607.3.5 Snow Fence

The Contractor shall construct snow fence in accordance with th e manufacturer’s recommendations and the Contract.

607.3.6 Pedestrian/Bicycle Railing

The Contractor shall construct pedestrian and bicycle railing i n accordance with the Contract or as directed by the Project Manager.

607.3.7 Removing and Rebuilding Fence

The Contractor shall remove and rebuild existing fences in acco rdance with the Contract or as directed by the Project Manager. The Contractor shall co nstruct new fences in the same or better condition than the original fence. The Contractor shall salvage Materials from removed fences and incorporate into the rebuilt fences. If the Project Manager determines that some Ma terials are not reusable, the Contractor shall replace those Materials as necessary and in ac cordance with Section 109.5, “Payment for Changes, Differing Site Conditions, and Extra Work .” The Contractor shall firmly reset posts to the staked alignment . The Contractor shall use the same spacing of the posts and the same number of wires stru ng and stapled to the posts as the original fence. The Cont ractor shall use new staples to fasten the wires to the posts.

607.3.8 Repair of Damaged Coating on Pull Cables and Tension Wi res

The Contractor may repair pull cables and tension wires that ex hibit minor damage to the zinc coating by wire-brushing the damaged area and removing loo se, cracked, or weld-burned zinc coating. The Contractor shall paint the cleaned area with two (2) coats of zinc oxide-zinc dust paint in accordance with Federal Specification TT-P-641 or Military Specification MIL-P- 21035 or with an equivalent coating approved by the Project Man ager. The Contractor shall make repairs and provide repair Ma terials at no additional cost to the Department.

607.3.9 Gates

The Contractor shall fabricate and construct gates, and stile a nd post wire traps in accordance with the Contract.

607.3.9 1 Remove and Reset Gate

The Contractor shall remove and reset existing gates in accorda nce with the Contract or as directed by the Project Manager.

607.4 Method of Measurement

The Department will measure fences and watergap gates along the top from outside to outside of end posts for each c ontinuous run of fence or waterg ap gate.

607.5 Basis of Payment

Pay Item Pay Unit Barbed Wire Fence ___ft Linear Foot Game Fence ___ft Linear Foot Woven Wire Fence ___ft Linear Foot Chain Link Fence ___ft Linear Foot Chain Link Security Fence ___ft Linear Foot Vinyl-Coated Chain Link Fence ___ft Linear Foot Snow Fence ___ft Linear Foot Pedestrian/Bicycle Railing ___ft Linear Foot Pedestrian Screening Fence Type ____ft Linear Foot Post and Cable Access Fence ___ft Linear Foot Remove and Rebuild (type) Fence Linear Foot Standard Gate ___ft Each Barbed Wire Gate, ___ft Each Chain Link Gate, ___ft Span Each Chain Link Gate, ___ft Span by ___ft Rise Each Pipe Gate ___ft Each Water Gap Gate Linear Foot Turnstile Gate ___ft Each Remove and Reset Gate Each Stile and Post Wire Trap Each Braces/Corner Posts Each

607.5.1 Work Included in Payment

The following Work and items will be considered as included in the payment for the main item(s) and will not be measured or paid for separately: 1. Clearing and grubbing, 2. Grading, 3. Excavation, 4. Backfill, 5. Disposal of surplus Material, 6. Concrete, fasteners, 8. Coating repairs; and 9. All additional bracing r equired for grade changes. Section 608: Sidewalks, Drive Pads, and Conc rete Median Pavement Page 662