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NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Sections 200 - 599 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS (USC) January 1, 202 4 Volume 2 SECTION 415 - PAVER PLACED SURFACE TREATMENT
415-1 DESCRIPTION. The work in this section shall include work required for paver -placed surface
treatment.
415-2 MATERIALS. Materials shall be as specified in the special specifications.
415-3 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS. The extent of work and construction requirements will be
covered by special specifications in the contract documents.
415-4 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT. As specified in the special specifications.
415-5 BASIS OF PAYMENT. As specified in the special specifications.
SECTION 416 - COLD RECYCLING
416-1 DESCRIPTION. The work in this section shall include work required for cold recycling.
416-2 MATERIALS. Materials shall be as specified in the special specifications.
416-3 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS. The extent of work and construction requirements will be
covered by special specifications in the contract documents.
416-4 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT. As specified in the special specifications.
416-5 BASIS OF PAYMENT. As specified in the special specifications.
SECTION 417 – ASPHALT PAVEMENT USING RECYCLING TREATMENTS
417-1 DESCRIPTION. This specification includes two processes for in -place recycling asphalt
pavements: heater scarification (HS) and hot -in-place recycling (HIPR). The asphalt pavement surface is heated using specialized equipment to soften the asphalt. In the HS process, the softened asphalt pavement surface is scarified to a specified depth as detailed in the contract documents. The scarified asphalt pavement is then mixed with a recycling agent that rejuvenates the asphalt. This mix is then placed and compacted back onto the roadway. The scarified l ayer must be overlaid. In the case of the HIPR, the multi -step recycling process of the existing pavement includes heating, milling, and adding a recycling agent to rejuvenate the asphalt; then mixing, placing, and compacting the mixture. The resulting recycled pavement does not require an overlay. If the contract documents require the addition of virgin asphalt 19.0 mix during the HIPR process, then the resulting pavement will require an overlay.
417-2 Materials
417-2.01 Recycling Agent. Use a recycling agent specifically designed as a rejuvenator meeting the
requirements outlined in Section 702 – Bituminous Materials , 8. Asphalt Recycling Agent, Table 702 -9 Recycling Agent or Table 702 -10 Emulsified Recycling Agent . At the start of and during production, provide certified test results and documented quantities to the Engineer for each shipment of recycling agent. The use of any other grade of recycling agent or other product requires prior approval from the Direct or, Materials Bureau. A minimum 2 -week notice is needed for this approval.
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NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Sections 200 - 599 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS (USC) January 1, 202 4 Volume 2 417-2.02 Mixture Design. Determine the application rate of the recycling agent for heater scarification and hot in -place recycling by taking and analyzing a minimum of three cores per lane mile or a maximum of 20 cores per project from the existing asphalt pavement. Take these cores from locations that represent the entire project condition. Make sure that the designed application rate of the recycling agent provides the average penetration value of the recovered asphalt binder from the loose mix samples, taken during both the HS and HIPR process, to have an increase of at least 30% or more th an the average penetration value of the recovered asphalt binder from the existing pavement cores. Do not exceed the final penetration value of 90. Perform all the sample tests for the penetration values in accordance with AASHTO T 49, Penetration of Bitum inous Materials .
417-2.03 Virgin Asphalt. When specified in the contract documents, add virgin 19.0 asphalt binder mix
to the Hot -In-Place Recycling mixture. Provide virgin asphalt mixture meeting the requirements outlined in Section 40 4 – Asphalt Pavements . The contract proposal will include the performance -graded (PG) binder, mix type, mix design level, and rate of virgin asphalt mix . Do not use RAP in the virgin asphalt mix.
417-3 CONSTRUCTION DETAILS. §401 -3 and §40 4-3, Construction Details, apply, except as
modified below:
417-3.01 General
A.Pavement Markings. Remove all epoxy or thermoplastic pavement markings, and other markings when ordered by the Engineer.
B.Cleaning. Clean the existing pavement and shoulder to be heater scarified or hot in -place recycled by using mechanical sweepers, or other effective means until the surface is free of all debris material, which might interfere with the scarification or milling process.
C.Calibration for Spray Unit and Recycling Injection System. Calibrate the metering system in accordance with NYSDOT’s Materials Procedure (MP) 417 -01 - Calibration of Metering System for Recycling Equipment. Other calibration methods may be used with the approval of the Engineer. A minimum 2 -week notice is required when scheduling this calibration. Perform the calibration of the metering system in the presence of the Regional Materials Engineer or designee. W ork shall not progress until the calibration ha s been completed and verified. Each project requires an approved calibration. Approved calibrations are valid for 90 days and may be used for more than one project. If the calibration date exceeds 90 days, then recalibrate the metering system.
417-3.02 Heater Scarification (HS).
A.Heater Scarification Train. The heater scarification train consists of at least two heating units and a heater scarification unit consisting of a scarifier, a sprayer, a milling/remixer drum, and a screed.
1.Preheating or Heating Unit. This unit must generate sufficient radiant heat with no open flame to soften the asphalt pavement to the depth required. The burner assembly must be adjustable to heat between 8 and 14 feet in width. The entire heating unit must be enclosed and vented to contain the heat and prevent damage to adjacent properties and landscape. Additional heating units may be required if the temperature behind the screed does not meet specification requirements.
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NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Sections 200 - 599 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS (USC) January 1, 202 4 Volume 2 2. Heater Scarification Unit . This equipment must be a self -contained machine designed to reprocess only the upper layers of the existing asphalt pavement. The heater scarification unit must be self -propelled and capable of operating at speeds of 8 to 26 feet per minute while uniformly heating and scarifying the existing asphalt pavement to the minimum loose mix depth specified in the contract documents. Listed below are the various units that are part of the heater scarification train.
a.Scarifier. The scarifying unit must contain at least 2 rows of spring -loaded tines that are adjustable to scarify 8 to 14 feet wide. The tines in a row must be no more than 1.0 inch apart. This unit must also be able to conform to the pavement contours to ensure a un iform penetration from the tines and prevent damage to utility structures.
b.Sprayer. This unit must be immediately behind the scarifying unit and capable of uniformly applying the recycling agent to the reclaimed asphalt pavement at the approved rate. Select the size of the nozzles located on the spray bar and pump based upon the rate of application and the forward speed of the heater scarification unit. This unit must be equipped with a measuring system which is capable of maintaining the required application rate of the recycling agent within a tolerance of ± 5% for the mix de sign. The measuring system must continuously verify and display the application rate of recycling agent and cumulative total with respect to the volume of scarified material for the road surface.
c.Mill/Remixer. Immediately following the application of the recycling agent, an enclosed milling unit is required to mill the asphalt pavement to the loose mix depth specified in the contract documents, thoroughly mixing the recycling agent with the scarified and milled pavement. The mill/remixer unit is an integral part of the scarifying machine and must be located between the spray unit, which applies the recycling agent, and the screed. This unit must be operated hydraulically and able to work at varia ble speeds up to 120 rpm.
d.Screed. The attached heated, augured vibratory screed must be able to uniformly distribute the hot scarified material to the desired longitudinal and transverse section. The screed must be adjustable from 8 to 14 feet wide, equipped with an adjustable crown control and each end of the screed must have hand wheel adjusting screws for providing the desired longitudinal grade and transverse slope.
B.Mixture Verification and QC Testing.
1.First day: Prior to the scarification process, the Engineer will select two core locations on the existing pavement. These locations will be within a lane mile or fraction thereof if production is less than one mile. Extract two cores at each location and test one co re from each location for penetration of the extracted asphalt binder from the surface layer only. Provide the companion core from each location to the Engineer for testing by the Department for verification purposes. During the scarification process, take four loose mix samples prior to compaction at each location where cores were taken. These samples will be representative of the day’s production. Take samples either behind the screed or any place after the spraying a nd mixing units. Identify all samples by their locations at the project site. Test two of the loose mix samples from each core location for penetration and provide the other two loose mix samples to the Engineer, which may be evaluated by the Department’s Lab to verify test results. Take all the required core and loose mix samples after the first 500 feet of the day’s production. Submit penetration test results to the Engineer by the end of the next day’s production. If test results are not provided, the Engineer may shut down the scarification process until the results are submitted. Determine the penetration of the PG binder reco vered from the recycled mixture in
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NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Sections 200 - 599 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS (USC) January 1, 202 4 Volume 2 accordance with AASHTO T 49. The average penetration value of the loose mix samples must be at least 30% or more than the penetration of the core samples taken from the existing pavement. If the average penetration values of the loose mix samples fail to meet this requirement, adjust the application rate and submit the new adjusted application rate to the Engineer. Repeat the procedure described above for taking and testing samples. Submit the penetration test results to the Engineer by end of the next day’s production. Continue adjusting the application rate and taking samples until average penetration values of the loose mix samples meet the specification requirement of at least 30% or mor e than the penetration values of the core samples.
2.Routine Day: If the specification requirements are met after the first day’s production, take samples as described above every three days of production for quality control and quality assurance purposes. Samples of the scarified pavement prior to rejuvenation can be ta ken as an option instead of the core samples. When sample results do not meet the specification requirements, make adjustment to the application rate and take samples as described above. If, at anytime, the average penetration value of the loose mix samples is greater than 90, the Engineer may evaluate the pavement section and request the scarified pavement be removed and replaced at no additional cost to the State. The evaluation may incl ude, but not limited to, testing penetration of the core sample, location of the section, etc. If core samples are required for this evaluation, take them at no additional cost to the State and submit them to the Department for testing. Also, if the recycl ed pavement is not satisfactory to the Engineer, additional tests may be required at no cost to the State.
C.Placement. Radiantly heat the existing asphalt pavement surface with no open flame using specialized equipment to soften the asphalt pavement surface and scarify to a specified depth as detailed in the contract documents. Take care not to overheat the existing pavement thereby softening the underlying asphalt pavement not to be milled or scarified and that burning of the existing asphalt cement does not occur. Operate the heating unit(s) in a manner to prevent damage to adjacent property and vegetation. Repair all heat -damaged areas immediately, at no additional cost to the State. Control the heater scarification equipment to ensure the temperature of the scarified mixture is maintained between 275ºF and 325ºF. Verify this temperature within 5 feet behind the screed unit. Control the speed of the equipment to ensure that the recycled pavement is properly milled, mixed, and uniformly distributed to the proper thickness, slope, and crown shown on the contract plans. Take extra care in controlling heater scarification equipmen t to prevent segregation of the recycled mix at the start and end of paving production as well as any points where the heater scarification train needs to stop and restart. Control the width of each pass to provide proper placement of longitudinal joints, including a 3 -inch overlap onto adjacent lane passes. Add recycling agent uniformly to the scarified asphalt pavement at the predetermined application rate to produce a homogenous asphalt recycled mix. Ensure that the final recycled pavement conforms to the requirements of §40 4-3.10, Surface Tolerance and §40 4-3.11, Thickness Tolerance . Measure the depth of the loose scarified mix behind the screed unit prior to the rolling operation. Adjust the paving equipment if the loose mix depth does not provide the compacted depth specified in the contract documents. In areas not accessible to scarifying equipment, such as around catch basins or manholes, the Engineer will determine if they require repair. Pavement surfaces that are in good condition do not require repair. Repair all areas with cracks or spalls, as app roved by the Engineer, at no additional cost to the State.
D.Compaction. Compact the recycled mixture in accordance with §40 4-3.07, D., 80 Series Compaction Method .
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NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Sections 200 - 599 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS (USC) January 1, 202 4 Volume 2 E. Overlay. Once work is completed, overlay the recycled asphalt pavement to the satisfaction of the Engineer. Place the overlay prior to the end of the paving season. This work must be done under a separate pay item in the contract documents.
417-3.03 Hot In -Place Recycling (HIPR).
A.Hot-In-Place Recycling Train. The HIPR train consists of a preheating unit, main recycling unit consisting of a heating system, a hot milling unit, a recycling injection system, a blending unit/mixing chamber, and a conventional paver. The equipment must be capable of processing the ex isting pavement to a minimum depth of 2 inches. HIPR equipment approved for use will appear on the Department’s Approved List. Detailed requirements and procedures for approval of the HIPR equipment are available from the Materials Bureau. A minimum of 30 days is required for approval consideration.
1.Preheating or Heating Unit. This unit must generate sufficient radiant heat with no open flame to soften the asphalt pavement to the depth required. The burner assembly must be adjustable to heat between 8 and 14 feet in width. The entire heating unit must be enclosed and vented to contain the heat and prevent damage to adjacent properties and landscape. Additional heating units may be required if the temperature behind the screed does not meet specification requirements.
2.Main Recycling Unit. This equipment must be a self -contained machine designed to reprocess only the upper layers of the existing asphalt pavement. The HIPR train must be self -propelled and capable of operating at speeds of 8 to 26 feet per minute while uniformly heating and recycling the existing asphalt pavement to the minimum loose mix depth specified in the contract documents. Listed below are the various units that are part of the HIPR train.
a.Heating System. This part of the main recycling unit must meet the same requirements for the preheater.
b.Hot Milling Unit. This unit must be capable of uniformly loosening the preheated asphalt pavement to the depth specified in the contract documents. The milling unit must be equipped with separate automatic grade controls operated from skis. The milling head must be extendab le between 8 and 14 feet to accommodate various road widths and utility structures.
c.Recycling Injection System. The recycling equipment must have a recycling agent injection system with electronic controls so that the required application rate for the recycling agent is maintained at a tolerance of ± 5% from the mix design target. The recycling injection system must continuously verify and display the application rate of recycling agent and cumulative total with respect to the volume of milled material from the road surface.
d.Blending Unit / Mixing Chamber. The recycling equipment must have a chamber capable of blending the recycled pavement, virgin asphalt mix , if any, and recycling agent into a homogenous, uniformly blended mixture. This equipment must be capable of placing the recycled mixture in a windrow to be conveyed into the asphalt mixture placement equipment. The Engineer may approve other methods.
3.Asphalt Placement Equipment.
a.Pickup Conveyor. This equipment must have the capability to p ick up the windrowed asphalt recycled mixture on the roadway and convey it into the paving hopper where a surge
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NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Sections 200 - 599 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS (USC) January 1, 202 4 Volume 2 of asphalt material is kept to ensure that a constant supply of asphalt material is available for the paver.
B.Mixture Verification and QC Testing.
1.Daily Quality Control (QC) Testing: Ensure all tests are performed by a certified Quality Control Technician in accordance with §401 -3.01, Quality Control and §401 -3.02, Production Facility Laboratory, for the virgin asphalt mixture .
2.First day: Prior to the recycling process, the Engineer will select two core locations on the existing pavement. These locations will be within a lane mile or fraction thereof if production is less than one mile. Extract two cores at each location and test one core from each location for penetration of the extracted asphalt binder from the surface layer only. Provide the companion core from each location to the Engineer for testing by the Department for verification purposes. During the recycling process, take four loose mix samples prior to compaction at each location where cores were taken. These samples will be representative of the day’s production. Identify all samples by their locations at the project site. Test two loose mix samples from each core location for penetration and provide the other two loose mix samples to the Engineer, which may be evaluated by the Department’s Lab to verify test results. Take all the required core and loose mix samples after the first 500 fe et of the day’s production. Submit penetration test results to the Engineer by the end of the next day’s production. If test results are not provided, the Engineer may shut down the paving operations until the results are submitted. Determine the penetration of the PG binder recovere d from the recycled mixture in accordance with AASHTO T 49. The average penetration value of the loose mix samples must be at least 30% or more than the penetration of the core samples taken from the existing pavement. If the average penetration values of the loose mix samples fail to meet this requirement, adjust the application rate and submit the new adjusted application rate to the Engineer. Repeat the procedure described above for taking and testing samples. Submit the penetration test results to the Engineer by end of the next day’s production. Continue adjusting the application rate and taking samples until average penetration values of the loose mix samples meet the specification requirement of at least 30% or mor e than the penetration values of the core samples.
3.Routine Day: If the specification requirements are met after the first day’s production, take samples as described above every three days of production for quality control and quality assurance purposes. Samples of the recycled pavement prior to rejuvenation can be tak en as an option instead of the core samples. When sample results do not meet the specification requirements, make adjustment to the application rate and take samples as described above. If, at anytime, the average penetration value of the loose mix samples is greater than 90, the Engineer may evaluate the pavement section and request the recycled pavement be removed and replaced at no additional cost to the State. The evaluation may inclu de, but not limited to, testing penetration of the core sample, location of the section, etc. If core samples are required for this evaluation, take them at no additional cost to the State and submit them to the Department for testing. Also, if the recycle d pavement is not satisfactory to the Engineer, additional tests may be required at no cost to the State.
C.Placement. Radiantly heat the existing asphalt pavement surface with no open flame using specialized equipment to soften the HMA surface and recycle to a specified depth as detailed in the contract documents. Take care not to overheat the existing pavement thereby softening the underlying asphalt pave ment which is not to be milled and that burning of the existing asphalt cement does not
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NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Sections 200 - 599 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS (USC) January 1, 202 4 Volume 2 occur. Operate the heating unit(s) in a manner to prevent damage to adjacent property and vegetation. Repair all heat -damaged areas immediately, at no additional cost to the State. Control the speed of the HIPR train to ensure that the recycled pavement is properly milled, mixed, and uniformly distributed to the proper thickness, slope, and crown as shown on the contract plans. Control the width of each pass to provide proper placeme nt of longitudinal joints, including a 3-inch overlap onto adjacent lane passes. Blend the milled asphalt pavement, recycling agent, and virgin asphalt mixture if specified, to produce a homogenous asphalt recycled mix. Use the application rates of the recycling agent and virgin asphalt mix as determined by the mix design. If virgin asphalt mix is required, the addition into the recycling process must be within ± 2.2 lbs/yd2 of the mix design target. The temperature of the recycled mixture must be between 250ºF and 325ºF prior to initial compaction. Ensure that the final recycled pavement conforms to the requirements of §40 4-3.10, Surface Tolerance and §40 4-3.11, Thickness Tolerance . Measure the depth of the loose recycled mix behind the screed unit prior to the rolling operation. Adjust the paving equipment if the loose mix depth does not provide the compacted depth specified in the contract documents. In areas not accessible to recycling equipment, such as around catch basins or manholes, the Engineer will determine if they require repair. Pavement surfaces that are in good condition do not require repair. Repair all areas with cracks or spalls, as appr oved by the Engineer, at no additional cost to the State.
D.Compaction. Compact the recycled mixture in accordance with §40 4-3.07, C., 70 Series Compaction Method .
417-4 Method of Measurement
417-4.01 General (Vacant)
417-4.02 Heater Scarification (HS). This work will be measured as the number of square yards of
pavement surface recycled as detailed in this specification.
417-4.03 Hot in -Place Recycling (HIPR). This work will be measured as the number of square yards of
pavement surface recycled as detailed in this specification. Virgin asphalt mix will be measured as the number of tons of asphalt mixture furnished and incorporated in the work. A QAF of 1.00 will be assigned to virgin material meeting the specification requirements as tested by the QCT. A QAF of 0.85 will be assigned to virgin material that fails to meet the specification. Quality Units wil l be determined when there is a disincentive and will be calculated as per §40 4-4, Method of Measurement .
417-4.04 Recycling Agent. The quantity of recycling agent to be measured for payment will be the
number of gallons incorporated in the work, measured at a temperature of 60ºF. The following formula will be used to calculate material quantity at 60°F: Volume@ 60°F = Volume D x [1 – (ΔT x 0.00025)] Where, ΔT = Delivered Temperature (°F) – 60 Volume D = Quantity at Delivered Temperature (gallons)
417-5 BASIS OF PAYMENT. Removal of pavement markings and cleaning of the existing pavement
will be paid under separate pay items in the contract documents.
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NEW YORK STATE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION Sections 200 - 599 STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS (USC) January 1, 202 4 Volume 2 417-5.01 General (Vacant)
417-5.02 Heater Scarification (HS). The unit price bid per square yard for this item shall include the
cost of all labor, materials and equipment necessary to satisfactorily complete the work, including heating, scarifying, mixing, paving, compacting, coring, and testing of the recycled mate rials. No deduction will be made in areas such as catch basins or manholes where the scarifying equipment cannot be used.
417-5.03 Hot in -Place Recycling (HIPR). The unit price bid per square yard for this item shall include
the cost of all labor, materials and equipment necessary to satisfactorily complete the work, including heating, milling, mixing, paving, compacting, coring, and testing of the recycled materia ls. No deduction will be made in areas such as catch basins or manholes where the recycling equipment cannot be used. The provisions of §40 4-5, Basis of Payment shall apply for virgin asphalt mix . When there is a disincentive, the payment adjustment will be made based on the Index Price listed in the contract documents. The index price shown in the itemized proposal for each Quality Unit shall be considered the price bid. The unit (index) price is NOT to be altered in any manner by the bidder. Should the bidder alter the price shown, the altered figure will be disregarded and the original price will be used to determine th e total amount bid for the contract.
417-5.04 Recycling Agent. The unit price bid per gallon of recycling agent shall include the cost of all
labor, material, and equipment necessary to complete the work satisfactorily. The Regional Materials Engineer will evaluate the material represented by any failing sample of recycling agent. If the Engineer elects to leave the material in place, the Contra ctor shall receive a pay reduction of 75% of the bid price of the recycling agent for the pavement section represented by the failing sample. Payment will be made under: Item No. Item Pay Unit 417.01 Heater Scarification Square Yard 417.02 Hot In -Place Recycling Square Yard 417.0101 Recycling Agent Gallon SECTION 418 – ASPHALT PAVEMENT JOINT ADHESIVE (New Section September, 2016)
418-1 Description
This work shall consist of furnishing and installing joint adhesive in accordance with the contract documents and as directed by the Engineer.
418-2 Materials
Use a product which appears on the NYSDOT Approved List under ASPHALT PAVEMENT JOINT ADHESIVE (705 -19) meeting the requirements of §705-19.
418-3 Construction Details
418-3.01 General . Furnish all equipment that is necessary to clean the construction joint and to apply the
joint adhesive. Use equipment meeting the description and/or performance requirements described herein and approved by the Engineer. Apply the joint adhesive to the construction joints.
Source: New York Standard Specifications, 2024 Edition. Pages 175–181 of 1,264.