574Structural Steel Painting

LOCALIZED (Last Revised January, 2021)

574-1DESCRIPTION. This work shall consist of pressure washing and power-tool or vacuum-blast

cleaning of damaged paint areas and corroded structural steel surfaces, and painting surfaces described in contract documents. See Special Note entitled Structural Painting Details for the description and requirements of serialized items.

574-2MATERIALS

574-2.01Paints. Paints shall meet the requirements of §708-02 Structural Steel Paints Class 2 and shall

appear on the Department’s Approved List, Structural Steel Paints – Class 2 for localized and overcoat painting, or on the Structural Steel Paints – Class 1 Approved List for localized painting only. All new paint to be applied to a single structure shall be the same paint system produced by the same manufacturer. The Contractor shall assure this to be the case in the event that multiple paint items are specified on a single structure. This includes both shop and field painted components of the structure.

months from the date of manufacture. The shelf life of factory sealed containers of thinners shall be per manufacturer’s recommendations or 3 years from the date of manufacture, whichever is less, and a maximum of 7 months after the factory seal has been broken. Paint and thinner shall arrive at the work site in new, unopened containers. The label shall include the manufacturer’s name, batch number, color, paint name, and date of manufacture.

with manufacturer’s recommendations. Paint will be considered in storage if it is onsite for more than 8 hours prior to application.

underlying substrate and previous coats. The color of the finish coat shall be as specified in contract documents. The color of the other coats will at the Contractor’s option.

manufacturer’s material safety data sheets for each paint to be applied. The material safety data sheets shall be delivered to the Department’s representative a minimum of five work days prior to beginning of work. The Department’s representative and Contractor shall use the product data sheets posted on the Structural Steel Paints Class 1 or Class 2 Approved List, as applicable.

574-2.02Water for Washing. Water for pressure washing shall be potable water. Any detergent or

soluble salt remover used must receive approval by the paint manufacturer and the Materials Bureau. Water shall not be recycled.

574-2.03Abrasive for Blast Cleaning. Abrasive material for blast cleaning shall be selected by the

Contractor. Silica sand and other types of nonmetallic abrasive containing more than one percent free 574-2.04 405 silica, by weight, will not be allowed. The abrasive blasting shall produce an angular anchor profile suitable for the paint system to be applied.

574-2.04Paint Inspection Equipment. Prior to the start of work the Contractor shall supply the

Engineer with the following specifications and equipment in good working order:

SP-1 – Solvent Cleaning.

SSPC-SP 11 – Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal.

SSPC-SP 10 – Near-White Metal Blast Cleaning.

and Reference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by Hand and Power Tool Cleaning.

VIS 1, Guide and Reference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by Dry Abrasive Blast Cleaning.

Specification No. 2 - Measurement of Dry Film Thickness With Magnetic Gages.

Cleaned Steel.

capable of measuring 0 to 60 mils in 0.1 mil increments, with calibration shims.

increments.

All equipment will be returned to the Contractor upon completion of the work.

574-3CONSTRUCTION DETAILS. Overcoating is defined as treating corroded areas by spot

cleaning and applying two coats of primer, followed by applying intermediate and topcoats of paint to all 574-3.01 406 prepared steel surfaces, both cleaned and primed previously corroded areas and cleaned existing intact painted surfaces. Localized cleaning and painting is defined by spot cleaning and applying four coats of paint, including two coats of primer, intermediate and topcoat, to spot-cleaned steel only. The Contractor shall provide adequate access, suitable lighting, and time for inspections to be made. Any work done while the Engineer has been denied, or restricted from access, shall be recleaned and repainted at no additional cost to the State.

574-3.01Quality Control Plan. The Contractor shall provide the Engineer a copy of the Contractor's

Quality Control (QC) procedures and/or Quality Control Plan (QCP). The QCP describes the minimum QC activities that will be performed by Contractor's QC personnel to ensure compliance. The QCP shall minimally include operating procedures and maintenance records for equipment on site, proof of formal QC training for the Contractor’s QC personnel on site, and daily reports including the following information:

The Contractor must provide daily reports to the Engineer upon request. The reports shall be submitted no later than 24 hours following the completion of the days work.

574-3.02Surface Preparation for Overcoating. Steel surfaces shall be prepared for painting by a

combination of pressure washing and power-tool or vacuum-shrouded blast cleaning. Pressure washing of all areas to be painted shall be performed first, followed by power-tool cleaning of areas demonstrating corrosion of the steel substrate to remove all paint, rust, rust scale, and mill scale, as per SSPC SP-11, Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal or SSPC SP-10, Near-White Metal Blast Cleaning as applicable. If heavy deposits of rust and scale are present, they shall be removed by hand or power tool prior to pressure washing. Areas of tightly adhered coating to remain shall be abraded to provide an anchor profile for overcoat paint. Large deposits of bird droppings shall be removed prior to pressure washing.

washed, using an operating pressure range of 1800 to 2000 psi, a minimum flow of 3.5 gal/minute, and a water temperature of 185ºF to 200ºF. The nozzle shall be held at a distance of 6 to 12 inches 574-3.02 407 from the steel surface. Pressure washing shall only be allowed when ambient air temperatures are greater than 40°F and rising. In no case will pressure washing be conducted when spent wastewater could freeze on roadway or bridge surfaces or in any other way create a hazardous situation. The washing is intended to remove contaminants from the surface, not to remove tightly adhered paint. Oil and grease shall be removed by solvent cleaning as described in SSPC SP1, Solvent Cleaning. The areas shall be pressure washed again following this cleaning. When the washing is completed, the cleaned surfaces shall be free of dust, dirt, oil, grease, animal waste, salts, and other debris A containment shall be suspended around and beneath the work area during pressure washing. The containment for pressure washing is intended to capture solid paint chips and other solid debris that may become dislodged from washing operations. Unless otherwise noted, spent wash water will not require collection and will be allowed to fall to the underlying ground or waterway, provided that the other requirements of this specification are met. Special note, Structural Painting Details, will provide scheduling requirements for washing a structure over a body of water. Spent wash water over a public water supply or the New York City watershed shall be collected and diverted to the adjoining land mass. If steel surfaces become contaminated or 7 calendar days elapse between washing and abrasive blasting cleaning, they shall be rewashed at no additional cost to the State.

steel. Vacuum-shrouded abrasive blasting may be allowed. Steel cleaned using vacuum-shrouded blasters shall be cleaned to SSPC-SP 10.

conditions: The relative humidity exceeds 85%. When the substrate is damp or covered by frost. The surface temperature is less than 5°F above the dew point.

in accordance with SSPC-SP 11 or SSPC-SP 10, as applicable. Areas where the existing paint has peeled, flaked, blistered, or otherwise become deteriorated shall be cleaned until only sound paint, tightly adherent paint remains. These areas need not be cleaned to SP-11 or SP-10 if the damage does not extend to the steel surface and corrosion of the steel substrate or the mill scale is not evident. Equipment used shall produce an anchor profile meeting the manufacturer’s requirements as reported on the manufacturer’s data sheets. The anchor profile shall be measured in accordance with ASTM D4417, Method C. Special attention shall be given to the edges of beam flanges, angles and plates, bearings, rivets, the heads of nuts and bolts, structural steel surrounding bridge joints, and similar surfaces that are marginally accessible and difficult to clean. The edges of intact paint shall be feathered back and the adjoining paint must be tightly adhered. Ragged or lifting edges on adjoining paint will not be allowed. Adherence will only be considered satisfactory if the adjoining paint is smoothly feathered back, and cannot be removed by lifting with a dull putty knife.

and debris produced by the operation of the cleaning equipment. Air passing through the vacuum assembly shall be exhausted through a HEPA filter. A HEPA filter shall be defined as a filter that is at least 99.97% efficient for particles that are 0.3 µm in diameter, or larger. 574-3.03 408

extending to the steel shall be power-tool cleaned to remove all damaged or loosely adhered paint and provide a suitable surface for top coating. Loosely adhered paint will lift when scraped with a dull putty knife. After cleaning and feathering edges, all remaining tightly adhered coating shall be abraded. The abrading operation shall not fracture or remove a significant amount of existing coating, only provide surface profile suitable to receive additional coats of paint. The degree of abrasion shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. The Contractor shall choose the method of abrasion. No additional payment will be made for the appropriate containment and waste collection required to abrade the surface. Open abrasive blasting to abrade the surface shall require a Class A containment, in accordance with Section 570 Paint Removal Operations. All other methods of abrasion shall minimally require the same level of containment as specified in contract documents for a particular structure. If the Contractor chooses a wet-abrasive method for abrasion, the containment must meet the requirements of SSPC – Guide 6, Class 2W. All water and abrasive must be collected and disposed of as hazardous waste. All dust, powder, or residual abrasive remaining on the surface after the abrading operation shall be thoroughly removed and the remaining surface clean prior to painting.

prime coated within a 10 hour period. Cleaned areas shall be inspected by the Engineer prior to priming. Areas that exhibit flash rusting within the 10-hour period or fail to meet the project cleaning standard prior to painting shall be recleaned.

for each representative area on the structure that is being prepared for painting. Multiple standards may be required if the cleaned steel differs significantly from the photographic standards due to surface conditions, location from work area, or other factors such as distance of the standard from the work area. The prepared standard shall generally conform to SSPC VIS 3, Guide and Reference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by Hand and Power Tool Cleaning or SSPC VIS 1, Guide and Reference Photographs for Steel Surfaces Prepared by Dry Abrasive Blast Cleaning, as appropriate, and shall be approved by the Engineer before the start of general cleaning work. Each cleaning standard shall be at least 12 x 12 inches in size, and shall be located in an area of the structure that is accessible to, and approved by the Engineer. The Contractor shall protect the cleaning standard from corrosion and contamination throughout the duration of work by applying a clear coat of polyurethane. At the completion of cleaning work, the project standard shall be recleaned and painted. If the project cleaning standard becomes deteriorated, or otherwise ineffective, it shall be reestablished at no additional cost to the State. Corroded and deteriorated surfaces that have been cleaned using power tools shall be accepted by visual comparison to the project prepared standard(s) for each structure. In case of a dispute over the visual standard, the written standard shall take precedence.

574-3.03Surface Preparation for Localized Cleaning and Painting. All of the requirements of §574-

3.02 shall apply with the exception of abrading the remaining coating. Only tightly adherent existing coating within 6 inches of a power tool cleaned surface shall be abraded.

574-3.04Overcoat Painting. The paint shall appear on the Department’s Approved List, ‘Structural

Steel Paints - Class 2’ and be approved for overcoating application. The Contractor shall apply each coat of paint in the order listed on the Department’s Approved List ‘Structural Steel Paints - Class 2.’ 574-3.04 409

greater than or equal to 40oF and rising. Paint shall not be applied when surface or ambient temperatures are greater than 100oF. If the temperature range listed on the manufacturer’s data sheets is more restrictive, the manufacturer’s range shall be used. The use of accelerator additives is prohibited. No paint shall be applied unless the receiving surface is absolutely dry. Paint shall not be applied when the relative humidity is more than 85% or the surface temperature is less than 5oF above the dew point. If the manufacturer’s requirements are more restrictive they shall be followed. No paint shall be applied during rain. The Contractor shall observe the dew point restrictions listed on the manufacturer’s data sheets. If an epoxy coating is exposed to cold temperatures or humid conditions outside of the manufacturer’s recommended values prior to cure, the surface shall be visually examined for greased or oily surfaces which may have formed. The Engineer may also require the Contractor to use a commercially available amine blush test kit in various locations. If testing indicates the presence of an amine blush or if there is any oily film on the surface, the surfaces shall be cleaned in accordance with paint manufacturer’s recommendations at no additional cost to the State.

the manufacturer's recommendations. After mixing the bottom of the container shall have no unmixed pigment.

by the Engineer. The primer, if classified as zinc-rich, shall not be thinned such that the resulting VOC level exceeds the maximum allowable limit set by 6 NYCRR Part 205 for Zinc-Rich Primers. All other coats of paint shall not be thinned where the resulting VOC level exceeds the maximum allowable Part 205 limit for Industrial Maintenance Coatings. The manufacturer’s data sheets shall advise the Contractor and Engineer of the maximum amount of thinner allowed. Use of unauthorized thinners or using excess amounts of thinners is prohibited. Any area where unauthorized solvents or thinners are used shall be recleaned and repainted at no additional cost to the State. All thinning shall be performed in the presence of the Engineer.

approved by the Engineer. Paint may be applied using spray, brush, or roller, unless otherwise indicated by the contract documents or prohibited by the paint manufacturer. All paint shall be applied so as to produce a uniform, even coating, free of runs, sags, drips, ridges or other defects. Roller nap shall be limited in accordance with the paint manufacturer’s recommendation. Areas exhibiting trapped fiber or bristles shall be rejected. Prepared areas that exhibited damaged paint not extending to the steel substrate shall receive two coats of paint : intermediate and finish coat. Complete protection against paint spatter, spillage, wind-blown paint, or similar releases of paint shall be provided. Covers, tarps, mesh, and similar materials shall be placed around the work area to protect public and private property, pedestrian, vehicular, marine, or other traffic, all portions of the bridge, highway appurtenances, waterways, and similar surrounding areas and property, upon, beneath, or adjacent to the structure. The use of spray equipment for paint application shall be allowed within containments provided that the aforementioned protection against paint release is provided, all equipment used (including tarps, mesh and similar materials) meets all safety requirements for such enclosed use with paint spraying, and all OSHA requirements for safety and ventilation are met.

as directed by the range listed on the paint manufacturer’s data sheets. The dry-film thickness shall be determined in accordance with SSPC-PA 2, Paint Application Specification No. 2 - Measurement of Dry Film Thickness with Magnetic Gages, using a Type 2, fixed-probe magnetic gages. Dry film 574-3.05 410 thickness gauges shall be calibrated over a cleaned, approved surface on the structure using two NIST traceable shims as described in the “two point calibration adjustment” section of Appendix 2 of SSPC-PA 2. The two shims must be just below and above the recommended thickness range of the prime coat, or the combined thickness of successive coats, as applicable. DFTs of the all coats applied subsequent to the primer shall be determined by subtracting the average DFT readings of the previous coat(s) from the actual DFT readings. An average DFT value shall minimally be recorded and calculated for every 1000 square feet prepared. The average shall be calculated using a minimum of 5 spot measurements as defined by SSPC-PA2. At least one of the spot measurements shall be performed on the bottom face of the bottom flange of stringers, girders or floor beams if these elements are in the work area. Areas failing to meet the specified minimum dry-film thickness shall be top coated with the same paint to produce the total dry film thickness required. The top coating must be performed within the paint manufacturer’s specified recoat window. The Engineer may require any area exceeding the manufacturers recommended dry film thickness to be cleaned to the SSPC-SP 11 or SSPC-SP 10 condition.

second coat of primer shall be applied within 72 hours of the application of the initial prime coat. The intermediate coat shall be applied within 72 hours of prime coating of the areas as defined by §574-3.02, B.5. All areas of adherent existing paint to be overcoated shall receive the intermediate coat within 72 hours of that area’s cleaning operation. To prevent intercoat adhesion failure, top coat must be applied within the manufacturer’s recommended recoat window, or 14 days, whichever is shorter. If the contractor fails to recoat within the specified time period, the surface to be painted shall be cleaned and abraded in accordance with manufacturer’s recommendations. This work shall be done at no additional cost to the State. If the steel has become dirty between coats, the Contractor shall wash the bridge again at no additional cost to the State.

574-3.05Painting for Localized Cleaning and Painting. The paint shall appear on the Department’s

Structural Steel Paints – Class 1 Approved List, or Structural Steel Paints – Class 2 Approved List and be approved for localized application. The Contractor shall apply each coat of paint in the order listed on the Department’s Approved List. All of the requirements of §574-3.04 shall apply with the exception of area painted. Only areas that have been cleaned shall be painted. Paint shall not extend more than 6 inches beyond all power-cleaned areas.

574-4METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

574-4.01Overcoating - Lump Sum. The work under this item will be measured on a lump sum basis,

per structure.

574-4.02Overcoating - Square Feet. The measurement of this item will include the area requiring

overcoating, measured to the nearest whole square feet.

574-4.03Localized - Square Feet. The quantity to be measured will be in square feet of area of steel

cleaned and painted, measured the nearest whole square feet.

574-5BASIS OF PAYMENT The lump sum price bid shall include the cost of all labor, materials, and

equipment necessary to complete the work, including the cost of providing protection against damage to public and private property during pressure washing and paint application. Payment for the containment, 574-4.03 411 collection and disposal of dust and paint waste generated by surface preparation work shall be paid for separately. Progress payments will be based on the percentage of steel cleaned and painted. 60% of the quantity will be paid for surface preparation and priming. The remaining amount will be paid following the satisfactory completion of work. Payment will be made under: Item No. Item Pay Unit

574.01nnnn Structural Steel Painting: Overcoating Lump Sum

574.02nnnn Structural Steel Painting: Overcoating Square Foot

574.03nnnn Structural Steel Painting: Localized Square Foot

NOTE: nnnn denotes a serialized pay item. SECTION 575 (VACANT)