DRAINAGE CONDUITS 613.02 555 Include the cost of valve boxes, meter boxes, etc., in the contract unit price for Valves Reset and Water Meters Reset . The Department will consider the cost of valves in waterlines and fire hydrant leads, and the cost of resetting to be included in the contract unit price for Valves Reset . The Department will consider the cost of adju sting valve boxes under pavement to be included in the contract unit price for Valve Boxes Adjust to Grade . The Department will pay for separately classified extensions to fire hydrant leads for new waterlines in accordance with Section 616, “Water Pipe and Fittings.” If the extensions are not classified separately, the Department will consider the cost of pipe to be included in the contract unit price for Fire Hydrant Reset .
613.01 Description
This work consists of installing new or removing and reinstalling existing pipe conduits, including the following: Pipe underdrains and edge drains at least 4 in [100 mm] in diameter; and Other pipe with inside diameter of at least 12 in [300 mm], used in storm drains and culverts, or drainage conduits not defined as bridges.
613.02 Materials
Provide drainage conduit in accordance with Section 726, “Drainage Conduits.” Provide the class of reinforced concrete pipe, the sheet thickness of corrugated steel and corrugated aluminum pipe, and the heights of fill above the tops of pipes as shown on the Plans. Provide polypropylene pipe conduit (PP) in accordance with the requirements in Table 726:3, “Flexible Conduit Material Specifications.” Pipes with diameters greater than 60 inches will not be allowed. Provide Class III reinforced concrete culvert pipe unless otherwise required by the Contract. If the type of pipe i s not shown on the Plans, the type is optional. Provide the same type of pipe for each application, unless the Resident Engineer approves an alternative in writing. Provide materials in accordance with the following subsections: Material: Subsection: Joint Filler 726.01.B Standard Bedding Material 703.08 Cover Material For Pipe Underdrains 703.06 For jacking operations, provide the type, size, class, and quantity of pipe shown on the Plans.
613.04 Drainage Conduits
556 613.03 EQUIPMENT — VACANT
613.04 Construction Methods
A.General Install pipe conduit s starting at the outlet or the lowest point of the line. If installing a main or submain drainage conduit with at least one lateral or tributary, construct the tributary lines after completing the main or submain drainage conduit to ensure drainage durin g construction. Replace cracked and deformed conduits before final acceptance at no additional cost to the Department. Provide for drainage during construction. Join new and existing storm drain appurtenances as shown on the Plans or as approved by the Resident Engineer. Protect structures from damage during construction. Ensure storm drain conduits do not project beyond the inside wall of other sewers or sewer appurtenances. Install the invert or flow line of the drainage conduit to the grade line show n on the Plans, unless otherwise directed by the Resident Engineer. Establish the center and grade lines in the trench at intervals no greater than 25 ft [7.5 m]. The Department will allow an interval increase to 50 ft [15 m] if using a laser device to establish the center and grade lines, except when establishing the center and grade lines of manholes or appurtenances, set the first interval at 25 ft [7.5 m]. Seal drainage conduit dead ends, wyes, and tees by cementing stoppers in place. When temporaril y stopping storm drain work, prevent trash or debris from entering conduits using a non-watertight stopper to close the end of conduits with diameters 24 in [600 mm] or less. Place edge drain conduit in an excavated trench lined with separator fabric. Pro vide surfacing above the trench backfill as shown on the Plans. Construct splices in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Use elbow outlet fittings of high -impact polyethylene or equivalent material to transition between the edge drain con duit and the edge drain outlet laterals. Place the edge drain and under drain outlet laterals and headwalls on a smooth grade, backfill the trenches with native material, and compact as shown on the Plans. Install the outlet lateral and connect to the edge drain within 48 hr of placing the edge drain. Repair damaged edge drain conduit by splicing with an undamaged section of conduit. Make repairs at no additional cost to the Department. Backfill lateral outlets and clear the headwalls of debris upon comple tion, and before acceptance by the Resident Engineer.
B.Excavation Excavate only as much trench for pipe conduit as can be laid within 2 calendar days, unless otherwise directed by the Resident Engineer. Excavate only as much trench for pavement edge dra in conduit as can be set and backfilled in 1 calendar day. Protect existing pavement from damage during excavation and placement of pavement edge drain. Repair damages at no additional cost to the Department. DRAINAGE CONDUITS 613.04 557 After completing the embankment to the height required by the Contract (above the flow line grade), excavate trenches to place conduits in embankment fill. Excavate trenches to the width shown on the Plans, from the bottom of the trench to at least 2 ft [0.6 m] above the top of the conduit. Provide ad ditional excavation to accommodate the bells at every joint. Ensure the size and depth of the additional excavation relieves any load on the bell and provides firm bedding under the conduit and adequate space to construct the joint. Place concrete cradle or refill as shown on the Plans or directed by the Resident Engineer. Compact the full length and width of the trench bottom. Remove and replace soft or unsuitable material and replace with suitable material as directed by the Resident Engineer. For cros s drains, excavate to a grade line with a longitudinal camber as shown on the Plans. Unless otherwise required by the Contract, excavated materials not used on the Project, as embankment or backfill becomes the property of the Contractor for removal and di sposal. The Department will consider trench excavation as unclassified excavation as defined in accordance with Subsection 202.01, "Description."
C.Bedding Place the following classes of bedding material in accordance with the type and size of conduit, as shown on the Plans or as directed by the Resident Engineer: Class A. Bedding material in accordance with Subsection 703.08, "Standard Bedding Material." Class B. Bedding material in accordance with Subsection 703.08, "Standard Bedding Material." Class C. Bedding material in accordance with Subsection 703.08, “Standard Bedding Material.” Class D. Bedding material in accordance with Subsection 703.08, "Standard Bedding Material," and compacted in the bottom of the trench as shown on the Plans. Underdrain bedding. Bedding material of granular backfill material in accordance with Subsection 703.06.B (1), “Coarse Cover Aggregate,” compacted in the bottom of the trench as shown on the Plans. Edge drain bedding. Bedding material in accordance with Subsection 703.06.B(3), “Edge Drain Cover Aggregate.” Compact backfill material placed above bedding material in accordance with Subsection 202.04.B, “Embankments.”
D.Separator Fabric Install separator fabric in accordance with Section 325, “Separator Fabric for Bases,” as shown on the Plans.
E.Outlet Lateral Headwalls Construct outlet headwalls in accordance with Section 509, “Structural Concrete,” and place at each outlet lateral, as shown on the Plans or as directed by the Resident Engineer.
613.04 Drainage Conduits
558 F. Rodent Screen Install rodent screens in each outlet lateral line and fasten to the outlet end of the edge drain lateral pipe.
G.Placing Pipe Place pipe on a foundation of bedding material approved by the Resident Engineer to the center and grade lines shown on the Plans, with the bell facing upstream. Ensure the conduit remains in place. Lower the pipe into the trench without dropping. Use hoisting equipment to place the pipe. Clean the inside of the barrel before lowering the pipes into the trench. Avoid damaging the pipe or trench. Replace damaged pipe or repair damaged trench at no additional cost to the Department. Start laying the pipe at the outlet or the lowest point of the line. Ensure t he bottom of the pipe contacts the shaped bedding along the entire length. Lay paved or partially lined pipe so the longitudinal centerline of the paved segment conforms to the flow line. When placing elliptical and elliptically reinforced pipes, ensure t he major axis is within 5° of a horizontal plane through the longitudinal axis of the pipe. Do not fill or ram material under pipe to raise the pipe to grade. Embed under drain pipe in the bedding material and place at the center and grade lines shown on the Plans. Lay perforated pipe with the perforations facing down. Place under drain pipe with a top-of-pipe identification marker facing up. Fasten metal screens to the outlet end of the subdrain pipe. Provide mesh screens with ½ in [12 mm] openings, fab ricated of steel wire with diameters of 0.04 in [1 mm], or 0.08 in [2 mm] after galvanization. Ensure the wire mesh meets the requirements of ASTM A 740 (2014). Permanently seal the dead end of the pipe with end caps. Provide and set marker posts at unde r drain pipe outlets as shown on the Plans. Provide 1 ft [0.3 m] of non -flammable end section (metal or RCP) for every 6 in [150 mm] of PP pipe diameter, not including any tapered section of the PP pipe.
H.Joining Pipe Conduit Ensure the ends are fully i nserted and the inner surfaces are flush when joining pipe conduit sections. Construct joints with mortar, cold applied mastic -rubber gaskets, or plastic joint material as shown on the Plans. Ensure the joints are concentric and reasonably watertight. Ke ep the inside of the pipe free of joint material. Join flexible conduit with an external or internal coupling device, or with a twist -lock coupling system integrated into the wall of the conduit. Fasten the coupling system to the conduit and ensure the s ystem does not release during installation, handling, and backfilling operations. The Resident Engineer will accept coupling systems based on the field conditions and will not accept systems that repeatedly release. The Resident Engineer can approve or re ject the coupling system, regardless of it being on the Material’s Division “Approved Products List.” DRAINAGE CONDUITS 613.04 559 When connecting PP pipe to non -flammable end sections (metal or RCP), install the joint so that the connection forms a continuous line free from irregular ities in the flow line. Ensure the resulting connection is both soil and water tight .
I.Backfilling Allow the Resident Engineer access to the trench for inspection of the conduit before backfilling. Ensure smooth inside joints and clean barrels. Before b ackfilling, replace misaligned, settled, or damaged pipes. After inspection and approval by the Resident Engineer, backfill the pipe trench with material as shown on the Plans preventing displacement of or damage to the pipe. Place standard bedding mater ial over pipes, except pipe under drains, to the depth shown on the Plans. Place and compact backfill in accordance with Subsection 202.04.B, “Embankments.” Backfill PP with a minimum of 2 ft [0.6 m] of approved back fill material in accordance with the latest Roadway Design Standards for Standard Pipe Bedding (SPB -1) and Fill Height Tables for Metal and Polypropylene Pipes (FHTMPP -1).
J.Jacking Pipe Conduit Install pipe conduit by jacking, boring, or pushing as shown on the Plans or directed by the Resident Engineer. Install the pipe conduit to the center and grade lines shown on the Plans. Use methods and equipment for jacking and boring pipe conduit as approved by the Resident Engineer. Prevent operations from in terfering with existing underground utilities. Keep the disturbed area to a minimum. Install jacked, bored, or pushed pipe conduits at least 18 in [460 mm] below the ground line or subgrade. Cut an “X” in the curb or surface above both sides of the pipe conduit crossings as approved by the Resident Engineer. Use only a circulation medium (water or other fluids) in boring or jacking operations with the written approval of the Resident Engineer. Use minimum pressure when applying the circulation medium. K eep the circulation medium in the casing throughout jacking and boring operations. Install pipe conduit by jacking under railroad embankments, highways, streets, or other facilities without interfering with operation of the railroad, highway, street, or ot her facility, and without damaging the embankment or structure. Install pipe conduit using jacking in accordance with the size, type, and class shown on the Plans. If the strength of the pipe conduit is not rated for the additional pressure of jacking ope rations, reinforce the pipe conduit to withstand jacking pressure at no additional cost to the Department. Bore or remove the soil during the jacking or pushing operation if jacking or pushing pipe conduit with an inside diameter greater than 2 in [50 mm] under railroads, highways, streets, or other facilities. If jacking or pushing pipe conduit with an inside diameter of 36 in [915 mm] or less under railroads, highways, streets, or other facilities, install the pipe conduit using a combination of boring a nd jacking. Use a boring auger or bit with a diameter smaller than that of the pipe conduit. Jack the pipe conduit as the boring auger drills out the material. Bore no more than 1 ft [0.3 m] ahead of the pipe conduit. Excavate pits for jacking if the gr ade of the pipe conduit at the jacking end is below the ground surface. Continuously dewater the pits until backfilling is complete.
613.05 Drainage Conduits
560 Provide heavy -duty jacks for installing the pipe conduit in the embankment. Apply even pressure to the jacks. Provide a jacking head, and bracing between the jacks and the jacking head to ensure the pipe conduit receives uniform pressure. Provide a jacking frame or backstop. Set the pipe conduit on guides braced together to support the sections of pipe conduit, and to dir ect it to the center and grade lines shown on the Plans. If pipe conduit sections are less than 6 ft [1.8 m] long, place two sections in the guide frame at the same time. Lubricate the joints to minimize breakage. Place the jacking assembly in line with the grade of the pipe conduit. Push the pipe conduit through the embankment with jacks and excavate earth material ahead of the pipe conduit removing the material through the pipe conduit. Excavate at least one -third the circumference of the pipe conduit to accommodate the underside of the pipe conduit. Ensure the excavated area conforms to the shape and grade of the conduit. Unless otherwise specified, create a clearance of 2 in [50 mm] or less for the upper half of the pipe conduit. Where the excavat ion conforms to the pipe conduit’s shape, taper the clearance to zero. The Department will allow a steel cutting edge around the head and for at least the upper two - thirds of the conduit and extending a short distance beyond the end of the conduit. Constr uct the steel cutting edge, and mount and use it so as to ensure that clearance between the outside of the conduit and the undisturbed earth will be not more than ½ in [12 mm]. When excavating inside the pipe, do not exceed the outside diameter of the con duit or extend more than 12 in [300 mm] beyond the lead edge of the cutting head; this will provide for final trimming by the cutting edge and eliminates any void space except that clearance allowed above regarding the steel cutting head. Perform jacking o perations without interruption to prevent the pipe conduit from becoming firmly set in the embankment. Stop jacking operations at the first signs of caving. Make corrections and install measures to prevent future caving before restarting, as approved by t he Resident Engineer. Use grout to fill cavities or voids created by jacking operations, as approved by the Resident Engineer. Remove conduit damaged by jacking operations, and replace at no additional cost to the Department.
K.Re-laying Culvert Pipe Clean the culvert pipe before re -laying and install in accordance with Subsection 613.04.G, "Placing Pipe."
613.05 Method of Measuremen T
The Resident Engineer will not deduct from the length of pipe measurements for the following: Wye branches, and Standard manholes for conduits 12 in [300 mm] or less in diameter. The Resident Engineer will make deduct from the length of pipe measurements for the following: Special structures, and Manholes and all structures for conduits larger than 12 in [300 mm] in diameter. DRAINAGE CONDUITS 613.06 561 The Resident Engineer will measure the length of drainage conduit, edge drain conduit, and edge drain outlet laterals along the conduit center and grade lines. The Resident Engineer will calculate the volume of standard bedding material Class A, Class B, and Class C as follows: Calculate the theoretical cross -sectional area using the width of the trench and the height of the bedding material as shown on the Plans; Deduct the theoretical cross -sectional area of th e embedded portion of the pipe using the outside diameter as shown on the Plans; and Multiply the difference by the length of the drainage conduit completed in place. The Resident Engineer will measure pipe under drain cover material using the width and de pth of the trench shown on the Plans, and will not deduct the volume of the under drain pipe. The Resident Engineer will calculate the volume of trench excavation by multiplying the width of the trench shown on the Plans, the length of the drainage conduit completed in place, and the trench depth determined as follows: Cut areas – the average depth from the lower excavation line to the finished subgrade shown on the Plans. Fill areas – the depth from the lower excavation line shown on the Plans to 2 ft [0.6 m] above the drainage conduit. The Resident Engineer will establish the lower excavation line (used in determining the depth of trench excavation) by subtracting the thickness of the drainage conduit wall (as determined below) and the depth of bedding mat erial below the outside surface of the drainage conduit shown on the Plans from the flow line elevation shown on the Plans. The Resident Engineer will determine the thickness of the drainage conduit wall as follows: For rigid drainage conduit, the actual wall thickness; and For flexible drainage conduit, the height of the corrugation or actual wall thickness. In adjacent excavation and embankment areas, the Resident Engineer will establish an equitable measurement elevation. The Resident Engineer will measure jacked conduit along the centerline of the conduit. The Resident Engineer will measure the length of PP pipe along the conduit center and grade lines while the conduit is stress -free and at rest on a flat surface.
613.06 Basis of Payment
The Depart ment will pay for each pay item at the contract unit price per the specified pay unit as follows: Pay Item: Pay Unit:
A.REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPE, ROUND, ELLIPTICAL OR ARCH Linear Foot [Meter]
B.CORRUGATED GALVANIZED STEEL PIPE, ROUND OR ARCH Linear Foot [Meter]
C.MILL PRECOATED CORRUGATED GALVANIZED STEEL PIPE Linear Foot [Meter]
613.06 Drainage Conduits
562 Pay Item: Pay Unit:
D.CORRUGATED ALUMINUM PIPE Linear Foot [Meter]
E.CORRUGATED POLYETHYLENE PIPE Linear Foot [Meter] (EE) CORRUGATED POLYPROPYLENE PIPE Linear Foot [Meter]
F.CAST IRON PIPE Linear Foot [Meter]
G.POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PIPE Linear Foot [Meter]
H.PERFORATED PIPE UNDERDRAIN Linear Foot [Meter]
I.NON -PERFORATED PIPE UNDERDRAIN Linear Foot [Meter]
J.EDGE DRAIN CONDUIT – PERFORATED Linear Foot [Meter]
K.EDGE DRAIN OUTLET LATERAL – NONPERFORATED Linear Foot [Meter]
L.PREFAB. CULV. END SECT., ROUND, ELLIPTICAL, OR ARCH Each
M.CULVERT END TREATMENT Each
N.SLOPED CONCRETE END SECTION Each
O.SPECIAL END SECTIONS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPE Each
P.GALVANIZED STEEL CULV. END SEC tt ROUND OR ARCH Each
Q.OUTLET LATERAL HEADWALL Each
R.STANDARD BEDDING MATERIAL, CLASS A Cubic Yard [Cubic Meter]
S.STANDARD BEDDING MATERIAL, CLASS B Cubic Yard [Cubic Meter]
T.STANDARD BEDDING MATERIAL, CLASS C Cubic Yard [Cubic Meter]
U.PIPE UNDERDRAIN COVER MATERIAL Cubic Yard [Cubic Meter]
V.TRENCH EXCAVATION Cubic Yard [Cubic Meter]
W.JACKED CONDUIT Linear Foot [Meter]
X.RE -LAYING CULVERT PIPE Linear Foot [Meter] The Department will pay for different sizes and types of pipe as separate pay items. Include the cost of removing unsuitable material to be included in the contract unit price for Trench Excavation , and will consider the replacement with suitable material to be included in the co ntract unit price for the relevant bedding material pay item. The Department will pay for separator fabric in accordance with Section 325, “Separator Fabric for Bases.” The Department will consider the cost of standard bedding ma terial Class D, earth backfill, sheeting, shoring, stoppers (plugs), and joint filler to be included in the contract unit price for the relevant pay item. The Department will include the cost of under drain pipe outlet markers to be included in the contrac t unit price for the relevant pipe under drain pay item. The Department will consider the cost of constructing pilot tunnels and conduit used in jacking operations to be included in the contract unit price for Jacked Conduit . When casing is used, the item WICK DRAINS AND STRIP DRAINS 614.02 563 Jacked Conduit does not include the pipe to be placed inside the casing. The pipe will be measured separately for payment. The Department will consider the removal and disposal of excess material to be included in the contract unit price for other relevan t excavation and removal pay items. The Department will consider payment of PP pipe as full compensation for furnishing all materials, equipment, labor, and incidentals to complete the work as specified in the Plans. SECTION 614 WICK DRAINS AND STRIP DRAIN S
614.01 Description
This work consists of installing prefabricated wick drains and strip drains.
614.02 Materials
A.Wick Drains Provide prefabricated wick drains with a free -draining, flexible -plastic core wrapped in a non-woven filter fabric. Fabricate the core with drainage channels. Provide a rigid wick drain capable of withstanding lateral earth pressures due to embedment and surcharge, so the vertical flow capacity through the core will not be ad versely affected. Ensure the prefabricated drains resist wet rot, mildew, bacterial action, and insects. Provide prefabricated drains with discharge capacities of at least 1.5 gal/min [5.68 L/min] if measured under 1 gradient at 40 psi [276 kPa] in accord ance with ASTM D 4716/D4716M. Use Alidrain, Ameridrain (Type 407), Mebra Drain, or an approved equivalent for the prefabricated drains. Provide Type B Certifications for these drains in accordance with Subsection 106.04, “Material Certifications.” Submit samples of other materials of the prefabricated drain for evaluation and approval at least one month before beginning work.
B.Strip Drains Provide strip drains that are flexible, prefabricated, rectangu lar shaped, composite products. The drain conduit must consist of a polyolefin inner core completely wrapped by a filter fabric. Ensure the inner core supports the fabric that acts as a filter, stiffener, and flow channel for water draining downgrade to t he outlet laterals. Permanently bond the filter fabric to the core protrusion. Ensure at least 70 protrusions from the inner core per square foot [753 protrusions per square meter] of strip drain surface. Ensure at least 90 percent of the protrusions ar e bonded to the filter fabric. Provide non -woven filter fabric that consists of long chain synthetic polymers composed of at least 85 percent by weight polyolefins, polyesters, or polyamides.
Source: Oklahoma Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 569–576 of 935.