MATERIALS FOR GUARD RAIL, GUIDE POSTS, BRIDGE RAIL, MISCELLANEOUS RAILING, AND FENCES 732.01 747 B. Inspection Notify the Department’s “Shop Inspection” Testing Laboratory immediately before treatment of lumber, timber, piling, and posts. The Department's representative will inspect the following: Lumber, timber, piling, and posts for the grades and sizes required by the Contract; and Materials and processes used in the treatment in accordance with AWPA M2.
731.03 Storing and Handling
Store the lumber or timber on dunnage to prevent contact with the ground or paved surfaces, and allow to thoroughly dry after treatment. MATERIALS FOR GUARD RAIL, GUIDE POSTS, BRIDGE RAIL, MISCELLANEOUS RAILING, AND FENCES
732.01 Metal Guard Rail
Provide guard rail items in accordance with the testing and performance requirements of NCHRP 350, and the following:
A.Beams Provide corrugated steel beams in accordance with AASHTO M 180, Type I or Type II.
B.Guard Rail Posts
1.Steel Posts Provide hot rolled (forged) steel shapes in accordance with ASTM A709, Grade 36. Provide shapes that are galvanized in accordance with AASHTO M 111. Complete punching, drilling, cutting, shearing, and grinding before galvanization. Repair surface defects by grinding, cutting, or welding. Ensure surfaces are coated with two coats of zinc -dust zinc -oxide prim er in accordance with Section 730, “Paint for Structural Steel.” Perform alternative repairs in accordance with ASTM A780/A780M. Alternatively, the Department will accept steel posts fabricated in accordance with ASTM A769/ A769 M. Ensure fabricated posts do not vary more than 5 percent from the mass, dimensions, and section properties for hot rolled shapes. Ensure dimensions, mass, and section properties are in accordance with the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) Steel Construction Manual , or the supplier’s technical publications endorsed by the AISC. Provide fabricated posts with sharp, sheared edges that are dulled in the upper 18 in [450 mm] of the post, using grinding, secondary rolling, or sand or shot -blasti ng. Complete dulling operations in accordance with AASHTO M 111 before galvanization.
732.03 Materials for Guard Rail, Guide Posts, Bridge Rail, Miscellaneous Railing, and Fences
748 Provide steel base plates and miscellaneous fabricated guard rail hardware in accordance with ASTM A709, Grade 36, and galvanized in accordance with AASHTO M 111. Galva nize after cutting, welding, punching, and drilling.
2.Wood Posts Provide wood posts of the length and size shown on the Plans. Provide sawed and round posts cut from live trees with close grain.
a.Sawed and Treated Posts Provide sawed and treated pos ts in accordance with AASHTO M 168 and Section 731, “Timber Preservative and Treatment.”
b.Post Weakening Weaken the leading posts in the approach anchor unit by drilling holes at the ground line as shown on the Plans. Uniformly treat ground -line and enlarged holes by pulling or pushing a rag saturated with preservative solution through the holes to reach the same treatment level as the rest of the post.
C.Spacer Blocks Provide spacer blocks made of plastic.
D.Guard Ra il Hardware Provide fittings, bolts, washers, and other accessories in accordance with the guard rail manufacturer’s recommendations. Galvanize them in accordance with AASHTO M 111 or AASHTO M 232, whichever applies.
732.02 Guide Posts
Provide round wood posts for guide posts and underdrain marker posts in accordance with Subsection 732.01.B(2), “Wood Posts.” Provide un -slabbed and un -drilled posts.
732.03 Metal Bridge Railing Materials
A.Structural Steel Shapes f or Posts and Rails Provide structural steel shapes for posts and rail in accordance with Section 724, “Structural Steel.”
B.Metal Beams Provide metal beams in accordance with Subsection 732.01, “Metal Guard Rail.”
C.Aluminum Alloy Tubes Provide aluminum alloy tubes for bridge railing in accordance with ASTM B 221, alloy 6063 or 6061 T6. If shown on the Plans, weld in accordance with Subs ection 720.03.A, “Welding Requirements for Aluminum. ” MATERIALS FOR GUARD RAIL, GUIDE POSTS, BRIDGE RAIL, MISCELLANEOUS RAI LING, AND FENCES 732.06 749 732.04 PIPE RAILING Provide galvanized or black steel pipe and fittings in accordance with ASTM A 53/A53M for standard weight pipe, except for the requirement for hydrostatic testing. Provide galvanize d steel pipes and fittings in accordance with AASHTO M 111 or AASHTO M 232.
732.05 Wire Cable and Fitti Ngs
Provide wire cables and fittings in accordance with AASHTO M 30.
732.06 Fence, Style Wwf Or Fence, Style Swf
A.Description Provide fabric, strand wi re, wire items, framework for fence and gates, and fastening and bracing hardware for constructing woven wire or strand wire fence as required by the Contract.
B.Materials
1.Wire Items
a.Woven Wire Provide woven wire in accordance with AASHTO M 279, design number 832 -6-12½, Grade 60, with a Type Z, Class 1 zinc coating, or a Type A aluminum coating.
b.Barbed Wire Provide barbed wire in accordance with AASHTO M 280, design number 12 -4-5-14R or 12-4-5-14H, with a Type Z, Class 1 zinc coating, or a Typ e A aluminum coating.
c.Smooth or Tension Wire Provide smooth wire in accordance with the ASTM A641/ A641M and Table 732:1: Table 732:1 Smooth or Tension Wire Properties Wire Gauge Wire Diameter, in [mm] Temper Tensile Strength, ksi [MPa] Zinc Coating 9 0.148 [3.76] Soft ≥60 [414] Class 1 11 0.120 [3.05] Medium or Hard ≥85 [586] Class 1
d.Barbless Wire Provide wire in accordance with Subsection 732.06.B.(1).(b), “Barbed Wire,” without the barbs.
e.Post Ties (Wire Ties) Provide p ost ties in accordance with AASHTO M 281.
732.06 Materials for Guard Rail, Guide Posts, Bridge Rail, Miscellaneous Railing, and Fences
750 (2) Posts, Gates, and Hardware
a.Fan, Corner, End, Stretcher, and Gate Posts Provide straight wood or steel posts for fans, corners, ends, and gateposts.
1.Wood Posts Treat wood posts in accordance with Section 731, “Timber Preservatives and Treatment.” Ensure the wood post quality standard grades are in accordance with ASTM F537.
2.Steel Posts Provide steel posts in accordance with ASTM A53/A53M, standard weight, Schedule 40 steel pipe, except for the pressure -testing requirement. Ensure the posts are pipe with at least 1.66 in [42.2 mm] outside diameter and a wall thickness of 0.140 in [3.56 mm]. The Resident Engineer will accept pipe in accordance with the substitute pipe equation in Subsection 732.07.C.(2), “Framework Items. ” If welding steel posts, apply at least a 90 percent zinc rich paint to the weld.
b.Line Posts Provide line posts of either preservative treated wood or steel. Use the same post material throughout the project, unless the Resident Engineer approves a mixture of materials in writing. Provide wood line posts in accordance with ASTM F 537, treated with preservative in acco rdance with Section 731, “Timber Preservatives and Treatment.” Provide galvanized or painted steel posts in accordance with AASHTO M 281. If steel posts do not have deformable clip protrusions on the post, provide the same numbe r of wire ties as the number of strands joined to the posts.
c.Gates Provide gates with a pipe or tubular framework, covered with the same type strand or woven wire as the fence. Provide the pipe or tubing in accordance with ASTM A53/A53M, Schedule 40 steel pipe, except for the pressure -testing requirement. Provide pipe with at least 1.66 in [42.2 mm] outside diameter and a wall thickness of 0.140 in [3.56 mm]. Cover and brace the frame as shown on the Plans. The Resident Engineer will accept pipe in accordance with Subsection 732.07.C.(2), "Framework Items,” for steel posts. Alternatively, the Resident Engineer will accept commercially available ranch -type metal panel gates. Provide ranch -type gates made of al uminum coated steel, aluminum alloy, or galvanized steel, mill finished or painted.
d.Hardware Provide hardware, hinges, fittings, and gate latches in accordance with the gate manufacturer recommendations. Ensure hardware, hinges, fittings, and gate lat ches are MATERIALS FOR GUARD RAIL, GUIDE POSTS, BRID GE RAIL, MISCELLANEOUS RAILING, AND FENCES 732.07 751 galvanized in accordance with AASHTO M 232, or have a protective coating compatible with the gate coating or alloy. Provide galvanized eye bolts for fastening fence to existing headwalls or wingwalls on culverts. Provide staples for fastening wire to wood made of 9 gauge (0.148 in) [3.76 mm] galvanized wire. Ensure staples are at least 1½ in [38.1 mm] long. Provide galvanized nails made of round or oval steel wire. Ensure nails are 40 pwt nails or 20 pwt spikes.
732.07 Fence, Style Clf
A.Descrip tion Provide chain link fabric, other wire items, framework for fences and gates, and fastening and bracing hardware to construct chain link fence. Ensure the height of the fence fabric, the width and height of the gate openings, the size, shape and lengt h of posts and the size and shape of framework members are as shown on the Plans.
B.Classifications The Department defines Class A as fence or gate without climb barrier, and Class B as fence or gate with climb barrier. Provide the following types as Cla ss A or Class B: Type I: galvanized steel wire fabric on a steel or aluminum mounting system; Type II: aluminum -coated steel wire fabric on a steel or aluminum mounting system; Type III: aluminum alloy fabric on a steel or aluminum mounting system; and Type IV: vinyl -coated or PVC plastic coated galvanized steel wire fabric on a zinc -coated steel or aluminum mounting system of the same color or a harmonizing color.
C.Materials
1.Wire Items
a.Fabric Provide 9 gauge (0.148 in) [3.76 mm] wire woven into f abric in 2 in [50.8 mm] mesh in accordance with AASHTO M 181.
b.Tension Wire Provide tension wire in accordance with AASHTO M 181, with a coating that matches the fence required by the Contract.
c.Barbed Wire Provide barbed wire in accordance with Subsection 732.06.B(1)(b), “Barbed Wire.”
d.Post Ties Provide post ties and clips in accordance with ASTM F 626.
732.08 Materials for Guard Rail, Guide Posts, Bridge Rail, Miscellaneous Railing, and Fences
752 (2) Framework Items Provide posts, rail, and gate frames in the sizes and shapes shown on the Plans. Provide steel pipe for posts in accordance with AASHTO M 181, Grade 1 or Grade 2. Provide PVC coated steel pipe for Type IV fence in accordance with AASHTO M 181, Grade 1 or Grade 2, with PVC coating instead of organic exterior coating on Grade 2 pipe. Alternatively, use thin walled pipe with the outside diameter and coating for Grade 2 pipe in accordance with AASHTO M 181. Test the pipe or tubing to determine the tensile and yield strengths. If using substitute pipe, ensure the product of the substitut e section modulus and the yield strength equals or exceeds the section modulus schedule shown on the Plans multiplied by 25,800 psi [177.9 MPa] (the minimum yield strength for Schedule 40 pipe). Ensure steel used in substitute pipe has a yield strength of at least 50,000 psi [344.7 MPa]. Determine the section modulus of the pipe using the following equation: ODID ODSM32) (4 4 Where SM = Section modulus, OD = Outside diameter, ID = Inside Dia meter, and = 3.1416.
3.Fence Fittings Ensure the materials requirements, coating specifications, and inspection procedures of the following items for CLF are in accordance with ASTM F626: Post and line post caps, Rail and brace ends, Sleeves for top rail, Tension and brace bands, Tension bars, Truss rods, and Barb arms.
732.08 Fence, Style Gdf
A.Description Provide fence fabric, other wire items, fence framework, and fastening and bracing hardware to construct glare deflector fence. MATERIALS FOR GUA RD RAIL, GUIDE POSTS, BRIDGE RAIL, MISCELLANEOUS RAILING, AND FENCES 732.09 753 B. Classifications The Department defines Class R as GDF mounted on a guardrail, Class P as GDF mounted on ground -mounted posts, and Class W as GDF mounted on a parapet wall or median barrier. Provide the following types as Class R, Class P, or Cla ss W: Type I: galvanized steel wire fabric on a steel or aluminum mounting system; Type II: aluminum -coated steel wire fabric on a steel or aluminum mounting system; Type III: aluminum alloy fabric on a steel or aluminum mounting system; and Type IV; vinyl -coated or PVC plastic -coated galvanized steel wire fabric, on a zinc -coated steel or aluminum mounting system of the same color or a harmonizing color.
C.Materials
1.Wire Items
a.Fabric Provide fabric of 9 gauge (0.148 in) [3.76 mm] wire woven in 1 in [25.4 mm] mesh. Provide other material in accordance with Subsection 732.07.C(1)(a), “Fabric.”
b.Tension Wire Provide tension wire in accordance with Subsection 732. 07.C(1)(b), “Tension Wire. ”
c.Post Ties (Wire Ties) Provide post ties in accordance with Subsection 732.07.C(1)(d), “Post Ties.”
2.Framework Items Provide framework items, posts, line posts, top rail, and brac e rail in accordance with Subsection 732.07.C(2), “Framework Items. ”
3.Fence Fittings Provide fittings in accordance with Subsection 732.07.C(3), “Fence Fittings.”
732.09 Wire Baskets for Gab Ions and Revetment M Attresses
A.General Provide wire baskets constructed of double twisted hexagonal wire mesh or, if shown on the Plans, welded -wire mesh. Use non -raveling wire mesh that will not separate at twists or detach at welds if a wire in the mesh is cut.
B.Wire Requirements Provide mesh, selvage, lacing, internal -connecting, and spiral wires in accordance with ASTM A641/A641M, Class 3, Soft (tensile strength from 55 ksi to 75 ksi [380 MPa to 520 MPa]) and ASTM A853. Provide wire with High Grade or Special High Grade zinc -coating in accordance with ASTM B6, Table 1. For welded -wire mesh, ensure the coating uniformity equals or exceeds four 1 min dips by the Preece Test, in accordance with ASTM A239.
732.09 Materials for Guard Rail, Guide Posts, Bridge Rail, Miscellaneous Railing, and Fences
754 C. Twisted -Wire Mesh Bask ets
1.General Provide mesh wires wrapped around the selvage wire with the number of turns necessary to interconnect each of them with adjacent mesh wires. Ensure wire is galvanized before mesh fabrication.
2.Gabions Provide galvanized baskets manufact ured from 11 gauge [3 mm] mesh wires and 9 gauge [3.9 mm] selvage wires. Provide PVC -coated baskets manufactured from 12 gauge [2.7 mm] mesh wire and 10 gauge [3.4 mm] selvage wire.
3.Revetment Mattresses Provide baskets manufactured from 13.5 gauge [2. 2 mm] mesh wires and 12 gauge [2.7 mm] selvage wire for 12 in [300 mm] thick revetment mattresses. Provide baskets manufactured from 13.5 gauge [2.2 mm] mesh wires for thinner revetment mattresses.
D.Welded -Wire Mesh Baskets
1.General Provide welded -wire mesh baskets with resistance welds. Ensure mesh is in accordance with ASTM A185.
2.Gabions Provide baskets manufactured from 11 gauge [3 mm] wire. Provide PVC -coated baskets manufactured from 12 gauge [2.7 mm] wire.
3.Revetment Mattresses For 12 in [300 mm] thick revetment mattresses, provide baskets manufactured from 13.5 gauge [2.2 mm] mesh wires. For thinner revetment mattresses, provide baskets manufactured from 14 gauge [2.0 mm] mesh wires.
E.Connection Wires Provide connection wires of the sizes specified in Table 732:2. Table 732:2 Connection Wire Sizes Wire Type Minimum Wire Size Lacing wire 13.5 gauge [2.2 mm] Spiral wire 12 gauge [2.7 mm] Internal connecting wire 13.5 gauge [2.2 mm] Provide enough lacing and connection wire to fasten gabion basket and diaphragm edges. MATERIALS FOR GUARD RAIL, GUIDE POSTS, BRIDGE RAIL, MISCELLANEOUS RAILING, AND FENCES 732.09 755 F. Basket Strength and Flexibility Requirements
1.Elongation Before basket fabrication, make elongation tests on a wire sample 12 in [300 mm] long. Ensure elongation is at least 12 percent, in accordance with AS TM A370.
2.Punch Test Ensure the 3 in × 5 in [75 mm × 125 mm] wire mesh will not rupture when a 6,000 lb [26.7 kN] load is applied as follows: Place a 6 ft [1.83 m] long, 3 ft [0.91 m] wide or wider section of wire mesh in testing machine seats without b inding individual wires. Ensure the sample includes the selvedge bindings along the width, or in the middle for widths greater than 3 ft [0.91 m]. Apply tension to elongate the section 10 percent. Apply a 6,000 lb [26.7 kN] load to 1 ft² [0.093 m²] located in the center of the sample between the clamps. Ensure the load is perpendicular to the elongation tension force direction. Apply it with a circular ram head with beveled or rounded edges to prevent cutting the wires.
3.Strength Ensure wire str ength is in accordance with Subsection 732.09.F(2), “Punch Test,” and Table 732:3, “Wire Mesh Strengths,” when tested in accordance with the Colorado Procedure for Methods of Conducting Strength Tests of Gabions (CP I-6130). Table 732:3 Wire Mesh Strengths Wire Mesh Wire Strength, lb/ft [kN/m] Galvanized Gabions PVC Coated Gabions Revetment Mattresses Pulled parallel to wire twist 2,300 [34] 2,000 [29] 1,800 [26] Pulled perpendicular to wire twist 1,800 [26] 1,400 [20] 900 [13] Connection to selvedges 1,400 [20] 1,200 [18] 900 [13] Joint connection strength -lacing wire or ring wire fastener 1,400 [20] 1,200 [18] 900 [13]
732.09 Materials for Guard Rail, Guide Posts, Bridge Rail, Miscellaneous Railing, and Fences
756 G. PVC Coating Provide wire with PVC coating. Ensure the PVC -coated wire is in accordance with the Table 732:4. Table 732:4 PVC Coating Properties Property Test Value Coating thickness, nominal 20 mil [500 µm] — ≥15 mil [380 µm] Specific gravity a ASTM D 2287, ASTM D 792 1.20 – 1.4 Tensile strength a ASTM D 412 ≥2,900 psi [20 MPa] Modulus of elasticity a — ≥2,600 psi [18 MPa] Brittleness temperature ASTM D 746 ≤−10°C Abrasion resistance a CSI-A Abrader Tape, 80 Grit ASTM D 1242, Method D Method B at 200 cycles ≤12% weight loss Salt spray test b ASTM B 117 ≥3,000 hr Ultraviolet light exposure b Apparatus Type E at 145°F [63°C] ASTM D 1499, ASTM G 152 ≥3,000 hr a After salt spray and ultraviolet light testing, reject the PVC coating if specific gravity changes more than 6%, tensile strength more than 25%, modulus of elasticity more than 25%, or resistance to abrasion more than 10%. b Reject the PVC coating if, after salt spray and ultraviolet light testing, the coating is cracked, blistere d, split, or shows color change. MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS 733. 01 757 SECTION 733 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS
733.01 Cast Iron Water Pipe , Fittings, Valves, Etc
A.Materials Covered Provide cast iron water pipe, fittings, valves, valve boxes, fire hydrants, and jointing materials for construction, extension, or repairs of cast iron water lines in accordance with the local municipalities’ requirements. When no municipality requirement s are applicable, provide cast iron water pipe, fittings, valves, valve boxes, fire hydrants, and jointing materials in accordance with Subsection 733.01.B, C, D, E, F, G, and H.
B.Pipes
1.Cast Iron Water Pipe Provid e 18 ft [5.49 m] or 20 ft [6.10 m] long cast iron pipes. Provide cast iron pipes with a class 22 thickness for diameters from 3 in [76.2 mm] to 12 in [304.8 mm], and a class 24 thickness for diameters greater than 12 in [304.8 mm] in accordance with ASTM A716. Ensure the pipes have an 18/40 iron strength. Provide 2 in [50.8 mm] and 2¼ in [57.2 mm] cast iron pipe in accordance with ASTM A716 Provide in 12 ft [3.66 m], 18 ft [5.49 m], or 20 ft [6.10 m] long lengths of pipe.
2.Ductile Iron Water Pipe Provide ductile iron in accordance with AWWA C 151/A21.51 -09.
C.Fittings Provide and test cast iron fittings in accordance with AWWA C 110/A21.10 -12 standards for 2 in [50.8 mm] through 48 in [1,219 mm] pipe with a pressure rating of 250 psi [1.72 MPa].
D.Valves
1.Gate Valves Provide gate valves in accordance with AWWA C 500. Provide gate valves with the following characteristics: Double disc parallel seats, Non -rising stem, Vertical mounting, O-ring stem seal, Counterclockwise opening, and Push -on mechanical, bell and spigot, or flanged ends to fit the pipe or fittings. Provide Crane, Darling, Ludlow -Rensselaer, M & H, Mueller, A.P. Smith, or an equivalent gate valve approved by the Engineer.
Source: Oklahoma Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 761–770 of 935.