GABIONS AND REVETMENT MATTRESSES 602.01 535 Wet the stones immediately after placement. Fill the spaces between the stones with grout, working from bottom to top. Sweep the surface with a stiff broom. Do not grout the riprap at temperatures below 32 °F [0 °C]. In hot, dry weather, protect the work from the sun and keep moist for at least 3 days after grouting. Grout shall consist of one part portland cement and 3 parts fine aggregate by volume, mixed with water. The Department will allow re -tempering of grout, as long as the grout has not initially set as determined by the Engineer. 601.0 5 METHOD OF MEASUREMEN T The Resident Engineer will not include the area of laps in the measurement of Filter Fabric (Riprap) .
601.06 Basis of Payment
The Department will pay for each pay item at the contract unit price per the specified pay unit as follows : Pay Item: Pay Unit:
A.TYPE I PLAIN RIPRAP Ton [Metric Ton]
B.TYPE I PLAIN RIPRAP WITH FILTER BLANKET Ton [Metric Ton]
C.TYPE II SPECIAL PLAIN RIPRAP Ton [Metric Ton]
D.TYPE II SPECIAL PLAIN RIPRAP WITH FILTER BLANKET Ton [Metric Ton]
E.TYPE III LAID UP PLAIN RIPRAP Square Yard [Square Meter]
F.TYPE IV GROUTED RIPRAP Square Yard [Square Meter]
602.01 Description
This work consists of providing and placing stone -filled wire -mesh baskets and plastic filter fabric for retaining embankments and controlling erosion. Gabion. Square or rectangular wire -mesh basket with a thickness of at least 1 ft [0.3 m], filled with hard, durable stone. Revetment Mattress. Rectangular wire -mesh basket with a maximum thickness of 1 ft [0.3 m].
602.04 Gabions and Revetment Mattresses
536 602.02 MATERIALS
A.Material Requirements Provide materials in accordance with the following subsections: Material: Subsection: Filter Sand 703.06 Filter Fabric 712.02 Wire Baskets 732.09 Cubical Stone for Gabions and Revetment Mattresses 713.03
B.Basket Requirements Provide twisted wire -mesh baskets, unless otherwise sh own on the Plans. Supply gabion baskets for twisted wire -mesh baskets with maximum nominal mesh openings of 3 in × 4 in [75 mm × 100 mm], and revetment mattress baskets with maximum nominal mesh openings of 2½ in × 3 in [63 mm × 75 mm]. Supply gabion baske ts for welded wire -mesh baskets with maximum nominal mesh openings of 1½ in × 3 in [38 mm × 75 mm] and revetment mattress baskets with maximum nominal mesh openings of 1½ in × 3 in [38 mm × 75 mm]. Provide the same mesh style for all panels (sides and diap hragms) of the baskets. Assemble baskets to ensure each panel meets the strength and flexibility requirements in accordance with Subsection 732.09, “Wire Baskets for Gabions and Revetment Mattresses.” Construct basket s with height, width, and length within 5 percent of the dimensions shown on the Plans. Install diaphragms that equally divide each gabion or revetment mattress into cells. Ensure the length of the diaphragm does not exceed one and one -half times the wid th of the gabion base or the horizontal width of the revetment mattress. Provide the same material for diaphragms as provided for the basket body. Secure diaphragms to the base.
602.03 Equipment — Vacant
602.04 Construction Methods
A.Technical Supervision Ensure an experienced on -site technical representative from the basket manufacturer is present when construction begins. The representative must be available as needed for consultation during gabion or revetment mattress construction.
B.Found ation Preparation Place baskets on a smooth excavation extending to the limits shown on the Plans or directed by the Resident Engineer. Remove loose or unsuitable materials. Fill depressions to grade with suitable materials from Department -approved sourc es and compact to a density equal to the adjacent in -situ material. The Resident Engineer will inspect the prepared surface before allowing the Contractor to proceed with subsequent construction. GABIONS AND REVETMENT MATTRESSES 602.04 537 C. Filter Sand Placement Spread uniformly filter sand on th e prepared foundation surface, ensuring that segregation of the filter sand does not occur. Repair damage to the foundation surface during filter sand placement. Compact and finish filter sand to an even surface.
D.Filter Fabric Placement Place filter f abric as shown on the Plans. Lay the fabric without folds, wrinkles, or creases, and do not stretch. Overlap strips at adjacent and end -of-roll joints at least 2 ft [0.6 m]. Stagger overlaps at end -of-roll joints at least 5 ft [1.5 m]. Use full rolls to minimize the number of end -of-roll laps. Place the uphill or upstream layer of a lap on top. Secure the top end of the fabric to prevent displacement. If using securing pins, place the pins in the adjacent joints, spaced on 10 ft [3 m] centers. Place s ecuring pins through both fabric strips near the overlap midpoint. The Resident Engineer will reject filter fabric with defects or damage. Repair torn or punctured fabric by covering the area with a layer of fabric that extends at least 2 ft [0.6 m] beyon d the damaged area. Wrap fabric in a heavy -duty covering during shipment and storage to protect the filter fabric from the following: Temperatures greater than 140 °F [60 °C], Direct sunlight, Ultraviolet rays, Mud, Dirt, Dust, and Debris. Cover the filter fabric within 3 days of installation. Replace filter fabric uncovered or unprotected after 3 days, at no additional cost to the Department.
E.Connections Use the following methods to connect gabions or revetment mattresses. If Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) coating is required by the Contract, use PVC -coated or stainless steel connections.
1.3/32 in (2.2 mm) Tie Wire If using 3/32 in [2.2 mm] tie wire as the joint connection material, assemble the vertical edges of the adjacent gabion panels, forming groups of empty gabions.
a.Twisted -Wire Mesh Construct the joint using a single loop -double loop lacing pattern (locked loops) of 3/32 in [2.2 mm] tie wire at nominal spacing of 6 in [150 mm]. Avoid using simple spiraling (looping without locking) of the wire.
602.04 Gabions and Revetment Mattresses
538 (b) Welded -Wire Mesh Construct the joint using alternating single and double half -hitches (locked loops) in every mesh opening along the joint. Securely fasten lacing wire terminals.
2.Spiral Binders If using spiral binders with 7/32 in [5.5 mm] wire or larger, rotate spiral binders into position so that it passes through each mesh opening along the joint. Wrap both ends of the spiral binders at least 2 times around the mesh to secure the spiral. Place continuous, successive loops of spiral bind ers 3 in [75 mm] apart. Do not use spiral binders after placing stone in the baskets.
3.Interlocking Rings (Tiger Tites) Use one interlocking ring in every mesh opening and lock the rings for gabions and revetment mattresses.
4.Overlapping Rings (Spena x Fasteners) Use overlapping rings if a 1 in [25 mm] lap can be consistently obtained. Install one ring in each mesh opening. Maintain the minimum, manufacturer -recommended air pressure in the gun used to close the overlapping rings.
5.Alternative Fast eners Use alternative fasteners with strengths of at least 1,400 lb/ft [20 kN/m] for galvanized gabions, 1,250 lb/ft [18 kN/m] for PVC gabions, and 800 lb/ft [12 kN/m] for revetment mattresses. Space the connections to prevent gaps exceeding 2 in [50 mm] between baskets when tested for connection tensile strength. Use fasteners that do not damage the wire’s protective coating.
F.Assembly and Installation
1.General Place the assembled empty baskets on the prepared surface. Place the front row of basket s first, and continue placing successive rows of baskets toward the top of the slope. Ensure creases are in the correct position, and the top of each side is level. Install the baskets and avoid gaps between baskets when completed. Connect adjoining bas kets in the same row before filling with stone. Avoid moving baskets after filling with stone. Connect adjacent rows of baskets along all contacting edges.
2.Installing Connections Make connections by joining selvage wire to selvage wire, selvage wire to edge wire, or selvage wire to mesh. Use mesh -to-mesh connections only if one of the previous connections is not possible. Avoid using alternative fasteners (spiral binders, interlocking rings, or overlapping rings) to close stone -filled basket lids unl ess approved by the Resident Engineer. (The Resident Engineer may grant approval if the alternative fasteners can be installed on a stone -filled basket without stretching the basket or damaging the protective coating.) GABIONS AND REVETMENT MATTRESSES 602.04 539 (3) Stone -Filling Fill baskets with stone by hand or machine. If using machines, arrange the stones by hand to minimize voids. Avoid damaging the wire coating. Maintain basket alignment throughout the filling process. Correct bulges in the mesh before continuing to fill the baskets. Fil l with stone layers no greater than 1 ft [0.3 m]. Fill cells no higher than 1 ft [0.3 m] above the stone elevations in adjacent cells. Use care in placing stones in baskets; drop stones into the baskets from no higher than 3 ft [1 m]. Along exposed faces, arrange the stone by hand to ensure a neat and compact appearance. Uniformly overfill gabions and revetment mattresses by 1½ in [38 mm]. Allow for the proper closing of the lid, and provide an even, uniform surface. Do not under -fill gabions and revetme nt mattresses.
4.Connecting Wires Place two uniformly spaced internal connecting wires between each stone layer for gabion baskets higher than 2 ft [0.6 m] and with exposed faces. Connect the back and the front faces of each basket. Loop connecting wir es around two mesh openings or a single welded -wire joint on each basket face. Securely twist the wire terminals.
5.Basket Lids Stretch each lid over the stone fill until the lid meets the edges of the panels using a lid closing tool. Avoid using crowbars or other single -point leverage bars to close the lid. Secure the lid with lacing wire or wire fasteners along the edges, ends, and internal -cell diaphragms. Bend wire ends into the baskets.
6.Partial Baskets Cut, fold, and re -wire partial bask ets to address site conditions. Fold the mesh back and wire to the adjacent basket face. Assemble, install, fill, close the lid, and lace the reshaped partial basket in accordance with Subsections 602.04.F (1 ) through 602.04.F (5) .
7.PVC Coated Baskets Do not install PVC coated materials until the ambient air temperature and the temperature of the PVC materials are at least 15 °F [8 °C] above the brittleness temperature o f the PVC materials.
G.Backfilling Backfill behind the gabions in accordance with Subsection 202.04.B, “Embankments.”
H.Retaining Walls Construct retaining walls on a 6 to 10 percent batter as shown on the Plans. O verlap vertical joints and offset horizontal joints in each successive layer.
603.02 Steel Jetty Bank Protection
540 602.05 METHOD OF MEASUREMEN T — VACANT
602.06 Basis of Payment
The Department will pay for each pay item at the contract unit price per the specified pay unit as follows: Pay Item: Pay Unit:
A.GABIONS Cubic Yard [Cubic Meter]
B.REVETMENT MATTRESSES Square Yard [Square Meter]
C.FILTER FABRIC Square Yard [Square Meter] The Department will consider the cost of stone fill and filter sand for gabions and revetment mattresses to be included in the contract unit price for Gabions and Revetment Mattresses . Unless otherwise indicated include the cost of backfill for gabions to be included in the contract unit price for Gabions . SECTION 603 STEEL JETTY BANK PROTECTION
603.01 Description
This work consists of placing steel jetty bank protection. This consists of a mainline jetty with or without back -up jetties as shown on the Plans. The jetties consist of steel jacks connected by steel cables or reinforcing bars to a deadman anchor. The Department will establish the length of mainline and back up jetties and the distance be tween lines of jetties as shown on the Plans. The Resident Engineer may direct changes to the lengths and locations of jetties, if erosive conditions have altered the landscape and rendered the Plan design ineffective.
603.02 Materials
A.Steel Jack Provide steel jacks consisting of the following: Three new structural steel angles, 4 in × 4 in × ¼ in × 192 in [100 mm × 100 mm × 6 mm × 4,800 mm]; Six high strength bolts with hexagon heads and nuts, ½ in × 1½ in [13 mm × 38 mm]; and No. 6 double -anneale d smooth -wire lacing.
B.Steel Cable Provide used -steel oil -field cable that has been, inspected, respooled, and oil -treated. Ensure the steel cable has a diameter of at least ⅞ in [22.2 mm], or provide reinforcing steel bars of at least ¾ in [19 mm] in d iameter and cable clamps for fastening.
Source: Oklahoma Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 549–553 of 935.