736.02 Pavement Markers
776 The percent effective calcium carbonate equivalent, and The name and address of the manufact urer, producer, or distributor. The Resident Engineer will take a 1 qt [1 L] sample from each vehicle load for testing by the Department's Materials Laboratory.
735.07 Temporary Silt Dike Materials
Provide a triangular -shaped temporary silt dike with a hei ght in the center from 8 in [200 mm] to 10 in [250 mm], equal length sides, and a base from 16 in [400 mm] to 20 in [500 mm]. Ensure the outer cover is a woven geotextile fabric that extends from 24 in [600 mm] to 36 in [900 mm] beyond both triangle sides . Provide mildew resistant, rot -proof, ultraviolet radiation resistant geotextile fabric in accordance with AASHTO M 288. Treat the edges to prevent unraveling and to reinforce seams and stress points. Ensure the fabric cover and apron consist of a cont inuous fabric wrapping and the apron is a continuous extension of the upstream face. Use urethane foam as the inner layer of the silt dike in accordance with ASTM D3574.
735.08 Water
Provide water free of harmful quantities of toxic salts and other substa nces that may damage new and existing plants on the project.
736.01 Class A Reflective P Avement Markers
A.Design and Shape Provide Group 1, Class 3, prismatic reflectorized markers of the size and shape shown on the Plans, smooth, and molded of methyl methacrylate in accordance with ASTM D788 and Federal Specification L-P-380a, Type 1, Class 3. Ensure moisture and road grime will not damage markers, and the shape and color do not chang e when subjected to Test Method OHD L-24 at 140°F [60°C]. Provide markers with a strong, resilient, potting compound filler that is capable of withstanding a load of 9,000 lb [40 kN] without breaking or deforming when tested in accordance with Test Method OHD L-23.
B.Reflector Ensure the specific intensity of the reflector is in accordance with ASTM D4383.
736.02 Class B Non -Reflecti Ve Pavement Markers
A.Design and Shape Provide uniformly curved, dome -shaped traffic buttons for Class B non -reflective pav ement markers. Ensure the top and sides are smooth and uniform in color. Ensure the bottom is rough and free of substances that may reduce the adhesive bond. PAVEMENT MARKERS 736.02 777 Provide non -reflective markers from ⅝ in to ¾ in [15.9 mm to 19.1 mm] high and with a base diame ter from 3⅞ in to 4⅛ in [98.4 mm to 104.8 mm]. Ensure the base deviates from a plane by no more than 1/16 in [1.6 mm].
B.Physical Requirements Provide a button with no greater than 1.0 percent water absorption when tested in accordance with ASTM C 373. Ensure the glazed button surface does not craze, spall, or peel when subjected to one cycle of the autoclave test at 250 psi [1.72 MPa] in accordance with ASTM C 424. Provide a random sample of five buttons for compressive load testing and ensure the follow ing characteristics: An internal diameter of 3 in [76.2 mm], and a wall thickness of ¼ in [6.4 mm]. The sample averages a compressive strength of at least 1,500 lb [6.67 kN]. Each button has a compressive strength of at least 1,200 lb [5.34 kN]. The button is centered, base down, over the open end of a 1 in [25.4 mm] high, vertical, hollow, metal cylinder. The button breaks under a 1 in [25.4 mm] diameter solid metal cylinder centered above the button and moving at 0.2 in/min [5.1 mm/min]. The Engineer wi ll reject the lot if re -samples fail. Provide a random sample of five buttons for impact resistance testing and ensure the following characteristics: Buttons are heat -aged at least 10 days at 150°F [65.6°C] before testing for impact resistance. The impact tests occurs from 40°F to 45°F [4.4°C to 7.2°C]. The button rests on, but is not bonded to, a flat steel plate. The button does not break, chip, or crack under the impact of a 1 lb [454 g] steel ball falling freely from a height of 24 in [610 mm]. If a sam ple fails the impact resistance test, test five additional buttons. The Resident Engineer will reject the lot if re samples fail.
C.Color Provide buttons of a uniform color as shown on the Plans, determined by visually comparing them with calibrated stan dards in accordance with CIE Chromaticity and Federal Test Method TT -T-141, Method 4252, falling in an area with corner points in accordance with Table 736:1: Table 736:1 Corner Points Color 1 2 3 4 Brightness, % MgO X Y X Y X Y X Y White 0.29 0.316 0.31 0.296 0.33 0.321 0.31 0.342 ≥80 Yellow 0.47 0.46 0.515 0.485 0.545 0.455 0.49 0.425 ≥40
736.03 Pavement Markers
778 D. Glaze Thickness Ensure the glazed surface has an average thickness of at least 0.005 in [125 µm] when measured at least ¼ in [6.4 mm] away from the button edge. Measure the glaze thickness with a calibrated scale microscope on a fractured edge of the button to the nearest 0.001 in [25 µm].
736.03 Class C Reflective A Ll-Weather Pavement Markers
A.Design and Shape Provide pavement markers that are an iron casting to which replaceable prismatic reflectors are attached. Ensure markers have the following characteristics: The front portions are shaped to deflect snowplow blades and highway maintenance equipment without snag damages. The bottom of the casting i ncorporates anchoring devices that fit into slots or grooves cut in the roadway. The marker bonds to the roadway pavement with an approved adhesive, anchored so traffic, snowplows, and highway maintenance equipment will not dislodge it. The casting is desi gned so the reflector -mounting surface is 30° to the horizontal and contain provisions for attaching replaceable reflectors. Reflectors can be quickly and easily replaced using common hand tools without disturbing the anchorage. The marker can withstand a load of 9,000 lb [40.0 kN] without breaking or being deformed when tested in accordance with OHD L-23.
B.Casting Provide markers, cast to conform to the shape and dimensions shown on the Plans, clean and free of defects. Ensure smooth marker surfaces fre e from burnt -on sand. Ensure runners, risers, fins, and other cast -on pieces are ground smooth. Ensure corners and edges exposed to traffic are rounded. Provide castings of ductile iron, Grade 65-45-12, in accordance with ASTM A 536, unless otherwise required by the Contract. Ensure the forward rail tops have a hardness from 50 HRC to 55 HRC when tested in accordance with ASTM E 18.
C.Reflector Provide Group 1, Class 3, marker reflectors made of methyl methacrylate in accordance with ASTM D 788, of the shape and dimensions shown on the Plans, and ensure marker reflectors prevent moisture and road grime from penetrating or causing damage. Ensure the reflector does not change shape or color when tested in accordance with OHD L-24 at 140°F [60°C] with the marker in a vertical position. Ensure the specific intensity of the reflector is in accordance with ASTM D 4383. PAVEMENT MARKERS 736.04 779 736.04 ADHESIVES FOR USE WI TH PAVEMENT MARKERS
A.Epoxy Resin Adhesives Provide epoxy resin adhesives for securing Class A, Class B, and Class C pavement markers to the roadway in accordance with Subsection 701.12, “Epoxy Resin and Other Adhesives for General Use with Concrete,” Type C.
B.Bituminous Type Hot -Melt Adhesives Provide bituminous hot -melt adhesiv e to secure the Class A and Class B construction zone pavement markers and tube channelizers to the roadway surface.
1.Description Provide an adhesive for bonding ceramic and plastic markers to portland cement concrete (PCC), asphalt concrete, and chip -sealed road surfaces, and when road surface and marker temperatures are from 40°F to 160°F [4°C to 70°C]. Ensure the composition of the adhesive prevents deterioration when heated and applied at temperatures up to 430°F [220°C], using air or oil-jacketed m elters.
2.Materials For the adhesive, provide an asphalt material with a homogeneous mineral filler in accordance with Table 736:2: Table 736:2 Adhesive Properties Property Value Test Softening point ≥200°F [93.3°C] ASTM D 36 Penetration 10 – 20 ASTM D 5 Flow ≤0.2 in [5.1 mm] ASTM D 5329 a Heat stability flow ≤0.2 in [5.1 mm] Subsection 736.04.B(3)(b), "Heat Stability Flow" Viscosity ≤7.5 Pa•s ASTM D 2669 b Flash point, COC ≥500°F [260°C] ASTM D 92 a As modified in accordance with Subsection 736.04.B(3)(a), "Flow." b As modified in accordance with Subsection 736.04.B(3)(c), "Viscosity." The asphalt properties in Table 736:3 are determined on the filler -free material derived from the extraction and Abson recovery process:
736.04 Pavement Markers
780 Table 736:3 Asphalt Properties Property Value Test Penetration, 100 g, 5 sec, 77°F [25°C] ≥25 ASTM D 5 Viscosity, 275°F [135°C] ≥1.2 Pa•s ASTM D 2171 Viscosity ratio, 275°F [135°C] ≤2.2 Subsection 736.04.B(3)(e), "Viscosity Ratio" The filler properties specified in Table 736:4 are determined using the filler separation technique: Table 736:4 Filler Properties Property Value Test Filler content, % 50 – 75 Subsection 736.04.B(3)(f), "Filler Content" Filler fineness, % — ASTM C 430 a 45 µm ≥75 75 µm ≥95 150 µm ≥100 a As modified in accordance with Subsection 736.04.B(3)(g), "Filler Fineness."
3.Test Methods
a.Flow Determine flow in accordance with ASTM D5329, Section 6, except use an oven temperature from 158°F ±2°F [70°C ±1°C]. Prepare samples in accordance with ASTM D 5, Section 7.1.
b.Heat Stability Flow Determine heat stability flow in accordance with flow test methods, except, place 2 lb [1,000 g] of adhesive in a covered liter can, heat the adhesive to 430°F [220°C], and maintained the temperature for 4 hr before preparing the sample panel.
c.Viscosity Determine viscosity in accordance with ASTM D2669, except, heat the adhesive to 410°F [210°C], and allow it to cool. Provide a spindle speed of 1.88 rad/s to determine viscosity at temperatures from 400°F ±1°F [204.4°C ±0.6°C] in accordance with ASTM D2669.
d.Base Asphalt Properties Provide the material obtained from the following extraction and Abson recovery methods to determine the properties of the base asphalt. PAVEMENT MARKER S 736.04 781 Extract the asphalt by heating the adhesive until it flows easily. Remove extracted asphalt from the adhesive and mix from 125 g to 150 g with 400 mL of trichloroethylene. Ensure the temperature of the trichloroethylene is from 125°F to 150°F [5 2°C to 66°C]. Stir the mixture to dissolve the asphalt. Decant the mixture and recover the asphalt using the Abson recovery methods in accordance with ASTM D 1856, except as modified by the following: The extraction methods of ASTM D3176, D3180 do not ap ply. Do not filter the solvent -asphalt solution. Centrifuge the solution for at least 30 min at 770 times gravity in a batch centrifuge. Decant the solution into the distillation flask, excluding filler sediment. Apply heat, and bubble carbon dioxide slowl y to bring the solution temperature to 300°F [149°C]. Increase the carbon dioxide flow to 800 mL/min to 900 mL/min. Maintain the solution temperature from 320°F to 335°F [160°C to 168°C] with this carbon dioxide flow rate for at least 20 min and until the trichloroethylene vapors are absent from the distillation flask. Repeat the extraction -recovery method as necessary to obtain the desired quantity of asphalt. Use the recovered asphalt to determine penetration, 275°F [135°C] viscosity, and 275°F [135°C] vi scosity ratio.
e.Viscosity Ratio Determine the 275°F [135°C] viscosity ratio by comparing the 275°F [135°C] viscosity on the base asphalt before and after the thin -film oven test. Perform the thin -film oven test in accordance with ASTM D 1754. Determin e the specific gravity by pycnometer in accordance with ASTM D 70 for the thin-film oven test. Calculate the 275°F [135°C] viscosity ratio by dividing the viscosity after the thin -film oven test by the original 275°F [135°C] viscosity.
f.Filler Content Separate the filler material from the asphalt to determine filler content and fineness. The portion by mass of the adhesive insoluble in trichloroethylene is considered the filler content. Determine filler content by placing from 9 g to 11 g of solid adh esive into a centrifuge flask with 100 mL capacity in accordance with ASTM D1796. Break the adhesive into small pieces, and add 50 mL of trichloroethylene. Stir with a fine rod without losing solids, place the sample flask in a balanced centrifuge, and s pin using a relative centrifugal force (rcf) of at least 150, in accordance with Section 6 of ASTM D1796, for 10 min. Remove the sample flask. Decant the solvent without losing solids. Repeat the solvent application and centrifuging until the solvent becomes clear and the filler is visually free of asphalt. Dry the filler at 160°F ±5°F [71°C ±3°C] to remove solvent and determine the mass of the resulting filler. Filter the decanted solvent to verify there is no loss of filler. Calculate the percent fi ller using the following equation: 100)/( OAF FC Where
737.02 Concrete Surface Finish for Structures
FC = Filler content, percent; F = Weight of filler; and OA = Weight of original adhesive.
g.Filler Fineness Determine filler fineness in accordance with ASTM C 430 using No. 325 [45 µm], No. 200 [75 µm], and No. 100 [150 µm] sieves. Modify this method with a water -soluble, non -toxic wetting agent. Ensure the concentration of the surfactant solution is 1 percent by mass. Wet the 1 g dry sample in the surfactant solution. Allow the sample to soak for 30 min. Transfer the filler into the sieve cup. Apply the filler for 2 min by water -spraying. Add the surfactant solution as needed to disperse clumped particles. Dry and handl e the sample in accordance with ASTM C 430.
4.Packaging and Labeling Provide adhesive packaged in self -releasing, stackable cardboard containers. Ensure containers have a maximum net weight of 120 lb [54.4 kg]. Ensure the label shows the manufacturer, quantity, and lot or batch number with “bituminous adhesive for traffic markers” printed in bold lettering. SECTION 737 CONCRETE SURFACE FINISH FOR STRUCTURES
737.01 Option I — Heavy Cem Ent Ba Se Mortar
A.Materials Provide a heavy cement base, packaged in dry powder form, for mixing with water. Provide a plaster mix for plaster gun application and a brush and float mix for brush and float application. Provide a formulation of acrylic polymers and modifiers in liquid form as an additive with portland cement mixes to ensure adhesion.
B.Proportioning and Consistency Proportion the bonding agent and water in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Give the Resident Engineer a copy of the recommendations.
737.02 Option Ii — Paint Ty Pe Spray Finish
A.Materials Provide material for paint spray finish that is a textured commercial product designed as a spray finish.
B.Testing and Certification Brand products not included on the Materials Division approved product list may be qualified by submitting a Type A certification and samples for durability and appearance evaluations. The
Source: Oklahoma Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 790–795 of 935.