735.01 Material for Roadside Development and Erosion Control
766 SECTION 735 MATERIAL FOR ROADSIDE DEVELOPMENT AND EROSION CONTROL
735.01 Sodding and Spriggin G Materials
A.General Provide a dense source of Bermuda grass sod or sprigs with a deep -rooted stand on fertile topsoil. Ensure the source for sod and sprigs is free of weeds classified as “Prohibited Noxious” and legally “Restricted Noxious” plant materials in accordance with Oklahoma Department of Agriculture Seed Law. The Resident Engineer must approve the source of sod or sprigs before beginning sodding or sprigging operations. Before approval, do not mow or till the area. After approval, mow vegetative growth higher than 3 in [75 mm] and remove the residue before harvesting the sod or sprigs. Keep the sod or sprigs moist from excavating at the source until planting . Discard dry sod.
B.Sodding Sodding consists of Bermuda grass vegetative parts (rhizomes, stolons, and roots) with an appreciable quantity of adhering soil.
1.Solid Slab Sod Provide solid slab sod in rectangular slabs of Bermuda grass with dimensions as shown on the Plans. Ensure Bermuda grass vegetative parts exist throughout the slab and come from soils with a Plasticity Index of at least 3. Provide slabs of dense vegetative growth capable of being transported in their original state.
2.Mulch Sod Provide mulch sod consisting of fertile topsoil with Bermuda grass vegetative parts not harvested within the previous 12 months. Before excavation, disk the sod in different directions to the excavation depth. Make each pass of the disk at right angles to the preceding pass until the Bermuda grass vegetative parts are cut into small pieces. Excavate to 6 in [150 mm] or less, immediately after disking.
C.Sprigging Sprigging consists of Bermuda grass vegetative parts separated from the adhering soil. Rem ove sprigs for row and broadcast sprigging with an automatic sprig harvester that digs, cleans, and loads the sprigs in one continuous operation. Use a vehicle with closed sides to transport sprigs. Wet and cover the sprigs to reduce moisture loss after l oading the vehicle. Keep the sprigs covered until planting. Plant sprigs within 48 hr of harvesting. MATERIAL FOR ROADSIDE DEVELOPMENT AND EROSION CONTROL 735.02 767 735.02 PLANTING MATERIALS
A.Plant Materials Refer to ANSI Z-60.1, Nursery Stock for grading tolerances, quality definitions, balling and burlapping spec ifications, container, and plant material bare -root requirements, except as modified by the following: Unless otherwise required by the Contract, provide healthy, nursery -grown plant materials representative of the normal species with a developed root syst em. Provide well branched and symmetrical trees with straight stems in accordance with their natural growth habits. Ensure the branch system is free of disfiguring knots, sun scald damage, bark abrasions, dead or dry wood, and broken terminal growth. The Department considers nursery grown stock to be plants that are grown using cultural treatment and are transplanted or root pruned at least two times in accordance with nursery practices. Provide evergreens that are balled and burlapped (B&B), or in a cont ainer. Provide deciduous plants that are bare -rooted (BR), B&B, or in a container. Ensure B&B plants have solid, firm balls, dug from firm non -sandy soil. Substitute collected plants with written approval from the Resident Engineer. Ensure a Resident Engineer -approved nursery digs up the collected plants. Notify the Resident Engineer in writing at least 2 weeks before digging collected plants for inspection. Provide materials, equipment, labor, and incidentals for substituting nursery grown plants with collected plants at no additional cost to the Department. Ensure the collected plant root spread and ball size is at least 33 percent greater than the substituted nursery -grown plant, in accordance with ANSI Z -60.1. Pack plants to protect them against dam age during transit. Keep BR plant roots moist. The Resident Engineer may inspect plant materials for provisional approval at any point during the duration of the Contract. Tag plant materials with names and sizes at the time of delivery. Provide the Resi dent Engineer with a written statement that includes shipment origin and an invoice showing quantities, sizes, varieties, and inspection certificates, in accordance with federal and state laws, certifying the plant is free of disease and insects.
B.Planting Soil Mix Provide planting soil mix containing one part sand, three parts sandy loam, and one part peat moss, by volume. Provide these materials in accordance with the following: Sand. Soil material containing at least 85 percent sand, by weight [mass]. Ensure the combined percent of silt and one and one -half times the clay is 15 percent or less of the total weight [mass]. Sand includes coarse, fine, and very fine sand. Sandy Loam. Sandy loam is soil material that meets one of the following crit eria:
735.03 Material for Roadside Development and Erosion Control
768 Contains 20 percent or less clay by weight [mass]; the silt percentage plus two times the clay percentage is greater than 30 percent; and contains at least 52 percent sand by weight [mass]. Contains less than 7 percent clay, less than 50 percent silt , and from 43 to 50 percent sand (all percentages by weight [mass]). Peat Moss. Material containing at least 75 percent partially decomposed stems and leaves of mosses (e.g. sphagnum, hypnum, polytrichum) in which the fibrous and cellular structure is reco gnizable. Ensure the peat moss is a brown to black color. The Department will not allow humus peat. Provide peat moss with the following characteristics: Moisture content of less than 60 percent by weight [mass]; Ash content of less than 20 percent, bas ed on the oven dry weight [mass] of the material; A pH value from 3.2 to 7.0 at 77°F [25°C]; and A water holding capacity of at least 400 percent by weight [mass], on an oven dry basis. Submit to the Resident Engineer a certificate stating the peat moss ty pe, brand name, and place of origin. Ensure the certificate contains the volume (cubic feet [cubic meter]) of compressed material, the compression ratio, and the weight per cubic foot [mass per cubic meter]. The Department will not require a certificate for bales marked with this information. Blend the materials until homogenous in texture and composition in accordance with U.S Department of Agriculture Soil Classifications and the OHD Manuals of Engineering Classification of Geological Material , R&D Divi sion. Provide planting soil mix that is free of materials that interfere with planting procedures and maintenance, toxic salts, and materials that retard establishment or interfere with growth. Ensure the mix does not contain reproducing weed parts classi fied as “Prohibited Noxious” or legally “Restricted Noxious” plant materials in accordance with Oklahoma Department of Agriculture Seed Law. Stockpile and mix the planting soil materials at a location approved by the Resident Engineer.
C.Organic Mulch Provide organic mulch free of reproducing weed parts classified as “Prohibited Noxious” or legally “Restricted Noxious” plant materials in accordance with Oklahoma Department of Agriculture Seed Law. Allowable mulch includes cottonseed hulls, partially decay ed and chopped cotton burrs, peat moss, chopped peanut hulls, pine straw, wood chips, pecan shells, compost, or a combination of these items.
735.03 Seeding Materials
Provide seed in accordance with Table 735:1 , “Seed Specifications.” If mixtures are show n on the Plans, provide each seed lot in a separate, sealed bag. Ensure the labels, required by applicable laws, are intact and legible. Submit to the Resident Engineer two legible copies of the invoices and seed tags. Ensure the invoice identifies each species name, variety, and treatment. Ensure the Oklahoma State Board of Agriculture samples and tests each lot within 9 months before delivery. Submit to the Resident Engineer two copies of the report. MATERIAL FOR ROADSIDE DEVELOPMENT AND EROSION CONTROL 735.03 769 The Resident Engineer will accept seed lots if the seed report correlates with the seed tags of the same lot number. Remove the seed and tags from the original tagged and sealed bag when approved by the Resident Engineer. After approval, mix, sack, and batch the seed as required by the Contract. Tag the seed with identification and mass. Mix or sack into batches under the Resident Engineer’s supervision. Ensure the seeds do not contain Johnson grass seed. Table 735:1 Seed Specifications Seed Type PLS Indexa, minimum %, minimum Purity Germination Weed Seeds Bermuda grass: Common (Cynodon dactylon) Unhulled 80 — — 0.2 Hulled 82 — — 0.2 Guymon variety (Cynodon dactylon): Unhulled 80 — — 2 Hulled 82 — — 2 Bluestem: Big (Andropogon gerardi) b 20 — — — Caucasian (Andropogon caucasicus) 15 — — — Little (Andropogon scoparius) b 15 — — — Plains (Bothrichloa ischaemum) 30 — — 1 Sand (Andropogon halli) c 20 — — — Yellow (Andropogon ischaemum) 18 — — — Brome, smooth (Bromus inermis) 70 — — 2 Buffalo grass (Buchloe dactyloides) b,c 55 — — — Bur-clover (Medicago hispida, arabica or rigidula) — 98 85 1 Clover: Crimson (Trifolium incarnatum) — 95 85 0.5 Large hop (Trifolium procumbens) c — 95 85 0.5 Small hop (Trifolium dubium) c — 95 85 0.5 Drop seed, sand (Sporobolus cryptandrus) 70 — — 2 735.0 3 MATERIAL FOR ROADSIDE DEVELOPMENT AND EROSION CONTROL 770 Table 735:1 Seed Specifications Seed Type PLS Indexa, minimum %, minimum Purity Germination Weed Seeds Fescue, tall (Festuca arundinacea) 80 — — 0.5 Grama: Blue (Bouteloua gracilis) b 25 — — — Side -oats (Bouteloua curtipendula) b 30 — — — Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans) b 35 — — 2 Lespedeza: Common (Lespedeza striata) — 97 90 0.5 Korean (Lespedeza stipulacea) d — 97 90 0.5 Roundhead (Lespedeza capitata) — 97 90 0.5 Sericea (Lespedeza cuneata) d — 98 90 0.5 Love grass: Sand (Eragrostis trichodes) b 65 — — 0.5 Weeping (Eragrostis curvula) 80 — — 0.3 Millet, German foxtail (Setaria italica) — 98 80 0.5 Native grasses (Mostly little bluestem) b 15 — — — Oats (Avena sativa) — 95 80 0.5 Rye (Secale cereale) — 90 70 0.3 Ryegrass: Annual (Lolium multiflorum) 85 — — 0.2 Perennial (Lolium perenne) 85 — — 0.2 Sudan grass (Sorghum vulgare sudanense) — 98 80 0.5 Switch grass (Panicum virgatum) 60 — — 2 Wheat (Triticum aestivum) — 96 80 0.1 Wheat grass, western (Agropyron smithii) b 56 — — 1 a Calculate the Pure Live Seed (PLS) Index in accordance with the equations following Table 735:1. b The seed must come from Oklahoma, Texas, Kansas, or New Mexico. MATERIAL FOR ROADSIDE DEVELOPMENT AND EROSION CONTROL 735.04 771 Table 735:1 Seed Specifications Seed Type PLS Indexa, minimum %, minimum Purity Germination Weed Seeds c Provide seed that is pre -chilled and treated with potassium nitrate in accordance with the Hays Treatment Technique. d Treat the seed with a nitrogen fixing inoculant, manufactured by commercial laboratories for the legume. Store and handle the inoculant in accordance with the manufacturer’s directions. Calculate the PLS Index from information on the seed tag, in accordance with the following equation: 100) (FSGPPLSp where pPLS = PLS Ind ex of seed provided, P = Percent purity, G = Percent germination, and FS = Percent firm seed. The Department defines the weight [mass] of seed in pounds [kilograms] of bulk seed. If the PLS Index of a seed lot exceeds the minimum PLS Index, specified in Table 735:1, "Seed Specifications," by at least 25 percent, adju st the amount of bulk seed for planting using the following equation: pp r rPLSBS PLSBS where rBS = Weight [mass] of bulk seed required for planting, in pounds [kilograms], rPLS = PLS Index of seeds required in Table 735:1, "Seed Specifications," pBS = Weight [mass] of bulk seed required by the Contract, in pounds [kilograms], and pPLS = PLS Index of seed provided.
735.04 Mulching Materials
A.Vegetative Mulch Vegetative mulch consists of straw or hay in accordance with the following: Straw is the mature barley, oat, rye, or wheat stem. Hay is mature weeping love grass, caucasian bluestem, K.R. bluestem, or pure stands of the other bluestem hays . Ensure the hay is free of annual grass, short grass or immature tall grass. Provide well preserved vegetative mulch free of mold or rot, well preserved, and primarily long, heavy -stemmed material. Deliver the material in dry bales. Keep the material d ry until application.
735.04 Material for Roadside Development and Erosion Control
772 Ensure the mulch does not contain seeds classified as “Prohibited Noxious” and legally “Restricted Noxious” in accordance with the Oklahoma Department of Agriculture Seed Law.
B.Excelsior Mat Excelsior mat consists of a machine -prod uced wood excelsior mat, with interlocking fibers that form a continuous web. Ensure at least 80 percent of the fibers are at least 8 in [200 mm] long and the web is uniformly distributed throughout the mat, creating uniform thickness and density. Cover the mat on one side with extruded plastic netting with a mesh size no greater than 1 in × 2 in [25 mm × 50 mm]. Provide mats with the following dimensions: Length: at least 130 ft [45 m], Width: 48 in [1,220 mm], or from 59 in to 61 in [1,500 mm to 1,550 mm], and Dry mass per area: 0.8 lb/yd² [0.43 kg/m²]. Provide mat with smolder resistant, non -leaching treatment that will not harm vegetation, animals, and humans. Test for leaching resistance in accordance with Federal Test Method 191, Method 5830. Afte r the leaching test, conduct the smolder resistance test on the air -dried sample. Submit to the Resident Engineer a Type D certification for excelsior mat material. Anchor the mat using fasteners in accordance with Subsection 735.05.B, “Mat Fasteners.”
C.Jute Mesh Provide uniform, open, plain weave jute mesh made of new single jute yarn. Ensure that the yarn is loosely twisted and does not vary in thickness by more than half its normal diameter. Provide jute mesh w ith the following dimensions: Length: at least 150 ft [45 m], 78 Warp ends per width, 41 Weft ends per yard [meter], and Mass per area: at least 0.9 lb/yd² [0.49 kg/m²]. Anchor the mat using fasteners in accordance with Subsection 735.05.B, “Mat Fasteners.”
D.Excelsior Mulch Excelsior mulch consists of wood fibers cut from sound green timber. Make the cut at a slight angle to the natural wood grain so the fiber splinters when weather ed. Provide excelsior mulch with the following properties: Burred wood fibers 4 in [100 mm] long. Ensure the fiber is within 20 percent of 0.024 in [0.61 mm] × 0.031 in [0.79 mm]. Ensure the total volatile content at the time of manufacture does not exce ed 45 percent in accordance with the following equation: aba V100) ( Where V = Percent volatile content, MATERIAL FOR ROADSIDE DEVELOPMENT AND EROSION CONTROL 735.04 a = Weight [mass] of original sample, and b = Weight [mass] of dry sample. Deliver the material in bales from 80 lb [36 kg] to 90 lb [41 kg]. Tag each bale with the weight [mass] at the time of manufacture. Ensure the bale density is from 11 lb/ft³ [175 kg/m³] to 15 lb/ft³ [240 kg/m³].
E.Wood Cellulose Fiber Wood cellulose fiber consists of natural wood fiber produced from wood by -products. Ensure the wood cellulose fiber does not contain growth or germination inhibitors, and contains a water soluble, nontoxic coloring agent.
F.Nylon Erosion Control Mat Provide a nylon erosion control mat consisting of a bulky structure of entangled nylon monofilaments, melt -bonded at intersections, forming a stable mat. Submit to the Resident Engineer a Type D certification with each shipment. Anchor the mat using fasteners in accordance with Subsection 735.05.B, “Mat Fasteners.” Provide common Bermuda grass seed, un -hulled in accordance with Subsection 735.03, “Seeding Material.” Provide a resilient, permeable mat that resists environmental deterioration and ultraviolet degradation. Provide a black mat of Nylon 6 with at least 0.5 percent by weight [mass] carbon black with the following properties:
1.Physical Properties Filament diameter: 0.0157 in [0.40 mm], Mass per unit area: 0.747 lb/yd² [0.41 kg/m²], Thickness of mat: 0.71 in [18 mm], Width: 38.2 in [970 mm], and Roll length: from 105.7 yd [97 m] to 112.3 yd [103 m].
2.Tensile Properties Tensile strength length: at least 282 lb/yd [1,372 N/m], Width elongatio n: at least 161 lb/yd [783 N/m], Length direction: at least 50 percent, and Width direction: at least 50 percent. Modify the ASTM D 1682, D5034, D5035 strip test procedure to obtain filament bond strength for indicating tensile properties.
735.06 Material for Roadside Development and Erosion Control
774 (3) Resiliency Compression load cycling: 100 psi [689.4 kPa] on a 2 in [50.8 mm] × 2 in [50.8 mm] sample, Crosshead speed: 2 in/min [50.8 mm/min], and Recovery, 30 min (3 cycles): at least 80 percent.
G.Inspection of Materials Before delivery of the mulching material, provide the Resident Engineer with the following: Notification of the intended material sources and quantities, and Representative samples of the materials. The Resident Engineer may use the samples for provisional approval before delivery and will reject material with evidence of deterioration. The Resident Engineer will reject mulching material not applied or fastened, as required by the Contract, during application or after placement.
735.05 Mulch Fastening Mate Rials
A.Adhesive Fastener Provide adhesive fasteners in accordance with Section 708, “Plant Mix Bituminous Bases and Surfaces.”
B.Mat Fasteners Provide mat fasteners as shown on the Plans.
735.06 Fertilizer and Agric Ulture Liming Materi Als
A.Fertilizer Provide a commercial fertilizer consisting of the standard materials of the grade required by the Contract. Fertilizer grade refers to the percentage of total nitrogen, available phosphate, and soluble potash, in accordance with the Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food and Forestry. Provide fertilizer in standard, factory -sealed containers, labeled in accordance with the Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food and Forestry. Ensure the labels remain intact and legible until use of the contents. Ensur e two legible copies of the purchase receipt accompany each vehicle bulk load of fertilizer. Give the receipt to the Resident Engineer upon delivery. Ensure each receipt shows the mass, brand name, and the labeling requirements in accordance with Table 735:2, "Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food, and Forestry Label Requirements." Include the name and address of the person, firm, or corporation registering or guaranteeing the fertilizer. MATERIAL FOR ROADSIDE DEVELOPMENT AND EROSION CONTROL 735.06 775 Table 735:2 Oklahoma Department of Agriculture, Food, and Fo restry Label Requirements Requirement Example Grade “10-20-10” Derived from statement “Plant nutrients derived from urea, diammonium phosphate, and muriate of potash, magnesium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, iron oxide.” Directions for use Specify an application rate or include a statement to use in accordance with recommendations by a qualified institution or according to an approved plan. Manufacturer Company name and address Broadcast dry fertilizer in a pellet or other granular form. Ensure powder spray -applied material is soluble in water and uniform in suspension. The Department will allow a higher grade fertilizer with an identical NPK ratio. If using a higher grade fertilizer, adjust the application rate to provide an equivalent weight [mass] of each element per unit of area as that of the grade required by the Contract. Adjust the application rate of higher grade fertilizers using the following equation: dcba Where a = Adjusted application rate, b = Grade of fertilizer required by the Contract (NPK converted to decimal), c = Application rate of fertilizer grade required by the Contract, and d = Grade of higher grade fertilizer (NPK conv erted to decimal).
B.Agricultural Liming Material Agricultural liming material consists of agricultural limestone or hydrated lime in accordance with Section 706, “Lime.” If the Contract requires agricultural limestone, the Dep artment will allow the substitution of 100 lb [100 kg] of agriculture limestone with 70 lb [70 kg] of hydrated lime. If the Contract requires hydrated lime, the Department will not allow the substitution of hydrated lime with agricultural limestone. Provi de liming material in standard factory -sealed containers labeled in accordance with the Oklahoma Agricultural Liming Materials Act. Ensure two legible copies of the purchase receipt accompany each vehicle bulk load of liming material. Give the receipt to the Resident Engineer upon delivery. Ensure each receipt includes the following information: Liming material name, The brand or trade name, The net weight [mass],
736.02 Pavement Markers
776 The percent effective calcium carbonate equivalent, and The name and address of the manufact urer, producer, or distributor. The Resident Engineer will take a 1 qt [1 L] sample from each vehicle load for testing by the Department's Materials Laboratory.
735.07 Temporary Silt Dike Materials
Provide a triangular -shaped temporary silt dike with a hei ght in the center from 8 in [200 mm] to 10 in [250 mm], equal length sides, and a base from 16 in [400 mm] to 20 in [500 mm]. Ensure the outer cover is a woven geotextile fabric that extends from 24 in [600 mm] to 36 in [900 mm] beyond both triangle sides . Provide mildew resistant, rot -proof, ultraviolet radiation resistant geotextile fabric in accordance with AASHTO M 288. Treat the edges to prevent unraveling and to reinforce seams and stress points. Ensure the fabric cover and apron consist of a cont inuous fabric wrapping and the apron is a continuous extension of the upstream face. Use urethane foam as the inner layer of the silt dike in accordance with ASTM D3574.
735.08 Water
Provide water free of harmful quantities of toxic salts and other substa nces that may damage new and existing plants on the project. SECTION 736 PAVEMENT MARKERS
736.01 Class A Reflective P Avement Markers
A.Design and Shape Provide Group 1, Class 3, prismatic reflectorized markers of the size and shape shown on the Plans, smooth, and molded of methyl methacrylate in accordance with ASTM D788 and Federal Specification L-P-380a, Type 1, Class 3. Ensure moisture and road grime will not damage markers, and the shape and color do not chang e when subjected to Test Method OHD L-24 at 140°F [60°C]. Provide markers with a strong, resilient, potting compound filler that is capable of withstanding a load of 9,000 lb [40 kN] without breaking or deforming when tested in accordance with Test Method OHD L-23.
B.Reflector Ensure the specific intensity of the reflector is in accordance with ASTM D4383.
736.02 Class B Non -Reflecti Ve Pavement Markers
A.Design and Shape Provide uniformly curved, dome -shaped traffic buttons for Class B non -reflective pav ement markers. Ensure the top and sides are smooth and uniform in color. Ensure the bottom is rough and free of substances that may reduce the adhesive bond.
Source: Oklahoma Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 780–789 of 935.