230.03 Sodding and Sprigging
229.06 Basis of Payment
The Department will pay for each pay item at the contract unit price per the specified pay unit as follows: Pay Item: Pay Unit: DITCH LINER PROTECTION Linear Foot [Meter] Include the cost of the following in the contract unit price for Ditch Liner Protection : Mat fasteners Water Fertilizer
230.01 Description
This work consists of providing and planting Bermuda grass sod or sprigs.
230.02 Materials
Provide materials in accordance with the following subsections: Material: Subsection: Bermuda Grass Solid Slab Sod 735.01 Bermuda Grass Mulch Sod 735.01 Bermuda Grass Row Sprigging 735.01 Bermuda Grass Broadcast Sprigging 735.01 Water 735.08
230.03 Equipment
A.Rolling Equipment Provide rolling equipment of a size and weight capable of firmly compacting the sod into the soil and removing air voids.
B.Watering Equipment Provide watering equipment capa ble of applying water as indicated from locations off the slopes, and measuring the water with a calibrated meter. SODDING AND SPRIGGING 230.04
C.Row Sprigging Equipment Provide equipment that performs the following in one continuous operation: Opens the furrows; Places the sprigs in the furrow; and Covers the sprigs and furrow with soil.
230.04 Construction Methods
A.Solid Slab Sodding Operations Prepare areas for solid slab sodding operations by performing the following: Grubbing existing vegetation; Filling and reshaping eroded areas; Cleaning ditches; and Refinishing slopes and medians to the typical grading section. Ensure the soil is moist in accordance with Subsection 230.04.F, “Soil Moisture and Watering Requirement s.” Clear the area of litter and debris. The Plans will show the location, placement, and seasonal requirements of solid slab sod. Place the slabs of sod in rows soil side down. On slopes, ensure the rows run parallel to the roadway. Place each slab tigh tly against the edge of adjoining slabs. Ensure the transverse joints do not run continuous across adjoining rows. Fill voids with additional sod. Compact the area using rollers or other equipment approved by the Resident Engineer. Thoroughly water the sodded area immediately after placement. When the area stabilizes, fill voids with soil approved by the Resident Engineer and water again. Continue watering in accordance with Subsection 230.04.F, "Soil Moisture and Watering Requirements." Apply fertilizer in accordance with Subsection 230.04.G, “Fertilizer Operations.”
B.Mulch Sodding Operations Prepare areas for mulch sodding operations by performing the following: Filling an d reshaping eroded areas; Cleaning ditches; and Refinishing slopes and medians to the typical grading section. Ensure the soil is moist in accordance with Subsection 230.04.F, "Soil Moisture and Watering Requirements. " Scarify the cut and fill slopes before placing the mulch sod. Place the mulch sod on the prepared areas and spread it uniformly to a compacted thickness of 3 in [75 mm]. Roll slopes along the contour lines unless the Resident Engineer directs otherwise.
230.04 Sodding and Spri Gging
Thoroughly water the sodded area immediately after placement. When the area stabilizes, fill voids with soil approved by the Resident Engineer and water again. Continue watering in accordance with Subsection 230.04 .F, "Soil Moisture and Watering Requirements." Apply fertilizer in accordance with Subsection 230.04.G, “Fertilizer Operations.”
C.Row Sprigging Operations Prepare areas for row sprigging operations by tilling to a depth of at least 4 in [100 mm] with an offset or tandem disk plow. Ensure the soil is moist in accordance with Subsection 230.04.F, "Soil Moisture and Water ing Requirements." Apply fertilizer in accordance with Subsection 230.04.G, “Fertilizer Operations.” Plant the sprigs with an automatic sprig planter in accordance with Subsectio n 230.03.C, “Row Sprigging Equipment. ” Hand -plant in areas where the sprig planter cannot operate. Plant the sprigs in furrows parallel to the contour lines of the slopes. The distance between furrows shall not exceed 20 in [500 mm] on centers. Place t he sprigs 3 in [75 mm] deep at the rate of 60 bushels/acre [14 m³/ha] with the ends of sprigs meeting or overlapping. Do not operate the sprig planter faster than 4 mph [6.4 km/h]. On the same day the sprigs are planted, use rollers or other approved equip ment to compact the entire sprigged area. Roll slopes along the contour lines. Immediately after placement, thoroughly water the sprigged area. When the area stabilizes, fill voids with soil approved by the Resident Engineer and water again. Continue wa tering in accordance with Subsection 230.04.F, "Soil Moisture and Watering Requirements."
D.Broadcast Sprigging Operations
1.Broadcast Sprigging Method A Prepare areas for Broadcast Sprigging Method A by tilling to a depth of at least 4 in [100 mm] with an offset or tandem disk plow. If rain or other conditions pack the soil before planting is complete, repeat the tillage. Plant at least 80 bushels/acre [8.70 m³/ha] of sprigs, unless the Contract requires otherwis e. Broadcast the sprigs uniformly on the soil surface. Within 2 hr of planting the sprigs, disk the areas to a depth of 3 in [75 mm] with an offset or tandem disk plow.
2.Broadcast Sprigging Method B Incorporate at least 12 bushels [0.42 m³] of sprigs into 100 yd³ [76 m³] of topsoil salvaged in accordance with Subsection 205.04.B, “Type B Salvaged Topsoil. ” Use a method approved by the Resident Engineer to meter and distribute the sprigs into the stockpiled topsoi l. Keep both the soil and sprigs moist during the mixing operation. Before placing the soil -sprig mixture, prepare areas for Broadcast Sprigging Method B by scarifying parallel to the contours with equipment approved by the Resident Engineer. Spread the soil-sprig mixture within 4 hr of mixing to a thickness of 5 in [125 mm]. SODDING AND SPRIGGING 230.04
3.Fertilizing, Rolling, and Watering Use the following procedures for Broadcast Sprigging Methods A and B: Apply fertilizer in accordance with Subsection 230.04.G, “Fertilizer Options.” Compact the area using rollers or other approved equipment. Roll slopes along the contour lines. Water the sprigged areas within 24 hr of placement and continue watering in a ccordance with Subsection 230.04.F, “Soil Moisture and Watering Requirements.”
E.Planting Seasons and Weather Restrictions Perform sodding and sprigging, as permanent erosion control, during the planting seasons indicated. The Contractor may perform permanent sodding and sprigging operations during a “non - planting season” if the Contractor submits and the Resident Engineer approves a written letter guaranteeing growth at the beginning of the next “planting season.” As cut and fill sections are completed, place and finish the salvaged topsoil, and sod or sprig in accordance with seasonal limitations. Regardless of the dates specified, the Resident Engineer may suspend the work during excessively wet or dry weather co nditions. Begin sodding or sprigging promptly and proceed until completed, or until the end of the “planting season.” If a “non -planting season” interrupts permanent sodding and sprigging operations, resume work at the beginning of the next planting seaso n. Apply temporary stabilization practices if a “non -planting season” interrupts permanent sodding or sprigging, i.e. mulch, blankets, seeding, etc. on cuts, fills, and disturbed areas. Begin this work immediately after placing the topsoil, or as the Resi dent Engineer directs.
F.Soil Moisture and Watering Requirements Ensure the soil is moist during sodding or sprigging operations, from 1 in [25 mm] below to at least 5 in [125 mm] below the surface. Estimate the required moisture content of the soil usin g the hand - squeeze test. The soil should form a tight cast when squeezed. The cast should break into two pieces without crumbling or leaving excess water on the hand. Water sodded or sprigged areas daily for the first 7 days after planting. Continue wat ering these areas as necessary for 30 days after planting, unless the Contract requires or the Resident Engineer directs otherwise. Water short sections of sodded or sprigged areas until the top 1 in [25 mm] of the soil is moist. Adjust the application ra te and fineness of the spray to provide uniform infiltration and prevent erosion or runoff.
G.Fertilizer Operations Apply fertilizer at the specified rates in accordance with Section 234, “Fertilizing and Agricultural Liming.” Do not place fertilizer on hard or glazed surfaces. The Contractor may disk to prepare soil, remove weeds, and incorporate fertilizer in one operation, if approved by the Resident Engineer.
230.06 Sodding and Sprigging
Apply the fertilizer and mix into the soil before applying the s od or sprigs using an offset or tandem disk plow if the plans show fertilizer that contains phosphorous. If the specified fertilizer contains only nitrogen, apply the fertilizer after the sodding or sprigging operations are complete.
H.Repair and Maintena nce Repair and maintain sodded or sprigged areas until the Resident Engineer approves all of the project or that part of the project including the sodded or sprigged areas.
1.Repair Recover, replace, and compact soil removed by erosion. Fill and reshap e eroded areas, clean ditches, and refinish slopes and medians to the typical grading section. Reapply sod or sprigs, re - fertilize, and water the damaged areas during the "planting seasons" indicated.
2.Maintenance Control weeds by mowing, hand cutting, applying herbicides, or other methods approved by the Resident Engineer. Remove weed growth on sodded areas as directed by the Resident Engineer. If using herbicides, apply them in accordance with label instructions and with the approval of the Resident Engineer. Mow in accordance with Section 241, “Mowing.”
230.05 Method of Measuremen T
The Resident Engineer will measure Solid Slab Sodding , Mulch Sodding , Row Sprigging , Broadcast Sprigging (Method A), and Broadcast Sprigging ( Method B) by the area sodded or sprigged. The Resident Engineer will measure Watering using a Contractor -provided calibrated meter.
230.06 Basis of Payment
The Department will pay for each pay item at the contract unit price per the specified pay unit as follows: Pay Item: Pay Unit:
A.SOLID SLAB SODDING Square Yard [Square Meter]
B.MULCH SODDING Square Yard [Square Meter]
C.ROW SPRIGGING Square Yard [Square Meter]
D.BROADCAST SPRIGGING (METHOD A) Square Yard [Square Meter]
E.BROADCAST SPRIGGING (METHOD B) Square Yard [Square Meter]
F.WATERING K-Gallon [Kiloliter] The Department will pay for fertilizer in accordance with Section 234, “Fertilizer and Agricultural Liming.” If the Resident Engineer directs mow ing operations, the Department will pay for mowing in accordance with Section 241, “Mowing.” PLANTING 231.04 SECTION 231 PLANTING
231.01 Description
This work consists of providing, handling, planting, and establishing plant materials.
231.02 Materials
Provide materials in accordance with the following subsections: Material: Subsection: Plant Materials 735.02.A Organic Mulch 735.02.C Water 735.08
231.03 Equipment
If machine -planting trees, the equipment must be capable of digging, lifting, carrying, and placing a plant into a hole (dug by the same or an identical machine) without damaging the ball of soil or the plant. Obtain the Resident Engineer's approval of the equipment before use.
231.04 Construction Metho Ds
A.General Perform this work under the supervision of an experienced nurseryperson. Provide credentials to the Resident Engineer before starting work. Maintain and protect new plants and existing trees, shrubs, and turf from damage or injury before, during, and after planting, establishment, and maintenance operations. For the purpose of Section 231, “Planting,” BR refers to bare -rooted and B&B refers to balled and burlapped.
B.Product Delivery, Storage, and Handling Deliver plant material from the growing site to the planting site with special care and prevent excess drying of the roots and balls and wind damage to the foliage. The Department recommends tarps or covered vehicles. Pick up trees by the container or rootball, n ot by the trunk. If unable to plant BR plants within 2 hr of delivery and B&B or container plants within 24 hr, heel -in using moist soil or mulch or store in a protected area. Maintain heeled -in plants and water as necessary until planted. Remove contain er grown plants from containers at planting time only. The Department will not accept plants that remain heeled -in during the summer.
Source: Oklahoma Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 168–172 of 935.