802.01 876 SECTION 802 – LANDSCAPE PLANTING
802.01 Description ................................ ................................ ................... 876
802.02 Materials ................................ ................................ ...................... 876
802.03 Reserved ................................ ................................ ....................... 880
802.04 Time and Condition of Planting ................................ ................... 880
802.05 Staking ................................ ................................ ......................... 880
802.06 Tree Planting ................................ ................................ ................ 880
802.07 Wr apping and Pruning of Trees ................................ ................... 881
802.08 Shrub Planting ................................ ................................ .............. 882
802.09 Seedling Planting ................................ ................................ ......... 882
802.10 Ground Cover Planting ................................ ................................ 883
802.11 Temporary Storage and Heeling -In ................................ .............. 883
802.12 Mulching ................................ ................................ ...................... 883
802.13 Final Cleanup ................................ ................................ ............... 883
802.14 Period of Establishment ................................ ............................... 884
802.15 Inspection and Replacement of Plants ................................ .......... 884
802.16 Method of Measurement ................................ .............................. 885
802.17 Basis of Payment ................................ ................................ .......... 886
DESCRIPTION
802.01 Description
This work consists of furnishing and planting trees, shrubs, seedlings, and ground cover of the kinds and at the locations shown on the Plans or where directed by the Engineer. MATERIALS
802.02 Materials
A.Planting Material Standards Before performing any work, furnish proof of having secured a nursery dealer’s certificate for each shipment of plants. The certificate shall 802.02 877 indicate the number of plants of each species in the shipment and the project number for which the plants are intended. The certificate shall also include a certification that the plant m aterials conform to the requirements of the Plans and these Specifications, and that all local, State, and Federal laws pertaining to the inspection, sales, and shipment of plant materials have been complied with. Consider “collected plant material” to mea n plants that are not nursery grown. Do not use collected plant material unless shown on the Plans. Dig collected plant material called for on the Plans with a ball of earth having a minimum diameter at least 25% greater than that specified for nursery g rown stock and wrap in burlap. Handle plants to keep their roots protected at all times. During delivery, ensure that the entire load remains suitably covered. Coverings shall not be so tight as to cause heating.
1.Names and Grades . Plant material shall conform to the nomenclature of Standardized Plant Names , as adopted by the Joint Committee of Horticulture Nomenclature, latest revision. Size and grading standards shall conform to the latest approved revision of the American Standard for Nursery Stocks , Z60.1, published by the American Nursery and Landscape Association . Make no substitutions of size or grade without the Engineer’s written permission. Properly identify each bundle of plants and all separate plants with legible, waterproof tags securely fastened to each plant or bundle of plants. Ship plants as follows:
a.Seedlings in bundles of 100.
b.Bare Root in bundles of 10.
c.Ball and Burlap individually.
2.Health. Provide plants conforming to the following health requirements:
a.All plants, including their roots, shall be free of disease, insects, or other injurious qualities.
b.The trunk bark of all trees shall be sound, trees shall have no large wounds, and small woun ds shall have a satisfactory callus roll formed or forming over them. 802.02 878 c. Plants shall show good annual growth.
d.Buds shall be plump and well filled for the species.
e.Evergreen foliage shall be of good intense color.
3.Quality. All plants shall :
a.Be true to type;
b.Have normal, well developed branch systems, and a vigorous fibrous root system;
c.Be sound, healthy, vigorous plants free from defects, disfiguring knots, sunscald injuries, abrasions of the bark, plant disease s, insect eggs, borers, and all forms of infestation ; and
d.Have been growing in the same climatic conditions as the location of the Project for at least 2 years prior to the date of the Contract.
4.Ball and Burlap /Wire Basket . All balled and burlapped plants shall conform to the American Standard for Nursery Stock , Z60.1, latest approved revision. All balls shall be of natural earth in which the plant had been growing. Manufactured or artificially produced or mudded -in balls are not acceptable. Ensure that b alls are firm and unbroken. The Engineer may reject balled and burlapped plants if they fail to meet good digging and handling practices.
5.Container Grown Plants . In addition to the require ments of the American National Standard for Nursery Stock , Z60.1, container grown plants shall conform to the following:
1.The space between the rim or top of the container and the soil line within the container shall not be more than 1-1/2 inches for the 1-gallon and 2 -gallon sizes and not more than 2 -1/2 inches for the 5 -gallon size.
2.Encircling roots shall not have grown in such a manner that they will cause girdling of the trunk or stems. If encircling roots do exist, they shall be cut. 802.02 879 3. Roots sha ll not protrude through drainage holes or over the rim of the container to the extent that they will be damaged while removing the root ball from the container.
4.Plants shall have been acclimated to outside conditions. Container grown plants may be used provided the Engineer approves of their use in writing.
B.Miscellaneous Planting Materials Obtain the Engineer’s approval of the following materials before incorporating them in the work:
1.Topsoil. Provide a natural, fri able, fertile, fine sandy loam possessing the characteristics of representative topsoils in the vicinity that produce heavy growths of vegetation. The topsoil shall be free from subsoil, noxious weeds, stones larger than 1 inch in diameter, lime, cement, ashes, slag, and other deleterious matter. Topsoil shall be well drained in its original position and free from toxic quantities of acid or alkaline elements.
2.Mulch. Unless otherwise specified, provide a standard, commercial quality of aged hardwood bark mulch with a particle size of less than 3 inches and a contamination rate less than 0.5 % by volume.
3.Fertilizer . Unless otherwise shown on the Plans, do not fertilize trees.
4.Tree Wrappings. Avoid using tree wrappings for any purpose other than providing protection during transport.
5.Water. For planting work , use water that is free from harmful or objectionable qualities or organisms.
6.Stakes for Bracing and Anchoring. Stakes used for guying trees shall be at least 6 feet long, of sound, sturdy material, reasonably capable of withstanding aboveground and underground conditions. Their top and bottom face dimensions shall be at least 2 x 2 inches, a minimum diameter of 2-3/4 inches, or a substitute approved by the Engineer.
7.Hose. For staking, use a new fabric -bearing rubber hose with an inside diameter of not less than 1/2 inch. 802.03 880 8. Straps. For staking, use straps consisting of flat, canvas belting with grommets.
802.03 Reserved
CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
802.04 Time and Condition of Planting
Unless otherwise specified, perform all planting after the growing season, between the dates of November 1 and April 1.
802.05 Staking
The Engineer, or the Contractor when specified, will stake all plant and bed locations in accordance with the plant list and approximate locations shown on the Plans. Perform the planting at the approved locations. After planting is complete, outline the ground cover areas and seedling areas with painted stakes and twine as directed by the Engineer.
802.06 Tree Planting
A.Planting Pits Form circular planting pits with vertical sides. Make the diameter of the pits at least 2 feet greater than the diameter of the ball of the tree. The depth of the pit shall be sufficient to accommodate the ball or roots of the tree when the tree is set t o the finished grade, allowing for a maximum of 1 inch of tamped spoil below the roots of the plant.
B.Backfill Backfill for tree planting shall consist of spoil material removed from the hole if suitable. If not, this material may be blended with 50% top soil. Soil amendments are not recommended.
C.Setting of Trees Place all plants at a level so that, after settlement, the natural relationship between the original grade at which the plant grew and the present one 802.07 881 shall be the same. The ro ot flare should be level with the soil grade surrounding the tree. Plant trees plumb and orient them for desired effect as directed by the Engineer. Tamp spoil material from the hole around the base of each ball to fill all voids. Place material in 6 to 8 -inch thick layers, thoroughly tamping each layer to prevent air pockets. Cut back burlap and wire baskets and remove a minimum of one -third of the depth of the root ball. Remove all string from the root ball and around the trunk. When planting bare root trees, carefully work soil around the roots and spread them in a natural position before backfilling. Form, around all trees, shallow basins or saucers, which are slightly larger than the diameter of the ball, to hold additional water. Thoroughly water al l plants immediately after planting, fully saturating the backfill in the pits and beds during the same day of planting. Perform planting and watering as one continuous operation. If applying water by hose, use an open end hose at very low pressure to avoi d air pockets and injury to the roots.
D.Guying and Staking Only stake t rees when necessary to keep them vertical on a slope or in an area with strong winds. Never stake t rees less than 6 feet tall or under 1 inch caliper. When staking is necessary, use biodegradable underground staking , or soft straps or flexible hose without wire. Ensure that staking allow s for free movement of the tree trunk.
802.07 Wrapping and Pruning of Trees
A.Wrapping Wrap tree trunks for transport , and then completely remove all wrapping bandage and string at the time of planting .
B.Pruning Except for branches damaged during digging and transport, d o not prune trees at the time of planting unless otherwise directed . Do not use t ree paint on cuts . 802.08 882 802.08 Shrub Planting
A.Planting Beds and Pits Prepare planting beds to a depth of 4 to 6 inches, or as directed by the Engineer. Make plant pits 6 inches deeper and 6 inches greater on all sides than the plant balls.
B.Prepared Topsoil Backfill for shrub planting shall consist of “prepared topsoil” as specified in 802.06.B.
C.Setting of Shrubs Set shrubs as specified in 802.06.C.
D.Pruning of Shrubs Except for removing broken or badly bruised branches with a clean cut, do not prune trees at the time of planting unless otherwise directed . Do not use t ree paint on cuts .
802.09 Seedling Planting
This Specification is intended to produce natural appearing wooded areas similar to others in the vicinity. To achieve this effect, mix and plant seedlings specified for a given area as shown on the Plans. Dig holes to receive these plants of sufficient size and depth to place the roots in a normal position and to allow the plant to be set slightly below grade, leaving a depression to receive and hold water. After planting the seedlings, provide a thorough watering on the same day. Perform planting and watering as a continuous operation. After completing the planting, ensure that each plant is solidly in the grou nd and thoroughly wetted. 802.10 883 802.10 Ground Cover Planting Ground cover planting shall consist of an overplanting of existing grasses or other growing material. Dig holes to receive these plants of sufficient size and depth to accommodate the roots and to allow the plant to be set slightly below grade, leaving a slight depression to receive and hold water. Place 2 inches of topsoil under the plant and around the roots. Carefully remove containers, except those of organic mater ial, from pot -grown plants to avoid damaging the soil ball. Perform planting and watering as a continuous operation, thoroughly watering on the same day as planting. This may be done by mechanical means if adequate equipment is available. When watering i s complete, ensure that each plant has been thoroughly wetted and that the plant is solidly in the ground.
802.11 Temporary Storage and Heeling -In
Ship plants directly from the nursery. When temporary storage or hee ling-in is required, provide and prepare a suitable heeling ground or heeling -in nursery conveniently located near the planting site before shipping the plant material from the growing nursery or other source. Take care in requesting shipment to avoid lon g periods of temporary storage. Immediately heel -in, or transport to the planting site and plant, all plant material delivered to the Project. The Engineer will reject material left out of ground overnight, left with its roots bare to the sun and wind, or otherwise left unprotected during transit, unloading, or storage.
802.12 Mulching
Within 2 days of planting trees and shrubs, apply a 4 -inch depth of mulch, entirely covering the saucer of individual tree pits and the entire shrub beds. Ensure that mulch does not touch the tree trunk or the stems of shrubs.
802.13 Final Cleanup
Upon completion of all operations described in these Specifications, remove all refuse, brush, including standing dead and rejected plants, sticks, packaging, potting debris, and similar waste, regardless of whether it was directly connected with the Work or previously left by others. Leave the general area in a neat and orderly condition that meets the Engineer’s approval. 802.14 884 802.14 Period of Establishment Installation of the plant material shall be regarded as partial completion of the horticultural work . The “period of establis hment” will be April 1st through November 1st. The Contractor is responsible for all plantings for one full period of establishment. Keep all plants and plant material installed in a living, healthy condition up to the date for termination of Contractor responsibility for care specified herein. Unless otherwise specified by the Engineer, perform the following work in a continuous manner during the period of establishment
A.Watering During periods of low rainfall or drought, water all woody plants at weekly intervals unless otherwise directed by the Engineer. Slowly and gradually apply s ufficient quantities of water until the root area of the plants is saturated. One inch of water is customary. Apply sufficient quantities of wate r slowly and gradually until the root area of the plants is saturated. Carefully adjust both the force and volume of water to ensure that no damage occurs to plants, backfill, and mulching material.
B.Cultivating When shown on the Plans, keep all planting areas free from grass and weeds throughout the entire growing season. Always keep the area clean, open, and properly mulched, unless covered with plastic and mulched. Closely mow areas such as slope bed plantings.
802.15 Inspection and Replacement of Plants
A.Initial Inspection and Replacement of Plants The Engineer will initially inspect the plants during and before the end of the planting seaso n (April 1st) and will determine the necessity of replacing dead, degenerated, defective, or missing plants. Remove plants fitting into the above categories and plants that are stagnant, whether technically alive or not, and replace them with the specifie d plants at no cost to the Department. For each plant replaced, perform all necessary work to establish the plant, regardless of already fulfilled obligations regarding other plant material on the site. Based on the findings of the Engineer’s initial ins pection as addressed above, replace all plants that are required to be replaced on or before May 1st. 802.16 885 B. Final Inspection: Replacement and Acceptance of Plants The Engineer will conduct a final inspection of planting during and before the end of the first full growing season and on or about October 1st, after the first full growing season. The Engineer will determine whether to require the Contractor to replace plants as specified in
802.15 A or if such replacement would be inadvisable due to seasonal or
other conditions. The Contractor’s responsibility for care of all plantings that are acceptable on the date of the final inspection mentioned above shall end on that date . Based on findings of the inspection mentioned above, replace plants that require replacement with plants of the same species, size, and quality at no cost to the Department. Replace non -viable plants before the 15th of February. Upon completion of the work, the Engineer will ins pect the replacement plantings and accept or reject the work. If accepted, the Contractor’s responsibility for care of the replacement plantings shall end on the date of the Engineer’s inspection. COMPENSATION
802.16 Method of Measurement
The Department will measure:
1.Living trees, seedlings, and shrubs for payment by the unit (per each).
2.Ground cover by the square yard, in accordance with 109.
3.Water required for the plant establishment by the M.G. (1,000 gallons). The Department will only measure for payment those plants in a living, healthy condition at the time the Contractor’s responsibility for care of the plants has ended. The Department will not measure or make payment for water used in plant installation work. 802.17 886 802.17 Basis of Payment The Department will pay for accepted quantities, complete in place, at the contract prices as follows: Item Pay Unit Trees (Description) Each Seedlings (Description) Each Cuttings (Description) Each Shrubs (Description) Each Ground Cover (Description) Square Yard Water (Plant Establishment) M.G. (1,000 gallons) In making partial payments for planting items, the Department will consider:
1.Approximately one -third of the Contract price to be the value of preparing the holes for planting including placement of prepared mixtures,
2.Approximately one -third as the value of the furnishing and planting of the original plants, and the
3.Remaining one -third as the value of the plant establishment work. The Depart ment will make partial payments for the plant establishment work as the work progresses, at times to be established by the Engineer at intervals of not less than three months. 803.01 887 SECTION 803 – SODDING
803.01 Description ................................ ................................ ................... 887
803.02 Sod ................................ ................................ ............................... 887
803.03 Fertilizer Grade ................................ ................................ ............ 889
803.04 Ammonium Nitrate ................................ ................................ ...... 889
803.05 Agricultural Limestone ................................ ................................ 889
803.06 Reserved ................................ ................................ ....................... 889
803.07 Weather Limitations ................................ ................................ ..... 889
803.08 Removing and Storing Sod for Resetting ................................ ..... 889
803.09 Sodding ................................ ................................ ........................ 889
803.10 Period of Establishment ................................ ............................... 890
803.11 Disposal of Surplus Material ................................ ........................ 892
803.12 Method of Measurement ................................ .............................. 892
803.13 Basis of Payment ................................ ................................ .......... 892
DESCRIPTION
803.01 Description
This work consists of furnishing and placing sod at the locations show n on the Plans or where directed by the Engineer. Ordinarily, this work will consist of furnishing and placing new sod originating from sources outside the right -of-way. In some cases, however, the work will include removing sod from areas where the requi rements of the improvement would destroy existing sod, storing the sod so removed, and resetting it in areas shown on the Plans or designated by the Engineer. MATERIALS
803.02 Sod
A.General Provide new sod consisting of live, dense, w ell-rooted growth of permanent grasses, free from Johnson grass, nut -grass, and other
Source: Tennessee Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2021 Edition. Pages 885–895 of 1,072.