319SECTION 301—CLEARING AND GRUBBING
301.01 Description
This work shall consist of clearing, grubbing, and activities to remove and dispose of vegetation, debris, fences and other objects unsuitable for construction located within the construction limits except for vegetation and objects that are designated to be preserved, protected, or removed in accordance with the Contract or other provisions of these Specifications.
301.02 Procedures
If approved by the Engineer, the Contractor may clear and grub to accommodate construction equipment within the right of way up to 5 feet beyond the construction limits at his own expense. The Contractor shall install erosion and siltation control devices prior to beginning clearing or grubbing operations. Such devices shall be functional before upland land-disturbing activities take place. The surface area of earthen material exposed by grubbing, stripping topsoil, or excavation shall be limited to that necessary to perform the next operation within a given area. The Contractor shall confine the grubbing of root mat and stumps to that area of land on which the Contractor shall perform excavation or other land disturbance activities within 14 days following grubbing operations. The Contractor shall remove stumps, roots, other perishable material, and nonperishable objects that will be less than 5 feet below the top of earthwork within the area directly beneath the roadway pavement and shoulders. Material and objects that will be 5 feet or more below the top of earthwork within the area directly beneath the roadway pavement and shoulders and all such material and objects beneath slopes of embankments shall be left in place unless removal is necessary for installation of a structure. The top of stumps left in place shall not be more than 6 inches above the surface of existing ground or low water level. Branches of trees that overhang the roadway, reduce sight distance, or are less than 20 feet above the elevation of the finished grade shall be trimmed using approved tree surgery practices in accordance with Section 601.03(b). Vegetation, structures, or other items located outside the construction limits shall not be damaged. Trees and shrubs in ungraded areas shall not be cut or trimmed without the approval of the Engineer. The Contractor shall dispose of combustible cleared and grubbed material in accordance with the following:
a.Trees, limbs, and other timber having a diameter of 3 inches and greater shall be disposed of as saw logs, pulpwood, firewood, or other usable material; however, treated timber shall not be disposed of as firewood. The Contractor shall leave no more than 2 feet of trunk attached to grubbed stumps. When specified in the Contract or directed by the Engineer that trees or other timber is to be reserved for the property owner, such material shall be cut in the lengths specified and piled where designated, either within the limits of the right of way, or not more than 100 feet from the right-of- way line. When not reserved for the property owner, such material shall become the property of the Contractor.301.02 320(b) Material less than 3 inches in diameter shall be used to form brush silt barriers when located within 500 feet of the source of such material or used where directed by the Engineer. The Contrac - tor shall place material approximately 5 feet beyond the toe of fill in a strip approximately 10 feet wide to form a continuous barrier on the downhill side of fills. Where selective clearing has been done, material shall be piled, for stability, against trees in the proper location. On the uphill side of fills, brush shall be stacked against fills at approximately 100-foot intervals in piles approximately 5 feet high and 10 feet wide. Any such material not needed to form silt barriers shall be processed into wood chips having a thickness of not more than 3/8 inch and an area of not more than 6 square inches. Wood chips may be stockpiled out of sight of any public highway for use on the project as mulch in accordance with Section 605.
c.Stumps and material less than 3 inches in diameter that are not needed to form silt barriers and that are not processed into wood chips shall be handled in accordance with Section 106 and Section 107.
301.03 Measurement and Payment
Clearing and grubbing will be measured and paid for in accordance with one of the following methods, as specified in the Contract:
a.Lump sum basis: The Engineer will not make any measurement of the area to be cleared and grubbed, but the price bid shall be for all clearing and grubbing in the Contract.
b.Acre basis: The work to be paid for will be the number of acres, computed to the nearest 1/10 of an acre, actually cleared and grubbed. Areas within the limits of any existing roadway or local material pit will not be measured for payment.
c.Unit basis: The Engineer will determine the work to be paid for according to the actual count of trees, stumps, structures, or other obstructions removed as designated in the Contract. These prices shall include properly and legally disposing of cleared and grubbed material. When clearing and grubbing is not a pay item, the cost thereof shall be included in the price for other appropriate pay items. The Engineer will not authorize payment for clearing and grubbing borrow pits or other local material pits. Payment will be made under: ——————————————————————————— Pay Item Pay Unit ——————————————————————————— Clearing and grubbing Lump sum, acre, or unit——————————————————————————— SECTION 302—DRAINAGE STRUCTURES
302.01 Description
This work shall consist of installing pipe culverts, endwalls, box culverts, precast concrete and metal pipe arches, storm drains, drop inlets, manholes, spring boxes, junction boxes, and intake boxes and removing 301.02
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 347–347 of 1,065.