527position until concrete has set. The method of setting shall allow for proper finishing of concrete bearing areas. When permitted by the Contract or approved by the Engineer, anchor bolts may be placed in galvanized steel sleeves. Diameter and length of sleeves shall be as specified by contact documents or the Engineer but in no case shall diameter be greater than 4 times the diameter of the anchor bolt nor less than 2 times the diameter of the anchor bolt. Length of sleeves shall extend at least 2 inches below the plan elevation of the bottom of the anchor bolt. Sleeves shall be centered at the plan location of the anchor bolts. Top of sleeves shall be set at least 1/4 inch below the bridge seat elevation so as to prevent contact between the sleeves and the bearing assembly. Each sleeve shall include a 1 inch vent to permit air to escape from the tube during grouting. Vent tube shall connect to bottom of sleeve no more than 2 inches from the bottom of the sleeve. After girder and deck placement, the sleeves shall be filled with a non-shrink, high strength grout in accordance with Section 218. After the grout has set, the top surface of the grout shall be waterproofed with epoxy in accordance with Section 416. Anchors that are not designed to project through bearing plates shall be checked for proper projection above the masonry bearing area immediately prior to placement of bearing plates and beams. Nuts on anchor bolts at expansion ends shall be adjusted to permit free movement of the span. Angles for anchor assemblies to be attached to sides of concrete beams shall not be installed until beams have received their full dead load and supporting falsework has been removed.
408.04 Measurement and Payment
Metal bearing and expansion plates and anchors will be measured by shop scales in pounds of actual material placed in accordance with the plans. When not a separate pay item the Department will include the weight of plates and anchors in the weight of structural steel or reinforcing steel for payment. When a pay item, bearing plates will be paid for at the contract unit price per pound and shall include elastomeric and other flexible bearing pads. The cost of bedding and preparation for metal bearing plates shall be included in the prices for superstructure items. This price shall include furnishing all materials, galvanizing, painting, lubricating, and testing. Payment will be made under: ———————————————Pay Item Pay Unit———————————————Bearing device Pound——————————————— SECTION 409—STEEL GRID FLOORS
409.01 Description
This work shall consist of constructing a steel grid floor as shown on the Plans or elsewhere in the Contract in accordance with these Specifications or as directed by the Engineer.
409.02 Materials
Materials shall conform to Section 227.409.02 528409.03—Procedures The floor shall conform to the design requirements for steel grid floors in the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications.
a.Arrangement of Sections: Where main elements are normal to the centerline of the roadway, units shall generally be of such length as to extend over the full width of any roadway up to 40 feet. In every case, units shall extend over at least three panels. Where joints are required, ends of main floor units shall be welded at joints over their full cross-sectional area or otherwise connected to provide full continuity in conformance with the manufacturer’ s recommendations. Where main elements are parallel with the centerline of the roadway, sections shall extend over at least three panels and ends of abutting units shall be welded over their full cross-sectional area or otherwise connected to provide full continuity in accordance with the Department’ s approved design.
b.Provision for Camber: Steel units so rigid that they will not readily follow the camber required shall be cambered in the shop. The stringers shall be canted or provided with shop-welded beveled bearing bars to provide a bearing surface normal to the crown of the roadway. If beveled bars are used, they shall be placed along the centerline of the stringer flange, in which case the design span length shall be governed by the width of the bearing bar instead of the width of the stringer flange. Longitudinal stringers shall be cambered at the mill or provided with bearing strips so that the com - pleted floor after dead-load deflection shall conform to the longitudinal camber shown on the plans.
c.Field Assembly: The Contractor shall assemble areas of considerable size before the floor is welded to its supports. Main elements shall be made continuous, and sections shall be connected together along their edges by the welding of bars. The Engineer must approve connections before acceptance.
d.Connection to Supports: The floor shall be connected to its steel supports by welding. The Contractor shall load the floor to make a tight joint with full bearing or clamp the floor down before any welding is performed. The Contractor will not be allowed to clamp the floor in any manner to compensate for distorted, warped, or improperly welded units in order to secure a connection. The locations, lengths, and sizes of the welds shall be as approved by the Engineer, but in no case less than the manufacturer’ s standards.
e.Welding: Welding shall conform to Section 407.
f.Damaged Galvanized Coatings: Damaged coatings shall be repaired in accordance with Section 233.
g.Concrete Filler: Floors with open bottom flanges shall be provided with bottom forms of metal or wood to retain the concrete filler. If the Contractor uses metal form strips, they shall fit tightly to bottom flanges of floor units and be placed in short lengths extending approximately 1 inch beyond the edge of each support. The form shall be such as will result in the adequate bearing of the slab on the support. Concrete shall be placed and cured in accordance with Section 404 and thoroughly consolidated by vibrating the steel grid floor. The Engineer will approve the vibrating device and manner in which it is operated.409.03 529(h) Painting: Steel grid flooring furnished without galvanizing but with a shop coat of paint shall be cleaned, prepared, and painted in accordance with Section 411. If the Contractor elects to use a structural steel plate on the bottom of a filled floor, the Contractor shall clean, prepare, and paint the bottom surface of the plate in accordance with Section 411.
409.04 Measurement and Payment
Steel grid floors will be measured in square feet of surface area and will be paid for at the contract unit price per square foot. This price shall include fabrication including connections and galvanizing and painting when specified. Payment will be made under: —————————————— ————Pay Item Pay Unit—————————————— ————Steel grid floor Square foot—————————————— ———— SECTION 410—RAILINGS AND P ARAPETS
410.01 Description
This work shall consist of furnishing and installing railings, bridge median barriers, and concrete parapets true to the line, grade, and dimensions shown on the plans or as established by the Engineer.
410.02 Materials
a.Concrete shall conform to Section 217. If the Engineer approves the Contractor placing concrete by the extrusion method, the slump of the concrete may be less than 2 inches, the air content shall be no less than 4 percent, and the size of the coarse aggregate shall be no less than No. 7.
b.Steel reinforcement shall conform to Section 223.
c.Steel for metal parapets shall conform to Section 226.
d.Hydraulic cement mortar and grout shall be nonshrinking and shall conform to Section 218.
e.Aluminum railings and materials shall conform to Section 229.
f.Anchor bolts shall conform to Section 226.02(c).
g.Grounding materials shall conform to Section 238.
410.03 Procedures
a.Post Alignment: Posts shall be perpendicular to the profile grade and plumb in the transverse direction regardless of the cross slope.410.03
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 555–556 of 1,065.