609Sidewalks

Division 700 — :

MATERIAL SUBSECTION Asphalt Plastic Cement 708.9 Bed Course Material 704.6 – Class 1 or Class 3 Expansion Joint Filler (Preformed) 708.1, 708.2 Joint Sealing Material 708.3 Sand 702.2 Concrete shall meet the requirements of 601, Class B, or 501. 609.2.1-Detectable Warning Surfaces: Detectable warning panels shall have a detectable warning surface meeting Proposed Accessibility Guidelines for Pedestrian Facility in Public Right of Way (PROWAG), latest edition, requirements. The panel dimensions shall not deviate more than 1/16 inch The panel colors shall be as shown in the plans or as approved by the Engineer. The panel shall contrast visually with adjacent gutter, street or highway, or curb ramp surface, either light-on-dark or dark-on-light. The panels shall be textured to provide a slip resistant surface. There shall be two types of warning surfaces: panels for fresh concrete surfaces while the concrete is still plastic and panels for cured concrete surfaces. Mold-in-place concrete domes, brick pavers, tiles, or iron or steel warning systems shall not be used. Detectable warning panels must be approved and on the WVDOH Approved Products List. The material approval for detectable warning panels will be based on results from WVDOH field evaluation tests or based on actual performance on WVDOH projects. All materials to be used shall be covered by a 5 year manufacturer warranty under normal conditions. 609.2.2-Quality Control Testing: Quality control of bed course material is the responsibility of the Contractor as specified in subsection 106.1. The Contractor shall maintain necessary equipment and qualified personnel to perform all sampling and testing necessary to determine the magnitude of the various properties of the material governed by the Specifications and shall maintain these properties within the limits of the Specifications. The Contractor shall submit a quality control plan detailin g the methods by which the quality control program will be conducted. This plan, prepared in accordance with the guidelines set forth in the appropriate portions of MP 307.00.50, shall be submitted to the Engineer at the preconstruction conference. The work shall not begin until the plan is reviewed for conformance with the contract documents. 609.2.3-Acceptance Testing: Quality control sampling and testing performed by the Contractor shall be used by the Division for Acceptance. 609.2.4-Sampling and Testing: Frequency of sampling and testing shall be in accordance with the contractor’s quality control plan. The minimum sampling and testing frequencies for gradation shall be as indicated in Attachment 1 of MP 307.00.50. The material shall be sampled in accordance with MP 700.00.06. 609.2.5-Acceptance Plan: 609.2.5.1-Gradation: The material shall be sampled and tested in accordance with Section 609.2.4. Acceptance for gradation shall be based on test results of consecutive random samples fr om a lot. A sublot is the quantity of material represented by a single gradation test as defined in MP 700.00.06. A lot shall be considered the quantity of material represented by an average test value, not to exceed five sublots. In the case where only one sample is needed for the total plan quantity, the sublot shall be considered the lot. The average shall start on the second sample result. The average is continued for the third through fifth sample result, averaging all previous sample results. Thereafter, only the last consecutive five sample results will be averaged, i.e., second test value through sixth test value, third test value through seventh test value, and so forth as defined in MP 300.00.51. When the test value of a lot and the test v alue of the last sublot, or when the last three consecutive individual test values of a lot fall outside the gradation limits of Table 704.6.2A the lot of material represented will be considered nonconforming to the extent that the last of its sublots are nonconforming. When this occurs, the last sublot shall have its price adjusted in accordance with Table 609.10.1. 609.2.5.2-Degree of Nonconformance: When a sublot of material is to have its price adjusted, the percentage point difference between the n onconforming test value and the specification limit shall be determined for each sieve size determined to be nonconforming, and this value shall be multiplied by its appropriate multiplication factor as set forth in Table 609.2.5.2. TABLE 609.2.5.2 Nonconforming Sieve Size Multiplication Factor 1½ in. (37.5 mm) 1.0 ¾ in. (19 mm) 1.0 No. 4 (4.75 mm) 1.0 No. 40 (425 µm) 1.0 No. 200 (75µm) 1.0 The total measure of nonconformance of an individual sublot is the sum of all nonconformances on the various sieve sizes of that sublot. When the total degree of nonconformance has been established and it is 12.0 or less, the material will be paid for at an adjusted contract price as specified in Table 609.10.1. When the degree of nonconformance is greater than 12.0, the nonconforming sublot shall be resolved on an individual basis, requiring a special investigation by the Engineer to determine the appropriate course of action to be followed. Pending resolution of the matter, additional lifts of base or pavement shall not be placed over the nonconforming material. 609.3-SUBGRADE PREPARATION: The subgrade shall be constructed true to grade and cross section as shown on the Plans or directed by the Engineer. It shall be watered, if required, and thoroughly compacted before placing the concrete or bed course material. All soft and yielding material shall be removed and replaced with suitable material. The completed subgrade shall be tested for grade and cross section by means of a template supported on the side forms. The subgrade shall be constructed true to grade and cross section as shown on the Plans or directed by the Engineer. It shall be watered, if required, and thoroughly compacted before placing the concrete or bed course material. All soft or yielding material shall be removed and replaced with suitable material. 609.4-DRY BED: When called for on the Plans, bed course material shall be placed on the subgrade to the depth and width specified and compacted. 609.5-FORMS: Forms shall be of wood or metal and shall extend for the full depth of the concrete. All forms shall be straight, free from warp, and of su fficient strength to resist the pressure of the concrete without springing. Bracing and staking of forms shall be such that the forms remain in both horizontal and vertical alignment until their removal. All forms shall be cleaned and oiled before being used. 609.6-MIXING AND PLACING CONCRETE: The foundation and surfaces not oiled shall be thoroughly moistened immediately prior to the placing of the concrete. The proportioning, mixing, and placing of the concrete shall be in accordance with the requirements for the class of concrete specified. Curb ramp and adjacent curb or curb and gutter may be constructed monolithically, with the approval of the Engineer. The monolithic or integral curb ramp threshold and adjacent curb are required to be poured at the proper depth as per PVT-6. 609.7-EXPANSION JOINTS: Expansion joints ¼ inch wide shall be constructed at thirty (30) feet intervals, at all returns, and opposite expansion joints in adjacent curb. A longitudinal expansion joint ¼ inch wide shall be placed between sidewalk and curb. Expansion joints shall be filled with preformed joint filler, which shall be shaped to fit the concrete section being placed. Where sidewalks are to be placed around or adjacent to manholes, drop inlets, or other miscellaneous structures in sidewalk areas, such structures shall not be constructed to final grade until after the sidewalk has been constructed for a reasonable distance on each side of the structure. Expansion joints, of the type specified above, shall be constructed between all such appurtenances and the sidewalk. Expansion Joints shall be provided around all curb ramps and ramp flares. With the approval of the Engineer, preformed filler in longitudinal expansion joints between sidewalks and curbs may be eliminated, and the opening remaining after sidewalk has been placed shall be filled with joint sealing material. 609.8-FINISHING: 609.8.1-Concrete: Fresh concrete shall be struck off and compacted until a layer of mortar has been brought to the surface. The surface shall be finished to grade and cross section with a float, troweled smo oth, and finished with a broom. The float shall be not less than ten (10) feet in length and not less than six (6) inches in width. Brooming shall be transverse to the line of traffic, and the broom shall be kept clean. All outside edges of the slab and all joints shall be edged with a ¼ inch radius edging tool. The surface of sidewalks shall be marked into rectangles of not less than 12 sq. ft. with a scoring tool which will form contraction joints and rounded sidewalk edges. The contraction joints shall extend into the concrete one (1) inch depth and shall be approximately ⅛ inch wide. The finished surface shall not vary more than ¼ inch from a ten (10) feet straightedge, except at grade changes, and shall be free from blemishes. 609.8.2 Detectable Warning Surface: All curb ramps shall include detectable warning surface across the full width of the curb ramp where the flush threshold meets the gutter or pavement (excluding any flared sides) or as shown on the plans or established by the Engineer. A set -in- place anchored detectable warning surface shall be installed at the time of the placement of the curb ramp, while the concrete is still plastic. The panel shall contrast visually with adjacent gutter, street or highway, or curb ramp surface, either light-on-dark or dark-on- light. A concrete border, if necessary for installation, shall not exceed two ( 2) inches. Detectable warning surfaces are intended to provide a tactile equivalent underfoot of the visible curb line. If detect able warning surfaces are placed too far from the curb line because of a large curb radius, the location may compromise effective crossing. Detectable warning surfaces should be placed at the back of the curb line (or as shown on the plans or established by the engineer) and shall not be placed on paving or expansion joints. A single detectable warning surface panel shall be used with curb ramp widths of five (5) feet or less. Where detectable warning surface panels are cut to conform to a specific shape of ramp and anchoring devices become part of the waste, the anchor will be removed and reattached into the detectable warning surface at the original edge offset as per manufacturer. The joints between the panels shall not exceed ⅛ inch. The panels shall not deviate more than 1/16” from the finished grade of the ramp surface. The grade will be measured from the top of the panel excluding any texture. The panels shall be installed and cut as recommended by the manufacture. Where parts of more than one panel are used to conform to a specific shape, all panel pieces shall be of the same color. Where possible, the domes shall be aligned in the direction of pedestrian travel. 609.9-METHOD OF MEASUREMENT: Sidewalks will be measured in square yards, complete in place and accepted, which will be determined by the length measured upon the surface times the width constructed, as authorized by the Engineer. Removal of existing sidewalks and any excavation shall be considered Unclassified Excavation and shall be paid as specified in Section 207. Sidewalk bed course material will be measured by the cubic yard, complete in place and accepted. Curb Ramps will be measured and paid for separately complete in place and accepted. Curb Ramp item includes all concrete for curb ramp (including curb, curb and gutter, curb wall or cheek wall, etc.) as shown in Standard Details. Removal of existing curb ramp, existing partial sidewalks necessary for curb ramp replacement, and any excavation shall be incidental. Curb Ramp bed course material will be measured by cubic yard, complete in place and accepted on new curb ramp construction. Detectable warning surfaces shall be measured and paid for separately complete in place and accepted. Where a driveway crosses a sidewalk, the intersecting area shall be constructed to the driveway typical section and shall be measured and paid for the entire length of the driveway and transitions by the pay items shown in the driveway typical section or the Standard Details.

Sidewalks in other states

• Alaska 608 · SIDEWALKS
• Maryland 603 · Sidewalks
• Maine 608 · Sidewalks
• New Hampshire 608 · SIDEWALKS
• Texas 531 · Sidewalks