250REMOVAL OF UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS AND

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The overlapping of the geosynthetic reinforcement shall be as required by the plans. If a specific overlap is not required by the plans, individual pieces of reinforcement shall typically be installed side by side with the “machine direction” of the material oriented in the direction of required reinforcement. When the delivered width is greater than the width of geosynthetic reinforcement required, the reinforcement may be cut with a razor, knife, abrasion saw, or similar tool. As an alternate to cutting, the Contractor may be allowed to turn the excess portion of the reinforcement under, provided an acceptable installation is obtained. That portion of reinforcement cut off or turned under will not be measured for payment. If a geotextile is required in conjunction with one or more layers of geosynthetic reinforcement, it shall be installed as shown on the plans or directed by the Engineer.

243.05Method of Measurement

The quantity of geosynthetic soil reinforcement, measured for payment, will be the number of square yards {square meters} of material installed and acceptably placed. No measurement will be made for portions cut off, overlaps, or portions not needed but allowed to remain in the fill.

243.06Basis of Payment

The quantity of geosynthetic soil reinforcement placed and measured as noted above will be paid for at the contract unit price bid per square yard {square meter}, which shall be full compensation for furnishing all materials, labor, equipment, tools, and incidentals necessary to complete this item of work.

243-A Geosynthetic Reinforcement for * , Type ** - per square yard {square meter} * Either "Reinforced Slopes" or "Soft Soil Stabilization"; ** Enter type of reinforcement, Type 1, 2, 3, etc. REMOVAL OF UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS AND CONTAMINATED SOIL

250.01Description

This Section shall cover the removal and disposal of underground storage tanks for petroleum-based hydrocarbons and the removal and disposal of contaminated soil. The term underground storage tank

This Section shall also cover the removal and disposal of the contents of the UST and the backfilling of the areas of removal. The approximate extent of the known contamination will be shown on the plans. The actual limits of contamination will be determined in the field with verification sampling at the time of UST removal. The treatment of groundwater after the removal of the USTs will be done under a separate contract.

250.02Materials

Material requirements are not given for the work required under this Section. The furnishing and placement of materials is covered under other Sections.

250.03Construction Requirements

All work shall be in conformance with the rules and regulations of the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (ADEM), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). For the purpose of conducting work for the Department, the term "Generator" shall be defined as any person who utilizes any process that results in the production of solid waste. The Contractor, not the Engineer, will be responsible for signing all regulatory documentation as the "Generator". If contaminated material is transported to or through another state, work performed in that state shall be in conformance with any applicable regulatory requirements in the state involved.

REMOVAL OF UNDERGROUND STORAGE TANKS AND CONTAMINATED SOIL 155

The Contractor shall obtain all permits that may be required for the handling, hauling and disposal of the petroleum hydrocarbon liquids and sludge and contaminated soil.

The Contractor shall notify ADEM at least 30 calendar days before beginning the excavation work to remove a UST. The Contractor shall also provide the Engineer with a copy of the notification and any acknowledgements of the notification returned by ADEM. At least 7 calendar days in advance of excavation and removal, the contractor shall notify the Engineer to ensure that appropriate personnel are on site to obtain samples and data as necessary for the verification testing. The Department will do all site assessment and verification testing.

The Contractor shall remove liquids and sludges from a UST by pumping these materials out of the UST before it is removed from the ground. USTs may contain different types of petroleum hydrocarbons (gasoline, diesel, sludge, oil, etc.). Small amounts of liquids and sludges that cannot be pumped from a UST and cannot be removed from the appurtenances to the UST (distribution lines, pump lines, etc.) shall be collected after the removal of the UST. Leakage from the UST onto the surrounding soil shall be avoided by properly pumping the contents of the UST into permitted transport vehicles. Any liquids or sludges associated with the UST system that are present or released into the excavated pit shall be removed and disposed. The liquids and sludges shall be removed in accordance with the requirements given in the National Fire Protection Association Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code (NFPA-30) and ADEM requirements. The Contractor shall dispose the liquids, sludges and other materials removed from the USTs and the materials collected from the appurtenances to the USTs. The Contractor shall furnish the Engineer with a copy of the documentation of the disposal (disposal receipts, manifests, weight tickets, etc.).

The Contractor shall excavate the potentially contaminated soil to the extent designated by the Engineer. The Contractor shall furnish, install and maintain all hazard warning markings and devices at the areas of excavation that may be required by regulation. The soil shall be placed in separate loads for testing. A typical load for testing shall not be greater than 20 cubic yards {15 cubic meters} but may be a larger or smaller load that the Engineer designates as being acceptable for testing. Loads shall be kept separate to maintain the integrity of the testing and disposal. Loads shall be isolated by plastic sheeting (minimum thickness 6 mils) or by being placed in holding bins or other containers to prevent further contamination. The stockpiled material shall be placed so that soils are not released into the surrounding environment by erosion. After the results from the verification testing have been obtained, the Engineer will inform the Contractor of what should be done with the soil. If the Engineer determines that the level of contamination does not warrant the disposal of the soil as contaminated soil, it shall be incorporated into the earthwork or shall be disposed by the Contractor in accordance with the requirements given in Section 210. Contaminated soil shall be kept separate from soil that is not contaminated.

USTs shall be removed after the liquids and sludges have been removed from the USTs and the appurtenances to the USTs. USTs and connections shall be completely empty prior to disposal. All lines (product lines, vent lines, etc.), connections and other appurtenances shall be removed. The method of UST disposal shall be submitted to the Engineer for approval. The Contractor shall furnish the Engineer with a copy of the documentation of the disposal of the UST and appurtenances (disposal receipts, manifests, weight tickets, etc.).

The Contractor shall deliver the contaminated soil to a disposal site (landfill, incinerator, etc.) that meets all regulatory requirements for the disposal of the contaminated soil. Documentation (receipts, manifests, mass tickets, etc.) of the delivery shall be provided to the Engineer. Contaminated soil shall not be treated on site prior to disposal and shall not be removed to an alternate site for remediation prior to disposal. CEMENT MORTAR FLOWABLE BACKFILL 156

Backfilling the excavated areas will not be permitted until authorized by the Engineer. Backfill within the limits of the roadway shall be in conformance with the requirements given in Section 210. All other backfill shall be placed, tamped and compacted to the consistency of the surrounding material. Backfill shall be compactable soil of an acceptable quality.

250.04Method of Measurement

The disposal of hydrocarbon contaminated soil will be measured by the cubic yard {cubic meter}. Soil that is not disposed of as contaminated soil and is incorporated into the earthwork or disposed by the Contractor will be measured by the cubic yard {cubic meter}.

The removal of a tank will be measured per each tank removed.

The quantity of tank contents removed and disposed will be measured in gallons {liters} as metered or computed from field measurements. This Pay Item does not include liquids generated during the tank cleaning process.

250.05Basis of Payment

The contract unit price for the disposal of hydrocarbon contaminated soil shall be full compensation for the excavation and handling of the soil, securing the site, hauling, disposal, and for all equipment, tools, labor and incidentals necessary to complete the work. The contract unit price shall also be full compensation for all expenses required for compliance with rules, statutes, laws and regulations that cover the removal and disposal of the contaminated soil. The contract unit price for the disposal of the hydrocarbon contaminated soil shall also be full compensation for incorporating uncontaminated soil into the earthwork or disposal of uncontaminated soil. The quantity of uncontaminated soil will be reduced by 75 % to allow payment to be made at the same price as the disposal of hydrocarbon contaminated soil. Backfilling of excavated areas will be covered under other items of work.

The contract unit price for the removal of an underground storage tank shall be payment in full for all materials, equipment, tools, labor and incidentals necessary for the removal and disposal of the tank and appurtenances. The contract price shall include cleaning the tank, and all appurtenances.

The contract unit price for the removal and disposal of tank contents shall be full compensation for all equipment, tools, labor and incidentals necessary for removing and disposing the tank contents.

250-B Disposal of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil (SPECIALTY ITEM) - per cubic yard {cubic meter} 250-C Underground Storage Tank Removal (SPECIALTY ITEM) - per each 250-N Removing and Disposing Tank Contents ( * ) (SPECIALTY ITEM) - per gallon {liter} * Specify “Gasoline”, “Diesel”, “Sludge”, “Oil”, etc., if required. CEMENT MORTAR FLOWABLE BACKFILL

260.01Description

This Section shall cover the work of placing a low strength flowable cement mortar as a backfill at driven piles, drainage structures, utility cuts, and at other locations shown on the plans or directed by the Engineer. CEMENT MORTAR FLOWABLE BACKFILL 157

260.02Materials

All materials furnished for use shall comply with the appropriate requirements of Division 800, Materials, and the requirements noted hereinafter in this Section. Specific reference is made to the applicable portions of the following Sections:  Section 802 - Fine Aggregates  Section 806 - Mineral Admixtures  Section 807 - Water  Section 808 - Air Entraining Additives  Section 815 - Cement Unless approved otherwise by the Engineer, the following materials shall be used: fine aggregate shall be concrete sand, fly ash shall be either Class "C" or Class "F" ash, and cement shall be either Type I, Type IL, Type IP or Type IS for Mixes 1, 2, 3, and 4 and Type II for Mix 5. Cement mortar shall be proportioned in accordance with the requirements given in Table 2 (Master Proportion Table). Variations to the amounts of the components in a mix may be requested in writing from the Materials and Tests Engineer to achieve a more desirable consistency, workability, or stability in the mix. Requests to reduce the amount of cement, fly ash, or air entrainment will not be approved.

TABLE 2 – MASTER PROPORTION TABLE ONE CUBIC YARD {CUBIC METER} PROPORTIONS Mix Designation 1 2 3 4 5 Cement (lbs.) {kg} (minimum) 61 {28} 185 {84} 195 {88} 195 {88} 90 {40} Fly Ash (lbs.) {kg} (minimum) 331 {150} - 572 {259} 572 {259} 1800** {820} Fine Aggregate (lbs.) {kg} 2859 {1300} 2673 {1210} 2673 {1210} 2673 {1210} - Water (lbs.) {kg} 509 {230} 500 {227} 488 {221} 488 {221} 750 {340} Air (oz.) {g} (minimum) - 5.2 {147} - - - Accelerator (oz.) {g} * - - - 45.2 {1280} - * The accelerator dosage will vary from brand to brand. Adjust for desired results. ** Class “F” fly ash with a maximum LOI of 15% and a maximum moisture of 25% CEMENT MORTAR FLOWABLE BACKFILL 158

Cement mortar shall have the physical properties given in Table 3 (Cement Mortar Physical Property Table).

260.03Construction Requirements

The Contractor shall furnish equipment capable of producing mortar meeting the requirements noted in this Section. All equipment must be in good working order and so maintained throughout the requirement for its use. Unless authorized otherwise, in writing, by the Engineer, the mixing and transporting equipment shall meet the requirements of Item 501.03(b)2.

During the mixing operation, the sand, fly ash, and cement shall be introduced in that order. The water and any admixtures, shall be added and the mortar allowed to mix for three minutes.

No mortar shall be placed when the ambient air temperature is below 40 °F {5 °C}, without written permission of the Engineer.

The mortar may be placed by direct discharge from the transporting vehicle, by pumping, or by any other method approved by the Engineer. The mortar material shall be brought up uniformly to the elevation or fill line shown on the plans or directed by the Engineer. To prevent damage to the low strength mortar, the freshly placed mortar shall not be subjected to load and shall remain undisturbed by construction activities for the following time periods unless approved or directed otherwise by the Engineer: Mix 1 - 48 hours; Mix 2 - 16 hours; Mix 3 - 16 hours; Mix 4 - 12 hours; Mix 5 - 48 hours.

260.04Method of Measurement

Cement Mortar Flowable Backfill will be measured for payment in cubic yards {cubic meters} of mortar, of the designated mix, as ordered and approved by the Engineer and acceptably placed.

260.05Basis of Payment

Cement mortar flowable backfill will be paid for at the contract unit price for the designated mix. This price shall be full compensation for furnishing of the mortar, including all ingredients, for the mixing, placing, and for all equipment, tools, labor, and incidentals necessary to complete this item of work.

260-A Cement Mortar Flowable Backfill, Mix ___ - per cubic yard {cubic meter} TABLE 3 - CEMENT MORTAR PHYSICAL PROPERTY TABLE Mix Designation 1 2 3 4 5 Compressive Strength 3-day (psi) {kPa} (minimum) {138} 70 {483} 300 {2070} 360 {2480} {105} 7-day (psi) {kPa} (minimum) {207} 130 {896} 500 {3450} 550 {3790} {210} 28-day (psi) {kPa} (minimum) 70 {483} 150 {1030} 900 {6210} 1000 {6890}

50 - 150 {350 – 1030} Penetration Resistance 12-hr. (psi) {kPa}

{3100} 500 {3450} 1600 {11,000} - 24-hr. (psi) {kPa} (minimum) 250 {1720} 2500 {17,240} 8500 {58,600} - 100 {700} 48-hr. (psi) {kPa} (minimum) 700 {4830} - - - 240 {1660}