666PEST CONTROL

570

Because of the destructive nature of the action of these pests to trees and ground cover with the possible result of erosion and ultimate siltation of areas, control of these pests is a necessity. Both the Engineer and the Contractor have the responsibility of continually observing the planted areas for possible pest damage. The Contractor should, upon observing any of these pests, report such to the Engineer, both verbally and in writing. The Engineer will verify any reports of this type of pest and direct appropriate treatment to be taken. The following brief descriptions are provided for ease in recognizing these pests: Armyworm: A medium size caterpillar of dark green color with white stripes on sides and down the middle of the back, Size, approximately 1 inch {25 mm} in length. This worm usually feeds only at night destroying foliage. Fall Armyworm: A medium size caterpillar of dark green color with white stripes on sides and down the middle of the back with a distinctive yellow inverted "Y" on the head capsule. Size, approximately 1 inch {25 mm}. This worm will feed both day and night destroying foliage. Cutworm: A fat bodied caterpillar with a greasy appearance, color mostly greybrown or mottled on top and lighter color underneath. Size, approximately 1 to 2 inches {25 to 50 mm} in length when full grown. This worm hides during the day and feeds at night, destroying foliage. Spittlebug: Most easily identified by a frothy mass of plant juice at the forks of plant stems resembling spittle. This pest lives inside the spittle mass. White Grubs: The immature (larval) stage of June or May beetles. Length, 0.5 to 1.5 inches {13 to 38 mm}, have three pairs of legs near the head, and characteristically rest in a C-shaped position. Their heads and rear ends are brown. Green June Beetle grubs crawl on their backs with their legs up. Pine Bark Beetles: These beetles are distinguished from other bark beetles in that the rearward end of the abdomen is scooped out and spined (4 to 6 spines on each side). The southern pine beetle and black turpentine beetle have a more rounded abdomen. The black turpentine beetle is the larger of the two, being about 1/4 inch {6 mm} long . The southern pine beetle is about 1/8 {3mm} inch long. All of the pine bark beetles are roughly cylindrical and are dark brown to black.

666.02Material

The treatments to be used under this Section shall be as per the current Alabama Pesticide Handbook or Guidelines as may be issued by the Alabama Cooperative Extension Service. As new pesticide materials are approved by the State Department of Agriculture and Industries, the Bureau of Construction may allow their use upon written request by the Contractor. All chemicals shall be a product of a reputable manufacturer, processed in accordance with all State and Federal regulations for such manufacture. Restricted Use of Insecticides Whenever the State Department of Agriculture and Industries or other Federal or State agency restricts the use of any insecticide on highway right-of-way, its initial or continued use shall require the approval of the Construction Engineer. It is illegal to place herbicides in a manner that is not consistent with the requirements shown on the insecticide container labeling.

666.03Construction Requirements

The Engineer after verification of the pest occurrence and identification of the type pest shall direct the use of treatments as noted in Article 666.02 in accordance with the following: Equipment used in the application shall be designed for the application method to be used and approved by the Engineer for use. The application of pesticides shall be performed by or under the direct supervision of a licensed pesticide applicator, licensed in the area of right-of-way pest control. Uniform coverage is required. If uniform coverage is not obtained, the Contractor shall retreat the entire area in such a manner that uniform coverage is obtained. Retreatment because of uneven coverage shall be without additional cost to the State. Retreatment shall not be performed within seven days of the original treatment. All treatments shall be at the direction of the Engineer. In all treatments, dilutions of liquids and technical material dosage applied shall follow label instructions, these Specifications and be verified by the Engineer. Any change to the dilution rates of a specific chemical or the substitution of chemicals other than those meeting the requirements of Article 666.02 must have prior written approval of the Construction Engineer and any such approved change must be without additional cost to the State. PEST CONTROL 571

Safeguards in applying insecticides are the responsibility of the Contractor, and he shall be responsible for any damage to humans or wildlife incurred during application operations. The following are minimum basic safeguards to be observed.

the Right-of-Way.

dusting is carried out near bee yards, give advance notice to beekeeper so that he can protect his bees.

therefore, all treatment shall be applied by approved ground driven equipment unless approved otherwise by the Engineer.

specific insecticides being applied in executing this work.

Contractor or subcontractor shall submit, if required by the Alabama Department of Transportation, a list of the roads, railroads, or other areas that he has treated. This list must be certified by the official for whom the work was performed.

construction, and subsequently, are not open to the public. However, should areas such as scenic overlooks, rest areas, etc., be ordered treated, precautions for the protection of the public must be taken; namely, by keeping pedestrians off the area until the insecticide dissipates from the turf area to a point that it is no longer an area of concern in accordance with the product labeling.

666.04Method of Measurement

Item 666-A will be measured in acres {hectares} computed from surface measurements taken parallel to the treated surface. Computations will be to the nearest 0.1 of an acre {0.1 ha}. Item 666-B will be measured by the gallon {liter} of dispensed solution with measurements taken from the storage vessel before and following dispersal to determine the actual amount of solution used. Computations will be to the nearest gallon {L}. Item 666-C will be measured by the square yard {square meter} of dispensed solution with surface measurements taken parallel to the treated surface. Computations will be to the nearest 0.1 square yard {0.1 square meter}.

666.05Basis of Payment

Completed and accepted pest control treatment measured as noted above shall be full compensation for the furnishing of the respective insecticide noted, for the uniform application of the insecticide and for all materials, equipment, tools, labor and incidentals necessary for the satisfactory completion of the work.

666-A Pest Control Treatment- per acre {ha} 666-B Spot Pest Control Treatment - ( * ) ( ** ) ( *** ) ( **** ) per gallon {L} 666-C Spot Pest Control Treatment - ( * ) ( ** ) ( *** ) ( **** ) per square yard {square meter} * Specify Type ** Specify Rate *** Specify Carrier Rate of Application **** Specify Type of Carrier PRE-EMERGENT HERBICIDE TREATMENT 572

PRE-EMERGENT HERBICIDE TREATMENT

668.01Description

This section shall cover the work of applying soil active herbicide(s) on the highway right-of-way in accordance with the plans, specifications, material label instructions, or as directed by the Engineer to control the growth of noxious weeds, brush, vines and grasses.

668.02Materials

Materials furnished for use in this vegetation control work shall be produced by reputable, recognized manufacturers and registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Materials shall be licensed for use in the State of Alabama and shall be pre-qualified for use by the Alabama Department of Transportation. An approved drift control agent shall be used in all liquid broadcast applications. Adjuvants, such as, but not limited to, surfactants shall be used when called for by product label instructions of the herbicide designated on the plans or directed by the Engineer. All herbicide and related adjuvants shall be labeled for right-of-way use. Unless specified otherwise by the plans and/or proposal, potable water shall be the carrier for dispersing the herbicide. The use of herbicides other than those dispensed with a water carrier, such as granules, pellets, powders, capsules, etc., shall be placed as indicated on the product label at locations indicated on the plans, or as directed by the Engineer. Herbicides and their application rates that are approved for use on ALDOT rights-of-way may be found in the latest edition of the Addendum to “A Manual for Roadside Vegetation Management – Chapter IV” which is revised by ALDOT’s Maintenance Bureau Agronomists. The type of herbicide required on the project and the required application rate will be shown on the Plans.

668.03Construction Requirements

The Contractor shall utilize equipment in this contract that is in good working condition and is suitable and safe for accurately dispensing herbicide within the right-of-way limits of the highway and for performing the work required under this contract. The contractor shall provide sufficient equipment and accessory items necessary for efficient operation and completion of the herbicide application in the designated time limitations. Broadcast spraying equipment shall be capable of controlling the rate of application using a computerized, calibrated sprayer. The computer module and accessory equipment shall be capable of monitoring ground speed with the ability to compensate the output volume of the spray solution to provide accurate and uniform dispensing of the spray solution to the surface area of the highway right-of-way throughout the operable speed range. The computer shall have a non- volatile memory with the ability to store and report data. Reporting capability shall include quantity of material sprayed, area treated, and hours of operation on a daily basis. Equipment shall be capable of dispensing herbicide by either (1) tank mixed solution, or (2) chemical injection and mixing immediately prior to the distribution nozzles. In the event tank mix equipment is used, means shall be provided for constant agitation (either jet or mechanical) of the mixture during the filling and spraying operation. Each piece of equipment shall be equipped with a hand gun and nozzles capable of spreading the mixed solution uniformly, at the specified rate, over surface areas missed or inaccessible to the broadcast spraying. Herbicide application equipment operated from the roadway or paved shoulder surface shall follow all MUTCD guidelines for a mobile operation. . Smaller motorized ground operated equipment may be used with the approval of the Engineer. This equipment may be used on smaller areas, such as landscaped areas within the limits of the right-of-way. The smaller areas are defined as the areas that are inaccessable to truck mounted and agricultural type sprayers normally used for broadcast applications from the roadway or open areas within the right-of-way. This smaller motorized ground operated equipment shall be equipped with a hand gun and/or nozzles capable of spreading the mixed solution uniformly over the area to be treated. Means shall be provided for constant agitation (either jet or mechanical) of the mixture during the filling and spraying operations.