811.01 General.
b.Admixture Types . Type A Water -reducing admixtures Type B Retarding admixtures Type C Accelerating admixtures Type D Water -reducing and retarding admixtures Type E Water -reducing and accelerating admixtures Type F Water -reducing, high range admixtures Type G Water -reducing, high range, and retarding admixtures
c.Acceptance of Material for Use . The Department has established a list of Chemical Admixtures For Use In Portland Cement Concrete. These products can be found on List II -1 of the Department’s "Materials, S ources, and Devices With Special Acceptance Requirements" Manual. Refer to Subarticle 106.01(f) and ALDOT -355 concerning this list. SECTION 810 GEOTEXTILES
810.01 Geotextile Filters.
Geotextile filters shall m eet the appropriate chemical and physical requirements of AASHTO M 288 for the application for which the material is to be used. The Department has established a list of acceptable Geotextiles. Only the materials on this list shall be furnished for use. Th is list, List II -3, is given in the "Materials, Sources, and Devices With Special Acceptance Requirements" Manual. Information concerning this list is given in Subarticle 106.01(f) and ALDOT -355. Geotextile rolls shall be furnished with a suitable wrappin g for protection against moisture and extended ultraviolet exposure prior to placement. Each roll shall be labeled or tagged to provide product identification sufficient for inventory and quality control purposes. Rolls shall be stored in a manner which protects them from the elements. If stored outdoors, they shall be elevated and protected with a waterproof cover. The geotextile shall be formed in widths of not less than 6 feet {2 m}. Sheets of geotextile may be sewn together with thread of a material meeting the chemical requirements given for the plastic yarn to form filter widths as required. The sheets of geotextile shall be sewn together at the point of manufacture or another approved location. POLYMER ADDITIVES FOR ASPHALT MATERIALS
811.01 General.
Any polymer not specifically addressed in this Section shall not be used. Variations in composition of polymers listed in this Section will also be considered, if requested in writing to the M aterials and Tests Engineer. The use of any polymer shall require the submittal of a written certification to the Materials and Tests Engineer from the manufacturer showing test results for physical properties of the material including, as a minimum, polym er types, polymer percentages, percentage of any cross linking agent and specific gravity. The manufacturer shall also submit a procedure for incorporating the polymer into the asphalt material for actual production and laboratory blending, which would inc lude blending procedures, desired temperatures, duration of blending, etc. A sample of the bituminous material along with an infrared trace using ALDOT 408 procedure or AASHTO T 302 for emulsions showing the styrene and butadiene peaks and percentage of po lymer shall also be submitted by the refinery to the Department for laboratory evaluation prior to use. This submittal shall be made annually or upon request by the Department or if the manufacturer changes polymer sources. Field blends of emulsions shall not require an FTIR trace.
811.02 Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) Latex for Hot Mix Asphalt.
811.02 Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) Latex for Hot Mix Asphalt.
The latex to be used shall be unvulcanized styrene butadiene rubber in liquid latex form. A sample of the asphalt binder at the appropriate polymer loading along wi th an infrared trace showing the styrene and butadiene peaks shall be submitted to the Department for laboratory evaluation semi -annually or if the manufacturer changes polymer sources. The manufacturer of the SBR latex shall provide a written certificatio n showing test results for total rubber solids, percent styrene and butadiene monomer, ash content, and viscosity. The test results shall comply with the following minimum requirements: Total Solids, % by weight {mass} (min.) 67 Monomer Ratio Butadiene/Styrene, % 75/25 ± 3 Brookfield, Viscosity, RVT #3 Spindle, 20 rpm 500-2000 Total weight per gallon {mass per liter, kg} 7.7 – 8.0 {3.5 - 3.6} Total Ash (max.), % of Total Rubber Solids, ASTM D 297 3.5
811.03 SBR Latex for Asphalt Surface Tr eatments.
The SBR latex to be used shall be an unvulcanized styrene butadiene rubber in liquid latex form. The manufacturer of the SBR latex shall provide a written certification showing test results for total rubber solids, percent styrene and butadiene monomer, ash content, and viscosity. The test results shall comply with the following minimum requirements: Cationic CRS-2 Compatible Total Solids, % by weight {mass} (min.) 60 Monomer Ratio Butadiene/Styrene, % 75/25 ± 3 Brookfield, Viscosity, RVT #3 Spindle, 20 rpm 500-3000 Total Ash (max.), % of Total Rubber Solids, ASTM D 297 3.5 Before beginning the SBR latex rubber surface treatment operation, and as often thereafter as deemed necessary, the Department will check the compatibility of the SBR latex and the asphalt emulsion by using the following pro cedure:
1.Measure 100 ml of hot asphalt emulsion (160 °F {71 °C}) in beaker.
2.Add 10% of SBR latex to the hot emulsion.
3.Using a stirring rod, mix the contents by hand for a minimum of two minutes. Check for coagulum.
4.Allow to cool to ambient temp erature. Note any separation or coagulum. If the SBR latex -asphalt emulsion is in a smooth liquid state, the materials show compatibility. If the materials coagulate, the Contractor will be required to make any changes necessary, such as lowering the pH of the asphalt emulsion or slightly increasing the surfactant in the asphalt emulsion, to create compatibility of the materials. The SBR latex -asphalt emulsion shall be used within 24 hours after combining the materials unless special authorization of the En gineer allows otherwise.
811.04 Styrene Butadiene (SB) or Styrene Butadiene Styrene (SBS) for Hot Mix
Asphalt. A sample of the asphalt binder at the appropriate polymer loading, along with an infrared trace using ALDOT 408 showing the styrene and butadiene peaks, along with the percent polymer added shall be submitted to the Department for laboratory evaluation.
814.01 Stone.
SECTION 812 MASONRY STONE
812.01 Masonry Stone.
a.Type I Masonry Stone . Stone for coursed and uncoursed rubble masonry shall be of approved quality, sound, durable, and free from segregations, seams, cracks, and other structural defects or imperfections tending to destroy its resistance to stresses and the weather. It shall be free from rounded, worn, or weathered surfaces. All weathered stone shall be rejected. It shall be kept free from dirt, oil, or any other injurious material which may prevent the proper adhesion of the mortar. Unless otherwise provided or shown on the plans, individual stones shall have a thic kness of not less than 6 inches {150 mm}. No stone having a horizontal dimension less than 12 inches {300 mm} or less than its thickness shall be used except for filling the interior of the wall.
b.Type II Masonry Stone . This stone shall meet the requirements of Type I Masonry Stone above, except that the dimensions of the individual stones shall be 4 to 6 inches {100 to 150 mm} in depth and shall have a reasonably flat top surface of a width not less than 2 inches {50 mm} and length not less than the dep th. All stones shall be inspected before and after laying and all rejected material shall be removed immediately from the work.
c.Type III Masonry Stone . Stone for rustic masonry shall be rough quarried or field stone of varying sizes and shapes, suitabl e for the purpose intended and with no attempt made toward squaring or dressing. SECTION 814 RIPRAP MATERIALS
814.01 Stone.
a.General . All stone for riprap shall consist of field stone or rough unhewn quarry stone as nearly r ectangular in section as is practicable. When tested as specified in AASHTO T 104, the stone shall show a soundness of not less than 85 percent for 5 cycles, using sodium sulphate, and shall be suitable in all other respects for the purpose intended. It sh all have a percentage wear not over 60 percent by the Los Angeles Test, AASHTO T 96, and shall meet the requirements of Article 801.02 for deleterious substances; however, the requirements for deleterious substances may be modified by the Engineer. Contro l of the gradation of the various classes of riprap will be by visual inspection either at the source or the project site at the Engineer's option. Any difference of opinion between the Engineer and the Contractor shall be resolved by checking two random t ruck loads (or equivalent size sample) in accordance with the method provided in ALDOT -239 with all the equipment, labor, and sorting site for this check being provided by the Contractor at his expense.
b.Class 1 Riprap . Stone for this class riprap shall consist of graded stones ranging from 10 to 100 pounds {5 to 50 kg} with not more than 10% having a weight {mass} over 100 pounds {50 kg} and at least 50% having a weight {mass} over 50 pounds {25 kg} and not over 10% having a weight {mass} under 10 pound s {5 kg}.
c.Class 2 Riprap . Stone for this class riprap shall consist of graded stones ranging from 10 to 200 pounds {5 kg to 100 kg} with not over 10% having a weight {mass} over 200 pounds {100 kg} and at least 50% having a weight {mass} over 80 pounds {40 kg} and not over 10% having a weight {mass} under 10 pounds {5 kg}.
d.Class 3 Riprap . Stone for this class riprap shall consist of reasonably well graded stones ranging from 25 pounds to 500 pounds {10 kg to 250 kg} with not over 10% having a weight {mass} over 500 pounds {250 kg}, at least 50% having a weight {mass} over 200 pounds {100 kg} and not more than 15% having a weight {mass} under 25 pounds {10 kg}.
Source: Alabama Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2022 Edition. Pages 726–727 of 934.