814.01 Stone.
SECTION 812 MASONRY STONE
812.01 Masonry Stone.
a.Type I Masonry Stone . Stone for coursed and uncoursed rubble masonry shall be of approved quality, sound, durable, and free from segregations, seams, cracks, and other structural defects or imperfections tending to destroy its resistance to stresses and the weather. It shall be free from rounded, worn, or weathered surfaces. All weathered stone shall be rejected. It shall be kept free from dirt, oil, or any other injurious material which may prevent the proper adhesion of the mortar. Unless otherwise provided or shown on the plans, individual stones shall have a thic kness of not less than 6 inches {150 mm}. No stone having a horizontal dimension less than 12 inches {300 mm} or less than its thickness shall be used except for filling the interior of the wall.
b.Type II Masonry Stone . This stone shall meet the requirements of Type I Masonry Stone above, except that the dimensions of the individual stones shall be 4 to 6 inches {100 to 150 mm} in depth and shall have a reasonably flat top surface of a width not less than 2 inches {50 mm} and length not less than the dep th. All stones shall be inspected before and after laying and all rejected material shall be removed immediately from the work.
c.Type III Masonry Stone . Stone for rustic masonry shall be rough quarried or field stone of varying sizes and shapes, suitabl e for the purpose intended and with no attempt made toward squaring or dressing. RIPRAP MATERIALS
814.01 Stone.
a.General . All stone for riprap shall consist of field stone or rough unhewn quarry stone as nearly r ectangular in section as is practicable. When tested as specified in AASHTO T 104, the stone shall show a soundness of not less than 85 percent for 5 cycles, using sodium sulphate, and shall be suitable in all other respects for the purpose intended. It sh all have a percentage wear not over 60 percent by the Los Angeles Test, AASHTO T 96, and shall meet the requirements of Article 801.02 for deleterious substances; however, the requirements for deleterious substances may be modified by the Engineer. Contro l of the gradation of the various classes of riprap will be by visual inspection either at the source or the project site at the Engineer's option. Any difference of opinion between the Engineer and the Contractor shall be resolved by checking two random t ruck loads (or equivalent size sample) in accordance with the method provided in ALDOT -239 with all the equipment, labor, and sorting site for this check being provided by the Contractor at his expense.
b.Class 1 Riprap . Stone for this class riprap shall consist of graded stones ranging from 10 to 100 pounds {5 to 50 kg} with not more than 10% having a weight {mass} over 100 pounds {50 kg} and at least 50% having a weight {mass} over 50 pounds {25 kg} and not over 10% having a weight {mass} under 10 pound s {5 kg}.
c.Class 2 Riprap . Stone for this class riprap shall consist of graded stones ranging from 10 to 200 pounds {5 kg to 100 kg} with not over 10% having a weight {mass} over 200 pounds {100 kg} and at least 50% having a weight {mass} over 80 pounds {40 kg} and not over 10% having a weight {mass} under 10 pounds {5 kg}.
d.Class 3 Riprap . Stone for this class riprap shall consist of reasonably well graded stones ranging from 25 pounds to 500 pounds {10 kg to 250 kg} with not over 10% having a weight {mass} over 500 pounds {250 kg}, at least 50% having a weight {mass} over 200 pounds {100 kg} and not more than 15% having a weight {mass} under 25 pounds {10 kg}.
814.02 Concrete Sacked Riprap.
e.Class 4 Riprap . Stone for this class riprap shall consist of reasonably well graded stones ranging from 50 to 1000 pounds {25 kg to 450 kg} with not over 25% having a weight {mass} over 1000 pounds {450 kg}, at least 50% having a weight {mass} over 500 pounds {250 kg} and not more than 25% having a weight {mass} under 50 pounds {25 kg}.
f.Class 5 Riprap . Stone for this class riprap shall consist of reasonably well graded stones ranging from 2000 pounds {900 kg} and down with not over 10% having a weight {mass} over 2000 pounds {900 kg}, at least 50% having a weight {mass} over 1000 pounds { 450 kg} and not more than 25% having a weight {mass} under 200 pounds {100 kg}.
814.02 Concrete Sacked Riprap.
a.Sacks . Sacks shall be new, unused, manufactured from jute, cotton, burlap, reinforced paper, or other approved materials capable of holding t he cement mixture without significant leakage when handled. The sacks shall be of uniform size and dimension with a capacity of approximately 0.75 cubic feet {0.025m3}.
b.Aggregate . Local sand, gravel, or other designated aggregates shall be from sources approved by the Engineer suitable for the purpose intended.
c.Cement . Cement shall meet the requirements of Section 815.
d.Water . Water shall meet the requirements of Section 807.
e.Mixing . The aggregate and cement shall be formulated by volu metric measure in the proportions of one part cement to four parts sand and five parts gravel or nine parts of bank run gravel, or to designated proportions of other materials, then damp mixed in a concrete mixer using sufficient water to provide for a cru mbly consistency.
f.Prepackaged Concrete Sacked Riprap . Prepackaged sack riprap which utilizes approved bagging material and a dry mixture of predried sand-cement material may be substituted for the concrete sacked riprap noted in this Article provided
1.the source or prepackaging operation has been approved by the Materials and Tests Engineer, (2) the packing material is permeable and absorptive enough to permit passage of sufficient water to provide for hydration of the cement, (3) the sand and cement materials are from sources acceptable to the Materials and Tests Engineer, (4) the sand and cement are dry mixed in the proportions of 5 cubic feet {0.14 m³} of sand to one bag of cement until uniform in color, (6) packaging, handling, and storage shall b e such as to prevent damage to the prepackaged material, especially from collecting excess moisture until placed.
814.03 Filter Blanket.
a.General . Filter blanket material shall consist of a blanket of aggregate or geotextile blanket placed under a ripra p material.
b.Aggregate Blanket . An aggregate blanket may be either gravel or crushed stone ALDOT Size No. 467 aggregate, unless otherwise shown on the plans, reasonably free from flat or elongated pieces and from organic or soft friable particles in obj ectionable quantities.
c.Geotextile Blanket . The geotextile shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 288 for Permanent Erosion Control Geotextile and Section 810 of these specifications.
815.11 Use, Care, and Handling.
SECTION 815 CEMENT
815.01 Type I Portland Cement.
Type I Portland Cement shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 85 and the additional requirements shown below.
815.02 Type II Portland Cement.
Type II Portland Cement shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 85 and the additi onal requirements shown below.
815.03 Type III Portland Cement (High Early Strength).
Type III Portland Cement shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 85 and the additional requirements shown below.
815.04 Type IS Portland Blast Furnace Slag Cement.
Type I S Portland blast furnace slag cement shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 240, Blended Hydraulic Cement.
815.05 Type IL Portland Limestone Cement .
Type IL Portland limestone cement shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 240, Blended Hydraulic Cement.
815.06 Masonry Cement.
Masonry cement shall meet the requirements of ASTM C 91.
815.07 Chemical Properties.
The Specifications for all cements as covered by Articles 8 15.01 to 815.06, inclusive, are amended to the effect that the total alkali content of any cement used, calculated as the percentage of sodium oxide (Na 2O) plus the product of 0.658 times the percentage of potassium oxide (K 2O), shall not exceed 0.60 percent. In addition to the above, for Type II cement covered by Article 815.02, the standard chemical requirement shown in Table 1 of AASHTO M 85 for Tricalcium Silicate (C 3S) is hereby waived.
815.08 Testing of Cement.
All cement furnished for use shall be tested before use or be from an approved producer meeting the requirements of ALDOT -227, Quality Control of Portland and Blended Hydraulic Cements, and listed on List I -2, PRODUCERS OF PORTLAND AND BLENDED CEMENT, of the Department's "Materials, Sources, and Devices With Special Acceptance Requirements" Manual. Refer to Subarticle 106.01(f) and ALDOT - 355 concerning this list.
815.09 Flash Set and False Set.
Flash set and false set, as determined by ASTM C 451, shall be cause for rejection of the cement.
815.10 Unusual Appearance.
Unusual appearance as to color, etc. shall be sufficient grounds for rejection of the cement.
815.11 Use, Care, and Handling.
a.Use.
1.Bulk cement will be permitted provided the bulk cement is handled as follows:
a.Portland cemen t shall be measured by weight {mass}, considering that one bag of cement is equivalent to 94 pounds {42 kg} net of cement.
b.Handling equipment and the equipment used for weight {mass} determination shall be inspected by the Engineer prior to use. Cement shall be fully protected from contamination or damage during handling.
c.Bulk cement shall be batched by weight {mass}, and scales may be of either the beam or springless dial type and shall be the product of a reputable manufacturer. Scales shall be accu rate to within a tolerance of 5 pounds per 1000 pounds {2 kg per 455 kg} net load in the hopper. The value of the minimum gradation of any scale shall not be greater than 0.1 percent of the scale capacity.
Source: Alabama Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2022 Edition. Pages 728–729 of 934.