852.01 Vitrified Clay Pipe.
851.04 Vitrified Clay Pipe (VC).
a.General. VC used in the construction of side drain culverts shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 65 or ASTM C 700 for Extra Strength pipe.
b.Handling and Storage. Handling and Storage shall meet the requirements of Subarticle 850.01(f).
851.05 Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe (PVC).
PVC shall meet one of the following specifications: ASTM D 2241, F 789, D 1785, D 2665, D 3034, D 2680, F 794, F 949, or F 679.
851.06 Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Pipe (ABS).
ABS shall meet the requirements of ASTM D 27 51 or D 2680.
851.07 High Density Polyethylene Pipe (HDPE).
HDPE shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 294, Type S. HDPE shall be furnished from an approved producer. Approved producers are shown on List I -11, "Producers of High Density Polyethylene Pipe" in the Department’s "Materials, Sources and Devices with Special Acceptance Requirements" manual. Information concerning this list is given in Subarticle 106.01(f).
851.08 High Performance Polypropylene Pipe (PP).
PP shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 330. PP shall be furnished from an approved producer. Approved producers are shown on List I -14, "Producers of High Performance Polypropylene Pipe" in the Department’s "Materials, Sources and Devices with Special Acceptance Requirements" manual. Inform ation concerning this list is given in Subarticle 106.01(f).
851.09 Special Requirements.
The Specifications for all pipes, as covered by Articles 851.05, 851.06, 851.07, and 851.08 are amended to the effect that any of these materials are acceptable in an y configuration which will meet the criteria listed below:
1.Pipe shall have a minimum pipe stiffness as shown in AASHTO M 294 for HDPE, AASHTO M 304 for PVC, ASTM D 2751 for ABS, and AASHTO M 330 for PP when tested in accordance with ASTM D 2412.
2.Fill heights will be restricted to 50 feet {15 m} maximum. Pipe cover shall be 12 inches {300 mm} minimum.
3.All joints shall be soil -tight.
4.Pipe ends shall be encased in accordance with Special Drawing Number HW -614-SP. UNDERDRAIN PIPE MATERIALS
852.01 Vitrified Clay Pipe.
This pipe shall meet requirements for standard strength, either plain or perforated pipe of AASHTO M 65 or ASTM C 700.
852.02 Concrete Pipe.
This pipe shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 86, Class 1 for plain pipe ; for perforated pipe AASHTO M 86, Class 1 and AASHTO M 175, Type 1 or 2; for porous concrete pipe, AASHTO M 176, extra strength class, with special attention directed to Section 831, Precast Concrete Products.
852.03 Corrugated Iron or Steel Pipe.
This pi pe shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 36 for Type III, Class I, II, or III Pipe, fabricated from a specified sheet thickness of 0.064 inches {1.6 mm} and may be perforated or non -perforated as required.
852.04 Coated Corrugated Iron or Steel Pipe.
This pipe shall meet the requirements of Article 852.03 coated as specified in Subarticle 850.02(c).
852.11 Handling and Storage.
852.05 Corrugated Aluminum Pipe.
This pipe shall meet requirements of AASHTO M 196 for Type III, Class I, II, or III, pipe fabricated from a specifie d sheet thickness of 0.060 inches {1.5 mm} and may be perforated or non -perforated as required.
852.06 Coated Corrugated Aluminum Pipe.
This pipe shall meet requirements of Article 852.05 coated as specified in Subarticle 850.02(c).
852.07 Poly(Vinyl Chlor ide) (P.V.C.) Pipe.
This pipe shall meet the requirements of ASTM D 3034. Pipe having a nominal diameter of 4 inches {100 mm} shall have a standard dimension ratio (SDR) of 35; pipe having a nominal diameter of 6 inches {150 mm} or more shall have a standa rd dimension ratio of either 35 or 41. Perforations, if required, shall be in accordance with the perforation requirements of AASHTO M 175 for either Type 1 or Type 2. Pipe meeting the requirements of ASTM F 949 or ASTM F 758, Type PS 28 or Type PS 46, may be used in lieu of the above designated pipe.
852.08 Acrylonitrile -Butadiene -Styrene (A.B.S.) Pipe.
This pipe shall meet the requirements of ASTM D 2751 for SDR 42 or SDR 35 pipe. Perforations, if required, shall be in accordance with the perforation requ irements of AASHTO M 175 for either Type 1 or Type 2.
852.09 High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Pipe.
This pipe shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 252, and in addition have a full circular cross-section, with an outer corrugated pipe wall and a smooth i nner liner. Corrugations may be either annular or helical. Pipe may be perforated or non -perforated as required. HDPE pipe shall be furnished from an approved producer. Approved producers are shown on List I -11, "Producers of High Density Polyethylene Pipe" in the Department’s "Material, Sources and Devices with Special Acceptance Requirements" manual. Information concerning this list is given in Subarticle 106.01(f).
852.10 Filter Material.
a.Type A - Coarse Filter Material . The coarse filter material may be slag, gravel, or crushed stone, meeting gradation of ALDOT sizes 67, 7, 78, or 710, at the Contractor's option, provided he gives the Engineer written notice of his choice in advance. Soundness and Los Angeles Abrasion tests will not be req uired.
b.Type B - Fine Filter Material . Fine filter material shall be reasonably clean, natural sand or manufactured sand produced from the crushing of quartzite gravel, sandstone, or sandstone conglomerates meeting the following requirements: Permeabili ty - at least 0.5 mm/sec when measured by the constant head method of AASHTO T 215. Gradation limits when tested in accordance with AASHTO T 27. Sieve No. % Passing 3/8 inch {9.5 mm} 95 - 100 No. 200 {75 µm} 0 - 7
852.11 Handling and Storage.
Pipe shall be handled, transported, delivered, and stored by methods that will not damage the pipe or coating. Any pipe damaged or bent will be rejected, even though previously inspected and found satisfactory, and shall be replaced or repaired at the Engineer's option, without additional compensation. Bituminous coating scratched or damaged shall be repaired in a satisfactory manner with bituminous material.
853.01 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe.
SECTION 853 SANITARY SEWER PIPE, MANHOLES, AND APPURTENANCES
853.01 Ductile Iron Sewer Pipe.
Ductile Iron pipe shall meet the requirements of ANSI/AWWA C 151/A21.51 unless otherwise stated in the project specifications and plans. The pipe shall have an inner cement mortar lining meeting AWWA C 104 and an outer bituminous coating. The push -on joints shall meet the requirements of AWWA C 111. The flanged pipe joints shall meet the requirements of AWWA C 115. Restrained joints shall meet the requirements of AWWA C 110. Lock joint pipe shall meet the requirements of AWWA C 151. The pipe length shall be 18 – 20 feet {5.5 – 6.1 meters}.
853.02 Ductile Iron Fittings.
Ductile Iron fittings shall meet the requirements of AWWA C 110 or AWWA C 151 when approved by the Engineer. Fittings shall have an inner cement mortar lining meeting AWWA C 104 and an outer bitum inous coating. The fitting shall have a minimum pressure rating equal to the pipe being installed.
853.03 Polyvinyl Chloride Sewer Pipe (PVC) and Fittings.
Pipe for pressure flow applications shall meet the requirements of ASTM D 2241 for SDR 17 or AWWA C 900 for DR 18 with a minimum cell classification 12454- B as defined in ASTM D 1784. Fittings for pressure flow applications shall be ductile iron meeting the requirements of AWWA C 110. Pipe and fittings for gravity flow applications shall meet the require ments of ASTM D 2665, ASTM D 3034 for SDR 35, or ASTM F949 with a minimum cell classification 12454- B as defined in ASTM D 1784. Marking tape shall be provided for all PVC force mains to allow for locating by location equipment.
853.04 High Density Polyeth ylene Pipe (HDPE) and Fittings.
HDPE pipe and bends shall meet the requirements of ASTM D 1248, ASTM D 3350 (Grade PE 3408), and ASTM F 714. The HDPE pipe shall have a minimum wall thickness determined by the depth of bury and loading on the pipe.
853.05 High Performance Polypropylene Pipe (PP) and Fittings .
PP pipe and bends shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M330. The PP pipe shall have a minimum wall thickness determined by the depth of bury and loading on the pipe. PP pipe shall be furnished from an approved producer. Approved producers are shown on List I -14, "Producers of High Performance Polypropylene Pipe" in the Department’s "Materials, Sources and Devices with Special Acceptance Requirements" manual. Information concerning this list is given in Subarticle 106.01(f).
853.06 Handling and Storage of Pipe.
Pipe shall be handled, transported, delivered, and stored by methods that will not damage the pipe, coatings, or linings. Any pipe damaged or bent will be rejected even though previously inspected and found satisfactory, and shall be replaced or repaired at the Engineer's option, without additional compensation. Coating or linings scratched shall be repaired in a satisfactory manner with appropriate material.
853.07 Joint Materials for Pip e.
Joint material shall provide a suitable waterproof joint capable of withstanding internal pressure of the system involved and be of an approved type. Thermally fused joints will be allowed if installed according to the pipe manufacturer’s recommendatio ns.
853.08 Manholes.
Precast reinforced concrete manholes shall meet the requirements of ASTM C 478. The manhole shall consist of the base, riser, transition, and conical sections and shall have a minimal number of joints. The minimum nominal diameter of m anholes shall be 48 inches {1220 mm} for pipe sizes less than 24 inches {600 mm}. The aggregate shall be calcareous rock. Concrete used to cast manholes shall comprised with Type I/II or Type II cement only. The cone shaped top section shall be either co nical or eccentric as required by the project plans and specifications. The top section of manholes less than 6 feet {1.82 m} in depth shall be flat concrete slabs and shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C 478. Basis of acceptance
Source: Alabama Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2022 Edition. Pages 773–774 of 934.