850ROADWAY PIPE

726

corrugations or ribs and as near as practical to the neutral axis of the corrugations or mid-point between ribs, for all sizes without perforations. The seam shall be so designed and fabricated as to develop strength and serviceability equal to that of riveted pipe of the same wall thickness.

and as near as practical to the neutral axis of the corrugations. The welding process shall be so controlled that the combined width of the weld and the adjacent spelter coat burned by the welding operation shall not exceed three times the thickness of the metal being joined. If the spelter is damaged outside the above specified width, the weld and the damaged area adjacent to the weld shall be cleaned and treated as required by the appropriate Article of AASHTO M 36. A coating of rust on the base metal portions of the weld is not considered a defect. The welding process shall be such that the welded seam strength shall not be less than 70 percent of the base metal. The manufacturer of welded seam pipe shall submit a certified test report of his production testing that shows the production will meet the above noted weld strength requirements. One test will be reported for each day's production run with the test performed on the final joint produced for that day.

with coupling bands shall be reformed to provide a minimum of two standard size circumferential corrugations.

Protective coating for corrugated metal round and arch pipe shall meet one of the requirements noted in this Article. Concrete linings for corrugated steel round pipe shall meet the requirements specified in Subarticle (d) of this Article. Paved inverts shall be formed by the addition of a smooth pavement in the invert of the pipe filling the corrugations for at least 25% of the circumference for a round pipe and 40% for an arch pipe. The pavement shall have a minimum thickness of 1/8 of an inch {3 mm} above the crest of the corrugations, except where the upper edges intersect the corrugations. In addition the following will be required for the manufacturer of each length of coated pipe shipped to a project:

with duct tape for identification. This covered section shall include the heat number and metal thickness.

personnel.

and tested by the Central Laboratory.

Bituminous coating shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 190 for Type "A" Pipe. Polymeric coatings on precoated metal sheets meeting the requirements of AASHTO M 246 for Type "B" sheets may be used provided the pipe is fabricated so that the heavier coating is located on the inside of the pipe.

Paved inverts for bituminous coated pipe shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 190 for Type "C" Pipe. Paved inverts for pipe formed from precoated metal sheets shall be compatible with the coating material, capable of providing an acceptable bond with coating material and otherwise meeting the same basic test requirements of Section 5 of AASHTO M 190.

Concrete lined pipe shall be bituminous coated on the outside as outlined in Item 2 above. Although not required, bituminous coating of the inside of the pipe will be permitted. Concrete for the lining shall be composed of cement, fine aggregate, and water that are well mixed and of such consistency as to produce a dense, homogeneous, non-segregated lining. The cement shall be Portland cement, Type II, conforming to AASHTO M 85. Aggregate shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 6 except the sections on gradation and uniformity of gradation. ROADWAY PIPE 727

100% of the aggregate shall pass the No. 4 {4.75 mm} sieve with not more than 10% passing the No. 200 {75 µm} sieve. The concrete used as lining shall have a minimum 28 day compressive strength of 5000 psi {35 MPa} when tested in accordance with AASHTO T 22. The concrete lining shall be applied in one or more courses by a machine traveling through the pipe and discharging the concrete over stationary pipe sections. The rate of travel of the machine and the rate of concrete discharge shall be regulated so as to produce a homogeneous, non-segregated lining throughout. The lining machine shall be equipped with attachments for mechanically troweling the concrete lining. The trowel attachment shall be such that the pressure applied to the lining will be uniform and shall produce a lining that has a uniform thickness and a smooth surface. The concrete lining thickness shall be 3/8 inch + 1/8 inch {10 mm + 3 mm} over the inside crests of the corrugations. The manufacturer shall submit certifications stating the gage of the pipe and that the cement, aggregate, and the lining itself all comply with the above specifications. Random samples of the cement, aggregate, and cylinders made from the lining mixture shall be submitted on request of the Department. If cylinders are required, they shall be made from the last batch mix of the day's operation. Either standard rodded cylinders or cylinders compacted and cured in the same manner as the pipe lining will be acceptable. The minimum average 28 day compressive strength of cylinders tested from any one batch shall be 5000 psi {35 MPa}.

Connecting bands shall be made of material conforming to AASHTO M 218 or to AASHTO M 274 depending on the type of metallic coat on the pipe. All bands shall have a minimum of two circumferential corrugations which shall effectively engage the second, as a minimum, circumferential corrugated valley from the end of each pipe. Connecting bands shall be no more than three nominal sheet thicknesses lighter than the thickness of the pipe to be connected but in no case lighter than 17 gage. Bolts and nuts for connecting bands, furnished in sufficient sizes and numbers to adequately perform the intended function, shall conform to the requirements of ASTM A 307. Band connection hardware consisting of bolts, nuts, bars, and rivets shall be galvanized in accordance with the requirements of AASHTO M 232 or be coated by the electroplating process as provided in ASTM B 633 Class Fe/Zn 8. Protective coatings for connecting bands shall be the same as used on the pipes which are being connected and shall meet the appropriate requirements for such noted in Subarticle (c) above.

Pipe shall be handled, transported, delivered, and stored by methods that will not damage the pipe or bituminous coating, and with the paved invert at the bottom of the pipe. Any pipe damaged or bent will be rejected even though previously inspected and found satisfactory, and shall be replaced or repaired at the Engineer's option, without additional compensation. Damaged coating or paving shall be repaired in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer using approved materials.

850.03Corrugated Aluminum Pipe

Corrugated aluminum pipes used in the construction of roadway culverts shall be either circular or arch pipe meeting the requirements of AASHTO M 196 except as provided in this Article or shown on the plans. The pitch and depth of corrugation allowed by the AASHTO Specifications but not covered by plan details must be approved by the Department before use. Acceptance of pipe will be based on job site inspection for workmanship and compliance with fabrication requirements. A certificate of compliance for each shipment as per AASHTO M 196 will not be required; however, a copy of the manufacturer's analysis of the sheets used in the manufacture of the pipe shall be furnished. For correlation of the specified plate thickness of corrugated metal pipe, and aluminum sheet thickness shown in the detailed plans, the following shall apply: SIDE DRAIN PIPE 728

Aluminum Sheet Thickness

Specified Culvert Sheet Thickness

0.060 inches {1.5 mm} 0.064 inches {1.6 mm} 0.075 inches {1.9 mm} 0.079 inches {2.0 mm} 0.105 inches {2.7 mm} 0.109 inches {2.8 mm} 0.135 inches {3.4 mm} 0.138 inches {3.5 mm} 0.164 inches {4.2 mm} 0.168 inches {4.3 mm} NOTE: Minimum acceptable aluminum sheet thickness 0.060 inches {1.5 mm}. Tolerances for aluminum sheet thickness noted in Table 1 AASHTO M 197 shall apply.

All pipe furnished under this Article shall be fabricated with circumferential corrugations and a riveted lap joint or with helical corrugations and a continuous lock seam or welded seam extending from end to end of each length of pipe provided the seams and ends of the pipe comply with the additional requirements of paragraph 2 of Subarticle 850.02(b).

Bituminous coatings and paved inverts shall comply with the requirements of Subarticle 850.02(c).

The width and design of connection bands shall be as noted in AASHTO M 196 with the pitch and depth of corrugations, etc. consistent with the type corrugations of the pipe being used. Bituminous coating for use with bituminous coated pipe and pipe arches shall conform to the appropriate requirements of AASHTO M 190.

Handling and storage shall meet the requirements of Subarticle 850.02(f). SIDE DRAIN PIPE

851.01Concrete Pipe

Concrete pipe shall be reinforced circular or reinforced arch concrete pipe except that pipe 24 inches {600 mm} or less in diameter, and equivalent size arch pipe, may be plain concrete provided the pipe meets all other requirements of this Article.

When so permitted by the plans or in the proposal, pipe of designs other than those shown in the standard plans may be permitted; however, such pipe must meet the performance and test requirements specified, for AASHTO M 170 and shall be installed under the same specifications as circular pipe.

Only plain concrete pipe 24 inches {600 mm} or less in diameter (or equivalent area in arch pipe) will be permitted. Circular pipe shall meet the requirements for Class 2 pipe of AASHTO M 86 or for Class II of AASHTO M 170 without steel reinforcement, provided the same strength requirements for the same size pipe provided in AASHTO M 86 for Class II pipe are met. Arch pipe equivalent to a 24 inches {600 mm} diameter round pipe or less shall meet the requirements for Class A-II of AASHTO M206 without steel reinforcement provided the same strength requirements of the equivalent size circular pipe provided in AASHTO M86 for Class 2 pipe are met.

Circular pipe shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 170 for the class of pipe designated by the plans. Arch pipe shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 206 for the class of pipe designated by the plans.