854.01 Concrete (Storm) Sewer Pipe.
for flat slab tops shall be either proof of design testing or rational design calculations as described in ASTM C 478 and shall be submitted to the Engineer for review. Both cone shaped top sections and flat slab tops shall be designed to withstand a minimum H -20 wheel loadi ng in accordance with AASHTO requirements. A black mastic joint sealer as approved by the Engineer shall be placed on top of the cone section of the manhole before setting the castings to prevent infiltration. Manholes shall be supplied with pipe cutouts for all incoming and outgoing pipe. The pipe cutouts shall be fitted with flexible manhole pipe connectors (boots) that meet ASTM C 923 and as required by the Engineer. Cast iron frames and covers shall conform to the Plans in all essentials of design. Al l castings shall fit the manholes properly. All castings shall be made of clean, even grain, tough gray cast iron. The quality of iron in the castings shall conform to the current ASTM A 48 for Class 30 gray iron castings. Frames and covers shall weigh not less than that shown on the Plans. The castings shall be smooth, true to pattern and free from projections, sand holes or defects and shall properly fit the manhole opening. The portion of the frame and cover which forms the cover seal shall be machined s o that no rocking of the cover is possible. The castings shall be coated with coal tar pitch varnish. The cover shall have non - penetrating pick holes. On paved streets, the frame and cover shall be set flush with and in the plane of the paved surface. Wher e shown on the plans or directed by the Engineer, sealed castings shall be of the bolted watertight manhole rings and covers and meet the above requirements. Manhole steps shall be steel rods encased in polypropylene plastic and shall be as approved by the Engineer. Steps may be Type PS -1 or PS -2. Steps shall conform to the requirements of ASTM C 478. Manhole steps shall be driven into the wet wall during manufacture to prevent each from working loose or pulling out. Manholes shall be constructed in the siz e, shape, and dimension as detailed in the Utilities Standard Drawings or on the plans.
853.09 Crushed Stone Foundation for Pipe and Manholes.
Crushed Stone shall be screened, washed and 100 percent shall be retained by a 1/4 inch {6 mm} sieve. Crushed sto ne shall have 100 percent passing a 1 inch {25 mm} sieve and shall be uniformly graded from maximum to minimum size. Foreign matter shall not exceed 3 percent by weight when dry.
853.10 Air and Vacuum Valve.
The air and vacuum valve for sanitary sewer shal l permit unrestricted passage of air during filling of the force main and unrestricted entry of air during vacuum of the force main and rated for a minimum of 150 psi {1030 kPa}. The float shall be stainless steel. The valve shall not come into contact wit h the sewer. The valve shall have a National Pipe Thread (NTP) inlet and shall be fitted with back flushing device. The air and vacuum valve assembly shall be as detailed in the project plans and specifications. STORM SEWER PIPE
854.01 Conc rete (Storm) Sewer Pipe.
a.Plain Concrete Pipe (PC). Only plain concrete pipe 24 inches {610 mm} or less in diameter (or equivalent area in arch pipe) will be permitted. Circular pipe shall meet the requirements for Class 2 pipe of AASHTO M 86 or for Class II of AASHTO M 170 without steel reinforcement, provided the same strength requirements for the same size pipe provided in AASHTO M 86 for Class II pipe are met.
b.Reinforced Concrete Pipe (RC). Circular pipe over 24 inches {610 mm} in diameter shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 170 for Class II unless another class is designated by the plans or proposal. Arch pipe larger than 18 inch {455 mm} rise by 28.5 inch {725 mm} span shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 206 for Class A -II unless another class is designated by the plans or proposal.
c.Acceptance. In addition to the above requirements, all precast products furnished must meet the requirements of Section 831, Precast Concrete Products.
854.02 Coated, Smooth Lined Corrugated Metal (Storm) Sewer Pipe (CSLCM).
854.02 Coated, Smooth Lined Corrugated Metal (Storm) Sewer Pipe (CSLCM).
CSLCM shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 36 or AASHTO M 196 for Type 1A pipe. The shell and liner shall be pre -coated on both sides with a 10 mil {0.25 mm} polymeric coating as per AASHTO M 246. For correlation purposes the following table provides acceptable shell and liner plate thickness which may be used to equate with Corrugated Metal Pipe (CM) wall thicknesses. Class of Pipe Equivalent Single Steel Sheet Wall Thickness S.L. Wall Thickness Shell Liner 1 0.064 inches {1.6 mm} 0.052 inches {1.3 mm} 0.04 inches {1.0 mm} 2 0.079 inches {2.0 mm} 0.052 inches {1.3 mm} 0.04 inches {1.0 mm} 3 0.109 inches {2.8 mm} 0.079 inches {2.0 mm} 0.04 inches {1.0 mm} 4 0.138 inches {3.5 mm} 0.109 inches {2.8 mm} 0.04 inches {1.0 mm} NOTE: For aluminum all thicknesses may be reduced by 0.004 inches {0.10 mm} to compensate for zinc coating. Connecting bands shall conform to the appropriate provisions of AASHTO M 36 or M 196 for the type material used and shall have the same type coating as used on the pipe. Appropriate designed waterproof gaskets shall be used in conjunction with connecting bands to form a watertight joint. Gasket material shall be neoprene or other approved mat erial. Damage to coatings shall be repaired in accordance with the appropriate provisions of AASHTO M 245 for a polymeric coating.
854.03 Coated Smooth Flow Corrugated Metal (Storm) Sewer Pipe (CSFCM).
CSFCM shall meet the applicable requirements of Artic le 850.02 or Article 850.03 and the following: • All pipes shall have a protective coating in accordance with the applicable provisions of Subarticle 850.02(c). In addition the inside of the pipe shall have a paved lining for the entire inside periphery whic h will fill the valleys to the extent that the thickness above the top of the crest of the corrugations will not be less than 1/8 inch {3 mm}. The lining shall be smooth and uniform and its surface shall be parallel to a line projected along the crest parallel to the centerline. • Bituminous coating and pavement lining shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 246 for Type B sheets with the pavement lining formed from material compatible with the coating material and otherwise meeting the same basic requi rements of Section 5 of AASHTO M 190. • Connecting bands shall meet the requirements of Subarticle 850.02(d) and have appropriate waterproof seals in accordance with Article 846.02. • Damage to coating and pavement linings shall be repaired in accordance with the appropriate provisions of AASHTO M 245 for polymeric material and approved asphalt mastic as noted in AASHTO M 245.
854.04 Concrete Lined Corrugated Metal (Storm) Sewer Pipe (CL).
CL shall meet the requirements of Article 850.02 or Article 851.02 with the lining as specified in Item 850.02(c)4. 854.05Polyvinyl Chloride (Storm or Sanitary) Sewer Pipe (PVC) and Fittings. PVC and fittings shall meet the requirements of ASTM D 2665, ASTM D 3034 SDR 35, or ASTM F 949.
854.06 High Density Polyethylene (Storm) Sewer Pipe (HDPE).
HDPE shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 294, Type S. HDPE shall be furnished from an approved producer. Approved producers are shown on List I -11, "Producers of High Density Polyethylene Pipe" in the Department’s "Materials, Sources and Devices with Special Acceptance Requirements" manual. Information concerning this list is given in Subarticle 106.01(f).
854.07 High Performance Polypropylene (Storm) Sewer Pipe (PP).
PP shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 330. PP shall be furnis hed from an approved producer. Approved producers are shown on List I -14, "Producers of Polypropylene Pipe" in the Department’s "Materials, Sources and Devices with Special Acceptance Requirements" manual. Information concerning this list is given in Subar ticle 106.01(f).
855.04 Resampling and Retesting.
854.08 Handling and Storage.
Pipe shall be handled, transported, delivered, and stored by methods that will not damage the pipe, coatings, or linings. Any pipe damaged or bent will be rejected even though previously inspected and found sat isfactory, and shall be replaced or repaired at the Engineer's option, without additional compensation. Coating or linings scratched shall be repaired in a satisfactory manner with appropriate material.
854.09 Joint Materials.
Joint material shall provide a suitable waterproof joint capable of withstanding internal pressure of the system involved and be of an approved type. Joint material for storm sewers shall be the same as specified in Section 530 for Roadway Pipe, or those specified for Sanitary Sewers in Section 645. Thermal fusing will be allowed for PVC pipe joints if installed according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Other types may be considered if appropriate backup data, etc. is submitted in writing to the Central Office for evalua tion. SECTION 855 COATINGS, PAINTS, ENAMELS, AND VARNISHES FOR METAL AND WOOD STRUCTURES
855.01 General Information.
This Section covers the specifications of the above mentioned materials and their components. Unless otherwise specified, all materials shall be delivered to the job completely mixed and ready for use without the addition of oils or thinners. All materials shall be well ground, shall not settle or cake badly in the container, and shall be readily broken up to a smooth, uniform material. When brushed or sprayed on a smooth, vertical surface, the material shall dry hard and elastic without running, streaking, sagging, or spotting. No materials shall exceed the maximum volatile organic solv ent content (V.O.C.) allowed by the current Federal and State laws governing their use in the State of Alabama.
855.02 Storage.
a.All materials and their components shall be amply protected from all forms of damage at all times. All materials shall be st ored in tightly covered unopened containers at a temperature range recommended by the manufacturer of the product.
b.Storage space for all materials shall be acceptable to the Engineer. Improper storage conditions may cause the rejection of the material stored therein.
855.03 Identification and Certification.
a.Each container shall bear a label on which shall be complete written instructions and precautions for use, the date of manufacture, the batch and/or lot number, the designation of the product, an d recommended coating thickness.
b.Each shipment of these materials shall be accompanied by written certification from the manufacturer stating that the material furnished complies with the applicable specifications. The certification shall show the desi gnation of the product, the batch and/or lot number, and the project number.
c.Each system of inorganic zinc primer used on bolted connection surfaces (faying) shall be qualified in accordance with "Testing Method to Determine The Slip Coefficient For Co atings Used In Bolted Joints" as adopted by the Research Council On Structural Connections. This qualification is required for the systems shown on List III -1 in the Materials Sources and Devices with Special Acceptance Requirements manual. See Appendix A of Allowable Stress Design Specification For Structural Joints Using ASTM A 325 {A 325M} or ASTM A 490 {A 490M} Bolts published by the Research Council On Structural Connections. All inorganic zinc primers shall have a minimum slip coefficient of 0.33 unle ss shown otherwise on the bridge plans.
855.04 Resampling and Retesting.
a.Coating systems for structural steel will be approved on the basis of field testing as outlined in List III- 1 of the Department's manual "Materials, Sources, and Devices with Spec ial Acceptance
Source: Alabama Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2022 Edition. Pages 776–777 of 934.