880.05 Protection Of Sign Material.
All bolts, nuts, and washers shall be galvanized utilizing zinc in accordance with the provisions of ASTM B695 Class 50. Other miscellaneous hardware shall be galvanized in accordance with ASTM A 153, Class B.
b.Overhead Sign Supports . The materials required for overhead sign supports shall be furnished in accordance with the requirements given in Section 891.
880.05 Protection Of Sign Material.
All sign panels shall be protected by packaging after fabrication and during shipment and storage. Packaging and packing shall be adequate to prevent damage to any part of the sign panel, legends, copy, or borders. Before packaging all paint shall be thoroughly dry and all signs free of moisture. Adhesive tapes shall not be used on any sign face. All packaged signs shall be kept entirely dry. All assembled or partially assembled signs, other than flat sheet signs, shall have sufficient braces securely attached to prevent buckling or warping at all times from after assembly has begun until the signs have been attached to their permanent supports.
880.06 Sampling, Inspection and Testing of Sign Materials.
Sampling and inspection of sign materials will be done in accord ance with the requirements given in ALDOT -245, "Procedures for Sampling and Inspection of Roadway Signs and Overhead Sign Structures." All hardware such as nuts, bolts, washers, angles, channels, etc., sign panels along with the samples of the materials u sed in the panels and any certified test reports required and sign supports shall be shipped to the project site. Inasmuch as certain tests require actual inspection of all sign panels, the Contractor shall supply at the time of inspection the necessary personnel for uncrating and movement of the panels. Until test reports are issued on the sign materials, the Contractor will not be permitted to install the sign materials, unless written approval for such has been obtained from the Central Office. Should any material samples fail or any question arise concerning submitted samples being representative of those on the project, additional samples shall be selected from those on hand at the job site. Failure of resamples shall be cause for rejection of all items of the type involved. Verification of color by comparison with Color Tolerance Charts published by the FHWA shall be made. Noticeable variation in color shall be cause of ordering inspection of all sign faces and the rejection of any sign face outside the tolerances provided by the Color Charts. All signs shall be inspected for faulty application, blemishes, or other faults that might impair the serviceability of the sign or any noticeable color mismatching when viewed from a distance of 25 feet {8 m} unde r both daylight and nighttime conditions shall be cause for rejection of the sign face. DELINEATORS AND HAZARD MARKERS
881.01 Standard Delineators.
a.General . A delineator shall consist of one or more colorless or colored reflector units mounted as shown on the plans. A reflector unit shall consist of a hermetically sealed acrylic plastic prismatic reflex reflector with a sealed plastic back or housed in an embossed aluminum housing.
b.Reflector Units .
1.Reflector Lens . The reflector lens shall be methyl methacrylate meeting the requirements of Federal Specifications L -P-380, Type 1, Class 3 or ASTM D 788, Grade 8 and shall be of clear or colored transparent plastic, with a minimum of 7 square inches {4500 mm²} of reflective area. The lens shall have a smooth front surface, free from projection or indentation other than a central mounting hole and identification, and a rear surface bearing a prismatic configuration, such as will effect e ssentially total reflection of light. The manufacturer's trademark shall be molded legibly on the face or back of the reflector unit.
881.02 Reflective Hazard Markers.
The backing shall be a heat sealable plastic or metallic foil fused to the lens under heat and pressure around the entire perimeter of the lens and the central mounting hole to form a unit permanently sealed against dust, water, and vapor.
2.Reflector Housing . To retain the acrylic reflector, the delineator shall have a sealed plastic back or aluminum housing conformi ng to the following: • The housing shall be a minimum 0.02 inch {0.51 mm} aluminum conforming to ASTM B 209, alloy 1100- TO or alloy 5052- TO, and formed as shown on the plans. • Delineators shall have either a plastic or metal gromet 3/16 of an inch {5 mm} in d iameter.
3.Optical Requirements . The specific intensity per unit area of each reflector shall be equal to or exceed the following minimum values when tested in accordance with AASHTO M 290. Measurements shall be made with the reflector spinning to obtain an average reading. Observation Entrance Specific Intensity candle power/square inch/foot candle {candelas/lux/m²} Angle Angle Crystal Amber Red Green 0.1° 0° 17.0 {2448} 10.0{1440} 4.0 {576} 4.0 {576} 0.1° 20° 6.5 {936} 4.0 {576} 1.5 {216} 1.5 {216}
4.Seal Requirements . When tested in accordance with AASHTO M 290, the reflector shall show no evidence of moisture intrusion.
5.Heat Resistance Requirements . The reflector shall show no signs of deformation or change in shape nor loss of reflective quality when tested in accordance with AASHTO M 290.
6.Prequalification . All types of reflectors must be evaluated for conformance with the MUTCD requirements as well as the physical requirements listed above prior to use. The Department maintains a list (V -2) of reflectors meeting these requirements in the manual "Materials, Sources, and Devices With Special Acceptance Requirements". Other reflectors may be used upon evaluation and approval of the Department's Product Evaluation Board.
7.Sampling and Testing . Sampling and testing shall be done in accordance with the Department's Testing Manual.
8.Packaging. The reflectors shall be supplied in suitable containers which will protect the units from damage during shipment and storage. Contai ners shall be legibly marked with the name, type, lot, etc. of the contents.
c.Posts . The posts shall be of the design and weight {mass} as shown on the plans. Posts shall be straight with no bending, warping, splits, or other defects. Mounting holes shall be punched or drilled on the centerline of the web, as shown on the plans. Steel Posts shall be manufactured from rerolled rail steel meeting the requirements of ASTM A 499, Grade 60, or a comparable new billet steel. The steel in posts shall m eet the chemical requirements of ASTM A 1 for rails having a nominal weight {mass} of 91 pounds per yard {45 kg/m} or greater, modified to require the carbon content to be between 0.67 and 0.89 percent. The posts shall be hot dip galvanized after forming, cutting, punching, or drilling has been completed. Galvanization shall be in accordance with ASTM A 123. Aluminum posts shall be manufactured from aluminum alloy 6063- T6. Other types of posts may be used upon evaluation and approval of the Department's Pro duct Evaluation Board.
881.02 Reflective Hazard Markers.
a.General . A hazard marker may be either a series of reflector units (three or more) mounted on a backup plate or a designated standard or special reflectorized sign panel.
882.01 General.
b.Reflectors . The refl ectors shall comply with the requirements for delineator type reflectors noted in Subarticle 881.01(b), except the metal housing and metal center grommet will not be required.
c.Backup Plates . The backup plates for the hazard markers shall be at least 0. 064 inch {1.6 mm} thick aluminum sheets. The surface of the marker facing traffic shall be treated with a coating of baked on yellow enamel (Highway yellow). Attachment of the reflectors to the backup plate and of the backup plate to the post or mounting s urface shall be in accordance with the details shown on the plans or an approved substitute.
d.Posts . Posts used for mounting hazard markers shall be in accordance with the details shown on the plans and the requirements of Subarticle 881.01(c).
e.Moun ting. Mountings other than on posts shall be in accordance with plan details.
f.Sampling and Testing . Sampling and Testing of the reflector units shall be as prescribed in Subarticle 881.02(b).
g.Standard or Special Sign Panels . The panel shall comply with the requirements of Section 880 for signs with the legend or marking as required by plan details. Sign panels shall be sampled and tested as prescribed in Section 880. SECTION 882 PAVEMENT MARKERS
882.01 General.
a.Sampling Procedure and Test Re quirements .
1.Permanent Markers . The Department has established LIST V -2, PERMANENT PAVEMENT MARKERS, TEMPORARY PAVEMENT MARKERS, MARKER ADHESIVE, DELINEATORS AND HAZARD MARKERS, of the Department's manual, "Materials, Sources, and Devices With Special Ac ceptance Requirements", for permanent pavement markers. Only markers on this list shall be furnished for use. Refer to Subarticle 106.01(f) and ALDOT -355 concerning this list.
2.Temporary Markers . All markers on LIST V -2 may be used as temporary markers. Only markers on this list shall be furnished for use. Refer to Subarticle 106.01(f) and ALDOT- 355 concerning these lists.
b.Packaging . The markers shall be supplied in suitable containers which will protect the units from damage during shipment and storage. Containers shall be legibly marked with the name and type, etc. of the contents.
882.02 Reflective Markers.
a.Class "A" Marker . Class "A" pavement markers shall meet the requirements of ASTM D 4280 with Surface Characteristics: No Designation - Marker with plastic lens surface.
b.Class "A-H" Marker . Class "A -H" pavement markers shall meet the requirements of ASTM D 4280 with Surface Characteristics: Designated "H" - Marker with hard, abrasion -resistant lens surface.
882.03 Non -Reflective Mark ers.
a.General . Class B pavement markers shall be formed of heat fixed ceramic base material constructed in such a manner as to form a solid, watertight unit. The markers shall be of the general size and shape shown on the plans with smooth rounded corne rs. Any change in the curvature shall be gradual. The top and
Source: Alabama Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2022 Edition. Pages 817–818 of 934.