731 Surface- mounted foundation units shall be installed only on sound, tight, unbroken pavement. Should installation of the surface- mounted foundation unit damage the pavement, the contractor shall repair the damaged pavement, as directed by the Engineer, at no additional cost to the Department. When a flexible delineator assembly is located on unstable pavement, as determined by the Engineer, the contractor shall clear the broken pavement and install a driven foundation unit, at no additional cost to the Department. 703- 4 Method of Measurement: Delineators and markers will be measured by the unit for each type of delineator and marker furnished and installed, regardless of the length of the deli neator and color of the reflective sheeting . 703- 5 Basis of Payment: The accepted quantities of delineators and markers, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price each for the type of delineator or marker designated in the bid ding schedule, which price shall be full compensation for the work, complete in place, including reflective strips, as specified herein and as shown on the plans. No measurement or payment will be made for pavement cutting and repair, the cost being considered as included in the price of contract items. 704- 1 Description: The work under this section shall consist of cleaning and preparing pavement surfaces and furnishing and applying either white or yellow thermoplastic reflectorized pavement markings using extrusion or ribbon dispensing devices of the required shape and thickness to the prepared pavement surface at the locations and in accordance with the details shown on the project plans, the manufacturer's specifications, and the requirements of these specifications. 704- 2 Materials: 704- 2.01 General Requirements: The thermoplastic reflectorized material shall consist of a solid mixture of heat -stable resins, white or yellow pigment, inter -mixed glass beads, filler, and other materials in granular or block form specifically compounded for reflectorized pavement markings to be applied to the pavement in a molten state. The characteristics of the liquefied material TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 732 shall be such that complete and even coverage of specified areas to the required thicknesses is provided by the required application method and rate. Upon cooling to normal pavement temperature, this material shall produce an adherent reflectorized marking capable of resisting deformation and wear in the roadway. Only thermoplastic materials currently shown on the Department's Approved Products List (APL) shall be used. Copies of the most recent version of the APL are available on the ADOT Research Center Product Evaluation Program Website. Certificates of Compliance conforming to the requirements of Subsection
106.05of the specifications shall be submitted along with
precertification test resul ts from the ADOT Central Laboratory for samples from each batch of material obtained for precertification at the production line of the manufacturer . 704- 2.02 Composition:
The thermoplastic composition shall conform to the following requirements: Com ponent Percent by Weight White Yellow Binder (Min.) (Note 1) 20 20 Titanium dioxide (Min.) 10 1.75 Yellow Lead -Free Pigment (Min.) ----- 1.5 Reflective glass inter -mix beads (Min.) (Note 1) 20/ M 247 T1 & 20/ M 247 T3 20/ M 247 T1 & 20/ M 247 T3 Calcium carbonate or equivalent filler (Max.) 30 36.75 Note :
thermoplastic material will be tested for binder content and glass bead content according to ASTM D4797. The ingredients of the thermoplastic composition shall be thoroughly mixed and in a solid or sectionalized block, or free- flowing granular form. When heated in a melting apparatus, the material shall readily liquefy into a uniform solution. This solution shall be free from all skins, dirt, foreign objects or any other ingredient which would cause bleeding, staining, blotting, or discoloration when applied to the bituminous or concrete pavement surfaces. The thermoplastic formulation shall utilize an alkyd binder. The alkyd binder shall consist of a mixture of synthetic resins, at least one of which is solid at room temperature, and of high- boiling -point plasticizers. At least one third of the binder composition and no less than 8 percent by TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 733 weight of the entire material formulation shall be solid maleic- modified glycerol ester resin or solid maleic- modified pentaerythritol ester resin. The alkyd binder shall not contain any petroleum -based hydrocarbon resins.
In addition to incorporating glass beads in the thermoplastic mix, glass beads shall be evenly applied to the surface of the molten material as specified in Subsection 704- 3.02(G) of the specifications.
The filler shall be a white calcium carbonate or equivalent filler with a compressive strength of at least 5,000 pounds per square inch.
Titanium Dioxide shall conform to the requirements of ASTM D476 for Type II (92 percent).
The yellow pigment shall be heat resistant and lead free. The type of yellow pigment shall be at the option of the manufacturer provided that the material conforms to all color requirements in a stable and durable fashion as specified herein. 704- 2.03 Physical Characteristics of the Composition:
The thermoplastic material shall not exude fumes which are toxic, injurious, or require specialized breathing apparatus when heated to the temperature range specified by the manufacturer for application. The material shall remain stable when held for four hours at this temperature, or when subjected to four reheatings, not exceeding a total of four hours, after cooling to ambient temperature. The temperature viscosity characteristics of the plastic material shall remain constant throughout the reheatings and shall show like characteristics from batch to batch. There shall be no obvious change in color of the thermoplasti c material as a result of reheating, and the color of the material shall not vary from batch to batch.
The thermoplastic material, after heating for four hours ± five minutes at 425 ± 3 degrees F and cooled to 77 ± 3 degrees F, shall meet the following: TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 734 White: Daylight reflectance at 45 degrees - 0 degrees shall be 70 percent minimum. Color shall match Federal Test Standard Number 595, color chip no. 17925. Yellow: Daylight reflectance at 45 degrees - 0 degrees shall be 43 percent minimum. Color shall match Federal Test Standard Number 595, color chip no. 13538.
All white and yellow pavement marking materials shall have the following minimum retroreflectance values when measured by the Department, as described in Subsection 704- 3.02(G) of the specifications, in accordance with ASTM E1710 within 30 days of application, but no sooner than three days after application to the roadway surface. Product Retroreflectance
Seals (millicandelas) White 350 250 Yellow 200 175
After heating the thermoplastic material for four hours ± five minutes at 425 ± 3 degrees F and testing in accordance with ASTM D 36, the thermoplastic materials shall have a softening point of 215 ± 15 degrees F.
The thermoplastic material shall not exceed 0.5 percent by weight of retained water when tested in accordance with the requirements of ASTM D570. The specific gravity of the material, as determined by AASHTO T 250, shall be between 1.85 and 2. 15.
After heating the thermoplastic material for four hours ± five minutes at 425 ± 3 degrees F and forming test specimens, the impact resistance shall be not less than 10 inch- pounds when tested in accordance with AASHTO T 250. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 735
After heating the thermoplastic material for four hours ± five minutes at 425 ± 3 degrees F, the bond strength to Portland cement concrete shall be not less than 180 pounds per square inch. The bond strength shall be determined in accordance with the procedures specified in AASHTO T 250.
The abrasion resistance of the thermoplastic material shall be determined by forming a representative lot of the material at a thickness of 125 mils on a 4- inch square monel panel (thickness 50 ± 1 mil ), on which a suitable primer has been previously applied, and subjecting it to 200 revolutions on a Taber Abraser at 25 degrees C, using H -22 calibrated wheels weighted to 250 grams. The wearing surface shall be kept wet with distilled water throughout the test. The maximum loss of thermoplastic material shall be 0.5 grams.
After heating the thermoplastic material for four hours ± five minutes at 425 ± 3 degrees F, applying to concrete blocks, and cooling to 15 ± 3 degrees, the material shall show no cracks when observed from a distance exceeding 12 inches. Testing for low temperature crack resistance shall be in accordance with the procedures specified in AASHTO T 250.
After heating the thermoplastic material for f our hours ± five minutes at 425 ± 3 degrees F, and testing for flowability in accordance with AASHTO T 250, the white thermoplastic shall have a maximum percent residue of 18, and the yellow thermoplastic shall have maximum percent residue of 21.
The white thermoplastic material shall not exceed a yellowness index of 0.12 when tested in accordance with ASTM D4960 . As described in Subsection 704- 2.05(C) of the specifications, for precertification purposes, thermoplastic material will be tested for yellowness index. The material will be prepared and tested in accordance with ASTM D4960. The yellowness index will be calculated using ASTM E313.
Afte r heating the thermoplastic material for eight ± 1/2 hours at 425 ± 3 degrees F, with stirring the last six hours, and testing for flowability in TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 736 accordance with AASHTO T 250, the thermoplastic shall have a maximum percent residue of 28.
The thermoplastic material shall have a flash point not less than 475 degrees F when tested in accordance with the requirements of ASTM D92.
The materials shall meet the requirements of this specification for a period of one year from the date of manufacture. The month and year of manufacture shall be clearly marked on all packages of thermoplastic material. The thermoplastic material must also melt uniformly with no evidence of skins or unmelted particles for this one year period. Any material which does not meet the above requirements, or which is no longer within this one year period at the time of application, shall not be used. The contractor shall replace any outdated material with material meeting the above performance and time requirements at no additional cost to the Department.
Primer -sealers shall be used on Portland cement concrete, or existing hot mix asphaltic concrete surfaces prior to application of the thermoplastic material, and shall be applied as recommended by the thermoplastic material manufacturer. The primer -sealer shall be compounded specifically for use with the specified thermoplastic material. Application of primer -sealer will not be required on newly placed hot -mix asphaltic concrete surfaces prior to application of the thermoplastic material.
Using accelerated weathering per ASTM G155, Cycle 1, white color stability shall be measured for no color change after 500 hours of exposure, and yellow color stability shall be measured for no color change after 1000 hours of exposure. 704- 2.04 Physical Requirements for Glass Beads: Inter -mix and drop- on reflective glass beads shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 708- 2.02 of the specifications, except as noted herein. The inter -mix beads shall conform to AASHTO M 247 for Type I and Type 3, and may be coated or uncoated as recommended by the manufacturer. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 737 If uncoated beads are used, the thermoplastic formulation shall be configured to minimize settling of the intermix beads when the material is heated and appl ied. Drop -on beads shall conform to the gradation requirements of AASHTO M 247 for Type 1, Type 3, and Type 4. Type 4 drop- on glass beads will only be considered for use on chip seal pavement surfaces. If recommended by the manufacturer, the drop- on beads shall have an adherence coating. 704- 2.05 Precertification of Thermoplastic Material:
As described in Subsection 704- 2.01 of the specifications, the contractor shall provide to the Engineer a Certificate of Compliance from the manufacturer and test results from the Central Laboratory for samples from each batch of material obtained for precertification at the production line of the manufacturer. If the material fails the precertification testing by Central Laboratory, the manufacturer shall not supply any thermoplastic material represented by the failing test results to ADOT projects.
Sampling of thermoplastic material for precertification must be for an active ADOT project. The manufacturer shall obtain a sample of thermoplastic material from each batch of production that will be shipped to an ADOT project. The manufacturer shall select three equal sized bags, repr esentative of thermoplastic material from the batch. It is recommended that the three bags be pulled from the initial, middle, and final portions of each batch or truck load. The manufacturer shall prepare a composite 1 -gallon sample from these three bags in accordance with ASTM D7307. The manufacturer shall ship the composite sample to the Central Laboratory at 1221 N. 21st Avenue Phoenix, AZ 85009, along with a Certificate of Analysis, for precertification testing. The manufacturer shall identify the thermoplastic material with the batch number, the batch quantity, the batch date, the manufacturer’s name, and the product name. Such identification shall be shown on the side of the container.
Responsibilities: The Central Laboratory is responsible for coordinating precertification for each batch of thermoplastic material that is to be precertified. For precertification purposes, thermoplastic material will be tested for binder content and glass bead content a ccording to ASTM D4797. For yellowness index, the material is prepared and tested in accordance with TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 738 ASTM D4960. The yellowness index will be calculated using ASTM E313. Upon completion of testing, the Central Laboratory will provide the manufacturer wit h a copy of the test results for each tested batch. Typically, testing will be completed within three working days of receipt of the sample. If the material fails the precertification testing, the manufacturer shall not supply any thermoplastic material represented by the failing test results to ADOT projects. 704- 3 Construction Requirements: 704- 3.01 Equipment: The equipment used to install hot applied thermoplastic material shall be constructed to provide continuous uniform heating to temperatures exceedi ng 400 degrees F while mixing and agitating the material. The heating mechanism of the kettle shall be equipped with a heat transfer medium consisting of oil or air. The burner flame shall not directly contact the material vessel surface. The mixing and agitating mechanism shall be capable of thoroughly mixing the material at a rate which ensures constant uniform temperature distribution. The kettle shall be equipped with two temperature gauges: one to indicate the temperature of the oil or air heat transfer medium, and the other to indicate the temperature of the thermoplastic material. The kettle shall also be equipped with an automatic thermostatic control device that allows for positive temperature control to prevent overheating or underheating of t he material. The truck shall be equipped with high pressure air spray jets in front of the pavement marking material applicators to remove loose matter from the pavement surface where the marking material is to be applied. Hand applicator equipment, to be used for all other roadway installations, shall be either self -contained melter application units or reservoir application units that are filled from a separate melter unit. Both types of units shall be equipped to maintain and measure the required applicatio n temperatures. The hand applicator equipment shall be sufficiently maneuverable to install symbols and legends, and curved and straight lines, both longitudinally and transversely. The application equipment shall be so constructed as to assure continuous uniformity in the dimensions of the pavement marking. The applicator shall provide a means for cleanly cutting off square pavement markings edges and provide a method of applying "skip" and solid lane lines. The equipment shall be constructed to provide varying widths and thicknesses of pavement markings. The application equipment shall be mobile and maneuverable to the extent that straight lines can be followed and normal curves can be made in a true arc. The equipment operator shall be located in such a position as to enable full visibility of the striping apparatus. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 739 The bead dispenser shall be capable of evenly distributing glass beads at the required application rate immediately after the application of the thermoplastic. The bead dispenser on truck- mounted units shall be equipped with an automatic cut -off which is synchronized with the cut - off of the thermoplastic material. The heating kettle and application equipment shall meet the requirements of the National Fire Underwriters, the National Fire Protection Association, and other applicable federal, state and local authorit ies. Thermoplastic melting units, trucks or trailers, shall be equipped with foam -type fire extinguishers suitable for application to thermoplastic material that is at the flash point. 704- 3.02 Application:
Survey layout for pavement markings shall be provided in accordance with Subsection 925- 3.01 of the specifications. On projects that include no-passing zones, the contactor shall coordinate with the ADOT No Passing Zone Crew as described in Subsection 925- 3.01 of the specifications. Pavement markings shall be positioned as defined on the plans and in the specifications. When it becomes necessary for proper installation, the Engineer may revise individual marking locations as necessary to accommodate the following requirements: Marking lines shall not be placed on parallel construction or expansion joints. Longitudinal lines shall be offset to provide 2 to 4 inches of clearance from parallel construction and expansion joints unless directed otherwise by the Engineer. Placement of symbols and legends on construction joints, expansion joints or uneven pavement surfaces shall be avoided. Where the location of construction joints, expansion joints or otherwise unsuitable surfaces conflicts with specified locations for symbols or legends, the Engineer will designate the symbol or legend location. The contractor shall identify such location conflicts for the Engineer's determination.
All thermoplastic material, drop- on glass beads, and primer -sealer will be inspected and approved by the Engineer prior to their application. The contractor shall also provide samples of said materials if requested by the Engineer. All materials shall be properly packaged and stored. Each container to be used on the project shall be clearly labeled to indicate the following information: TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 740
and
Preparation and application equipment shall be in accordance with the plans and specifications, and shall conform to the recommendations of the materials manufacturer. Incompatible materials shall not be used together. The contractor shall not combine alkyd and hydrocarbon materials in preparation or application equipment.
The contractor shall make daily maintenance and operation inspections of all application equipment to ensure that it is operable within the requi rements of the specifications. The contractor shall inform the Engineer of any equipment breakdowns, intermittent malfunctions, or other conditions that may impact the proper application of specified markings. Any equipment judged to be unsuitable by the Engineer shall be repaired or replaced.
The contractor shall remove all dirt, dust, loose surfacing materials, poorly adhered existing markings, or other detrimental material from the road surface prior to application of the thermoplastic material. The method of cleaning the surface is subject to approval by the Engineer and shall include sweeping and the use of high- pressure air spray. The method of surface preparation shall also be in accordance with the recommendations of the thermoplastic material manufacturer. Loose material including all grindings and obliterated markings shall be removed from the pavement surface and disposed of properly. When thermoplastic markings are to be applied to new Portland cement concrete pavement, any curing compound present shall be removed by means of a high- pressure water jet or sandblasting, followed by sweeping and high- pressure air spray. The curing compound shall be removed at least 2 inches beyond the entire perimeter of each marking to be installed. At the time of application of primer -sealer and thermoplastics, the road surface shall be absolutely dry with no detectable or measurable surface or near -surface dampness. If precipitation or other surface wetting is imminent, all marking operations shall be stopped. If any surface dampness is detected during marking activities, marking operations shall be stopped until the pavement dries. If the hot -applied thermoplastic TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 741 marking blisters upon application, marking operations shall be stopped until the cause, potentially including subsurface moisture, is determined and corrected.
On both old and new Portland cement concrete pavement, a primer - sealer shall be used if recommended by the thermoplastic manufacturer. The primer -sealer shall be applied at the manufacturer's recommended application rates prior to placing the thermoplastic material. The primer - sealer shall be allowed to set up for the manufacturer's specified cure or evaporation time, and shall be free of solvent and water when the thermoplastic is applied. The thermoplastic material shall be applied to primed pavement surfaces within the working time specified by the primer -sealer and thermoplastic materials manufacturers. If the primed surfaces are not marked within these time limits, the contractor shall re- prime the surfaces as required by the manufacturer at no additional cost to the Department. If an epoxy primer is used, the thermoplastic application shall be completed before the epoxy has cured. Improper primer -sealer application may result in bond failure between the thermoplastic and the pavement surface and may cause the thermoplastic surface to pinhole or blister. Should these conditions occur, all application operations shall stop until the cause is determined and corrected. All such defective markings shall be removed and replaced at no additional cost to the Department.
Extruded ribbon- gun application procedures shall not be used if the wind chill fa ctor is below 65 degrees F. For other application procedures, the road surface temperature at the time of application shall be a minimum of 55 degrees F and rising. If at any time during marking operations the air or pavement temperature falls below these requirements, all marking operations shall stop.
The thermoplastic pavement marking material shall be placed after 30 calendar days but before 60 calendar days after completion of the final pavement surface, or as directed by the Engineer. The thermoplastic pavement marking material shal l be extruded on to the pavement surface at a material temperature between 385 and 415 degrees F, depending on manufacturer's recommendations, ambient air and pavement temperatures, and the nature of the pavement surface. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 742 The contractor shall verify temperature requirements with a non- contact infrared thermometer as directed by the Engineer. The thermoplastic material temperatures shall not exceed 450 degrees F. Material temperatures exceeding 440 degrees F shall b e allowed for short periods of time; however, in no case shall the material be held for more than four hours at temperatures above 440 degrees F. Total heating time for any batch of material shall not exceed six hours. The contractor shall note in the temperature log the time when each batch of thermoplastic material is first heated. The start of heating time shall also be marked on the side of the kettle to which it applies. Drop -on glass beads shall be mechanically deposited into the thermoplastic material immediately after the thermoplastic marking is applied, using a double drop method. One drop shall be Type 1 glass beads and the other drop shall be Type 3 glass beads. Double drop methods using all Type 1 or Type 3 beads for both drops will not be allowed. Prior to the application of thermoplastic material, the contractor shall provide to the department, in writing, the drop- on bead mix package that includes the type of glass beads as described in AASHTO M 247 and the dr op rate in pounds per 100 square feet used in each drop. The dispensers shall evenly distribute the beads in the thermoplastic material. Glass beads shall be embedded in the surface of the thermoplastic to a depth of between 50 and 60 percent of the bead diameter. If t he glass beads do not adhere to the thermoplastic marking, operations shall be stopped until the problem has been corrected. Unless otherwise specified, all thermoplastic pavement markings shall be extruded, and shall be a minimum of 90 mils thick. The thermoplastic thickness shall be uniform and consistent throughout the total length of the marking project. For thermoplastic measured 80 mils or less in thickness, a second application of extruded 90 mil thick thermoplastic meeting all the requirements of t he specifications shall be placed over the original application. For chip seal pavement surfaces, thermoplastic pavement markings shall be extruded and shall be a minimum of 120 mils thick. The thermoplastic thickness shall be uniform and consistent throughout the total length of the marking project. The drop- on glass beads shall be mechanically deposited into the thermoplastic material immediately after the thermoplastic marking is applied, using at a double drop method. One drop shall be Type 1 glass beads and the other drop shall be Type 3 or Type 4 glass beads. Double drop methods using only one type of glass beads for both drops will not be allowed. Prior to the application of thermoplastic material, the contractor shall provide to the department, in writing, the drop- on bead mix package that includes the type of glass beads as described in AASHTO M 247 and the drop rate in pounds per 100 square feet used in each drop. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 743 For chip seal pavement surfaces, for thermoplastic measured 120 mils or less in thickness, a second application of extruded 80 mil thick thermoplastic meeting all the requirements of the specifications shall be placed over the original application. The contractor shall perform periodic spot checks of thermoplastic material to verif y that the required thickness has been attained. The finished thermoplastic line shall have well defined edges and be free from waviness. Lateral deviation of the thermoplastic line shall not exceed 1 inch in 100 feet. The longitudinal deviation of a pai nted segment and gap shall not vary more than 6 inches in a 40- foot cycle. The actual width of line shall be within the limits specified in the following table, according to the width of line called for on the plans: Plan Width Actual Width 4 inches 4 to 4 -1/2 inches 6 inches 6 to 7 inches 8 inches 8 to 9 inches Over 8 inches ± 1 inch
After application and sufficient drying time, the thermoplastic marking shall show no appreciable deformation or discoloration under local traffic conditions with air and road temperatures ranging from - 10 to 180 degrees F. The drying time shall be defined as the minimum elapsed time, after application, when the thermoplastic pavement markings shall have and retain the characteristics required herein, and after which normal traffic will leave no impression or imprint on the newly applied marking. When applied within a temperature range of 400 ± 1 5 degrees F and thickness of 0.090 inches, the material shall set to bear traffic in not more than two minutes when the air and pavement surface temperatures are approximately 50 ± 3 degrees F and not more than 10 minutes when the air and road surface temperatures are approximately 90 ± 3 degrees F. The Engineer may conduct field tests in accordance with ASTM D711 to verify actual drying times. 704- 3.03 Sampling and Testing of In -Place Thermoplastic Material:
Random spot checks of the thermoplastic thickness will be made by the Engineer to ensure conformance with the required criteria. Sug gested spot check procedures include the following: Wet: Thickness can be field tested immediately after the thermoplastic marking is applied by inserting a thin, graduated machinist rule or similar instrument into the molten thermoplastic to the depth of the pavement surface. The thickness is then determined visually by TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX SECTION 704 744 noting on the scale the depth of the penetration or coating of the instrument. Dried: Thickness can be field tested by placing a small flat sheet of metal or duct tape with a know n thickness immediately ahead of the striping apparatus. After striping, remove the sample and use a suitable measuring device, such as a caliper or micrometer, to determine the thickness of the dried marking. Thickness will be tested at a minimum of two locations, randomly selected in any given mile, using the “Dried” method. The thickness measurement includes glass beads. Thickness sampling locations do not require reapplication over the gaps created when removing tape/plate. Thickness will be measured with a digital caliper capable of measuring to the nearest thousandth of an inch.
The Department will notify the contractor 72 hours prior to testing. Retroreflectance testing will be performed every 0.2 mile, with four readi ngs taken at each location. The four readings will be taken randomly within a 10 foot section. The average of the four readings shall be the result for that location. Should the average of these readings not meet the required retroreflectance values, a second test of four readings will be performed 50 foot forward from the failing test. The higher average value of the two tests will determine the results for that location. The Department will provide raw test results to the contractor. Retroreflectance testing will be performed in the direction of traffic. On roadways where yellow stripes separate opposing traffic, testing is done in both directions (two locations per 0.2 miles, one in each direction). Transverse and symbol markings will not be subjec t to retroreflectance testing. Longitudinal lines less than 0.2 miles (such as 12 inch white turn lanes), regardless of length, must be tested. A single test of four readings shall be taken at the approximate midpoint of each line. Should the average of these readings not meet the required retroreflectance values, a second test of four readings will be performed at the approximate half way point between the midpoint and the end. The higher average value of the two tests will determine the results for that location. All markings that fail to meet these minimums will require reapplication and retesting of striping materials. Reapplication shall start from the location of a passing test, across the failure area(s), to the next passing test location. For thermoplastic sections applied on asphalt determined to be deficient in retroreflectance, a second application of 80 mils shall be applied. The reapplication does not require removal of the deficient TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 745 section. For thermoplastic applied on both PCCP and concrete bridge decks that are determined to be deficient in retroreflectance, the failing application shall be removed and reapplied. Depending on the extent of failing pavement markings, it may not be practical to retest with the reflectometer. In that case, the Department may perform a visual nighttime inspection. If the striping appears as bright as or brighter than the adjacent striping that meets the required retroreflectance, the Engineer may accept the reapplication. Should retests for the reapplication of thermoplastic pavement markings fail to meet the required minimum retroreflectance, the contractor shall remove the entire stripe down to the road surface.
Place Thermoplastic: At the discretion of the Engineer, thermoplastic material may be sampled on the project at any time during the construction of the project for verification testing. The thermoplastic material shall be field sampled utilizing a 4 -inch by 12-inch galvanized sheet metal plate during thermoplastic application. The galvanized sheet metal plate shall be sprayed with thermoplastic material without additional application of glass beads. When sampling behind a striping truck, the sample will be obtained randomly from the drop nozzle after at least 150 feet of striping has been placed. Once the sample is no longer in a molten state and has cooled sufficiently, it shall remain attached to the sampling plate and be stored in a plastic bag. For molten samples taken in the field for verification testing, the contractor shall perform the sampling under the observation of the Engineer. 704- 4 Method of Measurement: Thermoplastic pavement longitudinal markings (i.e. edge lines, lane lines, and gore lines) and transverse markings (i.e. cross- walks, stop bars, cross hatch, chevron lines, and railroad markings) will be measured by the linear foot along the center line of the pavement marking line and will be based on a 4- inch -wide line. Measurement for striping with a plan width greater or less than the basic 4 inches as shown on the plans or directed by the Engineer will be made by the same method and then adjusted by the following factor: Plan Width of Striping (inches) x Linear Feet 4 (inches) No measurement will be made of the number of linear feet of gaps in dashed lines. TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX 746 Double marking lines, consisting of two 4 -inch- wide stripes, will be measured as two individual marking lines. Crosswalk lines, stop bars, stop lines, gore lines, cross hatch lines, chevron lines and railroad marking transverse lines will be measured for centerline length and adjusted for widths other than 4 inches, as defined above. Thermoplastic pavement marking symbols, such as diamonds, or single, double, or triple arrows, will be measured by each unit applied. Each pavement symbol, as shown on the plans, will be considered a unit. Thermoplastic pavement marking legends, defined as a complete letter grouping such as "SCHOOL," "XING," "STOP," “RR,” or "ONLY.", will be measured by each unit applied. Each pavement legend, as shown on the plans, will be considered a unit. No separate measurement or p ayment will be made for cleaning and preparing the pavement surface, including abrasive sweeping and high-pressure air spray, and for disposal of excess materials, cleaning fluids, and empty material containers, the cost being considered as included in contract items. Removal of curing compound from new Portland cement concrete pavement and the application of primer -sealer, will be measured along the centerline of the line of curing compound being removed or the line of primer -sealer being applied or by the unit each for symbols and legends, as appropriate. Measurement of a line of removal of curing compound or a line of application of primer -sealer will be based on a 4- inch wide line, and shall be measured by the linear foot, and in accordance with the items of work established in the bid schedule. Measurement for lengths of removal of curing compound or application of primer -sealer with a plan width greater than 4 inches as shown on the plans or directed by the Engineer will be made by the same method and then adjusted by the following factor: Plan Width (inches) x Linear Feet 4 (inches) The plan width will include an extra 4 inches – 2 inches on each side – beyond the plan width of pavement marking and will be based on a continuous length of pavement marking lines unless indicated on the project plans. 704- 5 Basis of Payment: The accepted quantities of thermoplastic pavement markings of the type specified in the bidding schedule, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract unit price, complete in place, including pavement surface preparation and glass beads. The accepted quantities for removal of curing compound from new Portland cement concrete pavement and the application of primer - TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX