510.01 510-1 SECTION 510 STRUCTURAL PLATE STRUCTURES DESCRIPTION
510.01 This work consists of the construction of structural plate structures of the shape and
dimensions called for on the plans per these specifications and in conformity with the lines and grades shown on the plans or established. MATERIALS
510.02 Steel structural plate materials shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 167.
A copy of the base metal manufacturer's certificate showing the results of tests, plus the fabricator's certificate showing the results of spelter tests shall be provided to the Engineer before installation. Aluminum alloy structural plate materials shall conform to AASHTO M 219. There is no limit on overthickness. Bolt and washer shapes shall be as shown on the plans. All bolts shall be sufficiently long to provide full penetration of the nut by the threaded end. A field applied two coat coating system using materials specified in AASHTO M 243 shall be applied when called for in the Contract. The coating shall be uniformly applied by spray, brush, or trowel to the entire surface of the culvert, both inside and outs ide. Each coating shall be applied at the approximate rate of 60 square feet per gallon. The first coat shall be dry to touch before the second coat is applied and the second coat shall be dry to touch before any backfill operations. Thicker invert plates for round pipes shall be construed as the bottom plate. This plate shall be installed with the center of the plate as nearly on the centerline of the pipe as practicable; however, it shall extend at least 23 inches on either side of c enterline, measured on the arc. Thicker invert plates for arch pipes shall be constructed as the bottom plate (or plates) between the corner plates. The Contractor shall state at the Pre- construction Conference, the type of structural plate material (steel or aluminum) intended to be furnished, unless a specific material is specified in the Contract. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
510.03 Fabrication. When the completed structure is to be a full circle pipe, the plates shall
be so curved that when bolted together, true circles shall be formed of the required diameter. When the completed structure is to be an arch pipe, the plates shall be so curved as to produce a structure with the span and rise dimensions shown on the plans. Each manufacturer of corrugated structural plates shall furnish data sheets showing the physical and chemical properties of all plates to be supplied under this specification. Each plate shall be curved to the proper radius, and the bolt holes shall be so punched that all except end plates shall be interchangeable in the erection process. All structural plates made from steel shall be made from plates formed and punched per Section 6 of AASHTO M 167. 510.04 510-2 All structural plates made from aluminum shall be made from plates formed and punched per Section 6 of AASHTO M 219. Plates for forming skewed or sloped ends shall be so cut as to give the angle of skew or slope specified. Units where the spelter coating has been burned by welding or otherwise damaged in fabrication shall be repaired as provided in subsection 707.09. Cut plates shall present a workmanlike finish with legible identification numerals placed on each plate to designate its proper position in the finished structure.
510.04 Excavation. T renches shall be excavated to the widths required by the plans.
When the installation is to be placed in embankment fill, the excavation shall be made after the embankment has been completed to a height 0.3 times the diameter or 0.3 times the rise above the flow line of the structure. The Contractor shall excavate three test pits to a depth of approximately 6 feet below proposed flow line. Pits shall be located at each end and near the center of the trench as directed. If the foundation is deemed unsuitable, a minimum of 1 foot underlyi ng the structure shall be excavated and backfilled with suitable material per Section 206.
510.05 Erection. Plates at longitudinal and circumferential seams shall be connected by
bolts. Joints shall be so staggered that no more than three plates come together at any one point. Nuts shall be so tightened that when tested with a calibrated torque wrench furnished by the Contractor , a torque of between 150- and 250- foot pounds is attained. Tightening of bolts to a torque in excess of 250- foot pounds will not be permitted. The use of wrench sockets that will damage the metal or metal coating will not be permitted. Before backfilling operations, the full length of each round culvert shall be distorted from a true circle by pre -forming to an elliptical shape. This elongation shall approximate 5 percent of the nominal diameter of the culvert. The preformed pipe shall be placed with its greatest dimension in the vertical axis.
510.06 Backfilling. Backfilling shall conform to the details shown on the plans.
Pipe damaged due to Contractor's operations shall be repaired or replaced at the Contractor's expense. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
510.07 Structural plate structures will be measured by the linear foot in place. Length of
round or elliptical structures shall be the average of measurements along the top and bottom. Length of structural plate arch pipe will be measured along the bottom centerline only. 510.08 510-3 BASIS OF PAYMENT
510.08 The accepted quantities of structural plate structures will be paid for at the contract
unit price for each of the pay items listed below that appear in the bid schedule. Payment will be made under: Pay Item Pay Unit Structural Plate Pipe (______) Linear Foot Structural Plate Arch Pipe (____x____) Linear Foot Structure excavation and structure backfill, including test pits, will be measured and paid for per Section 206. Coating, when specified, will not be paid for separately but shall be included in the work. 510.08 510-4 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 512.01 512-1 SECTION 512 BEARING DEVICE DESCRIPTION
512.01 This work consists of furnishing and placing bearing devices per these specifications and
in conformity with the plan details. MATERIALS
512.02 Elastomeric bearing pads shall include plain bearings and laminated bearings. Plain
bearings are unreinforced pads, consisting of elastomer only, and laminated bearings are reinforced with steel laminates. The elastomer compound shall be classified as bein g of low temperature grade 3, 4 or 5. The grades are defined by the testing requirements of subsection 705.06, Tables 705- 1 and 705- 2. A higher grade of elastomer may be substituted for a lower grade. Elastomer grade, AASHTO Design method (A or B), elast omer shear modulus and elastomer hardness shall be shown in the contract documents. The sheer modulus shall be within 15 percent of the specified value. Materials requirements for elastomeric bearing pads, sheet lead, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE ) sheets, stainless- steel sheets and adhesive material shall conform to the requirements of subsection 705.06. Leveling pads are unlaminated bearings as called for on the plans. They shall be cut or molded from AASHTO elastomer grade 3, 4, or 5 as described in Tables 705 -1 and 705- 2 with a durometer (duro) (Shore “A”) hardness of 60. The sealing mechanism used in pot bearing devices to prevent extrusion of the elastomer shall be of brass or bronze metal. All steel, except stainless- steel, used in fabricating bearing devices shall conform to AASHTO M 270 (ASTM A709) Grade 36 unless otherwise required in the Contract. ASTM A709 Grade 50W or ASTM A709 Grade 50 may be substituted for ASTM A709 Grade 36. Anchor bolts shall be ASTM A449 zinc plated. All welding shall conform to the applicable requirements of ANSI/AWS D1. 1 and Standard Specification 509. Structural steel elements of Type II Bearing Devices shall be painted per Section 509. All metal surfaces of Type III Bearing Devices shall be completely zinc metallized per AWS C2.2 to a thickness of 8 mils, except the surfaces covered with PTFE and surfaces with stainless-steel. The internal pot cavity and bottom surface of the piston for Type III bearings shall be zinc metallized to a thickness of 3 mils and polished to 125 microinches after zinc metallizing. FABRICATION
512.03 Type I Bearing Device. A Type I Bearing Device consists of either a plain or laminated
elastomeric bearing pad with an optional machined sole plate as shown on the plans. Pads 3/4 inch or less in thickness may be either laminated or plain. Pads over 3/4 inch in thickness shall be laminated.