929-1 General.
Supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) shall conform to the requirements of this Section. SCMs shall be used in concrete mix designs in accordance with Section 346. Repulpable bags may be accepted by the Engineer, provided a successful demonstration by the producer has indicated complete degradation of the repulpable bags during the mixing operation and before the mix is discharged. The Engineer may require additiona l testing beyond the requirements of this Section prior to the acceptance of any SCM sources.
929-1.1 Definitions.
The following definitions are applicable to the production and quality control (QC) of SCMs:
1.Approved Laboratory: A laboratory that is currently inspected by the Cement and Concrete Reference Laboratory (CCRL), is actively participating in the CCRL proficiency program and has corrected all deficiencies noted at the time of inspection. The laboratory must authorize the CCRL to send a co py of the final inspection report and proficiency sample results to the State Materials Office (SMO).
2.SCM Producer: Indicates an SCM supplier, including but not limited to a plant, a terminal, or a transfer facility, that has been qualified by the SM O. The Cementitious Materials Production Facility Listing will be maintained by the SMO.
3.Test Report: A certification from the SCM producer showing that the SCM meets the requirements of this Section. The test report must include, at a minimum, the following information:
a.The Type of SCM.
b.The production period.
c.Chemical and physical analysis of the SCM.
d.The silo numbers where the SCM is stored.
e.The specific gravity of the SCM.
f.The approved laboratory that perfo rmed all tests.
4.Purchaser : The term “purchaser” in the ASTM requirements sh all be taken as the Department.
929-2 Quality Control Program.
929-2.1 General: Develop a Producer QC Program as specified in Section 105.
SCM producers shall submit a prop osed QC Plan to the SMO for acceptance. Complete the Cementitious Materials Producer QC Plan Checklist (Appendix B02) and submit it along with the QC Plan, in a separate file. The checklist can be found on the SMO website: https://www.fdot.gov/materials/quality/programs/qualitycontrol/checklists/index.shtm .In addition to the QC Plan, the SCM producer must submit monthly test reports from an approved laboratory which certifies that the SCM in current production or supply conforms to the requirements of this Section. SCM producers with an accepted QC Plan will appear on the Cementitious Materials Production Facili ty Listing. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents QC test data that does not comply with the Specification will not be reason for rejection of the material if the SCM producer’s QC Plan indicates that material will be diverted and not used for Department projects.
929-2.2 Sampling and Testi ng: Representatives from the Department may take
verification samples at the SCM producer’s plant, terminal, distribution facility or the concrete production facility. Samples shall be obtained by one of the methods described in FM 5-503. Sample sizes shal l be a minimum of one gallon by volume . At the concrete production facility, cementitious samples shall be jointly obtained by the Department inspector and the concrete producer’s representative. Upon request of the Department, the SCM producer shall pro vide split samples of the cementitious material collected for QC testing. Split samples shall be delivered to the SMO and shall be identified as representing a designated LOT of the SCM. Notification of failing verification sample test results will be di stributed to the SCM producer and concrete producers (if applicable). Split samples of the initial sample may be provided to the SCM producer and concrete producer upon request.
929-3 Fly Ash.
929-3.1 General: Sampling and testing of fly ash shall follow the requirements of
ASTM C311. Fly ash shall not include the residue resulting from the burning of municipal waste or any other refuse with coal, or the burning of industrial or municipal waste in incinerators.
929-3.2 Fly Ash (Class F): Fly ash derived from the combustion of ground or powdered
coal shall meet the requirements of ASTM C618 Class F fly ash.
929-3.3 Fly Ash (Class C): Fly ash derived from the combustion of ground or powdered
coal shall meet the requirements of ASTM C618 Class C fly ash.
929-3.4 Acceptance Testing of Fly Ash: Acceptance of fly ash from sources operating
under an accepted QC Plan shall be based on the monthly test reports meeting the chemical and physical requirements of ASTM C618 Class F or Class C and this Section. When the loss on ignition exceeds 5 .0%, the Supplementary Optional Physical Requirements shall be mandatory . Fly ash meeting the requirements of ASTM C618 Class F may be used with no further testing. Petroleum coke, b ark ash, or Class C fly ash may be used if the concrete test results provide an improvement or comparable compressive strength, sulfate resistance, corrosion protective properties and other durability requirements, when compared to concrete containing Class F fly ash.
929-3.4 1 Concrete/Mortar Testing: Six concrete mixes shall be prepared by an
accredited laboratory, three control batches using an approved Class F fly ash and three comparison batches with petroleum coke, bark ash, or Class C fly ash, while all other constituents remain the same except for small adjustments to get the mix to yield. Follow the below criteria for each mix :
1.Use a previously approved FDOT Class IV (5,500 psi) mix design.
2.Size No. 57 Coarse Aggregate f rom an approved FDOT source.
3.18 to 22% fly ash replacement.
4.Water/cementitious material s ratio of 0.41. The following testing shall be performed on each concrete mix, as appropriate. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents Table 929-1 Concrete Testing Requirements Test Descriptio n Standard Test Method Test Age Surface Resistivity AASHTO T 358 28 days Compressive Strength ASTM C39 28 days Chloride Diffusion ASTM C1556 or NT Build 443 6 months, 12 months (1) Length Change ASTM C157 28 days(2)
1.Upon completion of all 28 day and 6-month testing, the SCM producer may present the data to the SMO for acceptance. The12 month data shall be provided to the SMO upon completion.
2.Follow the Air Storage procedure. Sulfate Resistance testing shall be performed on a mortar mix in accordance with ASTM C1012 and results reported after 6 and 12 months of testing.
929-4 Slag Cement.
Slag cement (ground granulated blast furnace slag, GGBFS) is the quenched, ground by - product of the iron ore refinement process conducted in blast furnaces. It is primarily an amorphous material of calcium aluminosilicate constituents.
929-4.1 General: Slag cement and reference cement used for determination of slag
activity tests shall meet the requirements of ASTM C989. Sampling and testing procedures shall follow the requirements of ASTM C989.
929-4.2 Acceptance Testing of Slag Cement: Acceptance of slag cement from sources
operating under an accepted QC Plan shall be based on the monthly test reports meeting the chemical and physical requirements of ASTM C989 and this Section. The test report shall include:
1.For slag granules, provide X -ray Fluorescence (XRF) elemental analysis of the granules, presented in oxide form. Include CaO, SiO 2, Al2O3, MgO, Mn 2O3, TiO2, Fe2O3, and sulfur (as sulfide).
2.For slag cement, provide XRF elemental analysis, presented in oxide form. Include CaO, SiO 2, Al2O3, MgO, Mn 2O3, TiO2, Fe2O3, sulfur as sulfide (S), sulfate sulfur (SO 3), and total sulfur as sulfate (SO 3).
3.The results of all testing listed under Test Methods section of ASTM C989.
4.Indicate the amount of any additions introduced during grinding of the slag granules and report compliance with Section 6 of ASTM C989.
a.Amount of limestone added and its CaCO 3 content.
b.Amount of other inorganic processing addition.
5.For calcium sulfate additions, indicate:
a.Amount of calcium sulfate added.
b.Form of calcium sulfate.
c.SO3 content.
d.Method used to determine the amount of calc ium sulfate that was added.
929-4.2 1 Assessment of Sulfate Resistance: Following guidance in
ACI 233R-17 Guide to the Use of Slag Cement in Concrete and Mortar, slag cements with FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents Al2O3 contents greater than 11% should be interground with calcium sulfate to avoid an undersulfated cementitious system. Provide ASTM C1012 data with a 50:50 portland cement - slag cement blend, using a Type II portland cement on the Department’s Production Facility Listing, with an alkali content of no more than 0.6%, when any o f the following conditions occur: 1.The Al 2O3 content of the slag cement is equal to or greater than 12 %.
2.The slag cement is a blend of slag granules from more than one source that are interground during production of the slag cement and for which one or more of the following are true:
a.The Al 2O3 contents of both slag sources are equal to or greater than 12%.
b.The average Al 2O3 content of the blend is equal to or greater than 12%.
c.One of the slag sources has an Al 2O3 content that is equal to or greater than 14%. The Department will consider the ASTM C1012 data acceptable when the results indicate no more than 0.10% expansion at 12 months. The Department may grant provisional acceptance if the expansion does not exceed 0.05% at 6 months. For any slag cements with Al 2O3 content equal to or greater than 12%, perform a retest of ASTM C1012 if the monthly test report indicates that any of the following conditions have occurred :
1.The Al 2O3 content increases by greater than or equal to 1.0% of the content measured during qualification of the sulfate resistance.
2.The sulfate sulfur (SO3) content decreases by 0.25% less than that measured during qualification of the sulfate resistance.
3.The Blaine fineness increases by 50 m2/kg greater than that measured during qualification of the sulfate resistance. The Department may grant provisional acceptance of the slag cement source if ASTM C1012 data is required for any of the above retestin g conditions.
929-5 Calcined Clay.
929-5.1 General: Sampling and testing of calcined clay shall follow the requirements of
ASTM C311. Calcined clay shall meet the requirements of ASTM C618 Class N.
929-5.2 Acceptance Testing of Calcined Clay: Acceptance of calcined clay from
sources operating under an accepted QC Plan shall be based on the monthly test report s meeting the chemical and physical requirements of ASTM C618 Class N and this Section . Calcined clay may be used in concrete if the test results p rovide an improvement or comparable compressive strength, sulfate resistance, corrosion protective properties, and other durability requirements of concrete, when compared to ASTM C618 Class F fly ash concrete.
929-5.2 1 Concrete/Mortar Testing: Six concrete mixes shall be prepared by an
accredited laboratory, three control batches using an approved Class F fly ash and three comparison batches with the calcined clay, while all other constituents remain the same except for small adjustments to get the mix to yield. Follow the below criteria for each mix :
1.Use a previously approved FDOT Class IV (5,500 psi) mix design.
2.Size No. 57 Coarse Aggregate from an approved FDOT source. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents
3.Control batches: Replace 18 to 22% of the portland cemen t with Class F fly ash.
4.Comparison batches: Replace a portion of portland cement with a quantity of calcined clay sufficient to produce properties comparable to those for the control batches.
5.Water/cementitious materials ratio of 0.41 Testing shall be performed in accordance with Ta ble 929-1. Sulfate Resistance testing shall be performed on a mortar mix in accordance with ASTM C1012 and results reported after 6, 12, and 18 months of testing.
929-6 Ground Glass.
929-6.1 General: Sampling and testing of ground glass shall follow the requirements of
ASTM C311. Ground glass shall meet the requirements of ASTM C1866. Sampling and testing procedures shall follow the requirements of ASTM C1866.
929-6.2 Acceptance Testing of Ground Glass: Acceptanc e of ground glass from
sources operating under an accepted QC Plan shall be based on the monthly test reports meeting the chemical and physical requirements of ASTM C1866 and this Section. Ground glass may be used in concrete if the test results provide an improvement or comparable compressive strength, sulfate resistance, corrosion protective properties, and other durability requirements of concrete, when compared to ASTM C618 Class F fly ash concrete.
929-6.2 1 Concrete/Mortar Testing: Six concrete mixes shall be prepared by an
accredited laboratory, three control batches using an approved Class F fly ash and three comparison batches with the ground glass, while all other constituents remain the same except for small adjustments to get the mix to yield. Follow the below criteria for each mix :
1.Use a previously approved FDOT Class IV (5,500 psi) mix design .
2.Size No. 57 Coarse Aggregate from an approved FDOT source .
3.Control batches: Replace 18 to 22% of the portland cement with Class F fly ash.
4.Comparison batches: Replace a portion of portland cement with a quantity of ground glass sufficient to produce properties comparable to those for the control batches.
5.Water/cementitious materials ratio of 0.41 . Testing shall be pe rformed in accordance with Ta ble 929-1. Sulfate Resistance testing shall be performed on a mortar mix in accordance with ASTM C1012 and results reported after 6, 12, and 18 months of testing.
929-7 Highly Reactive Pozzolans .
929-7.1 Silica Fume :
929-7.1 1 General: Silica Fume shall meet the requirements of ASTM C1240
using the referenced test methods and frequencies.
929-7.1 2 Acceptance Testing of Silica Fume: Acceptance of silica fume from
sources operating under an accepted QC Plan shall be b ased on monthly test reports that the material meets the requirements of ASTM C1240 and this Section.
929-7.2 Metakaolin:
929-7.2 1 General: Metakaolin shall meet the requirements of ASTM C618
Class N with the following modifications:
1.The sum of SiO 2 + Al2O3 + Fe2O3 shall be at least 85%. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents
2.The loss on ignition shall be less than 3.0%.
3.The available alkali’s, as equivalent Na 2O, shall not exceed 1.0%.
4.The strength activity Index, at 7 days, shall be at least 85%.
929-7.2 2 Acceptance Testing of Metakaolin: Acceptance of metakaolin from
sources operating under an accepted QC Plan shall be based on the monthly test report s meeting the chemical and physical requirements of ASTM C618 Class N, as modified herein , and this Section.
929-7.3 Ultra Fine Fly Ash:
929-7.3 1 General: Sampling and testing of the ultra fine fly ash shall follow the
requirements of ASTM C311. Ultra fine fly ash derived from the combustion of ground or powdered coal shall meet the requirements of ASTM C618 as a Class F fly ash with the following modifications:
1.The pozzolanic activity index, at 7 days, shall be at least 85% of the control and the pozzolanic activity index, at 28 days, shall be at least 95% of the control.
2.The amount of material retained when wet -sieved on a 45 -µm sieve shall be less than 6.0%.
3.The moisture content shall be less than 1.0%.
4.The loss on ignition shal l be less than 2.0%.
929-7.3 2 Acceptance Testing of Ultra Fine Fly Ash: Acceptance of fly ash
from sources operating under an accepted QC Plan shall be based on the monthly test report s meeting the chemical and physical requirements of ASTM C618 Class F fly ash and this Section . When the loss on ignition exceeds 2.0%, the Uniformity Requirements in the Supplementary Optional Physical Requirements shall be mandatory.
929-8 Shipping and St orage.
SCMs may be delivered in bags or in bulk. SCMs from an SCM producer on the Cementitious Materials Production Facility Listing shall be shipped on the basis of test reports meeting the requirements of this Section. Ensure that e ach shipment is accompanied by a delivery ticket that is traceable to the test report and includes, at a minimum, the following information:
1.FDOT Facility Identifier
2.Type of material (e.g. Class F fly ash or Grade 120 slag)
3.Date shipped
4.Silo Identification The storage building, bin or silo shall be weatherproofed.
929-9 Foreign Supplementary Cementitious Material Acceptance.
SCMs being imported from a foreign source shall conform to all requirements of this Section and will be subject the following process:
1.The proposed QC Plan shall be sent to the SMO and will include information regarding the QC, sampling, storage, and handling of the material at the arrival terminal as well as the shipping control to and from the arrival terminal. In addition, the QC P lan from the foreign source shall be translated to English and will be included with the proposed QC Plan for the arrival terminal.
2.An initial one gallon by volume sample of the imported SCM shall be sent to the SMO for che mical and physical testing. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents
3.When the first ship is being loaded from the foreign source, a one gallon by volume verification sample will be obtained and shipped to the SMO for chemical and physical property testing. The material will be accepted for use on Department projects provided that the QC Plan has been accepted, and the results of the initial and verification samples have been confirmed to meet the requirements of this Section. Upon receiving the shipment of cement at the arrival terminal, the Department will be notified, and a Department representative may obtain another verification sample. Test reports representing each shipment shall be sent to the SMO. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents SECTION 930 MATERIALS FOR CONCRETE REPAIR
930-1 Description.
This Section covers cementitious materials used to repair concrete including defects or purposely placed openings in concrete elements. Materials containing organic compounds, such as bitumen and epoxy resin as the principal binder are not included. The re quirements for epoxy resin materials are covered in Section 926. Any depth larger than the manufacturer’s recommendation for the specific material shall be repaired with portland cement concrete meeting the requirements of Section 346.
930-2 Product Accept ance on the Project.
930-2.1 Product Acceptance: Use only products listed on the Department’s Approved
Product List ( APL). Manufacturers seeking evaluation of products must submit an application in accordance with Section 6 and include independently certi fied test reports that the material meets the requirements of this Section. The application package must describe detailed quality control requirements for installation including, but not limited to: maximum water to cementitious material ratio, formulatio n for two or more component systems , special materials and/or equipment, recommendations for all surface preparation , and curing requirements. Provide the Engineer certification conforming to the requirements of Section 6 from the manufacturer confirming that the materials used meets the requirements of this Section and is the appropriate product for the intended use. When specified in the Contract Documents, submit a report of test results from an independent laboratory on samples taken from material s hipped. Ensure the test was performed within 45 days prior to the shipping date of the material.
930-2.2 Material Supply, Storage, and Marking: The material shall be pre -
proportioned including aggregate. Deliver products in original, unopened containers w ith manufacturer’s name , date of manufacture , and clearly marked with all information described below. Store the material in an elevated dry and weather protected enclosure in full compliance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Material must be used w ithin manufacturer’s recommended shelf life. The material from which the containers are made shall have water vapor transmission not greater than 100 g/m2 in 24 hours as determined in accordance with Procedure B of ASTM E96. All containers shall be mar ked with the following information:
1.LOT identification number and material expiration date
2.Directions for use shall include but are not limited to the following:
a.The type and kind of adhesive recommended (if any) to bond fresh repair materi al to the concrete or mortar being repaired.
b.The recommended amount of resin, other liquid component, or both, to be mixed with the package contents.
c.The recommended length of mixing time or sequence of mixing and resting times in minutes.
3.Date the material was packaged.
4.The yield in cubic feet or yield in ft2/in. thickness when mixed with the recommended amount of liquid. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents
Source: Florida Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2024 Edition. Pages 1022–1028 of 1,299.