449PRECAST CONCRETE DRAINAGE PRODUCTS

449-1 Description.

Precast concrete drainage products hereinafter called products, may include but are not limited to, round concrete pipe, elliptical concrete pipe, underdrains, manholes, endwalls, inlets, junction boxes, three -sided precast concrete culverts, and precast concrete box culverts. Ensure that all precast drainage products are designed and manufactured in accordance with the requirements of the Contract Documents. Obtain precast concrete pipes, box culverts, and drainage structures from a plant that is currently on the Department’s Production Facility Listing. Producers seeking inclusion on the list shall meet the requirements of Section 105. At the beginning of eac h project, submit a notarized certification statement to the Engineer from a company designated representative certifying that the plant will manufacture the products in accordance with the requirements set forth in the Contract Documents and Producer Quality Control (QC) Plan. The Quality Control Manager’s stamp on each product indicates certification that the product was fabricated in conformance with the Producer QC Plan, the Contract, and this Section. Ensure that each shipment of precast concrete produ cts to the project site is accompanied with a QC signed or stamped delivery ticket providing the description and the list of the products. When the Producer Quality Control Program is suspended by the Department, accept responsibility of either obtaining products from a plant with an approved Quality Control Program, or await re -approval of the plant. The Engineer will not allow changes in Contract Time or completion dates as a result of the plant’s loss of qualification. Accept responsibility for all delay costs or other costs associated with the loss of the plant’s qualification.

449-2 Materials.

Ensure that the materials used for the construction of the precast drainage products have a certification statement from the source, showing that they meet the applicable requirements of the Specifications with the following modifications: Reinforcing Bar ................................ ................... Section 415 Coarse Aggregate* ................................ ..............Section 901 Fine Aggregate* ................................ .................. Section 902 Portland Cement and blended cement ................. Section 921 Water ................................ ................................ ...Section 923 Admixtures ................................ .......................... Section 924 Supplementary Cementitious Materials ..............Section 929 Gasket Material ................................ ................... Section 942 Blended Hydraulic Cements ...................... AASHTO M 240 Welded Wire Reinforcement .............................. Section 931 Wire for Site Cage Machines .............................. Section 931 Liner Repair Systems ................................ ..........Section 948 *For concrete pipes the grada tion requirements of concrete aggregates as set forth in Sections 901 and 902 are not applicable. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents

449-3 Construction Requirements.

Unless otherwise stipulated within the Contract Documents, meet the following requirements for concrete mix, product design, fabrication, transportation, and installation: Three-Sided Precast Culverts .............................. Section 407 Precast Concrete Box Culvert ............................. Section 410 Pipe Culverts and Storm Sewers ......................... Section 430 French Drains ................................ ...................... Section 443 Inlets, Manholes, and Junction Boxes ................................ ................ Section 425 and ASTM C478 Underdrains ............................ Section 440 and ASTM C444 Steel Reinforced Round Concrete Pipe ............... ASTM C76 Reinforced Elliptical Concrete Pipe .................. ASTM C507 Non-reinforced Concrete Pipe .......................... ASTM C985 Meet the special requirements for the applicable pipes as described in 449 -4 and 449-5.

449-4 Concrete Pipe.

449-4.1 Special Requirements for Steel Reinforced Concrete Pipe: Use pipe meeting

the requirements of ASTM C76 with the modifications as described in 449 -4.2. Use Special Designed pipe meeting the requirements of ASTM C655. Use Class S pipe meeting the requirements of ASTM C655. Ensure all pipes are properly marked.

449-4.2 Modifications to ASTM C76 and ASTM C507: The following supersedes the

provisions of ASTM C76 and ASTM C507:

925-2 are met a nd the membrane curing compounds are applied in accordance with 400 -16

immediately after the pipe has been removed from the form.

449-4.3 Special Requirements for Non -Reinforced Concrete Pipe: Ensure th e

requirements of ASTM C985 are met with the following exception: Modify material requirements set forth in ASTM C985 with the material requirements set forth in 449 -2. Ensure all pipes are properly marked.

449-4.4 Special Requirements for Reinforced Elli ptical Concrete Pipe: Use elliptical

concrete pipes conforming to the requirements of ASTM C507, except for the exceptions and modifications as specified in 449 -4.2. Ensure the requirements of Table I of ASTM C507 for standard elliptical pipe, the requirem ents of Class HE-III and Class HE-IV of Table I of ASTM C507 for standard elliptical pipe and special elliptical pipe, respectively are met and the joint design requirements set forth in Article 7 of ASTM C443 are met. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents

449-4.5 Concrete Underdrain Pipe: Use perforated concrete pipe for underdrains

meeting the requirements of ASTM C444, with the following modifications:

449-4.6 Rejection of Concrete Pipe: Specific causes for rejection of concrete pipe, in

addition to any failure to meet the general requirements specified in the Contract Documents, are as follows:

449-5 Requirements for Pipe Joints Whe n Rubber Gaskets Are to Be Used.

449-5.1 Design of Joint: Use pipe joint of the bell -and-spigot type or the do uble spigot

and sleeve type, meeting the requirements called for in the Standard Plans . Ensure the joint is so proportioned that the spigot, or spigots, will readily enter the bell or sleeve of the pipe. Ensure the joint ring forms for forming the joint surface are made of either heavy steel, cast iron, or aluminum, and accurately machined to the dimensions of the joint. They must be a true circular form within a tolerance of 1/32 inch. Dimensional checks of joint ring form will indicate for each size pip e a length of spigot, or tongue, not more than 1/8 inch shorter than the bell, or groove, depth. The pipe will be so manufactured that joint surfaces are concentric with the inside of the pipe within a tolerance of 3/32 inch. The shape and dimensions of th e joint must be such as to provide compliance with the following requirements:

449-5.2 When Rubber Gaskets are Used: Ensure that the pipe joints have been tested at

the plant hydrostatically and shown to meet the requirements of Section 6.2 of the Materials Manual, which is available at the following URL: https://www.fdot.gov/programmanagement/Implemented/URLinSpecs/Section62V2.shtm .

449-5.3 When Profile Rubber Gaskets are Used: Ensure the joint design meets the

requirements set forth in Article 7 of ASTM C443.

449-5.4 Tolerances in Imperfections, and Permissible Repairs for Joint of Concrete

Gasketed Pipe: Ensure that all surfaces of near -contact of the jointed pipes are free fro m air holes, chipped or spalled concrete, laitance, and other such defects. Pipes showing minor manufacturing imperfections or handling injuries to the bell or spigot may be acceptable if such defects are acceptably repaired as prescribed below. Individual air holes (trapped air), or spalled areas with a length of up to one -half the pipe radius, or 12 inches whichever is less, may be repaired by careful use of a hand -placed, stiff, pre-shrunk, 1-to-1 mortar of cement and fine sand, and with no additiona l preparation other than a thorough washing with water of the defect. Curing will be done either by moisture curing under wet burlap or by application of an approved membrane curing compound. Such repaired pipe which is sound, properly finished and cured, and which otherwise conforms to specification requirements will be acceptable. Exposed reinforcing and minor spalling in the spigot groove may be accepted if repaired in the following manner: The spalled areas will be chipped back to solid concrete. Exposed reinforcing will be cleaned of all laitance and scale. The entire area is to be coated with an approved epoxy at a thickness of 5 to 10 mils. The coating must be smooth and conform to the shape of the g roove. The epoxy must be a Type F-1 as specified i n Section 926. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents SECTION 450 PRECAST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION

450-1 Description.

Fabricate, store, transport and erect precast/prestressed concrete members prestressed by the pretensioning method. Pretensioned precast prestressed concrete products are products prestressed by the pretensioning method. In this method, steel or fiber rein forced polymer (FRP) components are stressed and anchored; the concrete for the product is then cast and cured, and finally the stress in the steel or FRP components is released from the anchorages to the concrete through bond, after the concrete has attai ned its specified release strength. A precast prestressed concrete plant, hereinafter called plant, is an independent operating facility capable of performing all the operations necessary to fabricate precast/prestressed concrete products. Obtain precast /prestressed products from a plant that is currently on the Department’s Production Facility Listing. Producers seeking inclusion on the list shall meet the requirements of Section 105. When the Producer’s Quality Control Program is suspended, accept resp onsibility of either obtaining precast/prestressed products from a precast/prestressed concrete plant with an accepted Quality Control Program, or await re -approval of the Producer Quality Control Program. The Engineer will not allow changes in Contract Ti me or completion dates as a result of the concrete plant’s Quality Control Program suspension. Accept responsibility for all delay costs or other costs associated with the plant’s Quality Control Program suspension.

450-2 Quality Control Program.

450-2.1 General: Develop a Producer Quality Control Program as specified in

Section 105. Meet the requirements of the accepted Quality Control Program, Contract Documents, and Precast/Prestressed Concrete Institute (PCI) Manual for Quality Control for Plants and Production of Structural Precast Concrete Products (MNL -116). The requirements of the Contract Documents will govern, when there is a discrepancy between the PCI Manual and the Contract Documents. Accept responsibility for performing daily Quality Contr ol (QC) inspections of all phases of work ensuring all materials and workmanship incorporated into the product meet the requirements of the Contract Documents. Also, maintain a daily activity report detailing the results of the daily Quality Control Progra m activities. Ensure these daily reports and minutes of the weekly meetings with the Engineer and the plant’s production personnel are maintained at the plant. During the weekly meetings, discuss the results of the QC inspections. Ensure a QC inspector i s present during concrete placements and performs inspection during all fabrication of precast prestressed concrete products, including the inspection of the operations before, during and after the placement of concrete.

450-2.2 Plant: Ensure each plant h as an onsite QC Manager or designee meeting the

requirements of Section 105 at all times during fabrication.

450-2.3 Tolerances:

Inspect all prestressed concrete products within five working days of detensioning to ensure their dimensions (other than sweep and camber) conform to the specified tolerances and to determine if there are any deficiencies. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents