430PIPE CULVERTS

430-1Description

Furnish and install drainage pipe and end sections at the locations called for in the Plans. Furnish and construct joints and connections to existing pipes, catch basins, inlets, manholes, walls, etc., as may be required to complete the work. Obtain pipe culverts and drainage products from a plant that is currently on the Department’s Production Facility Listing. Producers seeking inclusion on the list shall meet the requirements of Section 105. At the beginning of each project, submit a notarized certification statement to the Engineer in accordance with Section 6. The Quality Control Manager’s stamp or label on each product indicates certification that the product was fabricated in conformance with the P roducer QC Plan, the Contract, and this Section. Ensure that each shipment of drainage products to the project site is accompanied with a QC signed or stamped delivery ticket providing the description and the list of the products. When the Producer Qualit y Control Program is suspended by the Department, accept responsibility of either obtaining products from a plant with an approved Quality Control Program, or await re -approval of the plant. The Engineer will not allow changes in Contract Time or completio n dates as a result of the plant’s loss of qualification. Accept responsibility for all delay costs or other costs associated with the loss of the plant’s qualification. Construct structural plate pipe culverts or underdrains in accordance with Sections 435 and 440. For pipe culverts installed by jack & bore, install in accordance with Section 556.

430-2Materials

430-2.1Pipe: Meet the following requirements:

Concrete Pipe ................................ ................................ .........Section 449 Steel Pipe ................................ ................................ ...............556-2.1 Round Rubber Gaskets ................................ .......................... Section 942 Resilient Connec tors* ................................ ............................ Section 942 Corrugated Steel Pipe and Pipe Arch ................................ .....Section 943 Corrugated Aluminum Pipe and Pipe Arch ........................... Section 945 Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe ................................ ................ Section 948 Steel Reinforced Polyethylene Ribbed Pipe .......................... Section 948 Steel Reinforced Polyethylene Corrugated Pip e .................... Section 948 Corrugated Polypropylene Pipe ................................ .............Section 948 Corrugated Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe .......................... Section 948 Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer Pipe ................................ ......Section 948 Metal Grates ................................ ................................ ...........Section 962 *Use resilient connector products listed on the Department’s Approved Produ ct List (APL).

430-2.2Joint Materials: Use joint materials specified in 430 -7 through 430 -9 according

to type of pipe and conditions of usage. 462 FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents

430-2.3Mortar: Use mortar composed of one part Portland cement and two parts of

clean, sharp sand, to which mixture the Contractor may add hydrated lime in an amount not to exceed 15% of the cement content. Use mortar within 30 minutes after its preparation.

430-2.4End Treatments: Meet the requirements of Section 425-3.1. For precast end

treatments, meet the requirements in 449 -1. Use the concrete Class designated in the Plans and Standard Plans, and as specified in Section 346 and 347.

430-2.5Grates: Use metal grati ngs that meet the requirements of 962 -8

430-2.6Filter Fabric: Use a Type D -3 filter fabric meeting the requirements specified in

430-3Type of Pipe to be Used

430-3.1General: Prior to the preconstruction conference, submit to the Engineer which

optional pipe material from the optional materials tabulation sheet will be used. Once a pipe material is selected, do not change pipe materials without approval of the Engineer. When the Plans designate a type (or types) of pipe, use only the type (or choose from the types) designated. As an exception, when the Plans designate reinforced concrete pipe as ClassS, Class I, Class II, Class III and Class IV, the Contractor may use non -reinforced concrete pipe up to and including 36 inch in diameter.

430-3.2Side Drain: If the Plans do not designate a type (or types) of pipe, the Contractor

may use either a minimum Class I concrete pipe, corrugated steel pipe, corrugated aluminum pipe, corrugated high-density polyethylene pipe, steel reinforced polyethylene ribbed pipe, polypropylene pipe, or PVC pipe. If one of the metal types is chosen, use the minimum gage specified in Section 943 for steel pipe or Section 945 for aluminum pipe. Alternatively, w hen metal pipe is allowed and no future maintenance concerns exist , the Contractor may propose the pipe gage based on the Department’s Drainage Manual and Culvert Service Life Estimator for approval by the Engineer. When extending existing pipes, construct the pipe extensions of the same size and kind as the existing pipe. Extensi ons of existing pipes, whose materials are no longer produced, shall be extended with the most similar pipe material available. Non-reinforced concrete pipe may also be substituted for concrete pipe in side drains, subject to the provisions of 430 -3.1.

430-4Laying Pipe

430-4.1General: Lay all pipe, true to the lines and grades given, with bells upgrade and

spigot end fully entered into the bell. When pipe with quadrant reinforcement or circular pipe with elliptical reinforcement is used, install the p ipe in a position such that the manufacturer’s marks designating “top” and “bottom” of the pipe are not more than five degrees from the vertical plane through the longitudinal axis of the pipe. Do not allow departure from and return to plan alignment and g rade to exceed 1/16 inch per foot of nominal pipe length, with a total of not more than 1 inch departure from theoretical line and grade. Take up and relay any pipe that is not in true alignment or which shows any settlement after laying at no additional e xpense to the Department. Do not use concrete pipe with lift holes except round pipe which has an inside diameter in excess of 54 inches or any elliptical pipe. Repair lift holes, if present, with hand -placed, stiff, non -shrink, 1-to-1 mortar of cement and fine sand, after first washing out the hole with water. Completely fill the void created by the lift hole with mortar. Cover the repaired area with a 24 inch by 24 inch piece of filter fabric secured to the pipe. 463 FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents

Follow the manufacturer’s instructi ons, to secure the filter fabric to the pipe, until the backfill is placed and compacted. Do not cut or drill into or through the corrugations or ribs of plastic pipe except when necessary to meet the dimensional requirements shown in the Plans. When installing pipes in structures, construct inlet and outlet pipes of the same size and kind as the connecting pipe shown in the Plans. Use the same pipe material within each continuous run of pipe. Extend the pipes through the walls for a distance beyond th e outside surface sufficient for the intended connections, and construct the concrete around them neatly to prevent leakage along their outer surface as shown on Standard Plans, Index 425-001. Keep the inlet and outlet pipes flush with the inside of the wa ll. Resilient connectors as specified in 942 -3 may be used in lieu of a masonry seal. Furnish and install a filter fabric jacket around all pipe joints and the joint between the pipe and the structure in accordance with Standard Plans, Indexes 425-001 and 430- 001. Use fabric meeting the physical requirements of Type D -3 specified in Section 985. Extend the fabric a minimum of 12 inches beyond each side of the joint or both edges of the coupling band, if a coupling band is used. The fabric must have a mini mum width of 24 inches, and a length sufficient to provide a minimum overlap of 24 inches. Secure the filter fabric jacket against the outside of the pipe by metal or plastic strapping or by other methods approved by the Engineer. Meet the following mini mum joint standards:

Table 430-1 Pipe Application Minimum Standard Storm and Cross Drains Water-tight Gutter Drain Water-tight Side Drains Soil-tight

When rubber gaskets are to be installed in the pipe joint, the gasket must be the sole element relied on to maintain a tight joint. Soil tight joints must be watertight to 2 psi. Water-tight joints must be water -tight to 5 psi unless a higher pressure rati ng is required in the Plans. When laying pipes that pass through mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) reinforced fill , connect the portion of the pipe within the wall to the external portion of the pipe run only after the full height of the wall supported embankment is in place. When Wall Zone Pipes are shown in the Plans, meet the following requirements :

structures.

internal walls .

requirements:

2 inches from the fully home d position in both straight alignment and 5% deflection .

5/8 inch for all pipe diameters. 464 FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents

430-4.2Trench Excavatio n: Excavate the trench for storm and cross drains, and side

drains as specified in Section 125.

430-4.3Foundation: Provide a suitable foundation, where the foundation material is of

inadequate supporting value, as determined by the Engineer. Remove the u nsuitable material and replace it with suitable material, as specified in 125 -8. Where in the Engineer’s opinion, the removal and replacement of unsuitable material is not practicable, he may direct alternates in the design of the pipeline, as required to provide adequate support. Minor changes in the grade or alignment will not be considered as an adequate basis for extra compensation. Do not lay pipe on blocks or timbers, or on other unyielding material, except where the use of such devices is called fo r in the Plans.

430-4.4Backfilling: Backfill around the pipe as specified in 125 -8 unless specific

backfilling procedures are described in the Contract Documents.

430-4.5Plugging Pipe: When existing pipe culverts are to be permanently placed out of

service, fill them with flowable fill that is non -excavatable, contains a minimum 350 pounds per cubic yard of cementitious material and meets the requirements of Section 121 and/or plug them with masonry plugs as shown in the Plans. Install masonry plugs tha t are a minimum of 8 inches in thickness, in accordance with Standard Plans, Index 430-001. When proposed or existing pipe culverts are to be temporarily placed out of service, plug them with prefabricated plugs as shown in the Plans. Install prefabricated plugs in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Do not fill or construct masonry plugs in any pipe culvert intended for current or future service.

430-4.6End Treatment: Place an end treatment at each storm and cross drain, and side

drain as shown in the Plans. Sod around end treatments in accordance with Standard Plans, Index 570-001. 430-4.6.1 U-Type Concrete Endwalls: Construct in accordance with the Plans and Standards Plans, Indexes 430-010 through 430-012 and Index 430-090.

430-4.6.2 Flared End Sections: Construct in accordance with the Plans and

Standard Plans, Index 430-020. Use precast flared end sections only.

430-4.6.3 Mitered End Sections: Construct in accordance with the Plans and

Standard Plans, Indexes 430-021 and 430-022. Construct mitered end sections for corrugated

high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe, polypropylene (PP) pipe, steel reinforced polyethylene

ribbed (SRPE) pipe and polyvinyl-chloride (PVC) pipe as specified in Section 948 and as

detailed in the Standard Plans.

430-4.6.4 Straight and Winged Concrete Endwalls: Construct in accordance

with the Plans and Standard Plans, Indexes 430-030 through 430-040.

Provide end treatments for corrugated polyethylene pipe, polypropylene pipe, and

PVC pipe as specified in Section 948, or as detailed in the Plans.

430-4.7Metal Pipe Protection: Apply a bituminous coating to the surface area of the

pipe within and 12 inches beyond the concrete or mortar seal prior to sealing, to protect

corrugated steel or aluminum pipe embedded in a concrete structure, such as an inlet, manhole,

junction box, endwall, or concrete jacket.

Ensure that the surface preparation, application methods (dry film thickness and

conditions during application), and equipment used are in accordance with the coating

manufacturers’ published specifications.

Obtain the Engineer’s approval of the coating products used. 465FY 2023-24Return to Table of Contents

430-4.8Pipe Inspection: For pipes installed under the roadway, inspection is to be

conducted when backfill reaches 3 feet above the pipe crown or upon completion of placement

of the stabilized subgrade. For pipe installed within fills, including embankments confined by

walls, inspection is to be conducted when compacted embankment reaches 3 feet above the pipe

crown or the finished earthwork grade as specified in the Plans. Prior to conducting the

inspection, submit to the Engineer a video recording schedule for videoing, dewater installed

pipe, and remove all silt, debris, and obstructions. Submit pipe videoing and reports to the

Department for review prior to the continuation of paving.

For pipe 48 inches or less in diameter, submit to the Engineer the video files and

reports using low barrel distortion video equipment with laser profile technology, non-contact

video micrometer and associated software. For all pipe types, provide a Pipe Observation

Summary Report for each pipe run that includes:

pipe.

defects.

For flexible pipe types, submit a Pipe Ovality Report for each pipe run that

includes:

limit clearly delineated.

Laser profiling and measurement technology must be certified by the company

performing the work to be in compliance with the calibration criteria posted at:

https://fdotwww.blob.core.windows.net/sitefinity/docs/default-

source/construction/engineers/environmental/laser-profiling-calibration-criteria.pdf. Reports

submitted in electronic media are preferred.

The Engineer may waive this requirement for side drains and cross drains which

are short enough to inspect from each end of the pipe.

430-4.8.1 Video Report: Provide video files via digital media (DVD, flash drive,

or other) or by online digital distribution with a minimum standard resolution of 720 x 480. Use

a camera with lighting suitable to allow a clear picture of the entire periphery of the pipe. Center

the camera in the pipe both vertically and horizontally and be able to pan and tilt to a 90 degree

angle with the axis of the pipe and rotating 360 degrees. Use equipment to move the camera

through the pipe that will not obstruct the camera’s view or interfere with proper documentation

of the pipe’s condition.

The video image shall be clear, focused, and relatively free from roll,

static, or other image distortion qualities that would prevent the reviewer from evaluating the

condition of the pipe. The video will include identification before each section of pipe filmed.

The identification will include the project number, the structure number corresponding to the

structure number in the Plans for the project, size of pipe, the date and time, and indicate which

pipe is being filmed if multiple pipes are connected to the structure. Notes should be taken

during the video recording process. Submit these notes along with the video.

Move the camera through the pipe at a speed not greater than 30 feet per

minute. Mark the video with the distance down the pipe. The distance shall have an accuracy of

one foot per 100 feet. Film the entire circumference at each joint. Stop the camera and pan when 466FY 2023-24Return to Table of Contents

necessary to document and measure defects. Position the camera head perpendicular to all

defects requiring measurement by the video micrometer.

430-4.8.2 Reinspection: At any time after reviewing the submitted pipe

inspection reports, the Engineer may direct additional inspections. If no defects are observed

during the reinspection, the Department will pay for the cost of the reinspections in accordance

with 4-3. If defects are observed, the reinspection and all work performed to correct the defects

will be done at no cost to the Department. Acceptance of all replacements or repairs will be

based on video documentation of the completed work prior to Final Acceptance.

430-5Removing Existing Pipe

If the Plans indicate that existing pipe is to remain the property of the Department, collect

and stack along the right-of-way all existing pipe or pipe arch so indicated in the Plans to be

removed, or that does not conform to the lines and grades of the proposed work and that is not to

be re-laid, as directed by the Engineer. Take care to prevent damage to salvageable pipe during

removal and stacking operations.

430-6Placing Pipe Under Railroad

430-6.1General: Construct pipe culverts under railroad tracks in accordance with the

requirements of the railroad company.

Perform all the shoring under the tracks, and sheeting and bracing of the trench,

required by the railroad company or deemed necessary by the Engineer in order to ensure safe

and uninterrupted movement of the railroad equipment, at no expense to the Department.

430-6.2Requirements of the Railroad Company: Install pipe using methods required

by the railroad company and shown in the Contract Documents.

When the general method of installation required by the railroad company is

indicated in the Plans, do not alter such method, or any other specific details of the installation

which might be indicated in the Plans, without receiving approval or direction from the railroad,

followed by written approval from the Engineer.

430-6.3Notification to Railroad Company: Notify the railroad company and the

Engineer at least ten days prior to the date on which pipe is to be placed under the railroad tracks.

430-6.4Placing Pipe by Jacking: Obtain the Engineer’s and the railroad company’s

approval of the details of the jacking method to be used, when placing pipe through the railroad

embankment, before the work is started.

430-6.5Use of Tunnel Liner: When the railroad company requires that a tunnel liner be

used for placing the pipe in lieu of the jacking method, the Department will pay for the tunnel

liner material separately in cases where the Contract Documents do not require the use of a

tunnel liner. For these cases the Department will reimburse the Contractor for the actual cost of

the liner, delivered at the site. The Department will base such cost on a liner having the

minimum gage acceptable to the railroad.

430-7Specific Requirements for Concrete Pipe

430-7.1Sealing Joints: Seal the pipe joints with round rubber or profile gaskets meeting

the requirements of Section 449. Ensure that the gasket and the surface of the pipe joint,

including the gasket recess, are clean and free from grit, dirt, and other foreign matter, at the time

the joints are made. In order to facilitate closure of the joint, application of a vegetable soap

lubricant immediately before closing of the joint will be permitted. Prelubricated gaskets may be 467FY 2023-24Return to Table of Contents

used in lieu of a vegetable soap lubricant when the lubricating material is certified to be inert

with respect to the rubber material.

430-7.2Laying Requirements for Concrete Pipe with Rubber Gasket Joints: Do not

allow the gap between sections of pipe to exceed 5/8 inch for pipe diameters of 12 inches

through 18 inches, 7/8 inch for pipe diameters of 24 through 66 inches, and 1 inch for pipe

diameters 72 inches and larger. Where minor imperfections in the manufacture of the pipe create

an apparent gap in excess of the tabulated gap, the Engineer will accept the joint provided that

the imperfection does not exceed 1/3 the circumference of the pipe, and the rubber gasket is

1/4 inch or more past the pipe joint entrance taper. Where concrete pipes are outside of these

tolerances, replace them at no expense to the Department. Do not apply mortar, joint compound,

or other filler to the gap which would restrict the flexibility of the joint.

430-7.3Field Joints for Elliptical Concrete Pipe: Use either a preformed plastic gasket

material or an approved rubber gasket to make a field joint.

430-7.3.1 Plastic Gasket: Meet the following requirements when field joints are

made from preformed plastic gasket material:

430-7.3.1.1 General: Install field joints in accordance with the

manufacturer’s instructions and the following:

430-7.3.1.2 Material: Meet the requirements of 942-2.

430-7.3.1.3 Joint Design: Ensure that the pipe manufacturer submits

details to the Engineer regarding configuration of the joint and the amount of gasket material

required to affect a satisfactory seal. Do not brush or wipe joint surfaces which are to be in

contact with the gasket material with a cement slurry. Fill minor voids with cement slurry.

430-7.3.1.4 Primer: Apply a primer of the type recommended by the

manufacturer of the gasket material to all joint surfaces which are to be in contact with the gasket

material, prior to application of the gasket material. Thoroughly clean and dry the surface to be

primed.

430-7.3.1.5 Application of Gasket: Apply gasket material to form a

continuous gasket around the entire circumference of the leading edge of the tongue and the

groove joint, in accordance with the detail shown on Standard Plans, Index 430-001. Do not

remove the paper wrapper on the exterior surface of the gasket material until immediately prior

to joining of sections. Apply plastic gasket material only to surfaces which are dry. When the

atmospheric temperature is below 60ºF, either store plastic joint seal gaskets in an area above

70ºF, or artificially warm the gaskets to 70ºF in a manner satisfactory to the Engineer.

430-7.3.1.6 Installation of Pipe: Remove and reposition or replace any

displaced or contaminated gasket as directed by the Engineer. Install the pipe in a dry trench.

Carefully shape the bottom of the trench to minimize the need for realignment of sections of pipe

after they are placed in the trench. Hold to a minimum any realignment of a joint after the

gaskets come into contact. Prior to joining the pipes, fill the entire joint with gasket material and

ensure that when the pipes are joined there is evidence of squeeze-out of gasket material for the

entire internal and external circumference of the joint. Trim excess material on the interior of the

pipe to provide a smooth interior surface. If a joint is defective, remove the leading section of

pipe and reseal the joint.

430-7.3.2 Rubber Gasket: Meet the following requirements when field joints are

made with profile rubber gaskets:

430-7.3.2.1 General: Install field joints in accordance with the

manufacturer’s instructions and the following: 468FY 2023-24Return to Table of Contents

430-7.3.2.2 Material: Meet the requirements of 942-4.

430-7.3.2.3 Joint Design: Ensure that the pipe manufacturer submits

details to the Engineer regarding configuration of the joint and gasket required to effect a

satisfactory seal. Do not apply mortar, joint compound, or other filler which would restrict the

flexibility of the gasket joint.

430-7.4Requirements for Concrete Radius Pipe:

430-7.4.1 Design: Construct concrete radius pipe in segments not longer than

4 feet (along the pipe centerline), except where another length is called for in the Contract

Documents. Join each segment using round rubber gaskets. Ensure that the pipe manufacturer

submits details of the proposed joint, segment length and shape for approval by the Engineer,

prior to manufacture.

430-7.4.2 Pre-Assembly: Ensure that the manufacturer pre-assembles the entire

radius section in his yard, in the presence of the Engineer, to ensure a proper fit for all parts. At

the option of the manufacturer, the Contractor may assemble the pipe without gaskets.

Consecutively number the joints on both the interior and exterior surfaces of each joint, and

make match marks showing proper position of joints. Install the pipe at the project site in the

same order as pre-assembly.

430-8Specific Requirements for Corrugated Metal Pipe

430-8.1Field Joints:

430-8.1.1 General: Make a field joint with locking bands, as specified in

Article 9 of AASHTO M36 and AASHTO M196M for aluminum pipe. For aluminum pipe,

fabricate bands from the same alloy as the culvert sheeting.

When existing pipe to be extended is helically fabricated, make a field

joint between the existing pipe and the new pipe using one of the following methods:

sections required in Sections 943 or 945, or fabricate the pipe so that the re-rolled annular section

is fabricated only on one end. Use either a spiral (helical) band with a gasket or a flat band with

gaskets as required by 430-8.1.2 (2) to join the pipe sections.

Standard Plans, Index 430-001.

430-8.1.2 Side Drain, Storm and Cross Drain, and Gutter Drains: Where

corrugated metal pipe is used as side drain, storm and cross drain, or gutter drain, use a rubber or

neoprene gasket of a design shown to provide a joint as specified in 430-4.

Use a gasket of one of the following dimensions:

single gasket a minimum of 7 inches by 3/8 inch or two gaskets a minimum of 3-1/2 inches by

3/8 inch; and for annular joints with 1 inch depth corrugations: either a single gasket a minimum

of 7 inches by 7/8 inch or two gaskets a minimum of 3-1/2 inches by 7/8 inch.

gasket a minimum of 5 inches by 1 inch or two gaskets a minimum of 3-1/2 inches by 1 inch;

and for helical joints with 1 inch depth corrugations: either a single gasket a minimum of

5 inches by 1-1/2 inches or two gaskets a minimum of 3-1/2 inches by 1-1/2 inches.

If, in lieu of a single gasket spanning the joint, two gaskets are used, place

these individual gaskets approximately 2 inches from each pipe end at the joint. When two

gaskets are used, seal the overlapping area on the coupling band between the gaskets consistent 469FY 2023-24Return to Table of Contents

with the joint performance specified. The Contractor may tuck a strip of preformed gasket

material over the bottom lip of the band for this purpose. Use coupling bands that provide a

minimum circumferential overlap of 3 inches. As the end connections on the coupling band are

tightened, ensure that there is no local bending of the band or the connection. Use precurved

coupling bands on pipe diameters of 24 inches or less.

Use flat gaskets meeting the requirements of ASTM D1056, designation

2C2 or 2B3. In placing flat gaskets on pipe prior to placing the coupling band, do not stretch the

gasket more than 15% of its original circumference. Use circular gaskets meeting the

requirements of ASTM C361. Do not stretch the circular gasket more than 20% of its original

circumference in placing the gasket on pipe. Use preformed plastic gasket material meeting the

composition requirements of 942-2.2.

Apply an approved vegetable soap lubricant, as specified for concrete pipe

in 430-7.1.1.

430-8.1.3 Alternate Joint: In lieu of the above-specified combination of locking

bands and flat gaskets, the Contractor may make field joints for these pipe installations by the

following combinations:

are at least 10-1/2 inches wide and consist of a flat central section with a corrugated section near

each end, designed to match the annular corrugation in the pipe with which they are to be used.

Connect the bands in a manner approved by the Engineer, with a suitable fastening device such

as the use of two galvanized 1/2 inch diameter bolts through a galvanized bar and galvanized

strap, suitably welded to the band. Use a strap that is the same gage as the band.

Where helically corrugated pipe is to be jointed by this alternate

combination, ensure that at least the last two corrugations of each pipe section are annular, and

designed such that the band will engage each pipe end with the next-to-outside annular

corrugation.

“O-ring” type conforming to ASTM C361. Use gaskets having the following cross-sectional

diameter for the given size of pipe:

Table 430-2

Non-SI Units

Pipe Size Gasket Diameter

12 inches through 36 inches (with 1/2 inch depth corrugations) 13/16 inch

42 inches through 96 inches (with 1/2 inch depth corrugations) 7/8 inch

36 inches through 120 inches (with 1 inch depth corrugations) 1-3/8 inches

Use preformed gasket material to seal the overlapping area on the

coupling band between gaskets.

reformed and flanged specifically to receive these bands. Use channel band couplers that are of a

two piece design, are fabricated from galvanized steel stock conforming to AASHTO M36, have

2 inch by 2 inch by 3/16 inch angles fastened to the band ends to allow for proper tightening, and

meet the following: 470FY 2023-24Return to Table of Contents

Table 430-3

Non SI Units

Band Thickness Pipe Wall Thickness

0.079 inch 0.109 inch or lighter

0.109 inch 0.138 inch or heavier

3/4 inch wide 0.109 inch or lighter

1 inch wide 0.138 inch or heavier

Furnish two 1/2 inch diameter connection bolts with each band, that

conform to ASTM A307, Grade A and are electroplated in accordance with ASTM B633.

Use a gasket with the joint that is a hydrocarbon blend of butyl rubber

meeting the chemical composition and physical properties of 942-2.2. Use a 3/8 by 3/4 inch

gasket for pipe fabricated from 0.109 inch or lighter material and a 3/8 by 1 inch gasket for pipe

fabricated from 0.138 inch and heavier material.

The Contractor may use a flange band coupler without the gasket for all

applications other than side drain, storm and cross drain, and gutter drain.

Do not use the flange band coupler to join dissimilar types of pipe.

The Contractor may join reformed flanged helical pipe to existing annular

or reformed pipe having annular ends. On non-gasketed installations, use either an annular band

or an alternate joint described in 430-8.1.3. On gasketed installations, use an annular band,

minimum of five corrugations in width, in conjunction with two O-ring gaskets as specified in

430-8.1.3. Use mastic material to seal the area of band overlap.

The minimum joint performance standards specified in 430-4.1 apply.

430-8.2Laying and Shape Requirements for Corrugated Metal Pipe: Install pipe

using either a trench or open ditch procedure.

Check pipe shape regularly during backfilling to verify acceptability of the

construction method used. Pipe deflected 5% or more of the certified actual mean diameter of the

pipe at final inspection shall be replaced at no cost to the Department. Deflection measurements

are taken at the point of smallest diameter on the corrugations.

430-9Specific Requirements for Steel Reinforced Polyethylene Ribbed Pipe, Corrugated

High-Density Polyethylene Pipe, Polypropylene Pipe, and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Pipe.

430-9.1Sampling Requirements: Submit a sample of each pipe material and diameter

used on each project to the Engineer a minimum of two weeks prior to the installation, provided

that the pipe meets all of the following:

polypropylene

intended for use as cross drain

as defined in the Florida Department of Transportation Drainage Manual.

The length of each sample pipe section must comprise at least seven regular

corrugations (not including the first three corrugations of the pipe on the bell or spigot ends). 471FY 2023-24Return to Table of Contents

430-9.2Field Joints: Use gasketed joints to seal side drain, and storm and cross drain

Use gaskets meeting the requirements of Section 449. Ensure that the pipe manufacturer provides

a joint design approved by the Engineer before use.

430-9.3Installation Requirements Including Trenching, Foundation and Backfilling

Operations: Check structure shape regularly during backfilling to verify acceptability of the

construction method used.

Replace pipe deflected 5% or more of the certified actual mean diameter of the

pipe at final inspection at no cost to the Department.

430-10Desilting Pipe or Concrete Box Culvert

Desilt pipe culvert and concrete box culvert as designated in the Plans.

430-11Method of Measurement

430-11.1New Pipe Installed by Excavation or Trenching: The quantity of storm and

cross drain pipe, storm drain trench, side drain and gutter drain pipe, installed by pipe culvert

optional material - excavation or trenching, to be paid for will be plan quantity, in place and

accepted. The plan quantity will be determined from the inside wall of the structure and from

station/offset location for end treatments as shown in the Plans, along the centerline of the pipe.

Adjustment to bid quantities, prices and payment will not be allowed for

increases, decreases, or changes in material or installation requirements due to the use of any

optional pipe materials.

If adjustments are required due to Plan errors or omissions or authorized field

changes, the plotted material and not the material elected would be used to establish new pay

quantities.

Pipe sizes other than round (elliptical/arch) are summarized and paid for using

equivalent round pipe diameter.

430-11.2New Pipe Installed by Jack & Bore: The quantity of storm and cross drain

pipe, storm drain trench, side drain and gutter drain pipe, installed by pipe culvert optional

material - jack & bore, to be paid for will be the plan quantity, in place and accepted. The

measurement and payment will be the plan quantity length of the casing or carrier pipe installed

by jack & bore.

Carrier pipe installed through/inside the casing is paid for as pipe culvert optional

material – excavation or trenching.

430-11.3End Treatment: The quantity of all end treatments to be paid for will be the

number completed and accepted. For mitered end sections, the measurement will be per each end

of pipe. Sod will be paid for in accordance with Section 570.

430-12Basis of Payment

430-12.1General: Prices and payments will be full compensation for all work specified

in this Section, including all excavation except the volume included in the items for the grading

work on the project, and except for other items specified for separate payment in Section 125; all

backfilling material and compaction; disposal of surplus material; and all clearing and grubbing

outside of the required limits of clearing and grubbing as shown in the Plans.

No separate payment will be made for bituminous coating, concrete collars, or

concrete jackets.

No payment will be made for failed bore paths, injection of excavatable flowable

fill, products taken out of service, or incomplete installations. Payment will include all work and 472FY 2023-24Return to Table of Contents

materials necessary for jack & bore, including boring, backfilling, flowable fill, and restoration

materials necessary for a complete and accepted installation.

No payment will be made for jack & bore until a Bore Path Report has been

submitted to the Engineer.

430-12.2Removing Existing Pipe: When existing pipe is removed and replaced with

new pipe approximately at the same location, the cost of excavating and removing the old pipe

and of its disposal will be included in the Contract unit price for clearing and grubbing.

430-12.3Site Restoration: The cost of restoring the site, as specified in 125-11, that is

disturbed, solely for the purpose of constructing pipe culvert, will be included in the Contract

unit price for the pipe culvert, unless designated specifically to be paid for under other items.

430-12.4Plugging Pipes: The cost of temporarily plugging a pipe culvert, either

proposed or existing, will be incidental to the contract unit price for new pipe culvert.

The cost of filling and/or plugging an existing pipe culvert that is to be

permanently placed out of service will be paid for at the contract unit price for filling and

plugging pipe, per cubic yard. Price and payment will be full compensation for flowable fill,

masonry, concrete, mortar, and all labor and materials necessary to complete the work.

When the project includes no quantities for new pipe culverts, and temporary

plugs are required for existing pipe culverts, the cost will be considered as extra work, in

accordance with 4-3.5.

430-12.5Desilting Pipe: Desilting pipe will be paid for at the contract unit price per foot

for each pipe desilted. Price and payment will be full compensation for furnishing all equipment,

tools and labor, disposal of silt and debris, and all incidentals necessary for satisfactorily

performing the work.

430-12.6Desilting Concrete Box Culverts: Price and payment will be full

compensation for all work required.

430-12.7Flared End Sections: Price and payment will be full compensation for all

concrete, reinforcement, toe walls, and all work and materials required.

430-12.8Mitered End Sections: Price and payment will be full compensation for all

materials, pipe, grates when required, fasteners, reinforcing, connectors, anchors, concrete,

sealants, jackets and coupling bands, and all work required.

430-12.9U-Type Endwalls: Price and payment will be full compensation for all

materials concrete, reinforcement, grate, baffles, accessories, and all work required. Fencing,

when called for in the Plans, will be paid for under Fencing, Type B, per foot. Rip rap will be

paid for in accordance with Section 530.

430-12.10Straight and Winged Endwalls: Price and payment will be full compensation

for all concrete, reinforcement, grate, accessories, and all work and materials required.

430-12.11Railroad Requirements: Where pipe culvert is constructed under railroad

tracks, the Contract unit price for the pipe culvert will include the costs of any jacking operations

and the operation of placing the pipe by use of a tunnel liner, (except as specified for

unanticipated tunnel liner, in 430-6.5, where reimbursement is to be made for such unanticipated

liner), and all other work necessary to meet the requirements of the railroad company, excluding

the costs of watchman or flagman services provided by the railroad company, except as provided

below.

The Department will reimburse the Contractor for the actual costs of any trestle

bridge work which is performed by the railroad’s forces, as billed to him by the railroad, less the

value of any salvage materials derived there from, whether such salvage materials are retained by 473FY 2023-24Return to Table of Contents

the railroad company or by the Contractor. When the work of shoring and bracing is to be

performed by the railroad, such fact will be stipulated in the Contract Documents and the

Contractor will be required to pay to the railroad the amount of such costs, which amount will be

reimbursed to him by the Department. The Contract unit price for the pipe culvert shall include

the costs of all other work of shoring and bracing.

430-12.12Payment Items: Payment will be made under:

Item No. 430- 17- Pipe Culvert Optional Material - Excavation or Trenching -

per foot.

Item No. 430- 18- Pipe Culvert Optional Material - Jack & Bore - per foot.

Item No. 430- 94- Desilting Pipe - per foot.

Item No. 430- 96- Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe - per foot.

Item No. 430- 98- Mitered End Section - each.

Item No. 430-200- Flared End Sections - each.

Item No. 430-400- Winged Concrete Endwalls - each.

Item No. 430- 5- Straight Concrete Endwalls - each.

Item No. 430- 6- U-Type Concrete Endwalls - each.

Item No. 430-830- Filling and Plugging Pipe - cubic yard.

Item No. 430-950- Desilting Concrete Box Culvert - per cubic yard. 474FY 2023-24Return to Table of Contents PIPE LINER

431-1Description

Rehabilitate drainage pipe by installing a pipe liner in accordance with the requirements of this Section. The Plans will indicate the location of the pipe to be rehabilitated, the material composition and the alternate liner types that may be used to reha bilitate the pipe, and the method of liner installation.

431-2Materials

Meet the requirements of Section 948.

431-3Pre-installation Requirements

Prior to installing the pipe liner, inspect the host pipe and ensure that it is clean, dry and stable. Inspect the host pipe by means of closed circuit television. The closed circuit television inspection may be augmented by a visual inspection in which persons enter a host pipe to inspect it, at no additional cost to the Department. Obtain written approval f rom the Engineer prior to allowing persons to enter a host pipe. Furnish all equipment necessary to inspect, remove silt and other debris, and dewater the host pipe to the satisfaction of the Engineer. Seal cracks and joints using an approved chemical grou t of either acrylamide base gel, acrylic base gel, urethane base gel, or urethane base foam. Place flowable fill as directed by the Engineer to maintain the stability of the host pipe.

431-4Installation Methods

431-4.1General: Install the liner using o ne of, or a combination of, the following

methods: sliplining, inverting, pulling/pushing, spiral winding, paneling, coating, or bursting. Seal or grout the annular space between the interior of the host pipe and the exterior of the liner according to the liner manufacturer’s written instructions.

431-4.2Sliplining: Use either polyethylene, high density polyethylene, polyvinyl

chloride, fiberglass, steel or aluminum pipe liner. Install the liner by joining discrete lengths, panels or segments of the pipe liner in a manhole or other access point and inserting the liner into the host pipe. 431-4.2.1 Polyethylene: Install polyethylene pipe liner in accordance with ASTM F585. The manufacturer’s written instructions may be substituted for ASTM F585 with written permission from the Engineer. 431-4.2.2 High Density Polyethylene: Install high density polyethylene pipe liner in accordance with ASTM F585. The manufacturer’s written instructions may be substituted for ASTM F585 with written permission from the Eng ineer. 431-4.2.3 Polyvinyl Chloride: Install polyvinyl chloride pipe liner in accordance with ASTM F1698. 431-4.2.4 Fiberglass, Steel or Aluminum: Install fiberglass, steel or aluminum pipe liner in accordance with the manufacturer’s written instructio ns. 431-4.2.5 Steel Reinforced Polyethylene Ribbed Pipe: Install reinforced pipe liner in accordance with ASTM F585. The manufacturer’s written instructions may be substituted for ASTM F585 with written permission from the Engineer.

431-4.3Inverting: Install a resin impregnated felt tube pipe liner into the host pipe, and

cure in place, in accordance with ASTM F1216. 475 FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents