985GEOSYNTHETIC MATERIALS

985-1 Description .

Geosynthetic materials are used for nonstructural and structural applications and shall be either geotextiles (woven or non -woven) or geogrids (woven or extruded) that are used for drainage, erosion control, r einforcement, separation or stabilization .

985-2 General Requirements .

985-2.1 Product Acceptance : All geosynthetic materia ls shall be one of the products

listed on the Department’s Approved Product List (APL). Manufacturers seeking evaluation of products for inclusion on the APL shall submit an application in accordance with Section 6 and include the following documentation. A separate application must be submitted for each geotextile type to be evaluated, showing that the product meets the applicable requirements. Documentation Requirements Installation Instructions Include surface preparations, installation, overlap or sewing instructions, and repair procedures. NTPEP Audit Report, for Structural Geosynthetic Materials Only manufacturer’s facility included on NTPEP’s list of compliant producers. NTPEP Test Results Product meets requirements of this Section Product Label Photo Displays the Product Name Product Photo Displays the significant features of the product as required in this section. Displays location of Manufacturer name and model number. Technical Data Sheet Uniquely identifies the product and includes product specifications , reporting requirements, and storage instructions Products will be listed on the APL according to the geosynthetic application type.

985-2.2 Material Application : In addition to the general requirements, meet the

following physical requirements: Drainage ................................ ................................ .............................. 985-3 Erosion Control ................................ ................................ ................... 985-4 Structural ................................ ................................ ............................. 985-5

985-2.3 Materials : The geosynthetic material shall be a woven , non-woven or extruded

material consisting of long -chain polymeric filaments or yarns such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, polyamides or polyvinylidene chloride formed into a stable network such that the filaments or yarns retain their relative position to each other. The bas e plastic shall contain stabilizers and/or inhibitors to make the filaments resistant to deterioration due to ultra - violet light, heat exposure and potential chemically damaging environment . The edges of the material shall be selvaged or otherwise finished to prevent the outer yarn from pulling away from the material and shall be free of any treatment which may significantly alter its physical properties.

985-2.4 Physical Requirements : Each geosynthetic material shall be tested by an

independent third par ty in accordance with the methods shown. All testing and reported values, FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents except Apparent Opening Size (AOS), are to be minimum average roll values in the weakest principal direction , unless indicated otherwise in this Section. Values for AOS are maximum average roll values.

985-2.5 Packaging and Labeling: Geosynthetics shall be packaged in a protective

covering sufficient to protect the material from temperatures greater than 140 F, sunlight, dirt, and other debris during shipment and storage. The manufacturer’s name, product name, style number, roll dimensions and LOT numbers must be clearly labeled on all packaging.

985-2.6 Overlaps and Seams: Overlaps shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s

recommendations, unless specified otherwise in t he Contract Documents for a particular application. To reduce overlaps, the geosynthetic material may be sewn together in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Sew the seams with thread meeting the chemical requirements and minimum seam stren gth requirements for the application.

985-3 Drainage .

985-3.1 Application : Select geotextile materials based on the following applications:

Table 985-1 Drainage Applications Geotextile Type Description Standard Plans Index D-1 Revetment (Special) Rock, Rubble without bedding stone Ditch Pavement (Rubble Riprap) without bedding stone 524-001 D-2 Revetment (Standard) Articulating Block Gabions 524-001 Rock, Rubble, and Broken Concrete with bedding stone Ditch Pavement (Rubble Riprap) with bedding stone 524-001 Joint Cover for Mechanically Stabilized Retaining Wall with Coarse Aggregate Backfill Joint Cover for Mechanically Stabilized Retaining Wall Supporting Spread Footing Foundations D-3 Underdrain: Types II, III, and V 440-001 French Drain 443-001 Sheet Piling Filter Filter Fabric Jacket (Culvert) 430-001 Box Culvert Joints 400-289 and 400-291 Concrete Pavement Subdrainage 446-001 Joint Cover for Mechanically Stabilized Retaining Wall with Sand or Limerock Backfill D-4 Slope Pavement Ditch Pavement (Sand -Cement Riprap or Concrete) 524-001 D-5 Separation Geotextile FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents Table 985-1 Drainage Applications Geotextile Type Description Standard Plans Index Cast-In-Place Retaining Wall

985-3.2 Physical Requirements : Materials for drainage applications must be tested in

accordance with and meet the following physical requirements: Table 985-2 Geotextile Selection In-situ Soil Type or Drainage Application Class for Type D1, D2, D3 Materials < 15% passin g a No. 200 Sieve* a 15% to 50% passing a No. 200 Sieve* b > 50% passing a No. 200 Sieve* c > 50% passing a No. 200 Sieve* with Plastic Index >7 d MSE Joint Cover for Sand or Limerock Backfill e MSE Joint Cover for Coarse Aggregate Backfill f *as per AASHTO T88. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents Table 985-3 Drainage Geotextiles Test Methods and Requirements for Types D -1, D-2 and D-3 Property/Test Method D-1 D-2 D-3 Limitation Woven Monofilament Geotextiles only Woven Geotextiles only. No Slit Film Geotextiles No Slit Film Geotextiles Minimum Permittivity (Sec - 1) per ASTM D4491 D-1a = 0.7 D-1b = 0.2 D-1c = 0.1 D-1d = 0.1 D-1e = 0.25 D-1f = 1.5 D-2a = 0.7 D-2b = 0.2 D-2c = 0.1 D-2d = 0.1 D-2e = 0.25 D-2f = 1.5 D-3a = 0.5 D-3b = 0.2 D-3c = 0.1 D-3d = 0.1 D-3e = 0.7 Maximum AOS (mm, US Sieve No.) per ASTM D4751 D-1a = 0.425 (40) D-1b = 0.250 (60) D-1c = 0.212 (70) D-1d = 0.300 (50) D-1e = 0.212 (70) D-1f = 0.600 (30) D-2a = 0.425 (40) D-2b = 0.250 (60) D-2c = 0.212 (70) D-2d = 0.300 (50) D-2e = 0.212 (70) D-2f = 0.600 (30) D-3a = 0.425 (40) D-3b = 0.250 (60) D-3c = 0.212 (70) D-3d = 0.300 (50) D-3e = 0.212 (70) Minimum Grab Tensile Strength (lbs) per ASTM D4632 315 Woven Monofilament = Other Woven Geotextiles = 315 Elongation <50% = 248 Elongation ≥50% = 158 Mass per Unit Area (oz/sy) per ASTM D5261 Provide Test Result Provide Test Result Provide Test Result Minimum Puncture Strength (lbs) per ASTM D6241 618 Woven Monofilament = Other Woven Geotextiles = 618 Elongation <50% = 495 Elongation ≥50% = 309 Minimum Trapezoidal Tear (lbs) per ASTM D4533 113 Woven Monofilament = Other Woven Geotextiles: = 113 Woven Monofilament = 57 Other Geotextiles: Elongation <50% = 90 Elongation ≥50% = 57 Minimum UV Resistance per ASTM D4355 (% Retained Strength) 50% @500 hours 50% @500 hours 50% @500 hours FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents Table 985-4 Test Methods and Requirements for Drainage Geotextiles Types D-4 and D-5 Property/Test Method D-4 D-5 Minimum Permittivity (Sec-1) per ASTM D4491 0.5 0.5 Maximum AOS (mm, US Sieve No.) per ASTM D4751 0.425 (40) 0.212 (70) Minimum Grab Tensile Strength ( lbs) per ASTM D4632 180 90 Mass per Unit Area (oz/sy) per ASTM D5261 Provide Test Result Provide Test Result Minimum Puncture Strength ( lbs) per ASTM D6241 223 223 Minimum Trapezoidal Tear ( lbs) per ASTM D4533 70 40 Minimum UV Resistance per ASTM D4355 (% Retained Strength) 50% @500 hours 50%@500 hours

985-4 Erosion Control.

985-4.1 Application: Materials may contain natural fibers added to acceptable plastic

erosion mats for the sole purpose of facilitating turf growth. However, materials used for erosion control applications must be tested without any natural fiber components in accordance with and meet the physical requirements Table 985-6. Table 985-5 Erosion Control Applications Type Description E-1 Staked Silt Fence E-2 Wind Screen E-3 Plastic Erosion Mat (Turf Reinforcement Mat) (Type 1) E-4 Plastic Erosion Mat (Turf Reinforcement Mat) (Type 2) E-5 Plastic Erosion Mat (Turf Reinforcement Mat) (Type 3)

985-4.2 Physical Requirements : Each geosynthetic material shall meet the following

requirements: Table 985-6 Test Methods and Requirements for Erosion Control Materials Property/Test Method E-1 E-2 E-3 E-4 E-5 Permittivity (Sec -1) per ASTM D4491 0.05 0.05 NA NA NA Grab Tensile Strength (lbs) per ASTM D4632 90 90 NA NA NA Minimum UV Resistance per ASTM D4355 (% Retained Strength) 80% @500 hours 80% @150 hours 80% @500 hours Tensile Strength **(lbs/ft) per ASTM D6818 or D5035 NA NA 135x70 275x135 550x275 FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents Table 985-6 Test Methods and Requirements for Erosion Control Materials Property/Test Method E-1 E-2 E-3 E-4 E-5 Filtration Efficiency (%) per ASTM D5141 75% and min. flow rate of 0.3 gal/sf/min NA NA NA NA Design Shear*** NA NA ≥2.1 psf ≥3.6 psf ≥5.0 psf **Tensile Strength is expressed in units of measure of lbs/ft, in machine direction and cross direction as MD x CD. ***Design Shear limits for Erosion mats must be determined by 30 minutes sustained flow in an unvegetated state as determined by tests perform ed by Utah State University, Texas Transportation Institute or an independent testing laboratory approved by the State Drainage Engineer.

985-5 Structural.

985-5.1 Applications : Materials for reinforcement, separation and stabilization

applications must be tested in accordance with and meet the physical requirements below. The ultimate tensile strength of all R -1 materials must be at least 4800 pounds per foot in both the machine and cross machine directions. Table 985-7 Reinforcement, Separation and Stabilization Applications Type Description R-1 Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil (GRS -IBS) R-2 Reinforcement of Foundations over Soft Soils R-3 Reinforced Soil Slopes R-4 Reinforced Embankment R-5 Construction Expedient

985-5.2 Physical Requirements: Each geosynthetic material shall be tested in

accordance with the following requirements: Table 985-8 Test Methods and Reporting Requirements for Structural Geosynthetics Property/Test Method Structural Application Type Test Methods for Woven Geotextiles Test Methods for Woven or Extruded Geogrids Permittivity (sec-1) R - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ASTM D4491 NA UV Stability (Min Retained Strength @500 hr) R - 3 ASTM D4355 ASTM D4355 Puncture Strength ( lbs) R - 5 ASTM D6241 NA Grab Strength ( lbs) R - 5 ASTM D4632 NA Opening Size R - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 AOS (US Sieve No.) ASTM D4751 Aperture Size (in x in) Tensile Strength ( lbs/ft) ASTM D4595 ASTM D6637 Machine Direction Ultimate, (T ult) 2% Strain R - 1, 3 5% Strain R - 2, 3, 4, 5 FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents Table 985-8 Test Methods and Reporting Requirements for Structural Geosynthetics Property/Test Method Structural Application Type Test Methods for Woven Geotextiles Test Methods for Woven or Extruded Geogrids 10% Strain R - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Cross Direction Ultimate 2% Strain R - 1, 3, 5% Strain R - 2, 3, 4, 5 10% Strain R - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Strain @ Ultimate Tensile Strength R - 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Tear Strength ( lbs) ASTM D4533 NA Machine Direction R - 5 Cross Direction R - 5 Soil-Geosynthetic Friction R - 1, 2, 3 ASTM D5321 ASTM D5321/6706 Pullout Resistance R - 3 ASTM D6706 ASTM D6706 Creep Resistance -Tcreep (lbs/ft) R - 2, 3 ASTM D5262 ASTM D5262 Creep Reduction Factor (Tult/Tcreep) R - 2, 3 NA NA Installation Damage (RF ID) AASHTO R69 AASHTO R69 Sand R - 2, 3, 4 Limestone R - 2, 3, 4 Durability (RF D) AASHTO R69 AASHTO R69 Chemical R - 2, 3, 4 Biological R - 2, 3, 4 Joint Strength (RF j) Mechanical R - 2, 3 GRI: GT7 GRI: GG4(a) & GG4(b) Sewn R - 2, 3 ASTM D4884 NA FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents SECTION 987 SOIL LAYER MATERIALS

987-1 Description.

All material shall be suitable for plant growth. The organic matter content of the soil layer after mixing shall be a minimum of 2.5%, a maximum of 10%, in accordance with FM 1-T267 and have a pH value of 5.5 or greater and less than or equal to 7.0 as determined in accordance with FM 5-550. The organic matter content shall be created using any of the following materials.

987-2 Materials.

Soil layer materials may be obtained from either, or a combi nation of, the following sources:

987-2.1 Organic Soil: This may consist of muck, mucky peat and peat and shall have an

organic matter content of 30% or more if the mineral fraction is more than 50% clay, or more than 20% organ ic matter if the mineral fraction has no clay.

987-2.2 Blanket Material: Meet the material classification shown in the Plans and

Standard Plans, Index 120-001.

987-2.3 Compost: Meet the requirements of Florida Department of Environmental

Protection Rule 62.709.550 Type Y (yard waste), Type YM (yard waste and manure), Type A (municipal solid waste compost) or Rule 62.640.850 Type AA (composted biosolids) and have unrestricted distribution.

987-2.3 1 Compost for use as a Soil Amendment: If the electrical conductivity

(EC) value of the compost exceeds 4.0dS (mmhos/cm) based on the saturated paste extract method, the compost shall be leached with water prior to application.

987-2.3 2 Compost for use as a Mulch: The compost shall contain no foreign

matter, such as glass, plastic or metal shards. The compost shall be slightly coarse to coarse in nature (over half of the solids shall be from particles 1/2 inches in size and no greater than 6 inches). Preference shall be given to compost or mulch made from unco ntaminated woody waste materials.

987-2.4 Landscape Soil: Landscape soil must be sandy loam or loamy sand with

properties of AASHTO classification A -2-4 or A-4. The soil must have an organic matter content of 5 to 10% using the loss on ignition (LOI) test in accordance with FM 1-T267 from a soil testing laboratory approved in accordance with 105 -7. Soil must be free of litter and deleterious substance such as cans, debris, particles greater than 0.50 inches, and rinsate containing lime or toxic materials. Soil must be free of noxious plants or propagules of plants listed in Florida Rule 5B - 57.007, and invasive exotic plants listed under Category I Florida Exotic Plant Pest Council. Where shown in the Plans or when approved by the Engineer, existing soil may be amended with compost or biosolids to meet the requirements of this Section. Use compost in accordance with FDEP Rule 62.709.550 and 62.709.600. Use biosolids in accordance with Florida Rule 62.640.850. FY 2023-24 Return to Table of Contents