3733Geosynthetic Materials

3733.1SCOPE

Provide geotextiles or geogrids as specified in the Contract.

3733.2REQUIREMENTS

A General Provide geosynthetics that are uniform in texture, thickness, and appearance, and free of defects, flaws, or abrasions. Deliver rolls of geosynthetics with an opaque plastic covering to protect from ultraviolet rays or contamination with mud, dirt, dust, or debris. Geosynthetics are required to be resistant to biological and chemical environments normally found in soi ls. Label the geosynthetics on the outside wrap and inside the core in accordance with ASTM D4873, Standard Guide for Identification, Storage, and Handling of Geosynthetic Rolls and Samples , and with the following:

B Geotextiles Provide geotextiles made from woven, nonwoven, or knit fabric of polymeric filaments or yarns, such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, or polyamide. Except for Type 1b (knit sock), provide geotextiles in compliance with the National Transportation Product Evaluation Program (NTPEP). For Types 1, 3-13 meet the applicable requirements in Table 3733.2-1 through Table 3733.2-4.

Table 3733.2-1 Geotextile Properties for Types 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Geotextile Property ASTM Test Method Units Type * 3 4 5 6 7 † Fabric Knit sock ║ B1 Grab Tensile Strength minimum, each principal direction D4632 Pounds 100 — 100 200 200 ‡ 300 B2 Elongation minimum, each principal direction D4632 Percent — — 50 50 — ‡ 50 B3 Seam Breaking Strength minimum # D4632 Pounds 90 — 90 180 180 ‡ 270 B4 Apparent Opening Size

D4751 U.S. Sieve 40 40 as applied 50 50 30 20 50 B5 Permittivity minimum** D4491 sec−1 0.7 2.75 relaxed 0.5 0.5 0.05 0.05 0.5 B6 Puncture strength minimum D6241 Pounds — 180 — — — — — B7 Wide Width Strip Tensile Strength minimum each principal direction D4595 pounds/feet — — — — — ‡ — * Minimum Average Roll Values (MARV) based on an average of at least three tests per swatch. ║ Provide socks made of knit polymeric Materials and meeting the requirements of ASTM D6707 ‑06, Standard Specification for Circular-Knit Geotextile for Use in Subsurface Drainage Applications , for Type H as given for properties B4, B5, and B6 fabric. Ensure the sock exhibits minimum snag or run potential, is factory‑ applied to maintain uniform installed mass, and conforms to the outside diameter of the tubing with a snug fit. † Needle-punched nonwoven. Do not use thermally bonded (heat-set) fabric. ‡ Requirements are site-specific and will be as specified in the Contract. The property values for B1 and B3 may not be less than shown for Type 5. If the Contract does not specify either B1 or B7, use a default value of 300 pounds for B1. If the Contract does not specify seam strength, use a default value of 270 pounds for B3. # Adhere to this requirement if the Contract requires or allows seams. Strength Specifications apply to factory and field seams. Use thread for sewing that has the strength of at least 25 pounds. Sew seams with a Federal Type 401 stitch (ASTM D6193-16, Standard Practices for Stiches and Seams) using a two-spool sewing machine and install seams facing upward. For seaming with adhesives, see the A PL. § For U.S. Sieve sizes, the AOS Number must be equal to or greater than the Sieve size specified. ** Permittivity: P = K/L, where K = fabric permeability and L = fabric thickness.

Table 3733.2-2 Type 8 Geotextile Properties Property Requirements Test Procedure Geotextile type Nonwoven, needle-punched geotextile, no thermal treatment (calendaring or IR) Manufacturer Certificate of Compliance Color Uniform/Nominally same-color fibers Visual Inspection Mass per unit area ≥ 14.7 ounce/square yard ASTM D5261* Thickness under load (pressure) At 0.29 psi: ≥ 0.12 inches At 2.9 psi: ≥ 0.10 inches At 29 psi: ≥ 0.04 inches ASTM D5199ǁ Wide-width tensile strength ≥ 685 pounds/feet ASTM D4595†

Property Requirements Test Procedure Wide-width maximum elongation ≤ 130 percent ASTM D4595† Water permeability in normal direction under load (pressure) At 2.9 psi: ≥ 3.3x10-4 feet/second ASTM D5493 MnDOT Modified‡ or ASTM D4491# In-plane water permeability

(pressure) At 2.9 psi: ≥ 1.6x10-3 feet/second At 29 psi: ≥ 6.6x10-4 feet/second ASTM D6574 MnDOT Modified§ or ASTM D4716** Weather resistance Retained strength ≥ 60 percent ASTM D4355ǁǁ at 500 hours exposure Alkali resistance ≥ 96 percent polypropylene/polyethylene Manufacturer certification of polymer

Table 3733.2-3 Types 9, 10, 11, and 12 Geotextile Properties Properties Test Method Unit Type 9 Type 11 Type 12 Minimum Average Roll Value MD CD MD CD MD CD Tensile Strength at Ultimate ASTM D4595 lbs/ft 3,500 3,200 Tensile Strength @ 2 Percent Strain ASTM D4595 lbs/ft 600 1,000 480 1,800 Tensile Strength @ 5 Percent Strain ASTM D4595 lbs/ft 1,800 2,200 1,400 4,300 Cyclic Tensile Modulus @ 2 Percent Strain ASTM D7556 “Method C” lbs/ft 50,000 70,000 50,000 120,000 Interaction Coefficient: Ci* ASTM D6706 0.89 0.90 Properties Test Method Unit Maximum Roll Value Apparent Opening Size (AOS) ASTM D4751 U.S. Sieve 30 40 40 Properties Test Method Unit Minimum Average Roll Value Permittivity ASTM D4491 sec-1 0.5 0.90 1.0 Flow Rate ASTM D4491 gal/min/ft2 40 75 75 Properties Test Method Unit Minimum Roll Value UV Resistance (at 500 hours exposure) ASTM D4355 Percent Strength Retained 70 90 90 Seam Breaking Strength ASTM D4884 Pounds/ inch 200ǁ

For Type 10, meet the requirements of AASHTO M288 Class 4A – Geotextile.

Properties Test Method Unit Type 9 Type 11 Type 12 Minimum Average Roll Value MD CD MD CD MD CD * Perform test with a normal pressure of 1.0 psi. Use material in the mold consisting of GW or SP with a maximum internal angle of friction of 34 degrees. ǁ If required, use thread with a minimum strength of 25 pounds. Sew seams with a ASTM D6193 Federal Type 401 stitch using a two-spool sewing machine, and install seams facing upward.

Table 3733.2-4 Type 13 Geotextile Properties Properties Test Method Unit Minimum Average Roll Value MD and CD Wide Width Max Elongation ASTM D4595 Percent 20 Permittivity ASTM D4491 Sec-1 0.4 Minimum wet front movement in vertical direction ASTM 1559 (modified for geotextiles) Inches 4 Minimum wet front movement in horizontal direction: ASTM 1559 (modified for geotextiles) Inches 70 Wide Width Tensile Strength ASTM D4595 lbs/Ft 5000 Wide Width Tensile Strength @2 Percent Strain ASTM D4595 lbs/Ft 450 MD and 1000 CD Apparent Opening Size (AOS) ASTM D4751 U.S. Sieve 40 Maximum Opening Size Flow Rate D4491 Gal/Min/ft2 30 MARV

C Geogrid Provide geogrid consisting of woven, or punched and sheet drawn of polymeric filaments or yarns, or ribs such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, or polyamide. Provide biaxial geogrid meeting the requirements of Table 3733.2-5 for the type specified in the Contract.

Table 3733.2-5 Geogrid Properties Geogrid Property ASTM Test Method Units Type 1 Type 2 Ultimate Tensile Strength minimum, MD direction D6637* pound/foot 850 1300 Ultimate Tensile Strength minimum, XMD direction D6637* pound/foot 1300 1950 Tensile Strength at 5 percent Strain minimum MD Direction D6637* pound/foot 550 800 Tensile Strength at 5 percent Strain minimum XMD Direction D6637* pound/foot 900 1300 Resistance to UV Degradation D4355ǁ Percent 100 100 Grid Aperture Size MD Nominal Inches 1.0 1.0 Grid Aperture Size XMD Nominal Inches 1.3 1.3 * ASTM D6637, Standard Test Method for Determining Tensile Properties of Geogrids by the Single or Multi - Rib Tensile Method ǁ ASTM D4355, Standard Test Method for Deterioration of Geotextiles by Exposure to Light, Moisture and Heat in a Xenon Arc-Type Apparatus

3733.3SAMPLING AND TESTING

A Certificate of Compliance For each shipment, provide a Certificate of Compliance. For geotextiles, also provide a document stating the manufacturer’s MARV. B Sampling and Testing Sample and test according to the Schedule of Materials Control. Cut samples across the full width of the roll. Do not sample the first full turn (outside layer) of the roll. For geotextiles, provide seam samples in addition to the regular sample and use the same machine, or an equal machine to the one on the Project, to produce seam samples.