201.1.02 Related References A.Standard Specifications
B.Referenced Documents General Provisions 101 through 150 . 201.1.03 Submittals General Provisions 101 through 150.
201.2Materials
General Provisions 101 through 150. 201.2.01 Delivery, Storage, and Handling General Provisions 101 through 150.
201.3Construction Requirements
201.3.01 Personnel General Provisions 101 through 150. 201.3.02 Equipment General Provisions 101 through 150. 201.3.03 Preparation General Provisions 101 through 150. 201.3.04 Fabrication General Provisions 101 through 150. 178 178 178 178 178 178 178 178 178 178
201.3.05 Construction A.General Establish Right -of-Way and construction lines. The Engineer will designate which trees, shrubs, and plants will remain in the ground. Preserve things designated to remain. Apply the requirements of Subsection 107.22, Subsection 107.23, and Section 161 to clearing and grubbing operations. Strip grass immediately ahead of grading. To prevent the spread of Introduced Invasive Pest Species , do the following: 1.Adhere to the restrictions of Section 155.3.05.A for moving soil, mulch, sod or plants, stump wood or timber with soil attached. 2.Adhere to the requirements of Section 155.3.05.B for cleaning of equipment, except that the USDA inspectio n wi ll not be required for vegetative matter. 3.Dispose of vegetative parts of plants that may reproduce (roots and aboveground parts that bear fruit) b y b urning on site (where permitted) or bury with a minimum cover of 3 ft. (1 meter) at an approved site. Obtai n the Engineer’s approval for any other methods of disposal. B.Clearing Clear objects within the Right- of-Way and easement areas as follows: 1.Choose a method of clearing that prevents damage to property, trees, or retained shrubbery in or outside o f the Right- of-Way. 2.Remove stumps that are part of the clearing operations as specified under Subsection 201.3.05.C, Grubbing 3.Cut the stumps not grubbe d as specified in this section. 4.Dispose of cleared materials as specified in Subsection 201.3.05.E . C.Grubbing Grubbing consists of removing and disposing objectionable matter embedded in the underlying soil (defined i n S ubsection 201.3.05.B, Clearing ) from the Right- of-Way and easement areas. 1.Grubbing Operations When grubbing, remove abandoned obstructions referenced in Subsection 201.1.01 Definitions to the following depths: a.Under Pavements: Remove to a depth of at least 3 ft. (1 m) below the finished subgrade. b.Underneath Other Structures: Remove to at least 3 ft. (1 m) below the foundations of any propose d st ructure, including installations such as guard rail posts and utility poles. c.Elsewhere in the Right- of-Way and easement areas: Remove as follows: 1)R emove to at least 3 ft. (1 m) below the finished surface of slopes and shoulders and 1 ft. (300 mm) below natu ral ground outside construction lines. 2)T horoughly crack or break abandoned structures that may impound water. These structures includ e co ncrete floors, basements, and catch basins within 10 ft. (3 m) of finished grade. 3)B reak floors so that no section greater than 10 ft.² (1 m²) remains intact. 179 179 179 179 179 179 179 179 179 179
2.Except as modified under Subsection 201.3.05.D , use the following procedure to perform grubbing: a.Remove stumps and other matter that cannot be removed by a root rake. Remove stumps to a mini mum de pth of 2 ft . (600 mm) below the ground line. b.Rake areas containing objectionable roots to a depth of at least 6 in. (150 mm) below the surface. c.Remove remaining objectionable matter by hand or other suitable means. When necessary, remove small roots (see Subsection 201.1.01 Objectionable Roots ) detrimental to the work. d.Backfill stump holes and compact backfill to the approximate density of the surrounding soil. e.Harrow the area with a heavy- duty disc harrow that penetrates and turns the ground to at least 6 in . ( 150 m) deep. f.Remove objectionable matter exposed by the harrowing. g.Level the harrowed areas with blading equipment. Leave the grubbed areas smooth enough for a power mower. D.Modifications of Clearing and Grubbing Modify clearing and grubbing as follows: 1.In Excavation Areas Modify clearing and grubbing in excavation areas as follows: a.Harrowing and leveling may be omitted. b.Do not fill stump holes except when the bottom of any stump hole extends below the elevation of the fi nished subgrade. In this case, fill the portion of each hole below subgrade elevation with suitabl e mater ial compacted to at least the density of the surrounding soil. 2.In Embankment Areas Modify clearing and grubbing in embankment areas as follows: a.Under 4.5 ft. (1.4 m) Clear and grub areas without modification where the original ground and finished grade differ in elevatio n 4. 5 ft. (1.4 m) or less. b.Over 4.5 ft. (1.4 m) Clear, but do not grub areas covered by embankments exceeding the 4.5 ft. (1.4 m) elevation difference s pecified in step (a) above. Except the removal of unsound or decayed stumps. Remove and backfill stumps according to Subsection 201.3.05.C.2. When leaving sound stumps in place, cut them off to no more than 6 in. (150 mm) above the original ground line. c.Embankment Areas Over Old Roads Clear and grub without modification ditches and slopes of old roads to a depth that removes all objectionable matter to provide a firm foundation. 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180
3.Areas Outside of Roadway Except as specified in this section, clear and grub the entire Right-of -Way and easement areas outsid e co nstruction limits and leave it smooth and free from loose boulders and debris that would interfere wi th p ower mowers. Exceptions to the above requirements are as follows : a .Selective Clearing When the Engineer directs to preserve certain trees and plants, protect them from injury. Trees to b e r emoved shall be felled to prevent injury to standing trees, plants, and improvements to be preserved. Cut off tree branches overhanging the roadway within 20 ft. (6 m) of the finished grade close to the boles. Also, remove other branches to create a balanced appearance. Grub areas adjacent to selected trees andshrubs without damage to living roots of the selected trees or shrubs. b.Special Treatment Areas Clear special treatment areas according to the plan notes. c.Steep Slopes Clear or selectively clear slopes that are too steep for power mowers (slopes steeper than 3 horizontal to 1 vertical) and clear or selectively clear slopes that are subject to excessive erosion. Do not grub i n thes e areas. d.Grassed Areas Do not grub (if the Engineer approves) reasonably large areas outside construction limits covered wi th g rasses and smooth enough for power mowers. Remove stumps, trees, and other objectionable matter. 4.Bridge Sites Modify clearing and grubbing at bridge sites as follows: a.Stream Bridges Clear the Right- of-Way for stream bridges for the full length of the proposed structure. Cut stumps an d b rush flush with the ground line. The Engineer will require a second cutting if high water prevents cutting stumps flush with the ground. I f the Engineer requires more than two cuttings, see Subsection 201.5 for payment. Remove drift and stumps where necessary to permit installation of rip rap, piling, piers, abutments, wing walls, and bents. Properly backfill the holes. Preserve stump and brush root systems at river and stream banks when they have been cut flush with the g round line. b.Other Bridges Clear and grub bridges (other than stream bridges) as specified within this specification for roadway areas and areas outside of the roadway. 181 181 181 181 181 181 181 181 181 181
E.R emoval and Disposal of Materials 1.Merchantable Timber and Buildings The Department may dispose of merchantable timber and buildings or may allow a property owner to remove them from the land granted for Right- of-Way before the Contractor begins operation. Therefore, th e D epartment does not guarantee that merchantable timber or buildings will be on the Right- of-Way when the w ork begins. Material salvaged from removing timber or buildings becomes the property of the Contractor. Demolish, remove, and dispose of all building structures within the right of way and easement areas including concrete slabs, footings, foundations, etc. except building structures designated to remain in place. Grade todrain all disturbed ground to a reasonably smooth and pleasing appearance, free from loose boulders andother debris that would interfere with the use of power mowers. Grass all disturbed areas. Prior to demolition or removal: a.Inspect all building structures for the presence of asbestos. The inspection shall be done by an EPA Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA) accredited inspector whose certification is current. b.Provide a copy of all inspection reports including the inspector’s credentials to the Engineer. c.Provide written notice of intent to demolish to the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (EPD) of the G eorgia Department of Natural Resources in accordance with EPD regulations with a copy to the eng ineer. This notice is required even if there is no asbestos present. If there is asbestos present, its removal shall be done by a contractor licensed with the EPD in accordance with the Rules of Georgia Department of Natural Resource Environmental Protection Division chapter 391-3- 14-04. All asbestos removal and disposal shall be done in accordance with EPD regulations. Al l as bestos removal shall be considered as Extra Work and payment will be made in accordance wi th S ubsection 109.05. 2.Combustible Materia l A bide by Federal, State, and local codes when the Right- of-Way (or any portion of the Right- of-Way) lies w ithin an area where burning is restricted. All combustible material except sawdust piles may be burned o n the Right- of-Way except where prohibited by Federal, State, or local air pollution control regulations. a.Prevent fire from spreading to adjacent areas and damaging living trees and shrubs designated to remai n o n the Right- of-Way and easement areas. b.Prevent damage to public and private installations either within or adjacent to the Right- of-Way and prevent damage to traveling public. c.Obtain suitable areas for burning the combustible material when necessary (at the Contractor’s expense). Burning area are subject to the approval of the Engineer. d.Dispose of unburned combustible material according to Subsection 201.3.05.E.3. If the disposal area is located on private property, present written authority to the Engineer (signed by the property owner) granting the Contractor and the Department permission to use the area for the purpose intended. Reclai m the disposal area according to Section 160 except that the reclamation is at the Contractor’s expense. e.Completely remove sawdust within the construction limits. Haul the sawdust to approved disposal areas, or deposit it on the Right- of-Way in a layer less than 3 in (75 mm) deep. Immediately mix the sawdust with the underlying soil by dicing and harrowing. Leave the harrowed surface smooth. 182 182 182 182 182 182 182 182 182 182
3.Solid Waste Material a.Nonregulated Material (1)Common fill is defined as soil, rock, brick, concrete without reinforcement, concrete with reinforcement where the reinforcement has been removed flush with the surface of the concret e an d cured asphalt, provided that such material does not contain hazardous waste constituents above background levels and the material results from Department funded constructioncontracts. Such fill is not subject to the Georgia Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Act of 1990 and the Solid Waste Management Rules when used as fill material on Department fundedconstruction contracts or Department property or when used as fill material on property notowned by the Department when all requirements of this specification are fully met. Common fillmeeting this definition may be placed as follows: (a)At a permitted municipal, construction and demolition materials or inert landfill fully meetingal l req uiremen ts of the Solid Waste Rules and Act and any other applicable laws or ordinances. (b)At an off -site engineered fill location in accordance with the following requirements; •Place the material in uniform layers 3 ft. thick or less and distributed to avoid the formation of large voids or pockets. •Fill voids with finer material. •Cover the last layer of fill with at least 2 ft. of soil. •Construct the fill according to Section 208, except compact it to at least 90 percent of the maxi mum laboratory dry density. •A Georgia registered professional engineer shall document, certify and submit the following information on behalf of the Contractor to the Department; compaction rates, waste descriptio n i ncluding average particle size, and the depth of clean earthen fill lying above the engineered fill. (c)On site as compacted fill if prior written approval has been granted by the Engineer and i n acco rdance with the following requirements: •As compacted fill incorporated into embankment only. No area shall be excavated for the sole purpose of disposing of common fill. •Place the material in uniform layers 3 ft. thick or less and distributed to avoid the formation of large voids or pockets. •Fill voids with finer material. •Cover the last layer of fill with at least 2 ft. of soil. •Construct the fill according to Section 208, except compact it to at least 90 percent of the maxi mum laboratory dry density. •Records of the exact location by station and offsets, amount disposed per location in cubi c y ards, waste description including average particle size, compaction rates and depth of cl ean ear then fill lying above the composite materials shall be kept by the Engineer. (d)Materials that may be recycled or reused such as asphaltic concrete, Portland cement concrete, plastic, metal and materials that qualify under EPD regulations for sale or use may be reclaimed by the Contractor. 183 183 183 183 183 183 183 183 183 183
b.Regulated Material (1)Inert waste is defined as organic debris such as stumps, limbs and leaves, and any of th e af orementioned common fill items that do not meet the compaction requirements when placed in an excess materials pit. An inert waste landfill permit shall be obtained in accordance with GDNR/EPD Rules to properly record the disposal of inert waste when compaction requirementsare not met at an excess materials pit. If disposed of at a landfill, inert waste may only b e dis posed at a permitted municipal, construction and demolition materials or inert landfill fully meeting all requirements of the Solid Waste Rules and Act and any other applicable la ws or ordinances. (2)Construction and demolition waste is defined as construction forms, barrels, scrap metal, andother such by -products of construction not specifically listed above as either common fill or iner t w aste. Construction and or demolition waste must be disposed of at a permitted municipal, construction and demolition materials, or inert landfill fully meeting all requirements of the SolidWaste Rules and Act and any other applicable laws or ordinances. (3)Dispose of oils, solvents, fuels, untreated lead paint residue, and other solid hazardous waste through a properly licensed hazardous waste disposal facility. (4)Remove municipal solid waste discovered during construction or shown on the plans accordi ng t o Section 215. c.Solid Waste Handling and Disposal Documentation Requirements: (1)Waste disposed at a permitted municipal or construction and demolition landfill – all tipping receipts generated by the receiving landfill shall be provided to the Engineer. (2)Waste disposed at inert landfill – a copy of the lan dfill’s Permit by Rule notification, and fo r l andfills exceeding one acre, a copy of the landfill’s NPDES General Storm water Permit Notice of Intent (NOI) and any local jurisdiction Land Disturbing Activity Permit, if applicable, shall beprovided to the Engineer. (3)Any necessary documentation regarding a disposal site’s permit status must be obtained by th e C ontractor and verified by the Department before any common fill, inert waste, or other solid waste is allowed to leave the site. (4)The documentation listed herein shall be maintained on -site in the project files and at any other l ocation the Department deems necessary until a valid NPDES Notice of Termination is filed. d.Recyclable materials must be separated from all waste materials and shall be properly storedin containers. e.Excluding the above allowances, all types of waste shall be handled in full compliance withthe following: •The Georgia Solid Waste Management Rules, as amended (391-3- 4) •Georgia Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Act of 1990, as amended (O.C.G.A. 12-8- 20) •The Georgia Erosion & Sedimentation Act as amended (O.C.G.A. 12-7- 1) and any applicable Local and State requirements as well as the General Permits of the Georgia Water Quality Control Act •Any other applicable Federal, State, or Local rules o r laws 184 184 184 184 184 184 184 184 184 184
F.Removal of Drift Material from Drainage Structures Drift material is defined as organic debris, primarily large tree limbs, that are carried by a stream and accumulate at the upstream side of bridges and culverts, impeding navigation and threatening the integrity of the drainag e s tructure. If removal of drift material is required on the project, the following conditions are intended as a minim um t o protect aquatic resources during drift removal activities executed by GDOT personnel or contractors. 1.A ll Project personnel shall be advised of the potential presence of federally and state protected species. These species are protected under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, the Georgia Endangered Wildlife A ct o f 1973 and the Georgia Wildflower Preservation Act of 1973. There are civil and criminal penalties for harming, harassing, or killing these species. 2.Drift removal shall be accomplished by attaching lift cables or ropes to the drift and hoisting the materials o ut of the stream from the top of the bridge deck or road surface. Any modifications to this method or any other methods for removal shall be submitted to, and will require prior written approval from, the S tate E nvironmental Administrator within the GDOT Office of Environmental Services (Ecology_submittals@dot.ga.gov). Accumulated drift material shall not be dragged across the streambed. 3.Mechanized equipment shall not be allowed to rest upon or contact the streambed. Boats shall be allowed into the stream for the purpose of accessing accumulated drift, provided that water depth is adequate t o ensure the watercraft would not contact the streambed. 4.If vegetation clearing is required to accomplish drift removal (e.g. to provide access for boats), mechanized clearing shall not be used within 200 feet of stream banks. Vegetation clearing by hand is permissible. 5.Drift material shall be disposed of outside the project right of way and placed in either a permitted solid wastefacility or a permitted inert waste landfill. Refer to Subsection 201.3.05.E.3.b of the Standard Specification and Supplements thereto for additional information. 6.In the event any incident occurs that may cause, or has caused, harm to an aquatic species, the S tate E nvironmental Administrator shall immediately be notified by providing a description of the incident an d p hotos of the harmed aquatic species to Ecology_submittals@dot.ga.gov. All activities on or near t he s tructure shall cease, except traffic control and erosion control activities, pending consultation by the D epartment with the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Marine Fisheries Service, Georgia Department o f N atural Resources, and, if applicable, the lead federal agency. 201.3.06 Quality Acceptance General Provisions 101 through 150. 201.3.07 Contractor War ranty and Maintenance General Provisions 101 through 150.
201.4Measurement
The Department does not measure clearing and grubbing separately for payment. The area is considered the full Right -of-Way width for the length of the Project including slope and construction easement areas shown on the plans. 201.4.01 Limits General Provisions 101 through 150. 185 185 185 185 185 185 185 185 185 185
201.5Payment
Payment for this Item, completed and accepted, will be made at the lump sum price bid. The payment will be full compensation for all work specified in this Section including final cleanup as required. If the Engineer requires more than two cuttings to clear the Right- of-Way for stream bridges (according to Subsection 201.3.05.D.4.a ), the additional cuttings will be paid for as a Force Account according to Subsection 109.05. No separate payment will be made for the disposal of solid waste materials. Payment will be made under: Item No. 201 Clearing and grubbing Per lump sum Item No. 201 Removal of Drift Material Per lump sum 201.5.01 Adjustments General Provisions 101 through 150. 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186 186
202.1General Description
This work includes clearing and grubbing borrow and material pits. See Subsection 107.23. It also includes such ditch inlets, outlets, channel changes, and easement areas where clearing and grubbing are required but not shown on the plans. 202.1.01 Definitions General Provisions 101 through 150. 202.1.02 Related References A.Standard Specifications
B.Referenced Documents General Provisions 101 through 150. 202.1.03 Submittals General Provisions 101 through 150.
202.2Materials
General Provisions 101 through 150. 202.2.01 Delivery, Storage, and Handling General Provisions 101 through 150.
202.3Construction Requirements
202.3.01 Personnel General Provisions 101 through 150. 202.3.02 Equipment General Provisions 101 through 150. 202.3.03 Preparation General Provisions 101 through 150. 202.3.04 Fabrication General Provisions 101 through 150. 202.3.05 Construction Perform the work according to Section 201. 202.3.06 Quality Acceptance General Provisions 101 through 150. 187 187 187 187 187 187 187 187 187 187
202.3.07 Contractor Warranty and Maintenance General Provisions 101 through 150.
202.4Measurement
The area of completed and accepted clearing and grubbing is measured in acres (hectares). Only the area cleared and grubbed as shown on the Plans or as designated by the Engineer is measured. The Department will make no separate payment for removing grass, weeds, debris, small underbrush, other vegetation from cultivated lands, and isolated trees or stumps. Include the cost for removing these items in the price bid for other Pay Items. 202.4.01 Limits General Provisions 101 through 150.
202.5Payment
The Department will pay for Clearing and Grubbing and Clearing at the Contract Unit Price per acre (hectare), which is full compensation for all work specified. Payment will be made under: Item No. 202 Clearing and grubbing Per acre (hectare) Item No. 202 Clearing Per acre (hectare) 202.5.01 Adjustments General Provisions 101 through 150.
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