for Highway Construction Page 710 of 71 5 SECTION 720 – MISCELLANEOUS
720.01 Water for Concrete, Grout, and Mortar .
The Contractor may use water from municipal drinking water supplies for concrete, grout , or mortar . The Contractor may use water from other sources, provided it is reasonably clear without oil, contains less than 1,000 parts per million of chlorides and less than 1,000 parts per million of sulfates in accordance with ASTM C1602. If a water source other than a municipal drinking water supply is proposed, submit independent laboratory test reports verifying compliance with these chemical requirements. Submit reports that are less than 2 years old before using a nonmunici pal drinking water supply.
720.02 Elastomeric Bearings .
1.Description. Elastomeric bearings include unreinforced pads, consisting of elastomer only, and reinforced bearings with steel laminates. The Engineer will not allow st acking of individually -laminated pads. Provide bearings with the dimensions, material properties, elastomer grade, and type of laminates specified. Show the design load specified and testing requirements. Provide Grade 3 bearings with a shear modulus of 0.130 ksi, steel reinforced, and subjected to the load- testing requirements.
2.Materials. The raw elastomer consists of virgin neoprene (polychloroprene) or virgin natural rubber (polyisoprene). Provide the elastomer compound classified as being of low -temperature Grade 0, 2, 3, 4, or 5. The grades and other material properties are defined in the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications Section 14 and AASHTO M 251. A higher grade of elastomer may be substituted for a lower one.
3.Fabrication. Fabricate bearings in accordance with AASHTO M 251.
4.Testing. Subject materials for elastomeric bearings and the finished bearings to the tests described in AASHTO M 251 Section 8.9.2.
5.Installation. The Contractor may place elastomeric bearings without external load plates directly on a concrete or steel surface, provided that it is flat within a tolerance of 0.005 of the nominal dimension for steel reinforced bearings and 0.01 of the nominal dimension for others. Place bearings on surfaces that are horizontal to within 0.01 radian. Correct the lack of parallelism between the top of the bearing and the underside of the girder that exceeds 0.01 radian by grouting or as directed. Do not weld exterior plates of the bearing, unless at least 1.5 inches of the steel exists between the weld and the elastomer. Do not allow the elastomer or the bond to be subjected to temperature higher than 400°F.
720.03 PTFE Bridge Bearing Pads .
Provide PTFE pads and stainless steel mating surface where specified that meet A ASHTO Specifications for Highway Bridges. If filled PTFE sheet is used, only glass -fiber filler will be approved.
720.04 Epoxy -Resin -Base Bonding Systems for Concrete .
Meet ASTM C881 with the classification (type and grade) of the system selected as specified. The Contractor and the Contractor’s supplier, with approval, will determine the class after work conditi ons have been for Highway Construction Page 711 of 715 established. Provide materials and applications that meet applicable ACI Standards 503.1, 503.2, 503.3, or 503.4. Submit the manufacturer’s certification verifying compliance to material specifications.
720.05 Recycled G lass.
Provide recycled glass , whole bottles or crushed glass, for use in roadway fills, and crushed glass for use in granular borrow , granular subbase, or aggregate base meeting the requirements of AASHTO M 318. Certify in writing the glass is from a waste stream generated in Idaho.
720.06 Hydrat ed Lime .
Provide hydrated lime as follows:
1.QuickLime for Cold In- Place Recycled Pavement . Meet ASTM C977.
2.Hydrated Lime for Plant Mix Additive. Meet AASHTO M 303 Type I.
720.07 Recycled Asphalt Pavement (RAP).
Prepare and maintain a RAP processing and stockpiling quality control plan and make these records available to the Department.
1.RAP Categories. Provide RAP that complies with one of the following categories:
a.Category 1. The Department defines this material as being from a Department project or is traceable to another public agency sponsored project. The Engineer will accept Category 1 RAP for use provided the Contractor submits a letter stating the RAP is fro m a specific pavement , including the route and mile post . Do not add material from other sources during stockpiling and submit certification of this from the producer on a stockpile -by-stockpile basis. Category 1 RAP may consist of asphalt material removed from interstates, United States Highways, primary routes, secondary routes, airfields, or local projects.
b.Category 2. The Department defines this material as not being from Department projects or is not traceable to a Department project. Produce uniform RAP stockpiles when Category 2 material originates from different sources. The Engineer w ill accept Category 2 RAP for use as Category 1 RAP if the Contractor performs tests as specified in 720.07.3 and submits test results and materials that show the RAP meets the specifications and is verifiable by the Department. Do not us e Category 2 RAP that does not meet these requirements as Category 1 RAP. Category 2 RAP is:
1.Production Returns. Asphalt material generated from plant waste (e.g., s tart-up/shut down material).
2.Random RAP . Crushed and screened asphalt material removed from private paving projects, plant overruns, rejected loads, or combination.
2.RAP Processing. The Contractor may use processed RAP as follows:
a.Processed RAP . RAP that is processed by crushing and screening to produce a uniform gradation from coarse to a fine and a uniform binder content in the R AP before use in a recycled mix. Provide processed RAP with 100 percent passing the ⅝ inch sieve on entry into the mixing plant. for Highway Construction Page 712 of 71 5 The Contractor may recycle processed RAP in Superpave HMA at the percentages shown below:
1.Category 1 RAP is limited to 30 percent.
2.Category 2 RAP is allowed up to 10 percent when used in the top lift and is limited to 30 percent maximum when used in a lower lift. Processed RAP stockpiles may contain RAP from sources as indicated by the category and may be replenished with RAP from sources of that same category.
3.RAP Testing and Test Frequency. Perform the following tests at the specified testing frequencies for each category and provide the data to the Department as soon as test results are available:
a.Category 1. Establish an extract ion correlation. Determine the asphalt binder content and aggregate gradation in accordance with the FOP for AASHTO T 308 and AASHTO T 30 at the minimum frequency of 1 test per 500 tons for the first 2,000 tons and 1 tes t per 1,000 tons thereafter. Then perform at least 6 tests for stockpiles less than 4,000 tons. Perform chemical binder extractions in accordance with AASHTO T 319 to reclaim the binder from the RAP when blending charts are used. Determine the PG binder grading of the recycled binder as specified in 702 at the frequency of 1 test per 5,000 tons with at least 1 test per stockpile .
b.Category 2. Asphalt binder content, aggregate gradation, and binder grade testing requirements are the same as Category 1. In addition, test the aggregate recovered from the RAP by the extraction process AASHTO T 308 or AASHTO T 164 or AASHTO T 319 to determine the aggregate quality. Test RAP aggregate quality as follows:
1.AASHTO T 96 and Idaho IT 15 tested on extracted aggregate as specified at a frequency of 1 test per stockpile.
2.AASHTO T 335 and AS TM D4791 at a minimum testing frequency of 1 test per 500 tons for the first 2,000 tons and 1 test per 1,000 tons thereafter. Perform at least 6 tests per stockpiles less than 4,000 tons.
3.AASHTO T 304, AASHTO T 308, and IT 146 at a minimum testing frequency of 1 test per 5,000 tons on a blended composite sample of material obtained at 1,000 ton increments. Perform at least 5 tests per stockpile. Provide test results on a spreadsheet with the mix design submittal and update the spreadsheet if additional RAP is produced. Meet the applicable aggregate quality requirements in Table 703.05- 1 and 703 for the combination of virgin and RAP aggregate. Use the RAP as Category 2 RAP, unprocessed, if it was not tested. Asphalt Binder/Aggregate Correlation Factor. Perform at least 6 AASHTO T 164 or AASHTO T 319 chemical extraction tests and AASHTO T 30 gradation tests and 6 AASHTO T 308 burn tests and AASHTO T 30 gradation tests to establish a correlation factor for asphalt binder and aggregate gradation. Prepare 6 identical pairs of samples and test 1 sample of each pair in accordance with AASHTO T 164 or AASHTO T 319 and test the other sample in accordance with AASHTO T 308. The standard deviation of the correlation test results must be less than 0.07. If the standard deviatio n for the correlation test results exceeds 0.07, the Engineer will require additional AASHTO for Highway Construction Page 713 of 71 5 T 164 or AASHTO T 319 and AASHTO T 308 testing until the standard deviation for the correlation testing falls below 0.07. Bulk Specific Gravity of the RAP Aggregate. Test RAP material for Gsb according to Idaho IT 146 at the rate of 1 test per 500 tons for the first 2,000 tons and 1 test per 1,000 tons thereafter. Perform at least 10 tests per stoc kpile. Provide the test results on a spreadsheet with the specific gravity of aggregates and RAP submittal as specified in 405.03. A. For testing after stockpiling, submit a sample plan and test the RAP pile, either in- situ or by re- stockpiling, for approval. Meet the minimum frequency required and detail the procedure used to obtain representative samples throughout the stockpil e for testing.
4.RAP Stockpiles and Record Keeping. Place RAP stockpiles on a base with adequate drainage and construct in layers to minimize RAP segregation and ensure a workable face. Construct separate stockpiles for each source of RAP based on the category of RAP, the quality of aggregate, type and quantity of asphalt binder, and size of processed material. Identify RAP stockpiles on a map of the stockpile areas and place signs in or near each stockpile. Maintain a record system at the plant site for RAP stockpiles that includes, at a minimum, the following:
a.Stockpile identification and a sketch of stockpile areas at the plant site.
b.RAP category (project, state route, plant waste, rejected loads ).
c.Origin or dates milled and approximate number of tons in the stockpile.
d.Chemical extraction and AASHTO T 308 burn test results. Make the RAP stockpile records available at the plant site. The Engineer will reject, by visual inspection, stockpiles that are not kept clean and free of foreign materials. The Engineer will reject RAP containing contaminants (e.g., earth, brick, sand, concrete, pavement fabric, joint sealants). The Contractor may reprocess the rejected RAP stockpile to meet requirements or remove the stockpile from use.
720.08 Glass Beads Used in Pavement Markin gs.
Glass beads used in pavement markings will be tested in accordance with Federal Specification TT -B-1325. Provide glass beads meeting AASHTO M 247, Type I and as follows:
1.Glass Beads for Thermoplastic Pavement Marki ngs. Provide beads with moisture resistance coating.
2.Glass Beads for Waterborne Pavement Markings. Provide beads with moisture resistance and adherence coatings. Modify Type I gradation as follows: for Highway Construction Page 714 of 71 5 Table 720.08- 1 – Glass Bead Requirem ents Test Method Paint Type Standard Durable* Thermoplastic TT-B-1 325 Pass Pass Pass Roundness ASTM D1155/AASHTO PP 74 70% Min 80% Min 70% Min % Passing #14 ASTM D1214/AASHTO PP74 100 #16 100 #18 100 65-80 #20 90-100 95-100 #30 30-50 75-95 #40 15-35 #50 0-5 0-5 15-35 #80 0-2 #100 0-5 Refractive Index ASTM C1648, Becke Line Method or equivalent 1.50-1.55 1.50-1.55 1.50-1.55 Specific Gravity TT-B-1325 2.30-2.50 2.30-2.50 2.30-2.50 Flow AASHTO T346 Pass Pass Pass Moisture Resistance AASHTO T346 Pass Pass Pass Resistance to Acid TT-B-1325 Pass Pass Pass Resistance to Calcium Chloride TT-B-1325 Pass Pass Pass Resistance to Sodium Sulfide TT-B- 1325 Pass Pass Pass Coating Section A/ AASHTO T346(a) Pass Pass Pass * Durable = High Build, MMA, Epoxy for Highway Construction Page 715 of 71 5 (a) 15 mils of paint applied to an appropriate surface and glass beads are immediately dropped on the wet paint. The sample is allowed to dry on a flat surface. Adhesion is tested using a fine needle picking at the glass beads under a microscope. A passing result has r esistance to ejection of the beads as well as paint adhering to the bead.
720.09 Fibrillated Fiber
Fibrillated fiber must comply with ASTM C1116 Section 4.1.3, Type III, and ASTM D7508.
720.10 Detectable Warning Surfaces.
Provide detectible warning surface ( DWS) products that have been evaluated and meet testing specifications through NTPEP. Meet the geometric requirements of Standard Drawing 614- 3. Meet the requirements in Table 720. 10-1 Table 720. 10-1 – Detect able Warning Surface Crite ria DWS Property Test Method Minimum Requirement Slip Resistance - AASHTO T388 -22 Section 8 Dry Coefficient of Friction – 0.80 Wet Coefficient of Friction – 0.65 (Include field areas between truncated domes) Adhesive, Coating and Single Dome Bond Strength Testing AASHTO T388 -22 Section 13 150 psi with elapsed concrete panel cure time of less than 72 hours 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 1 - of - 16 - INDEX Abbreviations ............................................... 615 ABS ....................................... 6, 15, 473, 480, 650 Acceptance 10, 11, 14, 16, 19, 23, 26, 34, 36, 42, 43, 47, 56, 61, 62, 72, 73, 74, 82, 89, 90, 91, 113, 114, 115, 140, 141, 163, 187, 201, 202, 203, 204, 210, 216, 217, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 232, 233, 242, 257, 259, 261, 277, 278, 290, 302, 303, 304, 327, 348, 355, 369, 372, 380, 382, 424, 427, 437, 465, 466, 469, 470, 483, 523, 539, 541, 542, 543, 551 , 579, 595, 606, 607, 612, 618, 621, 622, 652, 657, 672 Acceptance and Final .............................. 114 Additive Anti-Stripping 101, 205, 209, 213, 2 35, 237, 238, 239, 622, 623 Adjustment 11, 30, 37, 45, 82, 97, 102, 103, 104, 105, 108, 110, 147, 213, 214, 222, 223, 230, 258, 270, 285, 324, 329, 349, 369, 409, 481, 503, 508, 581, 583, 586, 681, 691 Minor ........................................ 249, 309, 475 Pay ............................................... 31, 232, 233 Price 6, 7, 36, 102, 103, 105, 106, 242, 243, 255, 262, 263, 270, 278, 290, 302, 303, 328, 329, 369, 372, 373, 561 Admixtures 82, 244, 245, 246, 249, 250, 281, 301, 304, 305, 308, 309, 310, 312, 313, 370, 372, 400, 479, 626, 646, 671 Lithium Nitrate ................ 244, 304, 370, 671 Set Retarding ........... 244, 300, 304, 370, 671 Wate r Reducing ....................................... 370 Aggregate 8, 11, 16, 63, 64, 69, 70, 100, 140, 141, 142, 144, 145, 156, 157, 158, 159, 164, 168, 172, 178, 179, 183, 185, 186, 187, 188, 199, 200, 201, 203, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 215, 216, 2 17, 218, 223, 224, 225, 231, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 244, 245, 246, 247, 249, 250, 251, 259, 266, 269, 273, 274, 275, 276, 277, 278, 281, 285, 287, 290, 291, 293, 302, 304, 305, 306, 307, 309, 325, 360, 369, 370, 372, 373, 376, 378, 382, 383, 38 6, 389, 393, 395, 400, 403, 405, 406, 407, 410, 411, 412, 413, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 426, 432, 433, 476, 477, 478, 479, 482, 495, 496, 497, 526, 556, 559, 560, 566, 567, 568, 570, 607, 610, 625, 626, 627, 628, 629, 630, 631, 632, 633, 634, 635, 636, 637, 638, 639, 640, 641, 646, 647, 676, 7 11, 712, 713 Aggregate Base 145, 185, 187, 188, 495, 711 Coarse 140, 142, 158, 159, 209, 210, 227, 245, 246, 247, 256, 266, 302, 305, 368, 373, 376, 377, 393, 394, 395, 396, 411, 419, 443, 444, 476, 477, 478, 479, 482, 526, 625, 627, 628, 632, 639, 640, 64 1 Course ....................................................... 610 Fine 64, 210, 215, 247, 373, 376, 407, 625, 626, 628, 632, 639, 640, 641 Placing ...................................................... 235 Air Entrainment ........................... 283, 301, 370 Aluminum 18, 251, 311, 346, 366, 367, 418, 485, 500, 511, 649, 650, 653, 665, 666, 667, 668, 688, 689, 691, 692, 695 Extruded ................... 499, 500, 501, 669, 686 Sheet ......................... 499, 500, 505, 669, 686 Anchorage Devices ...................................... 362 Anti-Skid ............................................... 556, 638 Approaches Surfacing .................................................. 236 Urban ........................................................ 325 Asphalt 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 83, 101, 102, 103, 138, 185, 186, 189, 195, 196, 197, 199, 200, 201, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 231, 232, 233, 234, 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 2 - of - 16 - 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 251, 273, 274, 277, 278, 286, 287, 288, 290, 293, 295, 325, 380, 384, 385, 386, 388, 3 89, 411, 419, 426, 427, 428, 429, 446, 449, 497, 498, 528, 550, 560, 561, 566, 619, 620, 622, 623, 624, 631, 635, 641, 643, 649, 708, 711, 712, 713 Assemblies 253, 254, 332, 334, 341, 348, 358, 360, 364, 503, 505, 591, 592, 595, 597, 659, 660, 661, 665, 66 8 Audits ................................................ 47, 97, 113 Award 2, 10, 12, 14, 16, 21, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 51, 52, 66, 90, 95, 118, 123, 125, 126, 216, 546, 616 Backfill 17, 134, 140, 142, 143, 144, 145, 158, 164, 165, 166, 178, 179, 189, 283, 299, 367, 390, 391, 393, 395, 443, 457, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479, 481, 482, 485, 486, 487, 489, 491, 492, 497, 498, 501, 502, 505, 508, 510, 525, 559, 560, 563, 583, 584, 585 Compacting 164, 165, 166, 172, 178, 179, 391, 460, 476, 477, 478, 481, 486, 488, 491, 500, 525 Barrier 18, 311, 325, 375, 424, 449, 492, 493, 505, 529, 530, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 551, 572, 605, 612 Base 6, 7, 14, 16, 17, 32, 40, 41, 56, 61, 64, 101, 102, 103, 104, 108, 119, 123, 132, 138, 140, 142, 144, 154, 159, 183, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 191, 192, 193, 195, 219, 226, 227, 231, 235, 236, 237, 244, 247, 248, 251, 258, 267, 280, 283, 284, 285, 287, 288, 302, 334, 335, 338, 360, 372, 377, 382, 383, 386, 387, 389, 409, 417, 433, 437, 496, 498, 502, 503, 510, 511, 529, 536, 567, 585, 593, 595, 604, 608, 610, 624, 631, 636, 641, 646, 647, 657, 662, 667, 668, 688, 689, 690, 701, 703, 713 Base Course ............................ 14, 32, 41, 641 Bases 339, 393, 489, 511, 532, 583, 585, 666, 667, 668 Breakaway Device ................... 511, 689, 690 Emulsion Treated ............................ 185, 186 Open -Graded ........................................... 191 Treated ............................. 168, 251, 630, 631 Untreated 140, 158, 164, 168, 178, 179, 476, 477, 478, 479, 630 Base Breakaway Device ................................ 689 Basin .............................................. 169, 424, 483 Catch 18, 325, 474, 479, 480, 481, 483, 497, Sediment .................. 168, 169, 170, 171, 424 Bearing Bridge ....................................................... 710 Bending ........... 36, 330, 331, 339, 440, 510, 664 Bidders ................ 10, 15, 20, 21, 23, 24, 26, 125 Bidding ........................ 21, 33, 48, 105, 116, 118 Blasting 19, 68, 75, 76, 134, 139, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 253, 342, 376, 403, 410, 411, 412, 419, 421, 461, 464, 465, 466, 468, 530, 538, 539, 543 Operations 68, 139, 146, 147, 148, 14 9, 151, 152, 153, 155, 158, 464, 466 Plan Submittals ................................. 68, 146 Production ............................... 146, 153, 154 Blocks ............................ 316, 331, 489, 593, 672 Blotter 199, 202, 204, 205, 208, 235, 240, 241, 291, 295, 465, 468, 635, 636, 682 Bolts 59, 299, 314, 315, 323, 3 36, 340, 342, 343, 344, 345, 349, 350, 367, 469, 486, 492, 502, 511, 555, 657, 658, 659, 660, 661, 664, 665, 666, 667, 668, 688, 689, 690 Bond 12, 14, 15, 22, 26, 74, 114, 142, 204, 226, 254, 260, 315, 359, 361, 376, 386, 387, 407, 409, 413, 414, 419, 421, 426, 428, 430, 433, 439, 448, 450, 451, 454, 455, 467, 546, 552, 592, 647, 683, 686, 710, 715 Bonds 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 3 - of - 16 - Contract ........................ 12, 14, 18, 26, 27, 87 Borrow 15, 20, 104, 139, 141, 156, 157, 158, 171, 389, 612, 640, 641 Bridge Deck 18, 201, 206, 229, 249, 258, 267, 284, 296, 299, 312, 314, 315, 318, 319, 323, 324, 325, 328, 332, 349, 350, 351, 375, 376, 377, 378, 380, 384, 385, 386, 388, 389, 403, 408, 411, 412, 413, 414, 417, 419, 420, 421, 430, 437, 449, 454, 455, 460, 528, 551, 552, 553, 601, 611, 618, 627, 629, 645 Cambe r .......... 312, 315, 335, 339, 349, 364, 611 Cattle Guard ......................................... 201, 491 Certificate Loading ..................................................... 622 Certification 10, 40, 45, 61, 65, 66, 80, 119, 123, 130, 135, 140, 278, 281, 282, 290, 304, 334, 354, 358, 369, 370, 372, 373, 376, 382, 407, 427, 428, 432, 439, 445, 446, 454, 461, 464, 467, 479, 482, 493, 515, 540, 541, 543, 562, 589, 618, 623, 643, 648, 654, 672, 673, 675, 678, 679, 681, 700, 705, 711 Fabricator ................................................. 334 Manufacturer ............................. 61, 682, 685 Materials ............................................ 61, 407 Claim Review ............................................ 43, 46, 49 Classification 107, 128, 129, 130, 145, 242, 301, 336, 368, 448, 474, 634, 678, 686, 710 Cleanup 136, 153, 177, 276, 404, 424, 430, 465, 467, 514, 549 Clearing and Grubbing ................ 132, 161, 609 Coarse 64, 140, 142, 144, 158, 159, 173, 183, 185, 187, 209, 210, 212, 215, 227, 245, 246, 247, 256, 266, 302, 305, 368, 373, 376, 377, 393, 394, 395, 396, 411, 419, 443, 444, 476, 477, 478, 479, 482, 526, 578, 625, 627, 628, 632, 634, 639, 640, 641, 676, 711 Cofferdams and Cribs 36, 164, 166, 299, 317, Compaction 140, 143, 144, 145, 146, 158, 159, 164, 165, 1 78, 183, 184, 185, 187, 189, 191, 192, 193, 194, 206, 209, 212, 213, 219, 221, 225, 226, 227, 228, 235, 236, 238, 290, 291, 293, 294, 389, 390, 410, 412, 413, 414, 476, 514, 558, 641 Classes of .................................................. 144 Composite 11, 174, 213, 232, 233, 382, 407, 473, 507, 509, 518, 519, 650, 687, 698, 712 Compression Seal Neoprene ......................... 260, 261, 528, 643 Concrete 2, 4, 5, 32, 82, 104, 139, 140, 142, 144, 158, 159, 164, 165, 166, 178, 201, 226, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 299, 300, 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 331, 3 32, 342, 343, 349, 350, 351, 352, 353, 355, 356, 357, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 387, 389, 393, 394, 395, 400, 403, 405, 406, 4 08, 409, 410, 411, 412, 413, 414, 417, 419, 420, 421, 423, 424, 427, 430, 432, 433, 434, 435, 437, 438, 439, 440, 441, 442, 443, 445, 446, 447, 449, 450, 451, 452, 453, 454, 455, 456, 460, 473, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 482, 483, 484, 486, 487, 489, 491, 492, 493, 494, 495, 497, 500, 505, 507, 509, 510, 511, 525, 526, 528, 529, 530, 532, 533, 534, 535, 536, 543, 551, 552, 553, 585, 588, 591, 595, 597, 604, 606, 610, 625, 626, 627, 628, 629, 639, 640, 641, 642, 643, 647, 648, 649, 653, 656, 670, 671, 683, 685, 689, 697, 698, 700, 703, 710, 713, Finishing ................................................... 323 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 4 - of - 16 - Hand Placing .................................... 252, 267 Placing 251, 252, 267, 268, 299, 312, 314, 318, 321, 322, 324, 326, 331, 355, 393, 430, Concreting .................... 259, 322, 324, 355, 362 Cold Weather ........................... 259, 269, 322 Hot Weather ............................................ 323 Conditioning ......................................... 251, 267 Conduit 446, 460, 474, 509, 510, 511, 518, 583, 585, 592, 593, 597, 603 , 649, 688, 689, 697 Plastic ................................ 509, 510, 595, 697 Rigid Steel ......................... 509, 510, 595, 697 Conference ......... 52, 58, 91, 374, 408, 602, 609 Preconstruction ..................... 15, 90, 91, 169 Preoperational ........................................... 91 Conformity ...................................................... 36 Continge ncy ................................. 7, 12, 98, 177 Contract 2, 3, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 80, 81, 82, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 111, 112, 113, 114, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 132, 133, 134, 137, 138, 139, 141, 146, 147, 150, 158, 159, 161, 162, 163, 166, 167, 16 8, 170, 171, 175, 178, 181, 191, 195, 197, 198, 199, 203, 208, 213, 214, 217, 219, 220, 221, 229, 232, 233, 234, 237, 238, 240, 243, 248, 258, 262, 263, 270, 277, 284, 288, 295, 303, 304, 311, 312, 319, 320, 328, 329, 330, 333, 334, 335, 352, 355, 357, 358, 364, 367, 369, 371, 373, 379, 380, 389, 391, 394, 399, 400, 408, 409, 415, 421, 424, 428, 429, 431, 434, 435, 437, 438, 442, 444, 445, 447, 448, 449, 453, 455, 456, 458, 460, 462, 475, 476, 477, 478, 481, 482, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 490, 491, 493, 494, 495, 496, 497, 498, 503, 505, 508, 512, 515, 516, 524, 525, 527, 528, 532, 535, 536, 542, 543, 546, 552, 555, 556, 561, 566, 570, 573, 579, 583, 584, 591, 592, 595, 598, 601, 607, 612, 616, 640, 643, 644, 658, 681 Change Order 11, 12, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 38, 45, 46, 48, 71, 88, 92, 104, 114, 126, 219 Default and Termination .......................... 95 Execution ................................................... 26 Failure to Execute ..................................... 26 Intent of ..................................................... 28 Revisions 10, 29, 31, 56, 75, 94, 104, 105, 114 Subletting of .............................................. 87 Contract Revisions 31, 56, 75, 94, 104, 105, 114 Contract Time 12, 13, 20, 30, 31, 33, 66, 71, 73, 75, 78, 88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 94, 95, 147, 409 Contractor Requested ............................ 29, 75 Contractor -Provided ....................... 62, 63, 200 Control Measures ........ 150, 169, 170, 328, 423 Cooperation ............................................. 37, 40 Administrative ........................................... 37 Coordination ........................ 36, 42, 43, 75, 219 Course 16, 19, 48, 52, 78, 120, 122, 124, 127, 128, 183, 205, 218, 223, 226, 227, 231, 236, 251, 267, 275, 294, 296, 374, 377, 380, 389, 420, 421, 527, 534, 551, 607, 608 Bottom ..................................................... 593 Leveling 6, 209, 227, 228, 231, 232, 233, 234, 446, 560 Pavement ................................................. 593 Surface ........................................ 17, 189, 235 Cover Coat 200, 204, 205, 206, 207, 208, 634, 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 5 - of - 16 - Culvert 61, 170, 171, 367, 445, 446, 447, 473, 476, 486, 487, 605, 611, 612, 648 Curb and Gutter 17, 201, 206, 207, 269, 296, 322, 32 5, 351, 368, 378, 412, 417, 449, 495, 496, 497, 498, 531, 532, 534, 535, 536, 605, 609, 611, 612 Curing 82, 208, 219, 245, 247, 256, 259, 261, 266, 269, 276, 280, 287, 291, 305, 318, 319, 321, 322, 325, 326, 327, 356, 359, 370, 375, 378, 383, 385, 387, 411, 414, 419, 420, 437, 448, 450, 466, 468, 479, 521, 522, 540, 541, 542, 543, 578, 647, 674, 683, 684, 700 Curing Compound Membrane -Forming 244, 259, 304, 317, 321, 325, 326, 327, 671 Damage Responsibility for Injury ........................... 68 Definitions ...................................... 10, 146, 662 Delineator ............................................. 505, 545 Assemblies ............................................... 505 Density Requi rements .................. 144, 145, 164, 293 Deposits .................. 35, 161, 433, 455, 640, 681 Designated 11, 12, 16, 17, 18, 23, 62, 63, 64, 75, 80, 114, 116, 120, 132, 133, 134, 139, 145, 161, 167, 173, 175, 183, 188, 194, 199, 213, 214, 235, 238, 240, 242, 250, 281, 283, 284, 292, 29 7, 301, 310, 336, 337, 342, 368, 380, 434, 437, 464, 467, 470, 483, 526, 538, 552, 556, 577, 582, 589, 631, 672 Detours ............................................... 41, 42, 91 Differing Site Conditions ......................... 29, 77 Direct Tension Indicators ................... 342, 661 DTI ......................................... 7, 343, 344, 661 Disadvantaged Business Enterprise 7, 13, 15, 118, 122 DBE 7, 13, 25, 36, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 Disincentive .......................................... 232, 233 Resolution ................................................ 50, 62 Dispute Resolution .................. 43, 49, 229, 257 Test Result ................................................. 62 Dispute Review Board 7, 13, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58 Disqualification ...................... 23, 122, 127, 538 Bidders ....................................................... 23 Ditches Small ......................................................... 163 Dowel Bars ... 244, 254, 255, 330, 439, 441, 656 Drain Rock .................................... 479, 482, 483 Drainage Structures ................................. 134, 609, 611 Substructure ............................................ 299 Drains Rural Edge ................................ 482, 483, 484 Urban Edge ...................................... 482, 484 Duct ........ 330, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363, 364 Dust Abatement 41, 42, 62, 140, 156, 157, 158, Earthwork 17, 42, 132, 133, 137, 138, 157, 169, Elastomeric Bearings .......................... 365, 710 Elastomeric Sheet ....................................... 644 Electrical Conductors .. 509, 58 3, 585, 594, 698 Electr ical Conductors and Cables .................. 698 Electrical Service Pedestals ........................... 689 Embankment 17, 99, 139, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 158, 165, 169, 170, 473, 485, 492, 497, 517, 520, 607 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 6 - of - 16 - Construction ............................................ 142 Protectors ................................. 473, 485, 497 Emulsified 7, 102, 185, 186, 197, 199, 205, 237 , 239, 240, 273, 274, 277, 278, 290, 293, 295, 384, 498, 550, 619, 620, 623 Engineer .................................................... 35, 39 Chief .................................... 11, 23, 24, 46, 49 Initiated ...................................................... 29 Resident .................................. 13, 39, 48, 220 Environmental Protection ........ 5, 79, 423, 538 Epoxy 244, 255, 280, 28 1, 284, 319, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 417, 418, 419, 420, 421, 432, 440, 448, 450, 451, 452, 453, 537, 540, 643, 647, 652, 653, 656, 661, 710, 714 Epoxy- Resin -Base Bonding Systems ......... 710 Erosion and Sediment Control 35, 78, 79, 80, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 51 7 Erosion Blankets .......................... 168, 517, 522 Eros ion Control Products 8, 9, 169, 522, 523, 524, 682, 685 Hydraulically Applied ...................... 521, 524 Evidence 21, 23, 48, 54, 55, 56, 57, 73, 84, 104, 106, 109, 118, 121, 125, 126, 147, 191, 243, 303, 314, 335, 359, 363, 376, 377, 46 5, 577, 605, 644 Excavation 17, 75, 7 6, 85, 99, 104, 139, 141, 142, 146, 149, 151, 152, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158, 164, 165, 166, 170, 171, 175, 179, 189, 283, 287, 299, 329, 352, 390, 391, 393, 395, 423, 424, 457, 460, 476, 477, 478, 481, 483, 485, 486, 488, 491, 492, 498, 509, 512, 513, 525, 527, 596, 605 Structure 164, 165, 166, 172, 179, 481, 500, Extension 31, 33, 44, 64, 71, 78, 92, 93, 95, 122, 127, 347, 476, 478, 579, 595, 688 Extra Work 13, 29, 38, 40, 41, 42, 64, 76, 77, 154, 158, 166, 189, 602 Extrusions ............................................. 430, 669 Fabrication 15, 39, 59, 60, 61, 89, 243, 253, 303, 314, 327, 334, 336, 337, 338, 339, 342, 346, 358, 364, 365, 366, 369, 445, 486, 500, 502, 591, 657, 664, 665, 666, 688, 690, 701, 710 Falsework 311, 312, 314, 316, 317, 318, 319, 335, 350 Falsework and Forms .................. 311, 312, 316 Fence 82, 134, 136, 170, 171, 489, 490, 491, 515, 516, 663, 664, 675, 708 Barbed ...................................... 489, 663, 674 Barbed or Woven ............................ 663, 674 Chain Link ................................................. 489 Hardware for ................................... 489, 663 Films Direct Applied Transparent ................... 686 Fly Ash 242, 248, 281, 282, 287, 301, 308, 313, 368, 372, 374, 400, 626, 700 Fog Coat 134, 137, 203, 205, 208, 230, 240, 291, 295, 550 Force Account 12, 13, 15, 85, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 136, 158, 429, 535, 580, 612 Forest Protection .......................................... 68 Forms 10, 11, 12, 15, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 61, 106, 124, 125, 149, 249, 252, 262, 266, 267, 268, 287, 300, 304, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 319, 321, 323, 324, 327, 349, 359, 360, 361, 362, 378, 380, 384, 438, 440, 495, 542, 594, 604, 618, 670 Permanent Metal Conc rete ........... 313, 670 Foundation 50, 64, 141, 142, 156, 164, 165, 166, 178, 299, 302, 352, 390, 424, 457, 494, 501, 502, 505, 509, 511, 558, 595, 596, 597 Preparation of ......................................... 390 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 7 - of - 16 - Foundation Seal ........................................... 299 Gabion ... 168, 169, 170, 172, 390, 391, 702, 703 Gaskets .......................... 343, 473, 474, 475, 649 Rubber ...................................................... 650 Geotextile 142, 168, 171, 172, 178, 191, 390, 391, 482, 527, 552, 558, 559, 560, 561, 572, 703, 705, 706, 707, 708 Pavement Overlay ................... 559, 561, 708 Riprap/Erosion Control ... 390, 561, 706, 707 Subgrade Separation 140, 141, 142, 158, 178, 179, 191, 482, 559, 561, 572, 707, 708 Temporary Silt Fence .............................. 708 Geotextiles Drainage ........................... 446, 559, 561, 706 Granular Borrow 100, 139, 145, 156, 157, 158, 164, 165, 390, 641, 711 Granular Subbase 14, 140, 145, 158, 159, 164, 183, 184, 638, 641, 711 Grout 226, 255, 267, 268, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 287, 288, 358, 361, 362, 363, 446, 479, 482, 483, 484, 502, 646, 647, 710 Guardrail 61, 104, 139, 140, 141, 156, 157, 158, 159, 196, 201, 206, 227, 297, 325, 457, 492, 493, 505, 510, 529, 612, 662, 664, 672, 673, 675 Stee l .......................................................... 492 Steel Posts ................................................ 492 Hauling Equipment ...................... 219, 248, 266 Hierarchy of Organization .............................. 2 Hydrated Lime ...... 209, 290, 291, 622, 640, 711 Illumination 38, 509, 512, 591, 596, 598, 666, 689, 690, 693 Service Poles for .............................. 509, 674 Illumination Poles ........................................... 689 Imperative Mood ............................................. 2 Incentive 34, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 255, 263, 264 Incidental 14, 16, 40, 42, 57, 81, 85, 89, 100, 111, 132, 133, 137, 138, 143, 158, 159, 161, 166, 167, 171, 176, 179, 183, 185, 187, 195, 198, 204, 208, 234, 262, 270, 276, 280, 287, 288, 295, 319, 329, 333, 334, 351, 357, 364, 379, 391, 394, 396, 399, 415, 421, 438, 442, 444, 453, 455, 458, 460, 471, 476, 477, 478, 481, 484, 485, 486, 487, 488, 490, 491, 493, 494, 496, 498, 503, 504, 512, 516, 524, 525, 527, 532, 536, 544, 549, 550, 551, 552, 555, 570, 573, 576, 580, 592, 594, 595, 596, 614, 643, 658, 695 Inlets 296, 403, 474, 479, 480, 481, 483, 497, 611, 669 Inspection 5, 6, 15, 16, 18, 20, 40, 42, 43, 47, 58, 59, 61, 73, 74, 78, 80, 81, 82, 85, 93, 122, 127, 172, 254, 259, 314, 3 27, 334, 336, 345, 348, 352, 354, 355, 363, 373, 424, 431, 452, 455, 457, 465, 467, 471, 474, 483, 484, 514, 515, 523, 535, 540, 541, 542, 543, 569, 570, 572, 586, 591, 592, 594, 602, 672, 673, 674, 680, 681, 713 of Work ....................................................... 40 Quality Control ................................ 334, 471 Inspector Duties of ..................................................... 39 Insurance 47, 48, 69, 70, 88, 104, 107, 151, 546, Inter ceptor Ditches ..................................... 162 Irrigation Lines ..................................... 473, 583 Irrigation or Drainage ......................... 473, 648 Joint Pre-formed Expansion .................... 528, 643 Seals .......................................................... 645 Joint Filler 244, 253, 256, 268, 283, 427, 526, 528, 643 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 8 - of - 16 - joint sealer .................................................... 329 Joint Sealer ........................................... 528, 643 Hot Poured Elastomeric Type Concrete ....................................................... 528, 643 Joints 150, 201, 206, 207, 224, 226, 227, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 263, 267, 268, 269, 271, 276, 280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 300, 314, 315, 316, 317, 321, 323, 324, 325, 334, 338, 339, 342, 343, 349, 350, 362, 375, 377, 384, 403, 404, 411, 412, 421, 426, 428, 429, 430, 431, 438, 446, 449, 460, 465, 473, 474, 476, 477, 478, 479, 495, 497, 510, 528, 541, 551, 559, 560, 561, 563, 578, 584, 585, 701, 702 Junction Box 510, 511, 592, 593, 594, 595, 697, Composite ........................................ 509, 698 Concrete ........................................... 509, 697 Laboratory Central Materials 11, 217, 218, 219, 220, 247, 259, 278, 290, 327, 462, 540, 547, 623, 624, 705, 706 Landscape ............................................. 197, 578 Laws to be Observed ..................................... 66 Liability 32, 37, 57, 66, 69, 70, 72, 74, 87, 102, License 22, 24, 25, 26, 2 7, 66, 67, 83, 84, 148, 513, 678 Licensed 11, 15, 18, 82, 85, 98, 274, 311, 320, 335, 366, 390, 398, 423, 445, 456, 457, 473, 501, 508, 518, 569, 601 Licensing ................................. 24, 26, 67, 147 Licensing of Bidders .................................. 24 Licensing of Contractors ........................... 67 Limestone ............................. 281, 618, 625, 640 Limitation of Operations ...................... 91, 387 Lithium Nitrate 244, 245, 304, 306, 308, 370, Load Regulations ........................................... 40 Luminaire ...... 318, 668, 688, 689, 690, 691, 692 Mailbox ................................................. 232, 555 Maintenance During Construction ............. 41 Maintenance of Public Haul Roads ............. 41 Maintenance of Tempo rary Detours .......... 42 Manhole ............................... 479, 480, 481, 669 Covers and Rings ............................. 480, 669 Material Department -Provided .............................. 64 Protection of ............................................ 330 Rights In and Use of .................................. 63 Secondary Cementitious 244, 301, 304, 368, 370, 700 Stripping Designated Source ................. 161 Material on Hand ........................................ 114 Materials Batching ................................... 249, 267, 309 Concrete ........................... 165, 299, 320, 321 Foundation ....................................... 299, 390 Maturity Curve ............................ 261, 262, 317 Mesh 173, 489, 663, 684, 685, 697, 701, 702, Metals ................. 11, 77, 82, 351, 465, 479, 681 Methods, Equipment, and Character of Workers ...................................................... 92 Milepost ........................................ 141, 505, 711 Mix Design 9, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 222, 224, 225, 226, 227, 234, 242, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 273, 274, 277, 293, 301, 302, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 311, 318, 319, 320, 368, 369, 370, 371, 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 9 - of - 16 - 373, 374, 375, 400, 404, 407, 408, 411, 482, 551, 619, 629, 630, 634, 671, 712 Mixer 193, 248, 250, 251, 274, 275, 276, 281, 282, 290, 291, 292, 309, 310, 311, 374, 376, 377, 409, 410, 411, 419, 420, 646 Mixing 62, 104, 185, 189, 192, 193, 195, 213, 218, 235, 236, 238, 247, 248, 250, 251, 252, 259, 267, 274, 275, 276, 281, 282, 291, 292, 293, 309, 310, 311, 318, 323, 362, 363, 370, 375, 376, 377, 382, 400, 403, 404, 407, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 417, 418, 419, 433, 448, 452, 464, 520, 540, 567, 568, 578, 619, 646, 647, 700, 711 Plants ........................................................ 218 Time .......................... 248, 250, 309, 310, 377 Mixing and Delivering ......................... 250, 267 Mixing and Delivery .................................... 310 Mortar 242, 245, 246, 248, 251, 256, 266, 280, 281, 282, 284, 301, 306, 311, 315, 316, 323, 350, 358, 362, 411, 419, 433, 454, 455, 479, 482, 483, 484, 495, 627, 639, 641, 710 Mulch 86, 167, 168, 169, 174, 175, 513, 514, 515, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 577, 580, 682, 683, 684, 685 Mulch Anchoring ......... 517, 518, 521, 523, 524 National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System .......................................... 79, 85, 141 Notice of Rolling and Fabrication .............. 334 Notification 14, 2 9, 30, 31, 32, 38, 42, 43, 95, 114, 135, 136, 149, 217, 515, 540, 601, 604 Obliteration .................................. 138, 415, 421 Open -Graded ............................................... 191 Ordering, Producing, and Delivering Materials .................................................... 60 Organization of Specifications ....................... 2 Overlay Concrete ........... 372, 373, 374, 375, 378, 379 Packaging ...................... 359, 373, 418, 547, 702 Paint 132, 134, 152, 224, 314, 330, 334, 336, 339, 340, 342, 345, 349, 350, 360, 411, 419, 433, 440, 455, 461, 462, 464, 465, 466, 467, 468, 469, 470, 471, 507, 511, 514, 529, 530, 532, 534, 537, 538 , 539, 540, 541, 543, 5 44, 547, 548, 549, 582, 603, 652, 653, 654, 656, 658, 663, 697, 714, 715 Formula .................................... 543, 652, 654 Painting 327, 336, 337, 339, 342, 350, 461, 464, 466, 467, 468, 471, 538, 539, 540, 541, 542, 543, 544, 652 Structural Steel ................................ 467, 471 Partial 42, 43, 62, 74, 97, 112, 113, 114, 115, 225, 231, 236, 280, 283, 693, 700 Patented Devices, Materials, and Processes ..................................................................... 67 Pavement 14, 16, 17, 18, 40, 41, 104, 134, 137, 138, 140, 141, 142, 156, 158, 192, 193, 195, 197, 201, 203, 204, 205, 208, 209, 210, 211, 218, 219, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231, 232, 233, 245, 246, 248, 249, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262, 263, 264, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 271, 275, 276, 280, 282, 283, 284, 285, 286, 287, 288, 290, 291, 292, 293, 294, 295, 296, 305, 389, 411, 415, 419, 420, 421, 441, 442, 446, 480, 492, 528, 529, 530, 531, 532, 533, 534, 536, 547, 548, 549, 550, 559, 560, 561, 578, 593, 603, 606, 610, 614, 654, 708, 711, 713 Asphalt ..................................................... 446 Asphalt and Concrete 6, 9, 210, 219, 528, Concrete 104, 245, 248, 249, 251, 253, 255, 256, 259, 260, 262, 267, 270, 280, 281, 284, 286, 287, 288, 439, 441, 442, 528, 643 Flexible ..................................................... 475 Miscellaneous .................. 227, 230, 234, 264 Portland Cement Concrete 138, 230, 242, 258, 266, 280, 285 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 10 - of - 16 - Recycled Asphalt 9, 16 , 102, 139, 145, 157, 158, 183, 184, 209, 211, 213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 218, 223, 234, 292, 293, 711, 712, 713 Rigid .......................................................... 475 Road Mix .................................. 235, 236, 237 Urban Concrete ....................................... 270 Pavement Overlay 226, 389, 559, 560, 561, 708 Paver 194, 219, 226, 228, 248, 249, 254, 293, 294, 389, 411, 413, 561 Paving Production 216, 219, 220, 221, 223, 224, 225, Pay Items 10, 12, 20, 21, 33, 36, 41, 59, 61, 64, 72, 81, 87, 89, 99, 101, 105, 106, 132, 133, 134, 137, 138, 158, 159, 161, 166, 167, 171, 195, 198, 278, 364, 389, 434, 475, 4 84, 488, 493, 496, 502, 503, 512, 601, 604 Eliminated .................................................. 31 Payment 2, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 26, 29, 32, 34, 39, 47, 51, 57, 58, 66, 67, 72, 73, 74, 78, 81, 88, 96, 97, 99, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 109, 110, 112, 113, 114, 115, 117, 122, 126, 127, 130, 132, 133, 137, 138, 155, 157, 159, 161, 162, 163, 166, 167, 170, 175, 177, 178, 181, 183, 184, 186, 188, 189, 191, 195, 197, 199, 203, 204, 208, 218, 221, 224, 230, 231, 232, 234, 237, 238, 239, 240, 242, 254, 255, 261, 262, 263, 264, 270, 271, 278, 283, 288, 295, 297, 300 , 301, 328, 329, 333, 336, 351, 357, 364, 365, 367, 371, 379, 389, 391, 394, 395, 399, 400, 415, 421, 424, 428, 429, 431, 434, 435, 437, 438, 442, 444, 447, 448, 449, 453, 455, 456, 458, 460, 471, 475, 476, 477, 478, 481, 483, 485, 4 86, 487, 490, 491, 493, 494, 495, 497, 503, 505, 508, 512, 515, 524, 525, 526, 527, 528, 535, 544, 545, 546, 549, 550, 552, 555, 556, 561, 564, 570, 573, 576, 580, 586, 589, 592, 595, 598, 599, 601, 606, 612, 614, 616 Final ............................................................. 85 Partial ..................... 62, 74, 97, 112, 113, 114 Scope of .................................................... 102 Permanent Control Measures ................... 169 Permit 7, 67, 70, 74, 75, 79, 80, 85, 117, 141, 147, 231, 562, 569 Permits and Licenses .................................... 66 Piles 319, 328, 352, 353, 354, 355, 356, 357, 371, 393, 394, 395, 397, 443, 558, 663, 669, 670, 673, 674 H- 352, 357, 443 Piling .............................. 104, 328, 336, 355, 371 Defective .................................................. 356 Followers .................................................. 355 H-Beam ..................................................... 663 Heaved ..................................................... 356 Pile Bearing Capacity ...................... 353, 397 Predrilling ................................................. 396 Steel Shell ......................... 352, 357, 669, 670 Timber ...................... 352, 354, 355, 357, 673 Pipe 8, 15, 61, 104, 164, 168, 170, 171, 251, 311, 331, 336, 362, 363, 366, 367, 393, 395, 443, 446, 460, 473, 474, 475, 476, 477, 478, 479, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 486, 523, 525, 581, 583, 584, 585, 586, 605, 611, 648, 649, 650, 663, 664, 667, 668, 669,688, 689, 691 Apron ................................................ 476, 486 Arches ......................... 18, 340, 366, 649, 6 68 Concrete 4, 473, 474, 479, 486, 648, 649, 703 Metal Aprons ................................... 486, 669 PE .............................................................. 650 Polypropylene ................................. 473, 650 Reinforced Concrete ............................... 473 Ribbed PVC .............................................. 650 Sewer ........................ 473, 481, 585, 648, 650 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 11 - of - 16 - Structural Plate ........................................ 668 Placement 61, 142, 143, 144, 158, 164, 165, 173, 174, 175, 185, 1 95, 197, 207, 213, 217, 226, 227, 228, 243, 249, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255, 257, 261, 262, 263, 266, 267, 276, 278, 287, 296, 300, 302, 303, 306, 308, 312, 313, 314, 315, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 325, 326, 329, 362, 368, 371, 374, 375, 376, 37 7, 378, 383, 389, 393, 395, 400, 403, 404, 408, 409, 410, 411, 412, 414, 417, 423, 424, 427, 433, 438, 440, 443, 448, 451, 455, 518, 519, 520, 521, 558, 559, 560, 561, 563, 577, 592, 607, 608, 610, 612, 614, 643, 705 Placing and Fastening ................................. 331 Placing and F inishing ................... 252, 287, 377 Plant Inspection ............................................. 61 Planting 86, 138, 513, 514, 515, 516, 577, 584, Plants 15, 61, 64, 85, 86, 100, 174, 211, 291, 358, 513, 514, 515, 516, 523, 577, 679, 680, 681, 683 Pole Keys ............................................... 509, 674 Poles 505, 509, 510, 511, 545, 595, 596, 597, 664, 665, 666, 667, 668, 673, 674, 687, 688, 689 Flexible Snow ................................... 545, 687 Illumination .............................. 509, 666, 689 Signal ................................................. 594, 688 Pollution Prevention Plan 9, 78, 79, 81, 141, 168, 170 Polytetrafluoroethylene ......... 9, 254, 365, 710 Polyvinyl Chloride 9, 15, 446, 460, 473, 476, 482, 572, 581, 650, 697, 698, 702 Portland Cement 82, 138, 192, 193, 195, 224, 230, 242, 244, 245, 258, 266, 280, 281, 285, 290, 291, 301, 304, 305, 306, 315, 368, 370, 372, 389, 400, 495, 497, 507, 618, 646, 647, 700 Post 25, 80, 137, 147, 148, 149, 150, 155, 156, 158, 302, 317, 320, 338, 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 368, 483, 489, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 507, 508, 532, 545, 555, 662, 663, 672, 673, 674, 675, 693 Posts Marker ...................................................... 508 Rigid .......................................... 505, 545, 664 Witness ............................................. 507, 508 Wood Sign ........................................ 500, 672 Power Service Poles for ...................................... 673 Precedence .................................................... 36 Preparation .......................... 375, 403, 408, 420 Preparation and Stressing .......................... 361 Preser vation, Protection, and Restoration of Property and Landscape .......................... 68 Preservative Treatment ............................. 674 Prime Coat 195, 199, 205, 208, 235, 404, 405, 407, 408, 412, 54 0, 541 Process Old Road ................................. 141, 158 Project Schedule 12, 13, 32, 38, 44, 45, 88, 89, 91, 92, 93, 320 Property 42, 62, 68, 70, 72, 152, 153, 156, 174, 196, 200, 400, 405, 406, 407, 413, 417, 418, 450, 451, 467, 507, 562, 620, 621, 622, 676, 706, 707, 708, 715 Adjacent ....................... 42, 92, 197, 201, 206 Damage ............ 57, 68, 69, 70, 104, 107, 148 Material .................................................... 145 Owner ..................... 42, 62, 68, 132, 141, 156 Physical ............. 290, 380, 382, 383, 387, 644 Real ....................................................... 60, 66 Requirements .......... 290, 562, 706, 707, 708 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 12 - of - 16 - Proportioning 193, 246, 266, 274, 306, 370, 371, 375, 415 Proposal Delivery of .................................................. 22 Preparation of ............................................ 21 Protesting ................................................... 23 Public Opening of ...................................... 23 Proposals Conditional ................................................. 22 Consideration of ........................................ 25 Contents of ................................................. 20 Irregular 23, 25, 119, 123, 152, 153, 227, 249, 252, 267, 268, 324, 375, 469, 606 QPL Product s9, 59, 65, 213, 454, 482, 519, 521, 522, 652, 654, 682, 683, 684, 685 Non -QPL Products ..................................... 65 Quality Requirements 59, 61, 183, 185, 200, 347, 637, 712 Quantities 10, 11, 16, 20, 21, 29, 30, 33, 42, 59, 60, 61, 72, 93, 98, 99, 101, 102, 103, 104, 107, 113, 114, 132, 133, 135, 137, 138, 141, 155, 156, 157, 159, 161, 162, 163, 166, 167, 175, 177, 178, 181, 184, 186, 188, 189, 191, 195, 197, 199, 208, 221, 227, 234, 236, 237, 238, 240, 250, 259, 260, 262, 278, 288, 292, 295, 297, 303, 310, 322, 327, 328, 329, 330, 333, 334, 351, 357, 364, 365, 367, 369, 371, 379, 385, 389, 391, 394, 399, 400, 404, 415, 421, 424, 428, 429, 431, 434, 435, 437, 438, 442, 444, 447, 448, 449, 453, 455, 456, 458, 460, 475, 476, 477, 478, 481, 483, 485, 486, 487, 490, 491, 493, 494, 495, 497, 503, 505, 508, 512, 515, 524, 525, 526, 527, 535, 545, 546, 548, 552, 555, 556, 561, 564, 573, 580, 595, 598, 601, 604, 605, 612, 646, 652 Measurement of ............................... 98, 166 Plan ................... 101, 166, 231, 329, 333, 351 Variation ........................................... 104, 105 Quantity 14, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21, 30, 31, 33, 35, 60, 61, 63, 64, 98, 99, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 107, 113, 132, 136, 139, 149, 150, 157, 165, 166, 170, 175, 178, 184, 186, 193, 195, 203, 206, 208, 218, 219, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 243, 248, 250, 262, 270, 287, 291, 292, 293, 295, 309, 310, 315, 328, 329, 330, 351, 359, 373, 376, 377, 379, 408, 409, 415, 418, 420, 523, 552, 563, 589, 601, 602, 604, 607, 615, 655, 713 Reconditioning ..................................... 189, 579 Records ........................................................... 73 Recycled Glass ..................................... 139, 711 Reinforcement 10, 300, 313, 318, 319, 323, 324, 330, 331, 332, 333, 356, 357, 358, 424, 439, 440, 442, 445, 446, 455, 487, 507, 648, 656, 682, 693 Metal 318, 330, 331, 333, 446, 454, 487, 491, 492, 500, 656 Reinforcing Stee l 5, 36, 244, 268, 317, 318, 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 333, 358, 364, 371, 446, 448, 455, 487, 494, 497, 498, 502, 551, 552, 656 Removal Class B ....................................................... 552 Selective ................................................... 133 Removal and Replacement .. 36, 280, 323, 469 Removal of 62, 75, 76, 92, 109, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 154, 158, 161, 164, 169, 172, 283, 286, 314, 316, 317, 321, 341, 378, 424, 434, 435, 449, 454, 455, 461, 466, 46 8, 471, 490, 532, 536, 551, 572, 573, 575, 657, 665, 668 Repair of Soft Spot ...................... 141, 157, 158 Repairs 71, 72, 118, 155, 156, 202, 203, 243, 253, 254, 281, 303, 334, 380, 384, 389, 439, 469, 541, 542, 559, 585 Resolution .................................... 43, 48, 49, 50 Resource, Cultural ....................... 13, 73, 77, 78 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 13 - of - 16 - Retarding Set ............................. 244, 300, 304, 370, 671 Ribbed ............................................. 15, 473, 650 Right -of-Way ................................................ 592 Riprap 18, 168, 390, 423, 424, 527, 559, 560, 561, 676, 677, 678, 706, 707 Riprap/Erosion Control 390, 527, 559, 561, 706, Road Mix 168, 193, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 630, 631 Roadbed Preparation of .................................. 193, 235 Roadside Cleanup ........................................ 177 Roller Pneumatic -Tire ................................ 236, 238 Vibratory ........................................... 143, 194 Rolling 9, 16, 17, 143, 145, 172, 184, 189, 194, 195, 206, 207, 211, 226, 227, 228, 235, 236, 238, 290, 293, 294, 619, 657, 661 Samples, Tests, and Cited Specifications ... 61 Sampling and Testing 10, 14, 19, 61, 63, 359, 372, 482, 623, 639, 643 Sand 11, 63, 135, 139, 173, 205, 210, 247, 248, 261, 274, 315, 323, 377, 378, 389, 403, 407, 410, 413, 433, 439, 482, 494, 495, 501, 510, 563, 567, 578, 583, 627, 629, 630, 631, 632, 639, 640, 646, 647, 667, 713 Choke ................................ 205, 207, 635, 636 Sanitary, Health, and S afety Provisions ...... 73 Scope 11, 13, 28, 31, 33, 48, 49, 55, 88, 102, 110, 335, 404 Scrub Coat ............................................ 238, 239 Seal Coat 11, 12, 14, 104, 200, 202, 203, 204, 205, 208, 227, 240, 296, 547, 551 Seams 16, 362, 468, 541, 558, 559, 561, 649, 661, 676, 705, 706 Seed 4, 9, 19, 85, 167, 169, 174, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 577, 578, 579, 588, 589, 678, 679, 682, 683, 685 Seeding 86, 138, 168, 169, 171, 174, 175, 513, 517, 518, 519, 520, 521, 522, 523, 524, 577, 578, 589, 678 Segregation 64, 248, 251, 252, 267, 2 75, 294, 295, 302, 306, 308, 311, 318, 319, 713 Sewer 135, 473, 474, 479, 480, 481, 483, 585, 616, 648, 650 Shipment and Rust Protection .................. 359 Shipment and Storage ........................ 558, 563 Shop Drawings 36, 332, 335, 337, 338, 346, 358, 364, 366, 430, 445, 446, 457, 502, 572, 643, 657, 688, 690, 697 Shop Plans .................... 335, 337, 339, 346, 447 Shrink ............ 226, 250, 281, 310, 319, 446, 647 Shrinkage ...... 247, 253, 283, 339, 360, 454, 647 Sidewalk . 201, 206, 314, 368, 495, 496, 511, 534 Sign 8, 26, 48, 49, 61, 79, 80, 85, 88, 134, 137, 196, 318, 3 22, 325, 335, 368, 499, 500, 501, 502, 503, 504, 505, 509, 510, 530, 531, 532, 534, 535, 536, 596, 605, 615, 665, 666, 672, 675, 686, 690, 691, 695 Steel and Aluminum ....................... 500, 665 Wood ........................ 499, 500, 501, 504, 672 Signal 9, 10, 38, 318, 325, 397, 530, 533, 534, 536, 591, 592, 593, 594, 595, 596, 597, 598, 599, 688, 689, 692, 693, 694, 695, 696, 697, Signal Head Covers ...................................... 693 Signal Heads ......................................... 592, 693 Signal Installatio n ........................ 591, 595, 597 Significant Changes in the Character of the Work ........................................................... 30 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 14 - of - 16 - Signs Hardware for .................................... 500, 666 Signs and Sign Supports ...................... 529, 597 Silica Fume 301, 308, 372, 374, 375, 377, 378, Silicone Sealant .................................... 528, 643 Silk Screen Opaque Inks .............. 500, 505, 686 Silk Screen Transparent Inks ...... 500, 505, 686 Siphons ............................................ 72, 473, 477 Site of Work .................................................... 15 Slag ........................................ 242, 301, 308, 618 Ground Granulated Blast Furnace 368, 700 Slope Finishing ............................................. 141 Slope Paving ......................................... 325, 526 Soft Ground .................................................. 558 Source ................................. 63, 64, 67, 167, 219 Depletion of ............................................... 64 Material .................... 21, 59, 62, 74, 161, 169 Material Quality ...................................... 640 Production of Material In ......................... 63 Property ...................................................... 62 Reclamation ............................................. 167 Source of Supply ............................................ 59 Splice 300, 330, 332, 333, 347, 349, 350, 354, 356, 357, 455, 489, 501, 511, 593, 594, 657, Splicing .................................. 332, 354, 455, 594 Spreading and Finishing .............................. 225 Spreading, Compacting, and Finishing ..... 238 Steel Castings ............................... 337, 339, 662 Steel Forgings ....................................... 351, 662 Steel Reinforced Ribbed ........... 9, 15, 473, 650 Stockpile 60, 64, 74, 114, 140, 174, 175, 183, 184, 188, 205, 215, 217, 234, 236, 237, 248, 250, 275, 278, 281, 286, 297, 310, 556, 610, 630, 631, 711, 712, 713 Storage 57, 61, 62, 76, 86, 97, 111, 113, 146, 148, 171, 209, 213, 260, 274, 286, 287, 291, 292, 336, 343, 347, 355, 359, 373, 376, 385, 404, 408, 440, 461, 464, 470, 471, 501, 502, 503, 539, 542, 563, 575, 577, 620, 621, 622, 623, 700 Storage and Handling of Material ............... 61 Street Markers ............................................. 669 Street Monuments 83, 84, 201, 204, 208, 268, 275, 296, 507, 508 Stres ses and Losses ..................................... 360 Structural Metal .................. 334, 336, 491, 500 Structural Plate .................................... 367, 668 Structural Steel 134, 329, 334, 336, 337, 342, 346, 351, 376, 430, 461, 537, 539, 540, 652, 657, 663, 665, 666 Structural Steel and Related Materials .... 657 Structural Timber and Lumber .................. 672 Structures 13, 18, 19, 32, 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 67, 72, 75, 76, 77, 99, 134, 138, 147, 150, 151 , 152, 153, 164, 165, 166, 170, 178, 181, 196, 224, 297, 299, 312, 316, 323, 325, 330, 334, 335, 342, 350, 362, 366, 381, 423, 460, 462, 467, 480, 487, 499, 500, 501, 503, 514, 526, 539, 540, 559, 583, 585, 594, 596, 611, 652, 661, 665, 666, 668, 674, 688 Bearing and Anchorage .......................... 299 Erection Plans .................................... 36, 335 Minor ................................................ 322, 487 Stud Connectors .................................. 661, 662 Subgrade Separation 140, 141, 142, 158, 178, 179, 191, 482, 559, 560, 561, 572, 707, 708 Submittal 21, 32, 33, 36, 44, 45, 46, 53, 54, 79, 80, 85, 124, 130, 146, 147, 148, 212, 215, 216, 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 15 - of - 16 - 217, 244, 248, 304, 335, 347, 366, 370, 409, 410, 411, 572, 601, 712, 713 Superpave 9, 140, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213, 215, 216, 218, 219, 224, 227, 228, 231, 232, 233, 234, 282, 497, 566, 568, 570, 631, 632, 641, 712 Supports 11, 216, 25 3, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, 331, 333, 334, 365, 440, 442, 456, 471, 490, 502, 542, 555, 665, 667, 668, 688, 690 Surface preparation 275, 276, 384, 385, 403, 409, 410, 411, 415, 419, 421, 427, 437, 455, 461, 462, 464, 465, 466, 467, 469, 539, 542, 551, 560, 612 Surface Smoothness 228, 229, 230, 236, 257, 260, 325, 375, 413, 480 Surface Treatment ............... 205, 207, 208, 273 Survey 5, 9, 11, 13, 18, 39, 68, 82, 83, 84, 85, 98, 149, 150, 152, 156, 170, 181, 380, 403, 457, 601, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, 607, 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 615, 616 Grades 35, 39, 141, 142, 192, 194, 214, 286, 292, 296, 311, 316, 390, 400, 446, 483, 511, 578, 603, 605, 607, 610, 611, 612, 615, 619, 657, 672, 710 Lines 28, 35, 39, 40, 99, 141, 142, 165, 166, 192, 201, 207, 226, 230, 258, 268, 316, 350, 377, 390, 400, 412, 446, 456, 468, 475, 479, 508, 509, 528, 532, 541, 572, 582, 584, 601, 603, 611, 615, 616 Stakes 16, 17, 39, 132, 572, 602, 60 3, 605, 607, 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 684, 685 Suspension of Work .............................. 35, 409 System Types ............................................... 380 Tack Coat 197, 223, 224, 232, 235, 238, 286, 288, 380, 384, 386, 388, 498 Taxes Increases or Decreases ........................... 111 Temperature Limitations .... 218, 251, 267, 291 Temperature Viscosity Curve .................... 623 Temporary Erosion and Sediment Control Measures ................................... 80, 169, 171 Temporary Traffic Control De vices 529, 531, 532, 536, 686 Termination for Convenience of the Department ............................................... 96 Test Facilities ................................................. 62 Test Strip Accept ance Test Strip 210, 216, 217, 219, 220, 221, 222, 224, 226, 227, 229, 230, 232, Testing 4, 5, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19, 39, 61, 62, 63, 65, 77, 81, 136, 145, 163, 174, 178, 183, 184, 185, 187, 192, 205, 210, 211, 213, 216, 217, 218, 219, 222, 226, 227, 2 28, 243, 245, 246, 248, 257, 259, 261, 262, 278, 281, 285, 290, 291, 302, 303, 305, 308, 317, 321, 324, 327, 333, 334, 339, 343, 347, 348, 354, 355, 364, 365, 376, 380, 381, 382, 386, 387, 397, 398, 399, 403, 407, 408, 410, 413, 428, 431, 439, 448, 457, 461, 462, 465, 470, 471, 474, 475, 480, 509, 512, 519, 522, 540, 541, 542, 543, 547, 548, 562, 566, 568, 569, 583, 584, 588, 591, 592, 594, 619 , 623, 624, 625, 626, 627, 630, 632, 640, 643, 649, 654, 657, 658, 659, 660, 662, 671, 674, 676, 679, 682, 685, 688, 690, 693, 702, 703, 705, 706, 710, 712, 713, 715 Tie Bars 244, 253, 268, 269, 281, 283, 287, 330, Time Delays ......................................................... 19 Extension of ............................................... 92 Failure to Complete on ............................ 95 Tolerance 153, 154, 211, 220, 221, 228, 230, 254, 255, 269, 292, 293, 294, 376, 452, 547, 558, 606, 607, 630, 669, 672, 686, 702, 710 2023 S tandard Specifications for High way Construction - 16 - of - 16 - Topsoil 19, 104, 142, 158, 161, 167, 169, 173, 174, 175, 513, 514, 515, 517, 518, 519, 578, 580, 583 Trade Names and Alternatives .................... 64 Traffic Control Devices 8, 41, 42, 67, 91, 529, 531, 532, 694, 697 Traffic Control M aintenance 531, 532, 534, 535, 536 Transportation and Storage ....... 134, 148, 363 Tubing ........................................... 482, 650, 651 Tubular Markers .......... 529, 532, 533, 534, 536 Unacceptable and Unauthorized Work ...... 40 Underdrains 18, 164, 473, 482, 483, 484, 559, Underground Drainage ....................... 316, 559 Use of Explosives ........................... 67, 147, 156 Utility Facilities ................................... 37, 38, 72 Voice Active ............................................................ 2 Waiver of Legal Rights .................................. 72 Water for Concrete, Grout, and Mor tar .. 710 Water Reducing ........................................... 370 Watercourse .......................................... 16, 572 Wate ring 86, 189, 513, 514, 515, 517, 523, 524, Waterproof System ............................. 380, 389 Weather Limitations ........... 192, 218, 275, 560 Wire 6, 10, 59, 171, 193, 261, 262, 286, 314, 315, 317, 331, 332, 333, 358, 361, 378, 390, 446, 467, 489, 490, 511, 528, 543, 567, 569, 583, 585, 592, 593, 594, 595, 603, 656, 663, 664, 666, 667, 668, 680, 692, 697, 698, 699, 701, 702, 703, 708 Withdrawal or Revision of a Proposal ........ 23 Woven ................... 489, 663, 684, 685, 706, 707 Woven Wire ......................................... 489, 663
Source: Idaho Standard Specifications for Highway Construction, 2023 Edition. Pages 746–768 of 768.