101.01GENERAL. These Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction
are written to the bidder, before the award of the Contract, and to the Contractor after award. The sentences which direct the Contractor to perform work are written in active voice-imperative mood. These directions to the Contractor are written as commands. For example, a requirement to provide cold weather protection would be expressed as, “Provide cold-weather protection for concrete,” rather than “The Contractor shall provide cold weather protection for concrete.” In the imperative mood, the subject “the bidder” or “the Contractor” is understood. All other requirements to be performed by others have been written in active voice. Sentences written in active voice identify the party responsible for performing the action. For example, “The Engineer will determine the density of the compacted material.” Certain requirements of the Contractor may also be wr itten in active voice, rather than active voice- imperative mood. Sentences that define terms, describe a product or desired result, or describe a condition that may exist are not written in either active voice or imperative mood. These types of sentences that describe a condition use verbs requiring no action. For example, “The characteristics of the soils actually encountered in the subgrade may affect the quality of cement and depth of treatment necessary.”
101.02ABBREVIATIONS. The following abbreviations, when used in the Contract,
represent the full text shown. AAN American Association of Nurserymen AAR Association of American Railroads AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ADA American with Disabilities Act ADT Average Daily Traffic ACHP Advisory Council on Historic Preservation ACPA American Concrete Pavement Association ACI American Concrete Institute AGC Associated General Contractors of America AI Asphalt Institute AIA American Institute of Architects AISC American Institute of Steel Construction AISI American Iron and Steel Institute AN Advance Notification ANSI American National Standards Institute APD Appalachian Development Highway System Program APWA American Public Works Program AQ Air Quality AQR Air Quality Report ARTIMIS Advanced Regional Traffic Interactive Management and Information System ARA American Railway Association AREA American Railway Engineering Association AREMA American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association ASA American Standards Association (now ANSI) ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASLA American Society of Landscape Architects AST Above Ground Storage Tank System ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ATSSA American Traffic Safety Services Association AVL Automatic Vehicle Location
AWPA American Wood Preservers’ Association AWWA American Water Works Association AWS American Welding Society BA Biological Assessment BDR Bridge Development Report BHR Bridge Hydraulics Report BMP Best Management Practices BTEX Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylene BTS Bureau of Transportation Statistics CAAA Clean Air Act Amendment (1990) CAD Certified Agricultural District CADD Computer Aided Drawing and Design CAP Communicating All Promises CBD Central Business District CDE Chief District Engineer CE Categorical Exclusion CEQ Council on Environmental Quality CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act CFR Code of Federal Regulations CIO Chief Information Officer CMAQ Congestion Management and Air Quality Improvement Program CMS Changeable Message Sign CO Carbon Monoxide COA Class of Action COE US Army Corps of Engineers CORS Continuously Operating Reference Stations CR County Road CRA Cultural Resource Assessment CSRP Conceptual Stage Relocation Plan CRSI Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute CTP Comprehensive Transportation Plan CVO Commercial Vehicle Operations DAQ KNREPC, Division for Air Quality dBA Decibels (A-Weighting) DBE Disadvantaged Business Enterprise DEA Division of Environmental Analysis DEIS Draft Environmental Impact Statement DEP Department for Environmental Protection DFWR Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources DHV Design Hourly Volume DOE Determination of Eligibility DOI US Department of The Interior DOW KNREPC, Division of Water DROD Draft Record of Decision DSEIS Draft Supplementation Environmental Impact Statement DSHE Deputy State Highway Engineer DWM KNREPC, Division of Waste Management EA Environmental Assessment EIS Environmental Impact Statement EO Executive Order EPA US Environmental Protection Agency ER Federal-Aid Highway Emergency Relief Program ESA Endangered Species Act ESBA Endangered Species Biological Assessment ESAL Equivalent Single Axle Load FAPG Federal Aid Policy Guide
FHPM Federal Highway Program Manual FHWA Federal Highway Administration FIA Federal Insurance Administration FIRM Flood Insurance Rate Maps FLH Federal Lands Highways Program FOIA Freedom of Information Act FONSI Finding of No Significant Impact FPPA Farmland Protection Policy Act FR Federal Register FRA Federal Railroad Administration FSEIS Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement FSS Federal Specifications and Standards, General Services Administration FTA Federal Transit Administration FWS US Fish and Wildlife Service FY Fiscal Year GIS Geographic Information System GMS Groundwater Management Systems HABS Historic American Buildings Survey HAER Historic American Engineering Record HAR Highway Advisory Radio HC Hydrocarbons HES Hazard Elimination System HOV High Occupancy Vehicle HTF Highway Trust Fund HUD Housing and Urban Development HZM Hazardous Material IA Independent Assurance ICAR Intergovernmental Coordination and Review IJR Interchange Justification Report IM Interstate System/Interstate Maintenance Program ITS Intelligent Transportation System JPC Jointed Plain Concrete KAHC Kentucky Association of Highway Contractors KAR Kentucky Administrative Regulations KCA Kentucky Concrete Association KCPA Kentucky Concrete Pavement Association KEPSC-RI Kentucky Erosion Prevention and Sediment Control-Roadway Inspectors KM Kentucky Method KNREPC Kentucky Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Cabinet KRS Kentucky Revised Statutes KTC Kentucky Transportation Center KYTC Kentucky Transportation Cabinet Leq (h) Level Equivalent for One Hour LESA Land Evaluation and Site Assessment LOS Level of Service LTAP Local Technical Assistance Program LRP Long Range Plan MAGLEV Magnetic Levitation Transportation Technology Deployment Program MASH Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware MCL Materials Central Laboratory MOA Memorandum of Agreement MOU Memorandum of Understanding
MPO Metropolitan Planning Organization MSA Metropolitan Statistical Area MUTCD Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices for Streets and Highways MVE Motor Vehicle Enforcement NAAQS National Ambient Air Quality Standards NAC Noise Abatement Criterion NAD83 North American Datum of 1983 NAPA National Asphalt Pavement Association NAVD88 North American Vertical Datum of 1988 NCAT National Center for Asphalt Technology NCHRP National Cooperative Highway Research Program NCR Non-Conformance Report NDR National Driver Registration NEC National Electric Code NEMA National Electrical Manufacturer’s Association NEPA National Environmental Policy Act NFIP National Flood Insurance Program NGVD29 National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 NHI National Highway Institute NHPA National Historic Preservation Act NHS National Highway System NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NIST National Institute for Standards and Technology NMA Non-Major Action NMFS National Marine Fisheries Service NOAA National Oceanic Atmospheric Administration NOV Notice of Violation NOx Nitrogen Oxides NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System NPHQ National Partnership for Highway Quality formerly National Quality Initiative (NQI) NPS National Park System NRCS National Resources Conservation Service formerly SCS NRHP National Register of Historic Places NRMCA National Ready Mix Concrete Association NSR Noise Study Report NTI National Transit Institute NTIS National Technical Information Service NTPEP National Transportation Product Evaluation Program NWIM National Wetland Inventory Map OEP FHWA Office of Environmental Policy OGC Office of General Counsel, Transportation Cabinet OMS Operations Management System OPA Office of Public Affairs, Transportation Cabinet OSA Office of State Archeologist OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration PAH Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAIKY Plantmix Asphalt Industry of Kentucky PCCC Percentage Catalyst Cold-Start PCCN Percentage Catalyst Hot-Start PE Preliminary Engineering PE Professional Engineer PM10 Inhalable Particulates PMS Pavement Management System PMS Pavement Marking System ppm Parts per Million
QA Quality Acceptance QAT Quality Acceptance Team QC Quality Control QCP Quality Control Plan QL Qualified Laboratories RCRA Resource Conservation Recovery Act ROD Record of Division RS Rural Secondary RVP Reid Vapor Pressure RWIS Road Weather Information Station SAE Society of Automotive Engineers SASHTO Southern Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials SCH State Clearinghouse SCS Soil Conservation Service SHA State Highway Agency SHE State Highway Engineer SHRP Strategic Highway Research Program SHPO State Historic Preservation Officer SIC Standard Industrial Codes SIP State Implementation Plan SOx Sulfur Oxides SP State Primary (State Maintained) SPIB Southern Pine Inspection Bureau SR State Road SS State Secondary (State Maintained) SSPC Steel Structures Painting Council STOC Statewide Transportation Operations Center STP Surface Transportation Program STIP State Transportation Improvement Program SUPP Supplemental Road (State Maintained) SYP Six Year Plan TCM Transportation Control Measures TCP Traffic Control Plan TDIP Technology Deployment Initiatives and Partnerships Program TE Transportation Enhancement Program TEBM Transportation Engineer Branch Manager TIP Transportation Improvement Program TMA Transportation Management Area TMC Transportation Management Center TRAC Transportation and Civil Engineering Program TRIMARC Traffic Response and Incident Management Assisting the River Cities TRB Transportation Research Board TSD Treatment, Storage, and Disposal TSM Transportation Systems Management TSO Time Sharing Option TSP Total Suspended Particulates UA Urbanized Area UATS Urban Area Transportation Study UL Underwriters’ Laboratory UNL Unscheduled Needs List UPWP Unverified Planning Work Program USC United States Code USCG US Coast Guard USDA US Department of Agriculture USDOT US Department of Transportation
USGS US Geological Survey USNL Unscheduled Needs List UST Underground Storage Tank VECP Value Engineering Change Proposal VPH Vehicles Per Hour VMS Variable Message Sign WBE Woman-owned Business Enterprise WCLIB West Coast Lumber Inspection Bureau WER Wetland Evaluation Report WGS84 World Geodetic System of 1984 WMA Warm Mix Asphalt WMP Wetland Mitigation Plan
101.03DEFINITIONS. The following terms, when used in the Contract have the
meaning described. Advertisement A public announcement, inviting Bid Proposals to perform work or furnish materials.
Authorized Adjustment A written order issued by the Engineer to the Contractor detailing changes to the specified work quantities that do not increase or modif y the sco pe of the ori ginal Contract.
As Built Plans The final Plans reflectin g all chan ges to the ori ginal Plans.
Award The acceptance b y the Department of a Bid Proposal.
Base Course See definition for Pavement Structure.
Best Mana gement Practice Plan The documentation detailing how the Contractor intends to conform to the re quirements of Section 213 of the StandardS pecifications.
Bidder An individual, partnership, firm, corporation, or any acceptable combination thereof, or joint venture, submittin g a Bid Pro posal.
Bid Proposal The offer of a bidder, on the prescribed form, to perform the work and to furnish the labor and materials at the prices quoted.
Brid ge A structure, including supports, erected over a depression or an obstruction, such as water, a highway, or a railway, and carrying traffic or other moving loads via a track or passageway and with an opening measured along the center of the roadway of more than 20 feet between undercopings of abutments, spring lines of arches, or extreme ends of openin gs for multiple boxes. Bridge Length - The dimension of a structure measured along the center of the roadway between backs of abutment headwalls or between ends of the brid ge floor. Bridge Roadway Width - The clear width of a structure measured at right angles to the center of the roadway between the bottom of curbs or, when curbs are not used, between the inner faces of a parapet or railin g.
Cabinet The Kentuck y Transportation Cabinet.
Calendar Da y Any day shown on the calendar, be ginnin g and endin g at midni ght.
Chan ge Order A written order issued by the Engineer to the Contractor detailing significant changes to the specified work quantities or that increase or modify the scope of the original Contract. Upon execution by the Contractor and Commissioner, the Change Order becomes a Supplemental Agreement. A Change Order may also necessitate the Engineer to prepare and submit a Construction Revision, i.e. where changes involve adjustments to right of way, typical sections or pavement structures, major components, etc. A Change Order may additionally require the Cabinet to execute an Official Order when project limits are adjusted or when major project scope changes are needed.
Channel A natural or artificial watercourse.
Codes Code numbers listed with pay items are bid item code numbers used in pro ject Bid Proposals.
Commercial Quality or Grade Materials readily available from commercial sources. These materials require no samplin g or testin g.
Commissioner Chief Executive Officer of the Department of Highways or a duly authorized representative. When this title is not formally assigned, the Secretar y of the Trans portation Cabinet assumes this role.
Commonwealth The Commonwealth of Kentucky.
Construction Revision Any change in the Plans authorized by the Department.
Contract The written agreement between the Department and the Contractor setting forth the obligations of the each party for the performance of the prescribed work. The Contract includes the Bid Proposal, Contract Form, Contract Payment Bond, Contract Performance Bond, Standard Specifications, Supplemental Specifications, Standard Drawings, Plans, Special Provisions, Special Notes, Questions and Answers from the Division of Construction Procurement Website, DBE Utilization Plan when applicable, Notice of Award, Notice to Begin Work, all change orders, and all Su pplemental A greements, all of which constitute one instrument.
Contract Form A document describing the work and the specifications to which the work shall be performed, which, when signed by an agent of both the Department and the Contractor, binds both parties to the terms described therein.
Contract Pa yment Bond The form of security furnished by the Contractor and his surety and approved by the Commissioner as security for the faithful payment in full of all legal accounts for labor, materials, and supplies furnished in the Contract.
Contract Item or Pay Item A specific unit of work that a price is provided for in the Contract.
Contract Performance Bond The security furnished to the Department to guarantee completion of the work accordin g to the Contract.
Contract Time The number of working days or calendar days allowed for completion of the Contract. When a calendar date of completion is shown in the Bid Proposal instead of a number of working or calendar da ys, com plete the Contract b y that date.
Contractor The individual, partnership, firm, corporation, or any acceptable combination thereof, or joint venture, contracting with the Department of Hi ghways for performance of the work.
Controllin g Item or Operation An item or operation that, if delayed, will delay the completion time of the Contract. The Engineer will determine the controlling items or operations based upon the Contractor’s submitted scheduling documents. When a Critical Path Method schedule is required, the controlling items or operations will be determined from the Critical Path.
Count y The coun ty containin g the pro ject.
Culvert
Any structure not classified as a bridge providing an opening under the roadway.
Department The Kentuck y Department of Hi ghways.
Design Quantit y The ori ginal Contract quantit y not includin g contin gencies.
Detour
Digital ID
Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) The directing of traffic onto another roadway to bypass a temporary traffic control zone.
A unique electronic encryption ke y that allows contractors to digitally sign bids submitted via the Bid Express Bidding Service.
A for profit small business where socially and economically disadvantaged individuals own at least 51 percent interest and also control management and daily business operations of the company.
Diversion The directing of traffic onto a temporary roadway or alignment placed in or next to the ri ght-of-wa y.
Emplo yee Any person working on the project who is under the direction or control of, or receives compensation from, the Contractor or subcontractor.
Engineer The State Highway Engineer of the Department, or a duly authorized representative responsible for engineering supervision of the Contract.
Equipment All machinery and equipment, together with the necessary supplies for upkeep and maintenance, and also tools and apparatus necessary for the proper construction and acce ptable com pletion of the work.
Extra Work An item of work not provided for in the Contract as awarded but found essential by the Engineer for the satisfactory completion of the Contract.
Federal Pro ject Any project funded wholl y or in part by the Federal Government.
Final Estimate The final Contract payment amount for all quantities of work includin g all chan ges from the desi gn quantit y.
Force Account A basis of payment for the directed performance of highway construction work with payment based on the actual cost of labor, equipment, and materials furnished and considerations for overhead and profit accordin g to Subsection 109.04.
Formal Acceptance Acceptance by the Department upon completion of all the requirements of the Contract, which relieves the Contractor of further obli gation for the work.
Highway A general term denoting a public way for purposes of vehicular travel, includin g the entire area within the ri ght-of-wa y.
Highway Separation Any structure carrying highway traffic over or under another highway or street.
Highway-Railwa y Separation Any structure carrying highway traffic over or unde r the tracks of any railwa y.
Holida ys New Year’s Da y. The first day of January plus one other day determined b y the Governor of Kentuck y each year. Martin Luther Kin g Day. The third Monda y in Januar y. Good Frida y. Frida y before Easter. Memorial Da y. The last Monda y in Ma y. Independence Da y. The fourth da y of Jul y. Labor Da y. The first Monda y in Se ptember. Presidential Election Da y. The first Tuesday after the first Monday in November of presidential election years. Veteran’s Da y. The eleventh da y of November. Thanks giving Day. The fourth Thursday in November plus the followin g Frida y. Christmas Da y. The twenty-fifth day of December plus one other day determined b y the Governor of Kentuck y each year.
These holidays are subject to subsequent changes by the General Assembl y of the Commonwealth of Kentuck y.
Independent Assurance The Department’s Division of Materials will conduct testing to provide an unbiased and independent evaluation of all sampling and testin g procedures used in the acceptance pro gram.
Inspector The Engineer’s authorized representative assigned to make detailed inspections of Contract performance.
Laborator y The official testin g laborator y of the Department.
Local Traffic Traffic that has either its origin or destination at some point within the limits of the project or an adjacent project. Local traffic includes traffic on all side roads that lead into the project without another satisfactory outlet over a passable road or street and school buses and mail deliver y vehicles makin g stops within the pro ject.
Major and Minor Items All original Contract items having a value of 10 percent or more of the original Contract amount, based on the original Contract price and original estimated quantity, are major items. All remaining items are minor items.
Masonr y Concrete or stone masonr y.
Materials Any substances used in connection with the construction and maintenance of an y structure or the roadwa y and its appurtenances.
Median The portion of a divided highway separating the traveled ways for traffic movin g in opposite directions.
Minor Structures Any structure not classified or defined as a bridge or a culvert, including catch basins, inlets, manholes, retaining walls, steps, buildin gs, fences, and other miscellaneous items.
New Never been used before.
Non –Conformance Report A formal written document of notification detailing a deficiency, or non-conformance in characteristic, documentation, or procedure, which renders the quality of an item or activity unacceptable or indeterminate. Corrective action is required, including but not limited to, supportive documentation of correction for the deficiency. Notice of Award Written notice to the Contractor stating that their Bid Proposal has been accepted by the Cabinet.
Notice to Contractors The official notice inviting bids for the proposed highway improvements.
Notice to Be gin Work Written notice to the Contractor to proceed with the Contract work. When applicable, the Engineer will begin counting Contract time (workin g days) startin g with the Notice to Be gin Work date.
Pavement Structure The combination of base course and surface course placed on a subgrade to support the traffic load and distribute it to the roadbed. Subgrade. The top surface of a roadbed upon which the pavement structure and shoulders includin g curbs are constructed. Base Course . The layer or layers of specified or selected materials of designed thickness placed on a subgrade to support a surface course.
Surface Course (Wearin g Course). One or more layers of a pavement structure designed to accommodate the traffic load, the top layer of which resists skidding, traffic abrasion, and the disinte grating effects of climate.
Pay Item or Contract Item A specific unit of work that a price is provided for in the Contract.
Plans The approved Contract drawings including the plan, profile, and cross section sheets; general notes; the workin g drawin gs; supplemental drawings; and construction revisions showing the location, type, character, dimensions, and details of the work required. Professional Archaeologist An individual with a Masters degree in archaeology or anthropology, or an individual with Society of Professional Archaeologists certification, specializing in historic or prehistoric archaeology and having field experience in archaeological investigation. Profile Grade The trace of a vertical plane intersecting the top surface of the proposed wearing surface, usually along the longitudinal centerline of the roadbed. Profile grade means either the elevation or gradient of such trace accordin g to the context. Project The specific section of the highway, including approaches and all appurtenances, and construction to be performed under the Contract. Pro ject Completion The satisfactory completion of all work relating to both Contract Bid Proposal items and items added b y supplemental a greement. Project Completion Notice The notice issued by standard form that the Project has been satisfactoril y completed and is read y for final inspection. Proper Local Authorities Officials authorized by law to act for counties and other civil subdivisions. Proposal Guarant y The security furnished with a Bid Proposal guaranteeing that a bidder submitting an accepted Bid Proposal enters into the Contract. Qualit y Acceptance Qualit y Control Qualit y Control Plan Qualified Laboratories Ramp QA consists of all planned and systematic actions necessary, including construction inspection and contract administration, to provide adequate confidence that a product or service will satisfy specified requirements for quality. QA serves to pro vide confidence in the Contract requirements, which include materials handling and construction procedures, calibration and maintenance of equipment, production process control and any sampling, testing and inspection which is performed by the Department for these purposes. The sum total of activities performed by the Contractor to ensure the end product meets the Contract requirements. A detailed description in manual format of the type and frequency of inspection, staffing, materials handling and construction procedures, calibration and maintenance of equipment, productio n process control, sampling, and testing deemed necessary to measure and control quality as specified by the Contract documents. Department approved laboratories used for sampling and testing of material. An in terco nnecting roadway o f a traffic interchange, or a connection between highways at different levels or between parallel highways on which vehicles may enter or leave a designated
roadwa y.
Responsive Bid A Bid Proposal which conforms to all requi rements of the proposal pamphlet.
Responsible Bidder A bidder who is physically organized and equipped with the financial resources to undertake and complete the contract.
Responsible Contractor A Contractor that has the requisite skill, resources, desire, and integrity to complete the work in conformance with the provisions of the Contract.
Right-of-Wa y A general term denoting land, property, or interest, acquired for or devoted to transportation purposes.
Road A general term denoting a public way for purposes of vehicular travel, includin g the entire area within the ri ght-of-wa y.
Roadbed The graded portion of a highway within the top and side slopes, prepared as a foundation for the pavement structure, shoulders, and median.
Roadside A general term denoting the area adjoining the outer edge of the roadway. Extensive areas between the roadways of a divided highway may also be considered roadside.
Roadside Development Those items necessary to the complete highway providing for the preservation of landscape materials and features; the rehabilitation and protection against erosion of all areas disturbed by construction through seeding, sodding, mulching, and the placing of other ground covers; such suitable planting and other improvements as may increase the effectiveness and enhance the appearance of the hi ghway. Roadwa y The portion of a hi ghway within the limits of construction.
Shoulder The portion of the roadway contiguous with the traveled way for accommodation of stopped vehicles, for emergency use, and for lateral support of base and surface courses.
Sidewalk That portion of the roadway outside normal vehicle paths constructed primaril y for the use of pedestrians. Skew or Skew Angle The acute angle formed by the intersection of a line normal to the centerline of the roadway with a line parallel to the face of the abutments, or in the case of culverts, with the centerline of the culverts.
Special Notes See definition for Specifications.
Special Provisions See definition for Specifications.
Specifications A general term applied to written directions, provisions, and requirements pertainin g to performance of the work. Specifications
are included in documents such as the Special Notes, Special Provisions, Standard Specifications, or Supplemental Specifications. Special Notes. Specifications developed for a specific item of work which may be appropriate only for a particular project but may become standard if regularly used as future projects using the item develop. Special Provisions . Additions and revisions to the Standard and Supplemental Specifications covering conditions peculiar to an individual pro ject. Standard Speci fications. A book of specifications approved for general application and repetitive use by the Department entitled, “Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction”.
Supplemental Speci fications. Additions and revisions to the Standard Specifications that are made subsequently to issuance of the StandardS pecifications.
Specified Com pletion Date The date by which the Contract work is specified to be completed.
Standard Drawin gs Detailed drawings approved for repetitive use.
StandardS pecifications See definition for Specifications.
State Hi ghway Engineer The State Highway Engineer of the Department acting directly or throu gh an authorized re presentative.
Street A general term denoting a public way for purposes of vehicular travel in a cit y, includin g the entire area within the ri ght-of-wa y.
Structures Bridges, culverts, or minor structures.
Subcontractor An individual, firm, or corporation who, with the written consent of the Department, subcontracts any part of the Contract. First tier Subcontractors are those to whom the Contractor subcontracts a portion of the work. Second tier Subcontractors are those to whom a first tier Subcontractor subcontracts a portion of the work.
Sub grade See definition for Pavement Structure.
Substructure All of that part of the structure below the bearings of simple and continuous spans, skewbacks of arches and tops of footings or rigid frames, together with the back walls, wingwalls, and wing protection railin gs.
Superintendent The Contractor’s autho rized representative in responsible charge of the work.
Superpave Mix Design Technologist
asphalt mix designs. Superpave Plant An inspector qualified b y the KYTC to perform routine inspection
Technolo gist (SPT) and process control, acceptance, or verification testing on asphalt mixtures.
Superstructure The entire structure except the substructure.
Supplemental Agreement A written agreement executed by the Contractor and the Commissioner, with the consent of the surety when required, covering significant changes, and revised or new unit prices and items, that supplements the original Contract. See also Change Order.
Supplemental Drawings Drawings included in the Plans to specify construction details.
Supplemental Specifications See definition for Specifications.
Suret y The corporation, firm, or individual, other than the Contractor, executin g a bond furnished b y the Contractor.
Surface Course (Wearing Course) See definition for Pavement Structure.
Temporar y Structures Structures required for the use of traffic during construction and not remainin g a part of the permanent roadwa y.
Throu gh Traffic All traffic other than traffic defined as Local Traffic.
Titles or Headin gs The titles or headings of the Sections and Subsections herein are intended for convenience of reference and shall not have any bearin g on their interpretation.
Traveled Wa y
Typical Section
Warm Mix Asphalt The portion of the roadway used for the movement of vehicles, exclusive of shoulders and auxiliary lanes. The cross section(s) established by the plans which represent the work to be performed by the Contractor. The typical section is represented by all earthwork requ ired to perform the work as depicted in the cross sections (i.e. the disturb limits).
An asphalt mixture which any of the approved “warm mix technologies” such as water injection, chemical additives, or wax additives have been utilized.
Work The furnishing of all labor, materials, equipment, and other incidentals necessary or convenient to the successful completion of the project or Contract item and the performance of all duties and obli gations imposed b y the Contract.
Workin g Day A calendar day, exclusive of Saturday, Sunday, holidays, or days when the weather, seasonal, or temperature limitations of the specifications, or other conditions beyond the control of the Contractor, prevent, as judged by the Engineer, construction operations from proceeding for at least 5 hours by the normal working force engaged in performing the controlling item or items of work.
Workin g Drawin gs Stress sheets, shop drawings, erection plans, falsework plans, framework plans, cofferdam pl ans, bending diagrams for reinforcing steel, or any other supplementary plans or similar data the Contractor is required to submit to the En gineer for review.