SECTION 606 BRIDGE RESTORATION AND WATERPROOFING WITH CONCRETE OVERLAYS
606.01 DESCRIPTION. This work shall consist of bridge deck restoration and
waterproofing with latex concrete overlays.
606.02 Materials and Equipment.
606.02.01 Concrete. Conform to Subsection 601.02 and 601.03.
606.02.02 Latex Admixture. Conform to Subsection 841.
606.02.03 Epoxy for Epoxy-Sand Slurry. Conform to Section 826.
606.02.04 Sand for Epoxy-Sand Slurry. Conform to Subsection 804.
606.02.05 Mortar Sand. Conform to Subsection 804 (for Grout-Bond Coat).
606.02.06 Latex Grout. Conform to Section 601.02.
606.02.07 Joint Materials. Conform to Section 807.
A.Filler. Use preformed expansion joint filler, Type II (cork).
B.Sealers. Use rapid cure silicone with closed-cell polyethylene foam back-up rod compatible with silicone sealant.
606.02.08 Concrete Curing Material. Conform to Section 823.
606.02.09 Structural Steel. Conform to Subsection 812 (for expansion dams and
joint build up).
606.02.10 Equipment. Conform to Subsection 601.02 with the following exceptions
and additions:
A.Mechanical Scarifiers or Grinders. Furnish mechanical scarifiers or grinders designed specifically for scarifying bri dge decks that the Engineer approves. Ensure that the scarifier or grinder is capable of producing a surface matching the existing slab cross section and that each pass of the machine matches the previous pass in elevation.
B.Hammers. Provide Power driven Hammers lighter than nominal 45 lb. class.
C.Sawing Equipment. Sawing equipment shall be a concrete saw capable of sawing concrete to the specified depth.
D.Hydraulic Impact/Skid Steer Type Equipment with a maximum rated striking Energy of 360 ft-lbs are permitted only in areas of concrete removal more than 6 inches away from boundaries of surface areas to remain in service. The Contractor is to provide data information to the engineer on the equipment they wish to utilize to ensure compliance with this note.
E.Mixers. In addition to the requirements of Subsection 601.02, furnish continuous mixers having a latex admixture supply portion equipped with a cumulative-type meter that can be read to the nearest 0.1 gallon. Furnish continuous mixers having a water supply portion equipped with a flow meter or other suitable device for calibrating the water supply, and a cumulative type water meter that can be read to the nearest 0.1 gallon. Ensure that the latex and water meters are readily accessible, accurate to within one percent, and legible.
F.Hand Tools. In addition to the requirements of Subsection 601.02, furnish sufficient hand tools for placement of stiff, plastic concrete capable of working the 606-1 concrete down to approximately the correct elevation for striking off with a screed.
G.Finishing Machine. Conform to the requirements of Subsection 609.02.09.
H.Brooms. Furnish brooms having bristles of suffi cient stiffness to treat the surface after finishing.
I.Air Compressors. Furnish air compressors equipped with separators and traps.
606.02.11 Coarse Aggregate. Conform to Section 805, size No. 8 or 9-M.
606.03 Construction.
606.03.01 Scheduling. Notify the Engineer at least 12 hours before placing concrete
for the overlay. The Department will not grant a time extension for delay in placing concrete resulting from the Engineer receiving less than the 12-hour notice.
606.03.02 Weather Limitations. Construct the overlay during the night time hours
when the ambient temperature will remain below 85 F, the wind velocity is low, and hot conditions or rain are not expected. During hot weather, place the concrete when the ambient temperature falls to 85 F or below. Complete placement of concrete before the ambient air temperature reaches 85 F. Do not place concrete when the ambient temperature away from artificial heat is less that 45 F and falling, except when using Type III cement. Keep all concrete at a temperature above 45 F for at least 96 hours after placing. Make provisions for the uniform distribution of heat, and do not allow any area of the concrete surface to be heated to a temperature above 85 F. To accomplish uniform distribution of heat during cold weather, provide housing, heat ing, or insulation methods that the Engineer approves. Do not place concrete during rain or dri zzle. If it begins to rain or drizzle during placement, cease placement and finish and protect the material already in place.
606.03.03 Removal of Concrete, Restorat ion of Reinforcement and Cleaning.
Treat the entire area of the deck between the curbs (roadway) and the ends of the structure (100 percent of the deck area) by machine preparation consisting of removal of concrete to a depth of at least 1/4 inch below the existing concrete surface. Machine prepare with mechanical scarifiers or grinders. If satisf actory results are not achieved, the Engineer may direct that the work be performed with other equipment. The Department will not require machine preparation on endwalls. Remove epoxy, asphalt, foreign surfaces, and unsound patches in a manner approved by the Engineer. Sound concrete patches, regardless of the of the concrete material used, are to be left in place as determined by the Engineer. Do not use equipment that may cause damage to the underlying concrete. Remove all other concrete that the Engineer deems unsound. Remove concrete within areas where the depth of removal exceeds 1/4 inch with hammers or other small equipment. Steel reinforcement damaged by the contractor shall be replaced to the size, type, and lap lengths determined by the Engineer. Remove concrete to a depth of 3/4 inch below any reinforcing bar which is more than 50 percent exposed or that appears not to be bonded to the existing concrete. Protect any underlying sound concrete and steel reinforcement. Ensure that the periphery of routed areas is as nearly vertical as possible. If the removal of unsound concrete extends through two thirds of the concrete slab or more, remove and replace the remaining sound concrete for full depth patching. Ensure that all exposed steel reinforcement is tied according to Subsection 602.03.04. Remove all inferior concrete in the deteriorated and spalled areas near joints and all joint filler. Reform the joints to exact width and true alignment according to Subsection
609.03.04 for open joints except when a timber template is used, cover it with polyethylene
sheeting. Blast clean all exposed steel reinforcement and structural steel according to Subsection
606.03.04 to remove scale, rust, grease, oil and other material that would prevent adhesion
of the concrete. Before placing concrete, replace or supplement deteriorated or damaged reinforcement as the Engineer directs. Remove all dust and chips of asphalt materials, concrete, or other debris and clean the entire area with compressed air. Ensure that the 606-2 compressed air is free of detrimental quantities of water, oil, grease, or any other injurious substances. Do not allow leakage of oil, grease, gasoline, or other substances from the compressor or other equipment on the deck. Suspend protective sheeting such as plastic or tarpaulins under all equipment that leaks. Surface preparation, partial depth, and/or full depth removal of unsound concrete may be accomplished using hydrodemolition. Prior to any hydrodemolition operation, submit a hydrodemolition plan, in writing, for approval by the Engineer. In the hydrodemolition plan state water source, type of machine, water pressure settings and methods to collect and strain waste water and protect the public, structural st eel paint, and structural steel. Calibrate the hydrodemolition machine to remove only unsound concrete. Test the machine on an area of concrete as directed by the Engineer. Use clean water with a rust inhibitor. Collect and strain all waste water from the hydrodemolition operation. The Contractor, at a minimum, shall block all drains on the deck and install aggregate dams, or other Department approved devices, as necessary to strain runoff. The deck shall be used as a se ttlement basin within itself unless the Engineer or requirements of any associated regulatory agencies state otherwise. After hydrodemolition operation, sound deck to ensure that all unsound concrete has been removed. Final sounding shall consist of as many successive resoundings as required to ensure that all unsatisfactory concrete has been removed. Additional removal shall be performed with 45 pound maximum weight hammers. When Hydrodemolition is used, cleaning shall be performed with a vacuum system capable of removing wet debris and water all in the same pass. The vacuum equipment shall be capable of washing the deck with pressurized water prior to the vacuum operation to dislodge all debris and slurry from the deck surface. Cleaning shall be done in a timely manner, before debris and water is allowed to dry on the deck surface. Full Depth repair shall be paid per cubic yard of concrete used and may not be done in the same operation as the deck overlay. The Contractor shall comply with all federal, state, regional, and local government agencies that have requirements regarding the control of fugitive dust generated by concrete removal and blasting operations.
606.03.04 Blast Cleaning. Blast clean the entire area of the deck surface and vertical
faces of curbs, barrier walls, and plinths up to a height of one inch above the top elevation of the overlay, and areas to receive epoxy-sand slurry to a bright, clean appearance that is free from curing compound, laitance, dust, dirt, oil, grease, asphalt material, paint, and all foreign matter. Perform blast cleaning of an area of the deck within the 24-hour period preceding placement of the overlay on the area. If the project is done under traffic, perform all blast cleaning within 12 hours prior to placement of the overlay. Perform blast cleaning according to the regulations specified in Subsection 107.01.04. Protect the blast cleaned areas with white plastic before placement of the overlay. Blast clean contaminated areas and areas exposed more than 24 hours (12 hours when under traffic) again as the Engineer directs. Remove or roll the white plastic between the mixer truck rear wheels and the overlay placement. Hydro blasting may be used in lieu blast cleaning. Use hand held high pressure wands with potable water. Water blast the entire area of the deck. Prevent steel reinforcement from rusting.
606.03.05 Full Depth Patching. Fill full depth holes with Class M1 or M2 Concrete.
Immediately before placing concrete, dampen and surface dry the contact surface. Then apply a grout-bond coat by vigorously scrubbing or brushing into the vertical surface of full depth routed areas. Proportion the grout mixture according to Subsection 601.03 using Type I cement. Carefully place the Class M1 or M2 concrete and tamp or vibrate into place. Rough-finish the full depth patched areas to an elevation corresponding to the scarified grade and cure for a period of no less than 7 calendar days, or until the overlay is placed, by means of a double layer of wetted burlap or similar material. If the full depth patch area is 606-3 encompassed by an area of partial depth patching, finish the full depth concrete patch to an elevation corresponding to the bottom of the partial depth routed areas instead of the elevation of the scarified deck. After the concrete has hardened sufficiently to maintain the proper shape, remove all joint templates. Avoid chipping or breaking dow n the edges of the repaired joint. Remove all forming material before completion of the project. Provide temporary support for existing concrete handrails while removing and replacing full depth concrete. Submit the proposed method of supporting the handrails to the Engineer for approval before beginning work. Blast clean the surfaces of all patched areas and remove sand before constructing the overlay. Complete all full depth patching in each lane before beginning overlay operations on that lane. Place latex concrete overlays only when full depth patches have been placed for 24 hours or longer. Do not allow construction equipment on the full depth patches until they have attained a compressive strength of 4,000 psi.
606.03.06 Partial-Depth Patching. The Department may allow monolithic placement
of the partial depth patches with the overlay.
606.03.07 Prohibited Field Welding. Do not perform welding on load carrying
members of the bridge without the Engineer’s written consent, and then only in the manner and at the locations designated.
606.03.08 Mixing and Placing. Mix concrete at the site by either batch or continuous
mixers as the Engineer approves. Mix and deliver according to Subsections 601.03.07 and 601.03.08 except discharge within 20 minutes. Submit to the Engineer for approval proposed methods for anchoring the finishing machine supporting rails to the deck. Hold the formation of longitudinal joints and transverse joints to a minimum. When constructing longitudinal or transverse joints, thoroughly blast clean and coat with grout- bond coat material before placing plastic concrete against the hardened sides of the joints. Form longitudinal joints using a longitudinal header secured to the deck, 1/4 inch less in thickness than the overlay. Locate longitudinal joints along lane lines. After removal of the header, saw the overlay longitudinally 3 inches or more inside the formed edge and remove the portion of the overlay outside the saw cut before placing the adjacent portion of the overlay. The Department may allow alternate methods of constructing joints on latex overlays. Produce the mixture at a uniform rate and perform finishing immediately after mixing.
606.03.09 Brooming. Immediately after finishing, broom the surface of the overlay
transversely across the bridge deck from curb to curb. Texture the surface according to Subsection 609.03.10 immediately after finishing on new structure overlays, when specified in the Contract, and on Federal Aid projects.
606.03.10 Epoxy-Sand Slurry. After the overlay has been completed and cured,
apply a thin coat (approximately 1/16 inch) of an epoxy-sand slurry to the 12 inches of the overlay adjacent to the curbs, concrete barrier walls, or other vertical walls. Extend the epoxy-sand slurry up the faces of the curbs and walls or other vertical walls and extend the epoxy-sand slurry up the faces and tops of the curbs and plinth according to the Standard Drawings. Thoroughly blast clean to a bright appearance and dry the areas to receive the epoxy-sand slurry before applying the slurry. Apply the slurry only after the deck has been dry for 24 hours. Place strips of masking tape along the joints to prevent the slurry from entering the joints and to ensure a straight line of slurry. Proportion the slurry as follows: One Gallon of Component A One Gallon of Component B 2 Gallons of dry, silica sand 606-4 The Engineer may allow minor adjustments in the quantity of sand in order to produce a more workable mixture. Thoroughly mix the ingredient materials for 3 to 5 minutes. Then spread the slurry and use a squeegee to completely fill the blast cleaned pitted areas, cracks, and rough surfaces. Finish the slurry to a thickness of no more than 1/16 inch. Sprinkle silica sand very lightly over the slurry to provide skid resistance. The Department will allow placement of thoroughly mixed neat epoxy according to Subsection 510.03.
606.03.11 Cleaning and Sealing Joints. Rework each joint according to the Standard
Drawings and as follows:
A.Joint Preparation. Remove any old sealant and joint filler. Use tools and techniques as approved by the Engineer. When joint is dry, sandblast to remove all contaminants. Sandblast each joint a minimum of 2 passes, one for each face, wi th nozzle held at an angle to the joint face and within 1 to 2 inches of the pavement. After sandblasting, air blast each joint to remove sand and other contaminants. Air blast in only one direction to prevent recontamination of the joint. Compressed air used for air blasting will be at a pressure of at least 90 psi. The air compressor used will be equipped with traps capable of removing moisture, and oil from the air. Apply primer as recommended by the sealant’s manufacturer.
B.Sealant Filler and Installation. Seal joints on same day that preparation occurs. When joints are prepared, but not sealed on the same day, sandblasting, removal of sand and debris, and primer application will be repeated as directed by the Engineer. Also any joint that has become contaminated will be recleaned as directed by the Engineer. Prior to installation of sealant, each joint will be inspected by the Engineer for proper depth, width, alignment, and cleanliness. Install sealant at a minimum of 1/2 inch below the pavement face and in accordance with the manufacturers’ recommendations.
606.03.12 Bridge End Transitions. Overlay the end sections of the bridge and finish
as follows:
A.Rigid Approach. Set the finishing machine rails to provide a 50-foot transition on the ends of the bridge to match the finished grade of the overlay with the existing grade of the adjacent pavement. Remove the existing concrete as necessary to maintain the minimum specified thickness of the overlay.
B.Non-Rigid Approach or a Rigid Approach with Asphalt Overlay. The Department will not require a transition.
606.03.13 Expansion Dam Treatment. Treat the existing expansion dams according
to the Standard Drawings. The Department will not require painting of structural steel.
606.03.14 Material Hauling. Haul all material for latex concrete overlays with
vehicles which do not exceed the regulation for either the legal axle weights or axle spacing contained in 603 KAR 5-066. Prior to doing any overlay work on a structure, furnish to the Engineer a certified statement listing the empty weight of each hauling vehicle, axle weights when empty, axle weights when fully loaded, gross weight of each vehicle when loaded with a specific number of cubic yards, and the spacing of axles. The Engineer will use this information for the purpose of determining the allowable quantity of materials to be hauled. The Engineer will determine the allowable quantity of materials to be hauled based on the capacity and condition of the bridge after the removal of unsound concrete and prior to the placement of the overlay. Under no circumstances will the Department allow loads which exceed legal gross or axle load limits. 606-5
606.03.15 Damage to Structures. Take responsibility for all damage to the structure
during construction until all work is completed, including the replacement of entire spans that fail as a result of this construction.
606.03.16 Unacceptable Work. When the Engineer deems necessary, the Department
will core any areas of the overlay that displa y extensive cracking or other characteristics indicating the waterproofing effectiveness or expected life of the overlay may be reduced, or that the overlay may not be intimately bonded to the underlying deck. Remove and replace with acceptable concrete all areas shown by the cores to either have cracks exceeding a depth of 1/4 inch or to not be intimately bonded to the underlying deck The Engineer may require removal and replacement without coring when significant cracking or lack of bond are apparent. Seal all cracks that are not significant enough to require removal of the overlay with a latex grout as the Engineer directs. Correct all individual areas of hardened grooved concrete of 25 square feet or larger in which the texture is unsatisfactory using methods the Engineer approves.
606.03.17 Special Requirements for Latex Concrete Overlays.
A.Existing Bridges and New Structures.
1.Prewetting and Grout-Bond Coat. Thoroughly and continuously wet the blast cleaned areas to receive the overlay with water at least one hour before placing the overlay is started. Keep the areas wet and cooled with water until placing the overlay. Disperse or remove all accumulations of water before applying the grout-bond coat. Immediately ahead of placing the overlay mixture, thoroughly brush and scrub a thin coating of the latex concrete mixture to be used for the overlay onto the wetted surface as a grout-bond coat. Do not allow accumulations of coarser particles of the mixture which cannot be scrubbed into intimate contact with the surface. Apply the grout-bond coat only for a short distance in advance of placing the overlay. Do not allow the grout-bond coat to show any signs of drying before placing the overlay. Thoroughly recoat all areas showing signs of drying with fresh grout. Do not apply a grout-bond coat on bridge decks prepared by hydrodemolition.
2.Proportioning and Requirements. Proportion as follows: When adjusting, ensure the mixture contains no less than 658 pounds per cubic yard of cement nor less than 24.5 gallons per cubic yard of latex admixture. Material Quantity Type I or Type III Cement 94 lbs Latex Admixture 3.5 gal Fine Aggregate 215 to 245 lbs (1) Coarse Aggregate 165 to 195 lbs(1) Water(2) 22 lbs(1)
1.Determine actual quantities and submit to the Engineer for approval.
2.Includes free moisture on the fine and coarse aggregates. Furnish latex concrete with the following properties: Property Value Slump(1) 4 – 6 in (KM 64-302) Maximum Air Content 7% (KM 64-303) 606-6 Maximum W/C ratio(2) 0.40 7 - day compressive strength 3,000 psi
1.The Department will perform the slump test 4 to 5 minutes after discharging from continuous type mixers.
2.Consider all the non-solids in the latex admixture as part of the total water.
3.Placing, Consolidating, and Finishing the Overlay. Place the latex concrete overlay on the blast cleaned and prewetted deck immediately after applying the grout-bond coat. The Department will require a minimum latex concrete overlay thickness of one inch except on textured finishes. On textured finishes, the Department will require a minimum latex concrete overlay thickness of 1 1/4 inches. Ensure that the surface of the overlay conforms to the existing deck section while maintaining the minimum thickness. The Engineer will determine the deck secti on in the field, including the cross slope or crown. Pass the finishing machine over the existing deck prior to placing the overlay so that the Engineer can make measurements to ensure the proper cross slope and thickness. Construct a transverse construction joint whenever placing is interrupted for any reason for 20 minutes or longer. Ensure that the top surface of the overlay is uniform, smooth, and even-textured after finishing with a finishing machine. Thoroughly consolidate the concrete by vibration during the finishing operations. Ensure that the finished surface does not vary more than 1/8 inch in 10 feet as measured from a straightedge.
4.Curing. Immediately following the brooming operation or texturing, when texturing is required, cover the overlay with a thoroughly wetted layer of burlap immediately followed by a layer of polyethylene film 4 mils or more in thickness. Place sections or strips of burlap transversely, so that the overlay can be covered immediately after finishing or texturing. Leave the burlap and polyethylene film in place for at least 24 hours, and rewet the burlap if any signs of drying appear. Soak new burlap in water for at least 12 hours before the first use. After the 24-hour period has ended, remove the burlap and polyethylene and allow the overlay to air-cure. Continue the air-cure for an additional 48 hours when using Type I cement or an additional 24 hours when using Type III cement at an ambient air temperature of 50 F or more. When the overlay has cured, give the tops of all longitudinal and transverse construction joints a thorough coating of grout of the same proportions as the latex concrete mixture used for the grout-bond coat material. Neatly and uniformly apply a 2-inch wide or wider coating to seal any minute cracks at these locations. Do not use epoxy-sand slurry to seal construction joints in lieu of grout. The Department will allow the overlay to be opened to traffic as soon as curing is completed, all full depth patches are at least 7 days old or have attained a compressive strength of 4,000 psi, all construction joints are sealed, and gutterline and curb slurry is applied.
B.Special Requirements for New Structures. Construct according to A) above with the following exceptions and additions:
1.The Department will not require machine preparation of the top 1/4 inch of the deck.
2.Construct an overlay having a thickness of 1 1/2 inch.
3.Texture the overlay surface according to Subsection 609.03.10.
4.Perform operations in the following sequence: blast clean the existing deck; 606-7 apply the grout-bond coat; mix, place, and consolidate the overlay mixture; finish; texture; cure; seal joints and cracks; then apply the epoxy-sand slurry.
5.Do not overlay the deck until it is at least 14 calendar days old.
6.When longitudinal construction joints are necessary, completely cure each section of the overlay before placing the adjacent section of the overlay.
606.04 Measurement.
606.04.01 Removal of Epoxy, Asphalt, and Foreign Overlay. When listed as a bid
item, the Department will measure the quantity in square yards.
606.04.02 Machine Preparation of Existing Slab. The Department will measure the
quantity in square yards. The Department will not deduct parts of the deck that are not concrete such as deck drains, castings, expansion dams, and patches of foreign material for payment.
606.04.03 Concrete, Class M for Full-Depth Patching. The Department will
measure the quantity in cubic yards. The Department will not measure removal of epoxy, asphalt, or foreign overlays for payment, unless listed as a bid item, and will consider it incidental to this item of work.
606.04.04 Structural Steel. The Department will measure the quantity according to
Subsection 607.04.
606.04.05 Blast Cleaning. The Department will measure the quantity in square yards.
Before placement of the overlay the Department will measure the area of the deck and the vertical part of the curb which will be in direct contact with the overlay (distance equal to the thickness of the overlay) plus one inch for payment. After placement of the overlay and before placement of the epoxy-sand slurry, the Department will measure the 12-inch width of the overlay and the sides and tops of curbs that are to receive the epoxy-sand slurry for payment. The Department will not measure any repeated blast cleaning for payment and will consider it incidental to this item of work.
606.04.06 Latex Modified Concrete Overlay. The Department will measure the
quantity in cubic yards using the theoretical volume as specified in the contract.
606.04.07 Latex Modified Concrete for Partial Depth Patching and variable
thickness of Overlay. The Department will measure the quantity in cubic yards by deducting the theoretical volume of bridge deck overlay (LMC) from the total volume (as indicated by the batch quantity tickets) of Concrete required to obtain the finished grade shown on the Plans or established by the Engineer. The Department will measure the overlay partial depth patches and material used to patch spalled or deteriorated sections of curbs, sidewalks or plinths for payment. The Department will not measure the volume of material wasted or not incorporated in the work; grout used for the bond coat; crack sealing; or sand blast cleaning of reinforcing steel, longitudinal or transverse construction joints, areas of curbs, sidewalks, plinths, and other areas to be patched; or temporary supports for existing concrete handrails while removing and replacing full depth concrete for payment and will consider them incidental to this item of work.
606.04.08 Epoxy-Sand Slurry. The Department will measure the quantity in square
yards. The Department will measure the en tire area covered, including the 12-inch width of the overlay and the sides and tops of curbs, barrier walls, and plinths for payment.
606.04.09 Joint Sealing. The Department will measure the quantity in linear feet.
606.04.10 Hydrodemolition. When listed as a bid item, the Department will measure
606-8 the quantity in square yards. Otherwise, the Department will not measure Hyrodemolition for payment and will consider it incidental to the overlay.
606.05 PAYMENT. The Department will make payment for the completed and accepted
quantities under the following: Code Pay Item Pay Unit 08510 Removal of Epoxy, Asphalt, or Foreign Overlay Square Yard 08551 Machine Preparation of Slab Square Yard 08526 Concrete, Class M for Full Depth Patching(1)(3) Cubic Yard 08160 Structural Steel See Subsection 607.05 08549 Blast Cleaning Square Yard 08534 Concrete Overlay, Latex(1)(2)(3) Cubic Yard 24094EC Partial Depth Patching Cubic Yard 08504 Epoxy-Sand Slurry Square Yard 08540 Joint Sealing Linear Foot 08550 Hydrodemolition Square Yard
1.The Department will establish an adjusted unit price according to the supplemental formulas established for excessive ov erruns and underruns in Subsection 104.02.02 when this pay item is a major item and either an overrun or an underrun of more than 25 percent occurs.
2.The Department will adjust the Contract unit price of overlays on new structures by the Schedule for Adjusted Payment for Thickness Deficiency. The adjusted quantity is equal to the measured quantity of the pay item multiplied by the Contract unit price for the pay item and the Price Adjustment. As an option, remove and replace overlays with an average deficiency in thickness of no more than 1/2 inch with an overlay of the specified thickness at no cost to the Department. The Department will not make additional payment for average thicknesses of overlay in excess of the specified thickness. Schedule for Adjusted Payment for Thickness Deficiency Average Thickness Deficiency Price Adjustment (inches) (Percent of Contract Unit Bid Price) 0 100.0 1/16 95.0 1/8 90.0 3/16 80.0 1/4 70.0 5/16 57.5 3/8 45.0 7/16 25.0 1/2 0.0 Greater than 1/2 (a)
a.Remove and replace with an overlay of the specified thickness at no expense to the Department.
3.When placing concrete on overlays is not begun within 2 hours after the scheduled time, the Department will deduct all engineering costs from the scheduled time until the time placing begins or is canceled from the Contract amount. The Department will not deduct engineering costs for uncontrollable circumstances such as inclement weather or equipment failure after placing begins. The Department will consider payment as full compensation for all work required 606-9 under this section. 606-10 SECTION 607 STRUCTURAL STEEL BRIDGES
607.01 DESCRIPTION. Build steel bridges, and perform other structural steel and
miscellaneous metal construction. The dimensions specified in the Plans are for a normal temperature of 60 F with dead load on the structure.
a.Primary Bridge Members include:
a.Web and Flanges of plate, tub, and box girders
b.Rolled Beams and cover plates
c.Floor Beam webs and flanges
d.Arch Ribs and arch ties beams or girders
e.Truss Members
f.Diaphragm members for tub girders
g.Splice Plates for primary members
h.Any other member designated as “primary” or “main” on the plans
b.Secondary Bridge Members include:
a.Bracing (diaphragms, cross frames, and lateral bracing.
c.Miscellaneous Bridge Members
a.All other miscellaneous bridge items not considered primary or secondary bridge members
607.02 Materials and Equipment.
607.02.01 Paint. Conform to Section 821.
607.02.02 Structural Steels. Conform to Section 812.
607.02.03 Miscellaneous Metals. Conform to Section 813 for pins and rollers; bearing
and expansion plates (rockers and expansion dams); aluminum; high-strength steel bolts, nuts, and washers; and welding. Use flat and smooth circular washers and square or rectangular beveled washers. Ensure that bolt dimensions conform to the heavy hexagon structural bolt requirements of ASME/ANSI 18.2.6 and Section 813. Ensure that nut dimensions conform to the heavy hexagon nut requirements of ASME/ANSI B18.2.2 and Section 813. Identify heavy hexagonal structural bolts, manufactured according to ASTM F3125 Grade A325, on the top of the head by 3 radial lines, the legend “A 325”, and the manufacturer’s mark. Identify Grade 2H nuts on at least one face by the marking “2H” or “2HB”, and Grade DH by the marking “DH”. Ensure that all nuts bear the manufacturer’s identification mark. Heavy hexagonal structural bolts have shorter thread lengths than other standard bolts. Depending on the amount of bolt length added to adjust for incremental stock lengths, the full thread may extend into the grip as much as 3/8 inch for the following bolt sizes; 1/2 inch, 5/8 inch, 3/4 inch, 7/8 inch, 1 1/4 inch and 1 1/2 inch, and as much as 1/2 inch for the following bolt sizes; one inch, 1 1/8 inch, and 1 3/8 inch. The fabricator may include some of the thread run-out into the plane of the sh ear. When the thickness of an outside part adjacent to the nut is less than these values, the fabricator may use the next increment of bolt length together with a sufficient number of flat circular washers to ensure full seating of the nut.
607.02.04 Wrenches. Use manual or power torque wrenches. Use power wrenches
of adequate capacity and of sufficient air supply to perform the required tightening of bolts in approximately 10 seconds.
607.02.05 Direct Tension Indicators. Use direct tension indicators conforming to
ASTM F 959. Determine correct bolt tension by examining the gap between the washer and bolt head remaining after tightening. 607-1
Source: Kentucky Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 339–348 of 718.