ITEM 608 WALKS, CURB RAMPS, AND STEPS
608.01 Description. This work consists of constructing walks, curb ramps, and steps as per plans,
specifications and standard drawings.
608.02 Materials. Furnish materials conforming to:
Aggregate Base ............. 304.01 and 304.02 Asphalt concrete Type 1 ....................... 441 Concrete, Class QC Misc. or QC 1[1][2] 499 Reinforcing steel .............................. 509.02 Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete ...................... 705.07 Concrete Sealers, non-epoxy ....... 705.23.B Crushed aggregate meeting grading requirements of ............... 703.10 Detectable Warning Devices............ 712.14 Expansion joint material .................. 705.03 [1] Replacing Coarse aggregate in the concrete mixes with Recycled Concrete Aggregate conforming to Supplement 1117 is an option. [2] Provide Concrete Cylinder Cure Box according to 511.04.
608.03 Concrete Walks. Construct concrete walks as follows:
A.Excavation. Excavate to the required depth and to a width that allows installation and bracing of forms. Shape and uniformly compact the subgrade to a surface conforming to the plans.
B.Forms. Use either fixed forms or slip-form methods. For fixed-form construction, use wooden or metal forms that extend the full depth of the concrete and that do not spring under the concrete pressure. For slip-form construction, perform the work according to 609.04.C.
C.Placing and Finishing . Immediately before placing concrete, thoroughly moisten the subgrade. Deposit concrete in a single layer, strike it off with a template, and smooth it with a float to obtain a sandy texture. Do not plaster the concrete. Use a 1/4 inch (6 mm) radius edging tool to edge all outside edges and joints. Divide the surface of the walks into equally spaced rectangular blocks at approximately 5 foot (1.5 m) intervals. Saw or form transverse joints to a depth of not less than one - fourth the thickness of the slab an d to a width of approximately 1/8 inch (3 mm). Install 1/2 inch (13 mm) thick expansion joint filler between the walk and any fixed structure that extends the full depth of the walk. Install 1 inch (25 mm) thick expansion joint filler between the walk and the back of curb that is on a 250 foot (75 m) or smaller radius, such as at street intersections. Follow Item 511.12 for concrete placement during cold weather conditions.
D.Slope. Construct the surface of the walk with a maximum transverse slope rate of 0.02 and with the low side adjacent to the roadway.
E.Curing and Treating. Cure concrete according to Item 451.11.
608.04 Asphalt Concrete Walks. Construct asphalt concrete walks as follows:
A.Excavation and Forms. Excavate and construct forms according to 608.03.A and 608.03.B.
B.Base. Place and thoroughly compact aggregate base in layers not exceeding 4 inches (100 mm) in depth.
C.Asphalt Placement and Compaction. Place asphalt concrete in one or more courses to provide the required depth. Compact using a hand roller or power roller of a type and weight acceptable to the Engineer.
608.05 Crushed Aggregate Walks. Construct crushed aggregate walks as follows:
A.Excavation. Excavate according to 608.03.A.
B.Forms. Construct forms of wood or metal of acceptable rigidity and to the depth of the necessary loose material. Back forms with compacted soil to the height of the completed walk.
C.Aggregate Placement and Compaction. Place aggregate in one or more courses to provide the required depth. Compact using equipment of a type and weight acceptable to the Engineer.
608.06 Concrete Steps. Construct concrete steps as follows:
A.Excavation and Forms. Excavate and construct forms according to 608.03.A and 608.03.B.
C.Slope. Slope step treads at a rate of 0.01 and toward the next lower step.
D.Curing and Treating. Cure and treat steps according to 608.03.E.
E.Railing. If specified, install hand railing according to Item 517.
608.07 Curb Ramps. Excavate, form, place, finish, and cure according to 608.03.A, 608.03.B,
608.03 C, and 608.03.E. Finish ramps to a rougher final surface texture than the adjacent walk and with
striations transverse to the ramp slope using a coarse broom or other method approved by the Engineer. Provide detectable warning devices conforming to 712.14 in curb ramps. Install the detectable warning devices according to manufacturer’s written recommendations and standard drawings. Provide a warranty to conform with the requirements of 712.14. Provide the manufacturer’s written installation instructions and the 5 year warranty to the Engineer at or before the pre-construction meeting.
608.08 Method of Measurement. The Department will measure Concrete Walk, Asphalt
Concrete Walk, and Aggregate Walk by the number of square feet (square meters) of finished surface, complete in place. The Department will measure curb ramps by the number of square feet (square meters) completed. The Department will measure detectable warnings in existing curb ramps and at grade crossings by the number of square feet (square meters) completed. The Department will measure Concrete Steps by the number of feet (meters), along the front edge of each tread. Where steps are constructed with integral walls, the Department will include the thickness of the integral walls with the tread width measurement.
608.09 Basis of Payment. Payment for walks, curb ramps, detectable warnings, and steps is full
compensation for excavation, backfill, concrete cutting/sawing, base course material, reinforcing steel, hand railing, expansion joint materials, and any incidentals required to comple te the installation as specified. The Department will pay for accepted quantities at the contract prices as follows: Item Unit Description 608 Square Foot Concrete Walk (Square Meter) 608 Square Foot Asphalt Concrete Walk (Square Meter) 608 Square Foot Aggregate Walk (Square Meter) 608 Square Foot Curb Ramp (Square Meter) 608 Square Foot Detectable Warning (Square Meter) 608 Foot (Meter) Concrete Steps
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Source: Construction and Material Specifications, 2023 (rev. 7/17/2026) Edition. Pages 461–464 of 892. View official source ↗