613.08 522 613.08 Placing Mortar. Unless specifically shown on the plans, do not place the mortar within 3 feet (1 m) of the s ubgrade elevation. Discharge the flowable material from the mixer by any reasonable means into the space of the plan intended usage. Bring the fill material up uniformly to the fill line shown on the plans. The Contractor may begin placing the other fill m aterial over low strength mortar backfill material as soon as the surface water is gone. The Engineer reserves the right to reject the mix if a flowable mixture is not produced. Before placing the low strength mortar backfill as backfill for 611 Conduit, s ecure the conduit to prevent it from floating during placement of the flowable material.
613.09 Method of Measurement. The Department will measure Low Strength
Mortar Backfill by the number of cubic yards (cubic meters) completed and accepted in place, com puted from the plan lines. The Department will not pay additional compensation for over excavated areas or for a change in the material blends.
613.10 Basis of Payment. The Department will pay for accepted quantities at
the contract prices as follows: Item Unit Description 613 Cubic Yard Low Strength Mortar Backfill (Cubic Meter) 613 Cubic Yard Low Strength Mortar Backfill (Cubic Meter) (Type ___) ITEM 614 MAINTAINING TRAFFIC
614.01 Description
614.02 Traffic Facilities
614.03 Traffic Control – Gene ral
614.035 Storage of Equipment, Vehicle and Material on Highway Rights of Way
614.04 Work Zone Marking Signs
614.05 Road Closed
614.055 Surface Condition Signs
614.06 Detour Signing
614.07 Traffic Maintained
614.08 Flaggers
614.09 Law Enforcement Officer
614.10 Work Zone Traffic Signals
614.11 Work Zone Pavement Markings
614.115 Work Zone Raised Pavement Markers
614.12 Pavement Marking Operations
614.13 Asphalt Concrete for Maintaining Traffic
614.14 Performance
614.15 Method of Measurement
614.16 Basis of Payment
614.01 523 614.01 Description . This work consists of maintaining and protecting vehicular, bicycle and pedestrian traffic according to these provisions. For through traffic, the Special Provisions or the plans will designate whether the highway will be cl osed with detours, roads and run -arounds provided or whether traffic will be maintained through all or portions of the project.
614.02 Traffic Facilities . Construct and maintain facilities for vehicular, bicycle,
and pedestrian traffic of the highway, incl uding all walks, bicycle lanes, roads, bridges, culverts, and traffic control devices. The Department will maintain public highways used as a detour beyond the work limits of the contract.
A.For local traffic, provide and safely maintain drives, roads, r un-arounds, walks, structures, and other facilities. Provide safe vehicular, bicycle, and pedestrian ingress and egress for all property adjacent to any improvement. Provide approaches and crossings of intersecting highways, bicycle lanes, and maintain the m in a safe condition. Maintenance includes snow and ice removal as needed.
B.When the highway under construction is being used by through traffic, including periods of suspension of the Work, maintain it so that it is smooth, free from potholes, ruts, r idges, bumps, and other pavement deficiencies. Furnish proper maintenance of traffic facilities and proper provisions for traffic control as per
105.14 For the portions of highway being used, provide the necessary outlets to
allow free drainage. Maintain pipe trenches or other openings left in hard surface pavements with material of comparable quality. Contractor maintenance responsibilities, including pothole patching begins for a section of highway when the Contractor begins the Work in that section and ends with the acceptance of the Work under 109.11 or 109.12. The two directions of a divided highway are considered separate highway sections and the start of Work on one direction does not begin maintenance responsibilities on the other direction.
C.Rem ove from the Project as necessary, abrasives and salt residues left by Department or local government snow and ice control operations.
D.Ensure positive drainage into structures that have inlet windows without grates during pavement overlay operations wh en traffic will be maintained on a pavement course lower than the inlet window. Provide a minimum of 2 inch (50 mm) holes spaced at 2 feet (0.6 m) or a minimum of three 4 inch (100 mm) holes spaced at 4 feet (1.2 m) drilled into the vertical wall of the ex isting drainage structure below the inlet window. Place steel or iron plating of at least ¼ inch (6 mm) thickness that completely covers the drilled holes prior to construction of the finished pavement course.
614.03 Traffic Control General . Conform to the requirements of the plan,
standard construction drawings shown on the plans, and the OMUTCD, for the installation, maintenance, and operation of all traffic controls and traffic control devices. When the plans or standard construction drawings do not cove r a specific traffic control situation, place the necessary traffic control devices according to the OMUTCD and use the procedures required by the OMUTCD. Ensure all individuals contracted by, secured by, directed by or employed by the contractor wh om are involved in the development, design, implementation, operation, inspection and enforcement of work zone related transportation 614.03 524 management and traffic control have been trained appropriate to the job decisions each individual is required to make. Rep eat training in intervals of no more than 5 years to reflect changing practices. Designate a trained person at the project level that has the primary responsibility and sufficient authority for implementing and maintaining the Transportation Management Pl an (TMP) and other safety and mobility aspects of the project. For information and requirements regarding TMPs and related components see ODOT Traffic Management in Work Zones Policy (21 -008(P)) and Standard Procedure (123-001(SP)). Maintain a 24 hr contac t for the designated trained person and provide this contact information to the Engineer at the preconstruction conference. The designated trained person shall be present on site for, and involved with, each temporary traffic control set up/take down and e ach phase change. For projects with a Worksite Traffic Supervisor (WTS) the designated trained person shall be the WTS. Furnish cones, drums, portable sign supports, Type 3 barricades, portable changeable message signs, arrow boards, and impact attenuators that are pre - qualified according to the Department’s Approved List. Furnish cones, drums, signs, sign supports, barricades and other traffic control devices that are certified to meet NCHRP 350 or MASH Test Level 3: Do not use heavy non -yielding devices o r supports that are not crashworthy. Use Type G, H or J reflective sheeting complying with 730.19, 730.192 and 730.193, respectively, for faces of construction signs, barricades, vertical panels, object markers, and stripes on glare screen panels. In addi tion, the Contractor may also use Type G sheeting referred to as damage control for these devices, provided it meets 730.19. Use fluorescent orange reflective sheeting for all orange construction signs, object markers, and stripes on glare screen paddles. Use standard orange or fluorescent orange reflective sheeting for the orange portions of drums, cones, barricades and vertical panels. Furnish orange drums with reboundable reflective sheeting complying with the requirements of 730.191 and in conformance w ith the OMUTCD. Drums of colors other than orange shall not be permitted on the project . Ensure that owner identification markings on construction drums are no more than 1 inch (25 mm) in character height and are located at least 2 inches (50 mm) below the reflectorized bands or on the top or bottom horizontal surfaces of the drum. Ballast the drums according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Furnish traffic cones consisting of a highly visible orange predominant color. Traffic cones of colors other th an highly visible orange shall not be permitted on the project. Ensure that the pavement markings for traffic maintenance conform to Item 640. Furnish warning signs in advance of channelizing devices such as barricades, drums, vertical panels, and cones. Furnish object markers that are a minimum size of 6 x 12 inches and that consists of reflective sheeting adhered to an aluminum or plastic plate . 614.03 525 Keep retroreflective materials clean and in good condition. Equip all project motor vehicles with photo strobe lights, LED warning lights, or rotating beacons meeting Class 1 specifications for color and intensity as defined by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE). Photo strobe lights, LED warning lights, or rotating beacons shall be horizontally visibl e from all directions (360 degrees) at a distance of 100 feet minimum. In order to ensure this visibility, the light shall in no way be obstructed from view by any signs or appurtenances on the vehicle. Activate the photo strobe lights, LED warning lights , or rotating beacons and all hazard lights anytime the vehicle is entering, exiting or operating in a traveled lane at a speed less than the posted speed within the limits of the work zone or one mile of either end of the work zone. In addition, equip al l project motor vehicles and trailers having a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or greater, in single or combination, with conspicuity tape. Also, delineate all NCHRP 350 Category IV equipment (arrow boards, portable changeable message signs, e tc.) with conspicuity tape. Conspicuity Tape: Use red and white, Type G, H, or J retroreflective sheeting that complies with 730.19, 730.192, and 730.193.
A.Apply one 2 inch wide (minimum) horizontal stripe of Type G, H, or J retroreflective sheeting to a minimum of 50 percent of the length of each side of the payload portion of the motor vehicle, rearward from the back of the cab, NCHRP 350 Category IV equipment and trailers. Space lengths of tape evenly over the length of the payload portion of the mot or vehicle rearward from the back of the cab, NCHRP 350 Category IV equipment, and trailers. The centerline for each strip of retroreflective sheeting shall be between 15 inches and 60 inches above the road surface when measured with the vehicle empty or u nladen, or as close as practicable to this area.
B.Outline the lower rear facing area of the motor vehicle, NCHRP 350 Category IV equipment, and trailers with 2 inch wide (minimum) horizontal stripe of Type G, H, or J retroreflective sheeting. Apply the lower horizontal markings extending the width of the motor vehicle, NCHRP 350 Category IV equipment, and trailer as close as practical to the edge of the motor vehicle, NCHRP 350 Category IV equipment, and trailer. The centerline for each strip of lower ho rizontal retroreflective sheeting shall be between 15 inches and 72 inches above the road surface when measured with the vehicle empty or unladen, or as close as practicable to this area.
C.Outline the upper rear facing area with two pairs of strips of 2 -inch wide (minimum) retroreflective Type G, H, or J sheeting, each pair consisting of strips 12 inches long, must be positioned horizontally and vertically on the right and left upper corners of the rear of the body of each motor vehicle or trailer, as clo se as practicable to the top of the motor vehicle or trailer and as far apart as practicable. If the perimeter of the body, as viewed from the rear, is not square or rectangular, the strips may be applied along the perimeter, as close as practicable to the uppermost and outermost areas of the rear of the motor vehicle or trailer on the left and right sides. 614.04 526 Escort transport or delivery vehicles without proper photo strobe lights, LED warning lights, or rotating beacons or conspicuity tape to and from the wo rk zone only with the approval of the Engineer. This exception is intended for limited use at the discretion of the Engineer and will only be considered following a written request by the Contractor . Otherwise, equip all project vehicles with photo strobe lights, LED warning lights, or rotating beacons and conspicuity tape as described herein. All temporary traffi c control devices shall conform to the Quality Standards for Temporary Traffic Control Devices and Acceptable Delineation Methods for Vehicles. 614.035 Storage of Equipment , Vehicle and Material on Highway Rights of Way . Unless otherwise permitted by the Engineer, locate all equipment, vehicles, and material stored or parked on highway rights -of-way:
A.At least 6 feet behind the face of Existing Barrier and not within the 75 foot long by 20 foot wide Recovery Area behind the Existing Barr ier run, or;
B.Not less than 30 feet from the nearest edge of the traveled way, or;
C.At least 6 feet behind raised curbs. Additionally, at night, encompass any such equipment, vehicles or material with drums, equipped with Type A warning lights, spac ed at 5 feet on center. For locations with traffic approaching from more than one direction or side (e.g., medians, between mainline and ramps, etc.), ensure the requirements are met for all traffic approaches. Existing Barrier, for purposes of 614.035 o nly, includes and is limited to: existing permanent guardrail, existing concrete barrier, temporary or new permanent guardrail installed in accordance with the plans, temporary portable barrier installed in accordance with the plans, or new permanent concr ete barrier installed in accordance with the plans. Other types of barrier not listed, such as cable barrier, are excluded as a means of protecting drivers from stored equipment, vehicles and material on highway rights -of-way. Recovery Area, for purposes of 614.035, shall have slopes 3:1 or flatter and be free of workers, hazards, equipment, vehicles, drop -offs, and material storage. The Recovery Area length is to begin at the terminus of the Existing Barrier run. Any gating impact attenuator length shall not be included as part of the Recovery Area length.
614.04 Work Zone Marking Signs. Furnish, install, maintain, and
subsequently remove work zone marking signs and their supports within the work limits according to the following requirements:
A.Erect a N O EDGE LINES sign in advance of any section of roadway lacking OMUTCD standard edge line markings. Ensure these signs are in place before opening the roadway to traffic. Erect these signs on each entrance ramp, 25 to 200 feet beyond the far shoulder or curb line of intersecting through roads to warn entering or turning traffic of the conditions, and at least once every 2 miles (3 km) along the roadway. Remove these signs when they no longer apply . 614.05 527 B. Erect a DO NOT PASS sign at the beginn ing and a PASS WITH CARE sign at the end of each no passing zone lacking OMUTCD standard center line markings.
614.05 Road Closed. When the highway is closed to traffic, furnish, erect,
maintain, and subsequently remove advanced warning signs and supports, barricades, ROAD CLOSED signs on the barricades, and Type B yellow flashing lights at the following locations:
A.Work limits of the project.
B.Work limits on all intersecting roads.
C.Any other points specified in the Contract. Throughout construction, furnish, erect, maintain, and subsequently remove all signs, lights, barricades and other traffic control devices required by the OMUTCD, plans, or standard construction drawings for the maintenance of local traffic. 614.055 Surface Condition Signs . Erect a GROOVED PAVEMENT sign 250 feet (75 m) in advance of any section of roadway where traffic must travel on a planed surface. Ensure these signs are in place before opening the roadway to traffic. Erect these signs on each entrance ramp and at intersections of through roads to warn entering or turning traffic of the conditions. Payment for these signs to be included in Item 614 Maintaining Traffic.
614.06 Detour Signing.
A.Department Detour Signing. When the Contract Documents do not require the Contractor to furnish the signing for designated detour routes, the Department will furnish, erect, maintain, and subsequently remove the detour routing signs and supports required on the designated detour highways outside the Project.
B.Contractor Detour Signing. When the Contract Documents provide a pay item for Detour Signing and the plans provide a detour -signing plan, provide, maintain, and subsequently remove all required detour signing and supports according to the detour signing plan.
614.07 Traffic Maintaine d. Where the highway under construction is being
used by through traffic, including periods of suspension of the work, furnish and maintain pavement markings, lights, construction signs, barricades, guardrail, sign supports, and such other traffic control devices. Maintain pre -existing roadside safety hardware at an equivalent or better level than existed prior to project implementation. Also, provide law enforcement officers, watchmen, and flaggers as necessary to maintain safe traffic conditions within th e work limits as directed by the Engineer. The Department will furnish and erect regulatory signs and guide signs, unless otherwise shown on the plans, within the work limits on all traffic maintained projects. The Contractor is responsible for maintenance of these signs. The Engineer will approve the erection and removal of any regulatory signs not shown on the plans. Keep existing signs including 630.09 Specific Service and Tourist -Oriented Directional Signs and traffic control devices in use within the w ork limits during the construction period unless otherwise indicated on the plans. If existing signs and 614.08 528 other traffic control devices must be relocated or modified as a consequence of the work, provide suitable supports and modify the devices with prior a pproval of the Engineer and the concurrence of the maintaining agency. Keep existing STOP or YIELD signs functioning at all times. The Contractor may adjust the position of these signs with the Engineer’s approval. Relocate existing signs that must be adjusted laterally according to the OMUTCD. Restore relocated or modified signs to the position and condition that existed before construction as directed by the Engineer. When signs are to be covered, provide an opaque covering that covers the entire message, symbol and all of the sign within the border. Do not use fastenings that damage the sign or reflective face; however, the Contractor may use rivets to attach rigid overlay panels. Do not apply adhesive tapes directly to the face of the sign. When an exist ing signal operation must be interrupted for a period of time, provide a traffic control method approved by the Engineer. Whenever it is necessary to divert the flow of traffic from its normal channel into another channel, clearly mark the channel for such diverted traffic with cones, drums, barricades, vertical panels, pavement markings, or arrow boards. Also use this method of marking where working adjacent to the part of the highway in use by the public. Obtain the approval of the Engineer before closing a traffic lane or establishing a one-way traffic operation.
614.08 Flaggers . Whenever one -way traffic is established, use at least two
flaggers unless the Engineer authorizes otherwise, and erect signs, cones, barricades, and other traffic control devices according to the OMUTCD. Reflectorize traffic control devices as previously noted. Maintain positive and quick means of communication between the flaggers at the opposite ends of the restricted area. Equip flaggers according to the standards for flagging traffic contained in the OMUTCD. During a flagging operation, other than an intersection or a spot location best controlled by a single flagger, ensure that each flagger uses a STOP/SLOW paddle conforming to the OMUTCD. Mount the paddle on top of a 6 1/2 foot (2 m) handle. Ensure that each face of the paddle is made of Type G reflective sheeting meeting the requirements of 730.19. While flagging, do not allow flaggers to perform other work activities. The Contractor may, instead of using flaggers, or suppl emental to them, furnish, install, maintain and operate a traffic signal or signals, for the purpose of regulating traffic according to a written agreement approved by the Engineer. The Contractor may (supplemental to using flaggers) furnish, install, main tain and operate automated flagger assistance devices (AFADs) with incidental items, for the purpose of assisting the flagger(s) in regulating traffic according to a written agreement approved by the Engineer. AFADs shall be furnished per the Department’s Approved List and shall be used in accordance with Supplemental Specification 830.
614.09 Law Enforcement Officer. When shown on the plans, furnish the
services of a law enforcement officer and patrol car equipped with flashing lights. 614.10 529 614.10 Work Zone Tra ffic Signals . If shown on the plans, furnish, erect, maintain, and subsequently remove signal equipment conforming to Items 632 and 732, and signal controller equipment of a proper type and capacity to provide the required operation. Furnish and install Un interruptible Power Supplies (UPS) conforming to 733.09. Subject to the Engineer’s approval, the Contractor may use new equipment that is to be installed later on the project, or may install used equipment in good condition provided such used equipment mee ts current Department specifications. The performance test in 632.28 and the working drawing requirements of 632.04 are waived. Recondition used equipment as necessary to ensure proper operation. Operate work zone traffic signals conforming to the requirem ents of the OMUTCD and subject to the approval of the Engineer. Procure and pay for electric power for work zone traffic signals. Do not alter the operation of an approved work zone traffic signal without the Engineer’s approval. Correct any malfunctions o r failures without delay. Cover or remove work zone traffic signals not in use.
614.11 Work Zone Pavement Markings . Furnish, install, maintain, and, when
necessary, remove work zone retroreflective pavement markings on existing, reconstructed, resurfaced o r temporary roads within the work limits, according to the following requirements.
A.Acceptability and Expected Duration. The Engineer will evaluate the markings according to the performance parameters contained in Supplement 1047 , Appendices C, D and E. Repair or replace the markings when the numerical rating is six or lower for Daytime Color (Appendix C), or a composite rating of 6 or lower for Night Visibility (Appendix D), or five or low er for Durability (Appendix E). Repair or replace unsatisfactory markings immediately and at no additional cost to the Department, if the markings were in place for 120 calendar days or less. The Department will compensate under the applicable contract pa y item for work zone pavement marking for the ordered replacement of worn markings after 120 calendar days under traffic.
B.Work Zone Marking Specifications . Equip traffic paint striping equipment for Class I and Class III markings with a computerized Dat a Logging System (DLS) conforming to 641.04 when the length of marking exceeds 0.5 miles (0.8 km) of continuous line equivalent. Furnish the Engineer daily, biweekly and final DLS reports according to 641.04. Unless otherwise shown on the plans, the Contr actor may use 740.02 Type 1 or Type 1A paint or 740.06 Type I or Type II preformed material for work zone pavement markings. Furnish painted markings according to Item 642 except that:
1.For Class I or Class II work zone pavement markings, use the specifi ed application rate from Table 614.11 -1. 614.11 530 TABLE 614.11 -1 Type of Pavement Marking Line Width (inch) 4 6 8 12 Gallon per Mile of Line Solid Line 22 33 44 66 10-foot Dashed Line 5.5 8.25 -- -- 4-foot Dashed Line 2.2 3.3 -- -- Dotted Line 7.3 10.95 -- -- Arrows, Symbols, and Words 1.4 gallons per 100 square feet Glass Beads: 740.09, Type A 15 pounds per 100 square feet TABLE 614.11 -1M Type of Pavement Marking Line Width (mm) 100 150 200 300 Liter per Kilometer of Line Solid Line 52 78 105 157 3.0 m Dashed Line 13 19.5 -- -- 1.2 m Dashed Line 5.2 7.8 -- -- Dotted Line 17.3 25.95 -- -- Arrows, Symbols, and Words 0.6 liters per square meter Glass Beads: 740.09, Type A 7.3 kg per square meter
2.For Class III work zone markings, use the specified application rate from Table 614.11 -2. TABLE 614.11 -2 Type of Pavement Marking Line Width (inch) 4 6 8 12 Gallon per Mile of Line Solid Line 12 18 24 36 10-foot Dashed Line 3 4.5 -- -- Dotted Line 4 6 -- -- Arrows, Symbols, and Words 0.75 gallons per 100 square feet Glass Beads: 740.09, Type A 7.5 pounds per 100 square feet TABLE 614.11 -2M Type of Pavement Marking Line Width (mm) 100 150 200 300 Liter per Kilometer of Line Solid Line 28 42 56 84 3.0 m Dashed Line 7 10.5 -- -- Dotted Line 9.4 14.1 -- -- Arrows, Symbols, and Words 0.3 liters per square meter Glass Beads: 740.09, Type A 3.7 kg per square meter Ensure that Type I and II preformed material conform to 740.06, except do not place any preformed material containing metal on any surface unless it will be 614.11 531 removed later. Remove work zone pavement markings of 740.06 preformed material before placement of 642 or 644 surface course markings at that location. Ensure that preformed material conforms to Item 645.
C.Work Sequence . Ensure that work zone markings are complete and in place on all pavement, including ramps, before exposing the pavement to traffic. When work zone markings conflict with the traffic pattern, remove them according to 641.10.
D.Layout and Premarking. Layout and premark all Class I and Class III Markings according to 641.06. Obtain the Engineer’s approval of the layout and premarking lin es before marking operations are started.
E.Tolerances . Place lines for final surfaces according to the tolerances of
641.07 On surfaces other than final, the Department will allow tolerances twice that
in 641.07.
F.Classes of Work Zone Pavement Marking s.
1.Class I Markings (Full Pattern, Full Rate). Use Class I Markings on all surfaces exposed to traffic for more than 14 days prior to application of final markings and to over -winter the project, with the following exception: Do not use Class I Markings on a surface course if thermoplastic, spray thermoplastic or epoxy final markings are to be applied to the surface course. If thermoplastic, spray thermoplastic or epoxy final markings are to be applied to the surface course, use Class III Markings on tha t course. Apply Class I work zone markings to the standard dimensions as defined in Item 641, except as follows:
a.Edge Lines. Class I edge lines shall match existing edge line in width, 4 or 6 inches (100 or 150 mm).
b.Lane Lines. Class I lane lines shall match existing lane line in width, 4 or 6 inches (100 or 150 mm).
c.Channelizing Lines. Class I channelizing lines shall match existing channelizing line in width, 8 or 12 inches (200 or 300 mm).
2.Class II Markings (Abbreviated, Full Rate). Use Class II Markings for short -term use when traffic is to be maintained in parallel lanes nominally in the same location as permanent lanes and where tapers or transitions are not required or other features will not likely divert traffic from the intended path. Class II Markings are limited to center lines, lane lines and gore markings defined as follows:
a.Center Lines. Class II center lines consist of single, yellow 4 -inch (100 mm) wide by a minimum of 4 feet (1.2 m) long dashes spaced at a maximum of 40 feet (12.0 m) intervals. No Passing Zones must be marked with Class I or Class III Markings or final markings within 3 calendar days according to 614.11.H.1. Passing Zones must be marked with Class I or Class III M arkings or final markings within 14 calendar days according to 614.11.H.2.
b.Lane Lines. Class II lane lines shall be white and shall match existing lane lines in width, 4 or 6 inches (100 or 150 mm), by a minimum of 4 feet (1.2 m) lo ng dashes spaced at a maximum of 40 feet (12.0 m) intervals. Class II Lane 614.11 532 Line Markings must be marked with Class I or Class III Markings or final markings within 14 calendar days according to 614.11. H. 3 .
c.Gore Markings. Class II gore markings are con tinuous, white 24- inch ( 600 mm) wide lines in a chevron crosshatched pattern placed within the theoretical gore of an exit ramp or diverging roadways. Class II Gore Markings must be marked with Class I or Class III Markings or final markings within 14 calendar days according to 614.11.H.3 . Computerized Data Logging Systems (DLS) are not required for Class II Markings.
3.Class III Markings (Full Pattern, Low Rate). Use Class III Markings on surface courses that are expected to receive thermoplastic, spray thermoplastic or epoxy final markings within 30 days. Class III Markings use a lower application rate which reduces the surface preparation needed prior to application of thermoplastic, spray thermoplastic or epoxy final markings. If Class III Markings have been applied and weather conditions are expected to prevent thermoplastic, spray t hermoplastic or epoxy final markings application for 30 days or more, re -apply Class III Markings (if thermoplastic, spray thermoplastic or epoxy final markings application is expected to occur within 30 days ) or apply Class I Markings as necessary to carr y the project through the season or over the winter. Apply Class III work zone markings to the standard dimensions as defined in Item 641 except as follows :
a.Edge Lines. Class III edge lines shall match existing edge line in width, 4 or 6 inches (100 or 150 mm).
b.Lane Lines. Class III lane lines shall match existing lane line in width, 4 or 6 inches (100 or 150 mm).
c.Channelizing Lines. Class III channelizing lines shall match the existing channelizing line in width, 8 or 12 inches (200 or 300 mm).
G.Conflicting Markings. Conflicting markings are considered to be any markings not actively in use, not behind channelizing devices or portable barrier and/or could be misinterpreted by the traveling public or cause c onfusion to the driver as determined by the engineer. Before placing work zone markings, remove or cover all conflicting existing markings visible to the traveling public.
1.Removal and Covering of Markings .
a.Removal Methods. Remove the markings so that less than 5% of the line remains visible. Repair damage to the pavement that results in the removal of more than 1/8 inch of pavement thickness. Use sand, shot, or water blasting to remove markings on all asphalt or concrete pavement surfaces. Use only sand, shot, or water blasting for removal of all pavement markings in preparation for placing Item 422 Chip Seal or Item 421 Microsurfacing. A grinder may only be used to remove markings on temporary pavement or pavement that will be covered or removed pr ior to project completion (e.g., 614.11 533 intermediate asphalt course). When a grinder drum is mounted to a skid steer loader, the drum must be able to accommodate a minimum of 150 teeth .
b.Covering Conflicting Markings. With the Engineer’s approval, use removable , non -reflective, preformed blackout tape to cover conflicting markings. Remove or replace the blackout tape within 15 days of installation. Furnish products according to the Departments Qualified Products List (QPL).
2.Raised Pavement Markers. Remove the prismatic retro -reflector within any raised pavement marker that is in conflict with the work zone pavement markings. When the work zone pavement markings are removed and the raised pavement marker is no longer in conflict, thoroughly clean the recessed reflector attachment area of the casting and install a new prismatic retro -reflector of the same kind and color. The cost for this work is incidental to the various pay items.
H.Allowable Duration of Work Zone Markings.
1.No Passing Zones. When existing permanent no -passing -zone markings are removed or obliterated as the result of a construction operation (pavement grinding, asphalt concrete pavement overlays, etc.) and the section of pavement continues to be used by the traveling public, place Class I Ce nter Line Markings or final center line markings as specified by the plan within 3 Calendar Days unless thermoplastic, spray thermoplastic or epoxy final markings are to be applied on the surface course. If thermoplastic, spray thermoplastic or epoxy final markings are to be applied on the surface course, place Class III Center Line Markings or final center line markings as specified in the plan within 3 Calendar Days.
a.Subsequent Work in No Passing Zones. If, after the original markings are removed or o bliterated, the Contractor returns to the subject no passing zone and places a plan -specified pavement course within the 3 -Calendar Day limit, or performs work in preparation for a subsequent pavement course, the Contractor shall have temporarily satisfied the conditions of the previous paragraph. In this event, the 3 -Calendar Day limit will begin again.
b.Liquidated Damages. For each Calendar Day beyond 3 days that this work remains incomplete, the Department will assess liquidated damages in the amount o f $1000 per Calendar Day. The Department will treat the time for the completion of no -passing -zone markings as an interim Completion Date.
2.Passing Zones . Sections of pavement where passing is permitted in both directions must be marked with Class I Cent er Line Markings or final center line markings as specified by the plan within 14 Calendar Days unless thermoplastic, spray thermoplastic or epoxy final markings are to be applied on the surface course. If thermoplastic, spray thermoplastic or epoxy final markings are to be applied on the surface course, place Class III Center Line Markings or final center line markings as specified in the plan within 14 Calendar Days.
3.Allowable Duration of Class II Lane Lines and Gore Markings and Absence of Edge lines. Any time existing permanent lane lines, gore markings, or edge lines have been removed or obliterated as the result of a construction operation (pavement grinding, asphalt pavement overlays, pavement widening, etc.) and the section of pavement continues t o be used by the traveling public, place Class I Markings or final markings as specified by the plan within 14 Calendar Days unless 614.12 534 thermoplastic, spray thermoplastic or epoxy final markings are to be applied on the surface course. If thermoplastic, spray thermoplastic or epoxy final markings are to be applied on the surface course, place Class III Markings or final markings as specified in the plan within 14 Calendar Days.
a.Subsequent Work. If, after the original markings are removed or obliterated, the Contractor returns to the subject section of pavement and places a plan-specified pavement course within the 14 -Calendar Day limit, or performs specified work that requires a lane closure (except routine maintenance required by 614.02), the Contractor sha ll have temporarily satisfied the conditions of the previous paragraph. In this event, the 14 -Calendar Day limit will begin again.
b.Liquidated Damages. For each Calendar Day beyond 14 days that this work remains incomplete, the Department will assess liq uidated damages in the amount of $1000 per Calendar Day. The Department will treat time for the completion of these markings as an interim Completion Date.
1.Continuous Project. If a section of pavement is in a continuous part of the project, then a new 14-day limit for renewed work on a section applies to all sections in that part.
2.Project in Sections. If the project is in parts and the traveling public could not discern the parts as one continuous project, then a new 14 -day limit in one part will no t apply to the other parts.
3.Freeways and Divided Highways. Treat the two directional sides of a freeway as separate parts. Work on one side of a freeway does not create a new 14 -day limit for the other side.
I.Removal of Work Zone Markings . Remove work zone retroreflective pavement markings when necessary. Accomplish removal of work zone pavement marking by using removal methods specified in 614.11G.1.a for removal of existing markings. 614.115 Work Zone Raised Pavement Markers . Furnish, install, maintain and subsequently remove work zone raised pavement markers (WZRPMs). Work zone raised pavement markers may serve as a substitute for, or supplement to, work zone pavement markings. They are provided in both yellow and white versions to match the ap propriate pavement marking color. White units provide reflectorization in one direction while yellow units may provide reflectorization in either one direction or two. They are available as units which are readily visible both night and day as a result of retroreflectors and brightly colored (white or yellow) housing (Type A) or visible only at night due to their retroreflectors (Type B).
A.Materials. Furnish materials according to the Department’s Approved List. Only use adhesives that are recommended by the reflector manufacturer and are not epoxy. Provide markers of sufficient strength and properly shaped so as not to be dislodged or broken by impacts from vehicle tires, including those of high pressure truck tires loaded to 4500 pounds (2040 kilograms) . 614.12 535 Provide reflectors having an area of 0.35 square inches (225 square millimeters) for Type A or 3.0 square inches (1935 square millimeters) for Type B with brightness or specific intensity (when tested at 0.2 degree angle of observation and the following angles of incidence) meet or exceed the following: WZRPM SPECIFIC INTEN SITY Type Incidence Angle White Yellow A 0 1.0 0.6 A 20 0.4 0.24 B 0 3.0 1.8 B 20 1.2 0.72 B 45 0.3 0.2 Angle of incidence: Formed by a ray from a light source to the marker and the normal to the leading edge of the marker face (also horizontal entrance angle) Angle of observation: Formed by a ray from a light source to the marker and the returned ray from the marker to the measuring receptor Specific intensity: The mean candlepow er of the reflected light (at given incidence and divergence angles) for each footcandle (10.7 lux) at the reflector (on a plane perpendicular to the incident light) Type A markers, when viewed from above, have a visible area of not less than 14 square inc hes (9030 square millimeters). When viewed from the front, parallel to the pavement, as from approaching traffic, Type A markers have a width of approximately 4 inches (100 mm) and a visible area of not less than 1.5 square inches (970 square millimeters).
B.Patterns. The patterns of WZRPMs required for the various types of pavement markings are shown in Table 614.115 -1. TABLE 614.115 -1 SUPPLEMENTAL DELINEA TION (TYPE A OR B) Type of Line Color Spacing Edge Line 1-way white or yellow 20' (6.0 m) c/c Lane Line 1-way white 40' (12.0 m) c/c or at center of gap Dashed Center Line 2-way yellow 40' (12.0 m) c/c or at center of gap Double Center Line 2-way yellow 2 units; 20' (6.1 m) c/c Channelizing Line 1-way white 10' (3.0 m) or 20' (6.0 m) c/c Exit Gore (Outline) 1-way white 10' (3.0 m) c/c 614.12 536 SIMULATED DELINEATIO N (TYPE A ONLY) Type of Line Color Spacing Edge Line 1-way white or yellow 10' (3.0 m) c/c Edge Line on 1 -Lane, 2-Way 1-way white and 1-way yellow white & yellow units back -to-back[2] 10' (3.0 m) Lane Line 1-way white 3 units at 5'(1.5 m) c/c 30'(9.0 m) gap Dashed Center Line 2-way yellow 3 units at 5'(1.5 m) c/c 30'(9.0 m) gap Double Center Line 2-way yellow 2 units[1]; 10' (3.0 m)c/c Channelizing Line 1-way white 5' (1.5 m) c/c Exit Gore (Outline) 1-way white 5' (1.5 m) c/c [1] Place units side by side about 4 inches (100 mm) apart. [2] Face the proper color and reflector to the oncoming traffic. Place the units back to back about one quarter inch (6.0 mm) apart.
C.Installation. Attach work zone raised pavement markers to clean, dry and sound pavement. Remove all loose gravel, sand and dirt from the area of the line. The minimum pavement temperature for installation is 50 F (10 C). When markers are being attached t o new concrete pavement with curing compound remaining, remove the curing compound membrane by sandblasting or other mechanical cleaning method. Install markers in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Work zone raised pavement markers are no t suitable for use from October 15 to April 1. If the Contractor elects to start or continue work zone pavement markers during this period, and they fail or are subsequently removed or destroyed by snow and ice control activities, immediately, at his expen se, provide a substitute traffic guidance system which is effective during day and night and which is acceptable to the Engineer. Other than for replacement of failed WZRPMs, new installations of WZRPMs are not permitted from October 1 to April 1. Place m arkers accurately to depict straight or uniformly curving lines. The longitudinal location of WZRPMs are described in Table 614.115 -1 except that the spacing of an individual WZRPM may be varied by as much as 2 feet (0.6 m) or 10 percent of the nominal spa cing in order to avoid poor pavement conditions, but the average spacing remains unchanged. Poor pavement conditions include separated joints, cracks, deteriorated pavement, usually uneven pavement or where pavement marking material will interfere with the bond. The lateral location of WZRPMs follows:
1.Edge Lines: Install the WZRPM 12 inches (300 mm) outside the work zone pavement marking, if any, or the theoretical edge of the lane. This offset may vary +6 inches (150 mm) as necessary to avoid poor pavem ent conditions.
2.Lane lines and dashed center lines: Install the WZRPM in the center of the gap between pavement marking dashes, if any. If a pavement joint exists, locate the marker approximately 2 inches (50 mm) clear from the joint (and to the left of it for lane lines). Otherwise, center the WZRPM on the theoretical edge of the lane. 614.12 537 3. Double center line: Install each WZRPM of the pair in line with the appropriate pavement marking stripe, if any. If the edge of lane is demarcated by a crack or joint, the pair of WZRPMs straddle the joint and install each approximately 2 inches (50 mm) clear from the joint. Otherwise center the pair on the theoretical edge of lane.
4.Channelizing Line: Install the WZRPM in line with the pavement marking stripe or imme diately adjacent to the line, except when used at exit gore outlines where the WZRPM is installed within the painted gore vee and approximately 12 inches (300 mm) from the pavement marking stripe. Do not install WZRPMs directly on a painted line.
D.Replac ement. Maintain WZRPMs in good condition. A marker will be considered to have failed when the marker is broken, the marker is worn to the extent that daytime visibility is significantly diminished or of an unacceptable color (type B only), the reflector is broken or detached, the marker is detached from the adhesive, the adhesive is detached from the pavement or the marker or reflector is covered by tar or paint. Individual replacement of each failed marker as it occurs is not recommended due to increased e xposure of workers to traffic. However, maintain the following minimum levels of marker effectiveness:
1.For a given line, no more than 20 percent of the WZRPM units failed in any manner;
2.For a segment of any line, the number of failed units does not e xceed the maximums permitted in Table 614.115 -2. TABLE 614.115 -2 Line Type Normal Spacing Feet (Meter) Segment Length Feet (Meter) Normal No. Contained In Segment Maximum No. Permitted To Fail Edge 10 (3.0) 20 (6.0) 5 (1.5) 100 (30.0) 6 3 Center, Double/Solid 20 (6.0) 10 (3.0) 100 (30.0) 50 (15.0) 12 6 Lane or Dashed Center 40 (12.0) 5 (1.5) 200 (60.0) 1-Stripe 6 3 Channelizing 20 (6.0) 10 (3.0) 5 (1.5) 100 (30.0) 50 (15.0) 25 (7.5) 6 3 Replace all failed units within any line or segment before conditions deteriorate below the minimums established in Table 614.115 -2. Replace all failed units within the line or segment within 24 hours after notification by the Engineer.
E.Removal. Accomplish removal of work zone raised pavement markers in such a manner that no adhesive remains on the pavement. Do not cause permanent pavement surfaces to be scarred, broken or significantly roughened.
614.12 Pavement Marking Operations. Perform moving marking operations
with a truck equipped with necessary fl ashers and signs, and protect the operations 614.13 538 with a similarly equipped vehicle or vehicles separated a sufficient distance to provide adequate advance warning. Use the extreme left or right lane for the marking operation when possible. Where three or more lanes exist in one direction, perform the marking operation so that traffic passes on one side only. Protect stationary marking operations in intersections, school zones, gores and other areas with traffic control devices such as advance warning signs and cones. For stationary operations such as loading material and cleaning equipment, make every effort to have all equipment completely off the traveled way. When equipment cannot be removed from the traveled way, operate all traffic control devices on the vehicles and station flaggers and vehicles to protect the worksite and the traveling public while maintaining traffic.
614.13 Asphalt Concrete for Maintaining Traffic. The Contractor may use
either a Type 1 or Type 2 mix of Item 441 asphalt concrete PG 64 -22, or an asphalt concrete surface course the Engineer approves. Where materials are placed in small quantities or under adverse conditions, the Engineer may waive specification requirements for placing and finishing if, in the judgment of the Engineer, i t is determined that the Contractor can obtain satisfactory results in providing a smooth and durable pavement surface. This material is intended to be used to maintain pavement free from defects as described in 614.02.B.
614.14 Performance. If, in the opi nion of the Engineer, the Contractor is not
furnishing proper maintenance of traffic facilities and proper provisions for traffic control, the Department may take the necessary steps to place them in proper condition, and the Department will deduct the cos t of such services from any money that may be due or become due the Contractor. Identify all pavement deficiencies within the work area. Repair deficiencies as soon as possible and within 24 hours from notice of the deficiency.
614.15 Method of Measuremen t. The Department will measure Work Zone
Marking Signs as the number of sign installations, including the sign, necessary supports, and all attachment hardware. The Department will include all other work zone signs under Maintaining Traffic unless separate ly itemized. The Department will measure Work Zone Pavement Markings complete in place, by class and material, in the units designated. Line quantities will be the length of the completed stripe, including gaps, intersections and other sections of pavement not normally marked. Work Zone Pavement Markings will include the layout, application and removal of the markings, when required. The Department will measure line quantities as the length of the completed stripe, including gaps, intersections, and other s ections of pavement not normally marked. The Department will measure Sign Months for Portable Changeable Message Signs by the number of months each sign is at the project or project storage yard and immediately available to the project for use. Measurement will begin when each unit is in active service and will continue until the Engineer determines the Portable Changeable Message Sign is no longer needed for the remaining duration of the 614.16 539 project. A Sign Month will be deducted if a PCMS is not working prope rly for more than 24 hours in one sign month or if the Contractor removes the PCMS from the project/project storage yard without the Engineer’s determination that it is no longer needed for the project.
614.16 Basis of Payment. The Department will make par tial payments
according to 109.09 and as modified by the following schedule:
A.If the project duration from first day of physical work to original completion date is greater than or equal to 45 calendar days,
1.The Department will pay 30 percent of the l ump sum amount bid for Maintaining Traffic with the first estimate, but not sooner than 15 days after the start of work at the project site.
2.The Department will pay the remaining 70 percent of the lump sum amount bid for Maintaining Traffic according to 109.09.
B.Unless separately itemized, the lump sum price bid for Maintaining Traffic shall include the cost of removal or covering of conflicting pavement markings, layout, application and removal of pavement markings when required, maintaining the exist ing highway in a safe condition for public use, removing abrasive and salt residue remaining from snow and ice control performed by the Department or local governments, providing flaggers and their equipment, and furnishing, maintaining in an acceptable co ndition, and subsequently removing the following work zone traffic control items as required by the Contract Documents:
1.Signs, supports, and warning lights.
2.Drums, cones, gates, barricades, and vertical panels.
3.Arrow boards.
4.Work zone traffic s ignals.
5.Lighting for work zone signals and flaggers.
C.If traffic permanently damages beyond use any of the following items, the Department will compensate the Contractor for the fair market value of the damaged item according to 109.05 provided the Co ntractor has pursued but failed to obtain compensation from the motorist. Follow the procedures given in 107.15 for compensation for traffic damage to completed permanent items of Work, to obtain compensation from the motorist before requesting compensatio n from the Department.
1.Arrow board.
2.Work zone signal, pole, or controller.
3.Lighting unit or pole.
4.Changeable message sign.
5.Work Zone Impact Attenuator 614.16 540 The lump sum price bid for Detour Signing includes the cost of the Contractor furnishing, installing, maintaining, and removing the detour signing shown on the plans and their necessary supports. The Department will pay for the following items under their associated item numbers: 502 Bridges, 615 Roads and Pavement, 622 Concrete Barrier. The Department will pay for aggregate and calcium chloride authorized by the Engineer and used for Maintaining Traffic under Items 410 and 616. The Department will pay for accepted quantities at the contract prices as follows: Item Unit Description 614 Lump Sum Maintaining Traffic 614 Lump Sum Detour Signing 614 Each Replacement Drum 614 Each Replacement Sign 614 Each Object Marker, ___ - Way 614 Each, Mile, Foot Work Zone Pavement Markings (Kilometer, Meter) 614 Each Work Zone Raised Pavement Marker 614 Sign M onth Portable Changeable Message Sign 614 Each Work Zone Speed Limit Sign 614 Each Work Zone Marking Sign 614 Hour Law Enforcement Officer with Patrol Car 614 Each Barrier Reflector 614 Each Work Zone Crossover Lighting System 614 Each Work Zone Impact Attenuator 614 Mile (Kilometer) Work Zone Lane Line, Class ___, ___* , ___** 614 Mile (Kilometer) Work Zone Center Line, Class ___, ___* * 614 Foot (Meter) Work Zone Channelizing Line, Class I, ___* , ___** 614 Mile (Kilometer) Work Zone Edgeline, Class I, ___* , ___** 614 Foot (Meter) Work Zone Gore Marking, Class II, ___* * 614 Foot (Meter) Work Zone Stop Line, Class I, ___* * 614 Foot (Meter) Work Zone Arrow, Class I, ___* * 614 Foot (Meter) Work Zone C rosswalk Line, Class I, ___* * 614 Foot (Meter) Work Zone Dotted Line, Class I, ___* * 614 Cubic Yard Asphalt Concrete for Maintaining Traffic (Cubic Meter) * Width of marking (4” or 6” for Lane Lines and Edgelines; 8” or 12” for Channelizing Lines) ** Type material (642 paint; 740.06, Type I , or Type II; or left blank to allow any of the three.) ITEM 615 ROADS AND P AVEMENTS FOR MAINTAI NING TRAFFIC
615.01 Description
615.02 Fences
615.03 Earthwork 615.01
541 615.04 Guardrail
615.05 Pavement
615.06 Sidew alk
615.07 Maintenance
615.08 Removal
615.09 Method of Measurement
615.10 Basis of Payment
615.01 Description . This work consists of providing, maintaining, and
subsequently removing roads and appurtenances, and pavements for maintaining traffic.
615.02 Fences. If necessary, replace permanent fencing with temporary fencing
while occupying any temporary Right -of-Way, provide, erect, and maintain comparable temporary fencing during the period of construction. Take ownership of the existing fence. The Contrac tor may use this material in the erection of the temporary fence. Before occupancy of the temporary Right -of-Way is terminated and before removal of the temporary fence, the Engineer will notify the property owner to reinstall permanent fencing according t o the Right -of-Way settlement.
615.03 Earthwork. Excavate and construct embankment necessary for
providing and maintaining temporary roads and any associated drainage facilities, as well as subsequent removal of temporary roads and restoration of the areas to their original condition, according to Item 203. Construct adequate side ditches in cut sections, and provide drainage pipe and culverts where necessary. Ensure the side slopes are not steeper than 1.5:1, unless otherwise shown on the plans.
615.04 Guardrail. Where the height of the embankment is 5 feet (1.5 m) or
more, measured at the outside edge of the paved surface, and the side slope is steeper than 4:1, provide guardrail at a distance of at least 1.5 feet (0.5 m) from the edge of the required widt h of the surface course. Conform to one of the types of guardrail specified in Item 606, except that the Department will allow the Contractor to re -use material in good condition.
615.05 Pavement. Ensure that the pavement surface is constructed to the widt h
shown in the plans, of the materials, and in the manner specified. Prepare the subgrade in accordance with 204.03 and 204.04 Provide subgrade conforming to Item 204.03. Soft subgrade will be determined and replaced according to Item 204.04. Provide aggregate shoulders , when specified, conforming to Item 411 for a minimum thickness of 6 inches. Where Class A or Class B pavement is shown on the plans, provide either rigid pavement or flexible pavement conforming to the following minimum requirements: 615.06 542 MINIMUM COURSE THICKN ESS REQUIRED Pavement Type Course Make -Up Class A Class B Rigid 452 9 in (230 mm) 7 in (180 mm) Flexible [6] 441 Type 1 [1] 1-1/4 in (32 mm) 1-1/4 in (32 mm) 441 Type 2 [2] [5] 1-3/4 in (45 mm) 1-1/2 in (38 mm) 302 [3] [5] 5-1/2 in (140 mm) 3-1/2 in (90 mm) 304 [4] [5] 6 in (100 mm) 6 in (100 mm) [1] Meet surface course requirements. [2] Meet intermediate course requirements. [3] The Contractor may use 301 or 441 Type 2 intermediate course. [4] The Contractor may use 2 -1/2 inch es (65 mm) 301, 302, or 441 Type 2 intermediate course in lieu of 6 inches (150 mm) of 304. [5] The Engineer may waive maximum placement lift thicknesses if quality control testing conforming to Supplement 1055 is performed and a final density between 93 a nd 96.5 percent is achieved. [6] The Contractor may use 442 in lieu of 441. For the indicated pavement type and courses, conform to the requirements of the specified items except as modified below. For rigid pavements, conform to Item 452. Tiebars or hook bolts for longitudinal joints are not required. Use dowels only at transverse expansion and construction joints. Conform to the quality requirements set forth in 499.02 for the materials, except the requirements of 703.13. Use Class QC -1 concrete. For any part of the 452 pavement that is to be incorporated into the permanent pavement, the above exclusions do not apply and conformance to Items 452 and 499 is required. For a 441 course, if the Contractor spreads and finishes the materials by acceptable hand methods, the Department will waive the requirements for smoothness. Use a PG 64 -22 asphalt binder for temporary asphalt pavement. If any part of the temporary pavement will be incorporated into the project permanently, then use the contract -specified PG as phalt binder grade for the pavement course. For a 304 course, if the Contractor spreads the aggregate by approved hand methods, the Department will not require side forms. If the 304 course is to be removed, the Contractor may use reclaimed asphalt concret e or Portland cement concrete pavement. Determine the thickness of the courses by field measurement.
615.06 Sidewalk . If temporary walks are required, provide the type of walk
shown in the plans in accordance with Item 608.
615.07 Maintenance . Maintain all portions of the temporary facilities in good
condition with respect to both safety and smoothness for travel as long as it is needed for maintenance of traffic. If the Engineer determines that the Contractor is not properly maintaining the temporary facil ities, the Department may put them into proper condition according to 105.15.
Source: Ohio Construction and Material Specifications, 2019 Edition. Pages 0–0 of 928.