601Portland Cement Concrete

Part 600

CONCRETE SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-2 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE hydraulic cement stored for a period longer than 120 days according to AASHTO M85. An independent laboratory shall perform the retest at no cost to the Department , which must be approved by the Engineer before being used on the work. Chemical Admixtures. Use admixtures in Portland cement concrete that conform to SECTION M02. Perform all work according to the recommendations of the manufacturer. Do not use admixtures unless approved by the Engineer. Ensure that the physical and chemical properties of admixtures are uniform throughout their use in the work. If an admixture as furnished is not uniform in properties, discontinue its use. If more than one admixture type or brand is used, ensure that admixtures are compatible with one another so that the desirable effects of all admixtures used will be realized. When using a brand and type of admixture on the Department’s Approved Materials List, furnish a Certificate of Compliance from the manufacturer, certifying that the admixture furnished conforms to the chemical and physical requirements. The Engineer may take samples for testing at any time. Dispense chemical admixtures, including air -entraining admixtures, in liquid form. If more than one chemical admixture is used in the concrete mix, provide a separate dispensing measuring unit for each admixture. Ensure that dispensers for chemical admixtures have sufficient capacity to measure at one time the prescribed quantity required for each batch of concrete. Ensure that each dispenser includes a graduated measuring unit into which liquid admixtures are measured to within ±2 percent of the prescribed quantity (volume or weight, as applicable) for each batch of concrete. Locate and maintain dispensers so that the graduations can be accurately read from where proportioning operations are controlled to permit a visual check of batching accuracy before discharge. Mark each dispensing unit for the type and quantity of admixture. Equip e ach liquid admixture dispensing system with a sampling device consisting of a valve located in a safe and readily accessible position s o that a sample of the admixture may be withdrawn by the Engineer. For all types of admixtures, incorporate the water content as determined by the manufacturer’s recommendations when calculating the total amount free water of the concrete mix. Mineral Admixtures. Mineral admixtures such as fly ash, blast furnace slag, and silica fume may be permitted as a partial replacement of Portland cement in any concrete as approved by the Engineer. Ensure that m ineral admixtures conform to Subsection M02.06 and are listed on the Department ’s Approved Materials List. Provide suitable means for storing and protecting the mineral admixture s against moisture. Mineral admixtures that become partially hydrated or contain lumps will be rejected. Ensure that the handling and storage of all mineral admixtures conform to Subsection 601.02.1.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-3 Provide t he manufacturer’s Mill Certificate, signed by a company representative having legal binding authority, with each shipment of mineral admixtures. Retest any mineral admixture stored for a period longer than 120 days for compliance with the required specifications. An independent laboratory shall perform the retest at no additional cost to the Department, which must be approved by the Engineer before use on the work. Aggregates. Provide coarse and fine aggregates that conform to Subsections M01.05 and M02.02. Obtain aggregates from sources that have been previously tested by the Department. Results and information on the tests may be obtained from the Engineer upon request. If the Contractor proposes to obtain aggregates from sources that have not been tested by the Department, comply with the following: • Notify the Department three months in advance of use, including test results according to SECTIONS M01 and M02. An AASHTO accredited laboratory shall perform the test , which must be signed by a Rhode Island Registered Professional Engineer. • Submit the results of tests based on ASTM C295 , Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete for the proposed aggregates. An AASHTO accredited laboratory shall perform the tests, which must be signed by a Rhode Island Registered Professional Engineer. • Provide a sufficient quantity of aggregate samples to the Engineer for verification testing three months in advance of use. • Assume all costs for sampling and testing, except for the cost of verification testing, which will be borne by the Department. Test all proposed aggregates and produce concrete that has freeze-thaw durability of 80 percent as determined by the relative dynamic modulus (ASTM C215, Transverse Method) at 300 cycles as tested according to ASTM C666 - Procedure A, as modified by the Department. Copies of the modifications may be obtained from the Engineer upon request. Handle and transport aggregates from stockpiles or other sources to the batching plant to ensure a uniform grading of the material. Ensure that t he batch plant site, layout, equipment , and provisions for transporting material provides a continuous supply of material to the work. Buildup stockpiles in layers of not more than 3 ft in thickness. Ensure that each layer is in place before beginning the next. Do not allow any layer to cone down over the next lower layer. Provide safe and suitable facilities for obtaining and storing samples of aggregates. Ensure that the facilities provide safe access to the samples. Do not stockpile aggregates together from different sources and of different gradings. Do not use aggregates that have become segregated, mixed with foreign materials, or contaminated by aggregates of different gradings. Stockpile or bin for draining all aggregates produced or handled by hydraulic methods at least 12 hours before being batched. Rail shipments requiring more than 12 hours will be accepted as adequate binning only if the car bodies permit free drainage. If the

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-4 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE aggregates contain a high or nonuniform moisture content, the Engineer may require storage or stockpile periods in excess of 12 hours. Water. Ensure that water used in mixing and curing concrete conforms to Subsection M02.07.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-5

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-6 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE ○ The size of batch in cubic yards ○ Weight/volume, type, source/manufacturer of all ingredients used in the mix ○ Slump/spread ○ Air content of the mix ○ Concrete temperature ○ Unit weight of fresh concrete ○ Curing method, age at time of testing, and compressive strength of concrete Note: Ensure that a ll testing conform s to the applicable AASHTO and/or ASTM requirements listed in these Specifications. For o riginal copies of concrete mix designs and trial batch reports submitted for approval to the Department, provide an original Rhode Island Professional Engineer’s stamp and signature. ● Step 2. Trial Runs . Once the concrete mix design has been reviewed and no exception taken by the Engineer, conduct trial runs before production using the mix design’s component materials and proportions, including the amount of admixtures that will be necessary to meet the specifications and produce concrete of the required plasticity, workability, air content, compressive strength, flexural strength, or any other specified concrete property. Conduct the trial runs by employing the concrete batch plant, mixer , and handling equipment propose d to use in production. Calibrate a ll equipment employed in the batching, mixing, transporting, and testing , and meet the requirements listed herein before initiating the trial runs. Pursue the goal of producing concrete using the maximum amount of water and air content specified in the submitted mix design during the trial runs. Notify the Engineer at least 48 hours in advance of performing the trial runs so that the test procedures can be witnessed. Once the concrete temperature, slump, and air content are tested and compliance with the Specifications has been established , the Engineer will fabricate compressive strength specimens to be tested by the Engineer. When all specified concrete parameters have been met, the Engineer will accept the proposed mix design for production. The accepted mix design proportions will govern during the progress of the work. Do not make any changes in the sources or proportions of the materials, including aggregate size, without written approval of the Engineer. Do not use n ew materials until the Engineer approves a revised mix design and new proportions based on a trial batch and laboratory tests and a minimum 3 cu yd batch plant trial run. Trial batch laboratory testing shall be conducted by an AASHTO accredited laboratory at no additional cost to the Department. The testing requirements are:

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-7 ○ No testing is required for changes in admixture dose provided that the proposed dose does not exceed the manufacturer’s recommendations. ○ Slump, air content, concrete temperature , and unit weight are required for all modifications. ○ 28-day (56-day for Class MC ) compressive strength is required for all modifications. ○ AASHTO T358 and AASHTO T160 testing is required for any change to cementitious material source, cementitious material proportion, or water quantity for concrete Classes HP and MC. ○ ASTM C 1567 is required for all concrete classes for the following changes: + aggregate source + aggregate size + single aggregate proportions greater than 300 lb/cu yd + cementitious material source + cementitious material proportions + water content ● Heat development, as determined by Adiabatic Temperature Rise or calorimetry, is required for any change in cementitious material content or source for Class MC concrete.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-8 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE ● Ensure that all combinations of aggregate and cementitious materials used in concrete mixes are innocuous to alkali -aggregate reactivity as demonstrated by a mean expansion not greater than or equal to 0.10 percent after 14 days of soaking using the ASTM C 1567 test method. Ensure that this requirement is satisfied for an aggregate if the mean expansion in an AASHTO T303 test after 14 days of soaking is less than or equal to 0.10 percent. Test coarse and fine aggregates separately. A series of tests with the reactive aggregate and different cement replacement levels may be required to determine the minimum cement replacement level necessary to mitigate expansion for a given combination of materials. Do not d etermine the minimum replacement level by interpolation between tested levels. Batching Plants and Equipment.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-9 cement and aggregates by weight. Proportion water and admixtures by weight or volume. Adjust the batch weights as needed when aggregate moistures change to account for the actual moisture content of the aggregates at time of use. Equip plants automatically to control the batching sequence and timing of operations. Provide an auxiliary interlock cutoff circuit to interrupt and stop the automatic cycling of the batching operations when an error in weighing occurs, when an aggregate bin becomes empty, or when there is a malfunction of any portion of the control system. ● Recording Equipment . Equip t he plant with a recording device that automatically records the required data for delivery tickets and reproduces the reading of the scale being recorded within ±0.1 percent of scale capacity: Provide ticket information electronically in accordance with SECTION 941. The Engineer may also request sufficient printed copies of delivery tickets to provide a copy for the plant inspector and a copy for the Construction Manager for the permanent Project record. ● Equipment Failure. If at any time the recording devices become inoperative, the plant may be allowed to batch materials for a period of not more than one work day from the time of breakdown, if approved by the Engineer. Written permission of the Engineer will be required for periods of operations without automatic proportioning facilities longer than one work day. As a condition for continued use with inoperative recording devices, manually record all required information on all delivery tickets. ● Batching Controls. Ensure that batching controls are electrically interlocked with the scales to prevent cycling or recycling of batching until scales tare zero. Ensure that the batching controls meet the following tolerances with respect to the various components weighed in each batch: ○ Coarse Aggregate: ±2.0 percent of required weight of the total coarse aggregate being weighed ○ Fine Aggregate: ±2.0 percent of required weight of the total fine aggre gate being weighed ○ Portland Cement: ±1.0 percent of required weight of cement being weighed ○ Mineral admixtures: ±1.0 percent of required weight of mineral admixtures being weighed ○ Water: ±1.0 percent of required weight or volume of water being weighed ○ Admixtures: ±3.0 percent of required weight or volume of each admixture being used Ensure that the total weight of the batch does not vary more than ±1.0 percent from the theoretical design weight.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-10 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Concrete Mixing, Delivery, and Discharge. Concrete may be mixed at the site of construction, at a central point, or in transit mixers, all according to the Specifications.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-11 ○ For batches containing the set -control admixture, sample after initial mixing and after 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Keep t he truck mixer in motion between sampling intervals. ○ Include for each trial batch data for plastic properties (slump, air content, unit weight, and temperature) after initial mixing and after 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes of slow mixing. Report the number of drum rotations at each sampling interval. ○ If plastic properties are outside of the specification limits at any time interval, retesting after high speed mixing for up to five minutes will be allowed. ○ Provide data for each trial batch that includes seven-day and 28-day (56 days for Class MC concrete) compressive strength results sampled after initial batching for the control and after initial batching and 120 minutes of slow mixing for batches containing the set-control admixture. ○ Ensure that trial batch test results that indicate the concrete properties of mixtures containing the set -control admixture meet specification requirements after 120 minutes of slow mixing. ● Retempering. Retempering is defined as adjusting concrete properties by the addition of water or chemical admixtures after initial batching. Retempering concrete by adding water or other means may be permitted only 1) after concrete arrival and initial testing on the jobsite, 2) when delivered in truck mixers, and 3) if permitted by the Engineer. When authorized, additional water or chemical admixtures may be added to the batch materials with additional mixing to i ncrease slump or air entrainment to meet the specified requirements, if: ○ The maximum water-cementitious materials ratio is not exceeded. ○ The admixture doses do not exceed the manufacturer’s recommendations. ○ All retempering and retesting operations are completed at least 30 minutes before the maximum allowable discharge time limit. Add all admixtures at the plant. The Engineer may approve the addition of withheld mixing water at the jobsite with a metered pressurized wand. Do not add admixture during retempering that is not present in the approved mixture. Before allowing retempering with water -reducing admixtures on the Project, conduct trial batches to simulate the impact of delayed additions as follows: ○ Both the control and retempered batch contains the same plant-added admixture dose. ○ The retempered batch has the second dose of admixture added at least 30 minutes before the maximum discharge time. ○ The combination of plant added admixture dose and retempered admixture dose does not exceed the maximum manufacturer’s recommended dose.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-12 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE ○ Plastic properties are sampled initially at the time of retempering and maximum discharge time. ○ Specimens for strength and time of set for both the control and retempered mixture are sampled at the maximum allowed discharge time. No trial batches are required for retempering with air entrainment admixtures. If additional water will be incorporated into the concrete, revolve the drum not less than 30 revolutions at the mixing speed immediately after retempering the concrete and before discharge is commenced. If additional admixtures are incorporated into the concrete, revolve the drum between 30 to 60 revolutions at the mixing speed immediately after retempering the concrete and before discharge is commenced. Do not use concrete that is not within the specified slump or air content limits at the time of placement. Retemper the concrete at the site as permitted by the Engineer. Retempering with admixtures will be permitted only with the approval of the Engineer or when specifically provided for in the Contract. Limitations for Mixing and Placement. Do not mix, place , or finish concrete when the natural light is insufficient, unless an adequate artificial lighting system is operational. During and immediately after placement, protect the concrete from the adverse effects of rain. When there is a probability of air temperature 40°F or less at the time of placement, or when there is a local forecast indicating that the temperature will be below 40 °F during the five-day (cast in place masonry) or 14 -day (bridge deck) curing period , cold weather concreting, as defined in Subsection 601.03.5 , will apply. At least 24 hours before placement, submit a request for approval by the Engineer to use a cold weather concreting and curing plan detailing the methods and equipment to ensure that the concrete temperature does not fall below 50°F during the curing period after placement, which is considered the protection period. Ensure that concrete mixing operations conform to Subsection 601.03.5. Cold Weather Concrete.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-13 When aggregates are heated in bins, steam-coil, water-coil heating, or other methods that will not be detrimental to the aggregates may be used. Do not use live steam on or through binned aggregates without the approval of the Engineer.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-14 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-15 Spray the s urfaces of the concrete that are exposed to the air uniformly with a curing compound. Apply the curing compound according to the manufacturer’s recommendation. Evaluate runs, sags, thin areas, skips, or holidays in the applied curing as evidence that the application is not satisfactory. If a clear color curing compound is used, add a fugitive dye to the curing compound to ensure complete coverage. Apply t he curing compound to the concrete following the surface finishing operation immediately before the moisture sheen disappears from the surface, but before any drying, shrinkage, or craze cracks begin to appear. If any drying or cracking of the surface is evident, immediately apply water with an atomizing nozzle as specified above for the Water Method, and continue until application of the compound is started or resumed. However, do not apply the compound over any resulting freestanding waters. If the film of compound is damaged from any cause before the expiration of seven days after the concrete is placed for structures and 72 hours for pavement, repair the damaged portion immediately with additional compound. Do not dilute or alter the curing compound after manufacture. When the curing compound is shipped in tanks or tank trucks, provide a shipping invoice with each load. Ensure that the invoice contains the same information as that required for container labels. Curing compounds may be sampled by the Engineer at the source of supply , at the job site, or at both locations. Use the curing compound within 120 days of its manufacture. All tests will be conducted by the Engineer according to the latest test methods of the American Society for Testing Materials.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-16 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Do not use s ections of membrane that have lost their waterproof qualities or have been damaged that renders them unfit for curing the concrete.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-17 + Certification by the National Institute for Certification of Engineering Technologies (NICET) at Level III or above for concrete + Certification by the North -East Transportation Training and Certification Program (NETTCP) as a QA Technologist ○ The QCP Administrator shall have the authority to direct all actions necessary for the successful implementation of the QCP, including administering, implementing, monitoring, and adjusting processes as necessary to ensure compliance with the Contract Documents. ○ QC Technicians. The Concrete Producer shall employ QC Technician(s) who test concrete specimens and concrete materials. QC Technicians shall possess a current certification as American Concrete Institute (ACI) Concrete Laboratory Testing Technician Level I or NETTCP Concrete Technician. + For precast/prestressed concrete facilities, employ additional QC technician(s) who sample and test concrete at the point of placement. QC technicians shall possess a current certification as ACI Concrete Field Testing Technician Grade I or NETTCP Concrete Technician. + QC technicians shall report directly to the QCP Administrator and shall be responsible for performing required QC activities and preparation of associated QC documentation. ● QC Testing Facilities and Equipment . The Concrete Producer shall maintain a separate QC laboratory and associated sampling, testing, and measuring equipment necessary to perform the required QC activities. Provide s ampling, testing , and measuring devices according to specified standards and properly calibrated and verified. The Concrete Producer shall maintain records of the calibration and maintenance of all sampling, testing, and measuring equipment. Use back-up equipment if a device is found to be defective. Ensure that d efective equipment is clearly tagged and/or removed from the site until repaired and the calibration is verified. If non -standard or alternative sampling methods, testing procedures, or equipment are proposed to be used, detail these in the QCP and approved by the Engineer before use. ● QC Activities . Implement QC activities for monitoring, inspection, sampling , and testing, which will cover all aspects that affect the quality of the concrete, including: ○ Component materials: + Fine and coarse aggregates + Portland cement + Mineral and chemical admixtures + Water ○ Production and delivery equipment ○ Mixing and transportation ○ Formwork (precast/prestress plants only) ○ Prestressing steel, reinforcement, inserts (precast/prestress plants only)

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-18 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE ○ Tensioning prestressing steel (precast/prestress plants only) ○ Plastic and hardened concrete properties (precast/prestress plants only) ○ Placement and consolidation (precast/prestress plants only) ○ Finishing and curing (precast/prestress plants only) ○ Finished product (precast/prestress plants only) The two following Tables provide the minimum QC activities and frequencies. Minimum Production Equipment QC Requirements Equipment Control Requirement Minimum Frequency

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-19 *Compressive Strength Specimens Precast/Prestressed Concrete — One set for the first 50 cu yd inclusive and one set for each additional 50 cu yd or fraction thereof and as necessary for formwork removal, stress transfer and shipping (include concrete temperature, air content and slump test results) * The Concrete Producer shall determine the quantity of cylinders necessary for process control of construction operations. ● Concrete Producers Quality Control Plan (QCP). The Concrete Producer shall submit a detailed written QCP to the Engineer for approval annually, at least 60 days before the first concrete placement. Provide a QCP that details the Concrete Producer ’s plans, policies, procedures , and organization deemed necessary to measure and control materials, equipment, and concrete production processes. Ensure that t he QCP reflect s the current status of the operations; submit proposed changes to the QCP to the Engineer. Changes must be approved by the Engineer before implementation. At a minimum, provide a QCP that details the following: ○ Scope of QC Plan . Reference all applicable specifications, including the latest revision of the Standard Specifications plus all applicable compilations and supplements. ○ QC Organization . Include a QC organizational chart identifying all personnel responsible for implementing the QCP and how staff integrate and communicate within the Concrete Supplier ’s management structure and with the Engineer. Include a list of QC personnel and their names, qualifications, responsibilities, levels of authority, certifications, telephone contact number(s) , and e -mail addresses. ○ QC Testing Facilities and Equipment. Include the location and qualifications of QC testing facilities and a list of all QC testing equipment with the frequency of calibration and verification. ○ Materials Control. Include the source(s) for all materials used in the production of Portland cement concrete and receiving, storage, and handling practices. For fine and coarse aggregates , describe stockpile management practices, including stockpile identification, separation, segregation mitigation, and loading. ○ Concrete Production. Provide a description of the concrete plant and concrete batching operations, including: + Plant location and layout + Production equipment + Method and sequence of batching + Mixing capacity and minimum mixing time + Method of monitoring ingredients and recording batches + Methods of delivery

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-20 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE ○ QC Activities. Describe QC activities deemed necessary to control all aspects of concrete production. Include the locations, methods, frequency , and personnel responsible for conducting QC sampling, testing, and inspection. Identify lot/sublot sizes, the sample identification system, and sample storage/retention procedures. The minimum required QC activities are listed in the preceding Tables. ○ Pre-Placement (Precast/Prestressed Plants only) . Include source, storage , and handling procedures for steel reinforcement, prestressing strand, hardware , and inserts. Describe procedures and equipment for tensioning and detensioning of prestressing steel strands. ○ Concrete Placement (Precast/Prestressed Plants only) . Describe methods, equipment, and materials for placement, consolidation, finishing , and curing of concrete. Include sequencing of work and maximum discharge times. Include procedures for determination of concrete strength for formwork removal and application of load. See Subsection 809.03.8 for the curing of precast and prestressed concrete members. ○ Post Production (Precast/Prestressed Plants only). Describe procedures for post- production inspection, including product condition assessment, measurement of product geometry, and camber (as applicable). Include procedures for handling and storage of finished products. ○ Documentation. Describe documentation and reporting procedures for all QC activities. Include samples of all QC forms, reports, and control charts. ○ Non-Conformance and Corrective Action. Establish and maintain an effective and positive system for controlling non-conforming material and products as indicated by inspection and test results. Investigate the cause of any non-conformance to prevent recurrence, and take prompt corrective action to correct conditions that have resulted, or could result, in the incorporation of non-conforming materials and products into the work. Positively identify a ll non -conforming materials and products to prevent use, shipment, and intermingling with conforming materials and products. Provide segregated holding areas, subject to the approval of the Engineer. Include criteria for identifying non -conforming materials and products and procedures for isolation, disposition, and documentation. Include procedures and personnel responsible for directing corrective action, including suspension of work, disposal, and reclaiming or reworking of non -conforming materials and products. Detail how the results of QC inspections and tests will be used to determine corrective actions, and define rules to gauge when a process is out of control and the associated corrective action to be taken. At a minimum, establish corrective action procedures for each control requirement listed in the preceding Tables. ● Records and Documentation. The Concrete Producer shall maintain complete records for all QC tests and inspections. Ensure that t he QC records contain all test and inspection reports, forms and checklists, equipment calibrations, component material certificates of compliance and mill test reports, and non -conformance and corrective

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-21 action reports. Ensure that the QC records will document the nature and number of observations made, the number and type of deficiencies found, the quantities of conforming and non -conforming, and the nature of corrective action taken, as appropriate. Make the QC records available to the Engineer at all times, and retain the records for the life of the Contract. The Concrete Producer ’s documentation procedures will be subject to approval by the Engineer before the start of the work and to compliance checks by the Engineer during the progress of the work. ○ Forms and Reports . Document all QC inspection and test results on NETTCP forms and reports or equivalent as approved by the Engineer. Additionally, generate a non-conformance and corrective action report for each instance where test or inspection results indicate a non -conformance. Ensure that t he report indicates the nature of the non -conformance and corrective actions taken to resolve it. Prepare forms and reports that are complete and on a standardized, publicly used format , and submit to the Enginee r as the work progresses (or weekly, at a minimum). ○ Control Charts . Document a ll conforming and non -conforming test results on control charts, and ensure that they are complete and available to the Engineer at all times during production. Present test data for Portland cement concrete on control charts, including critical gradation(s) (i.e., passing No. 4, No. 100, No. 200 sieves), air content, unit weight , and 28 -day compressive strength for precast/prestressed concrete. Provide control charts that indicate lots and sub - lots, target values, and control limits, all in chronological order with a legend. The Concrete Producer may use other types of control charts as deemed appropriate and as approved by the Engineer. Complete testing and charting within 24 hours after sampling. ○ Certification. At the conclusion of the Project, the Concrete Producer shall certify to the Engineer that all Portland cement concrete and precast/prestressed products have been produced, inspected , and tested according to the requirements of the Contract specifications. ● Engineer’s Acceptance Sampling, Testing , and Inspection . The Engineer is responsible for sampling, testing, and inspection for acceptance, except for furnishing the necessary materials, which shall be the Contractor’s responsibility as directed by the Engineer and at no additional cost to the Department. Acceptance is based on the Engineer’s inspection of the construction, monitoring of the Contractor’s Quality Control Program, and acceptance test results. Provide the Engineer with reasonable access to the records without charge. Samples of fresh concrete for testing will be taken after all concrete retempering is performed. When sampling from within the forms is impractical, samples will be taken at the nearest accessible point in the conveyance system before placement into the forms. Acceptance sampling and testing will meet the requirements of the Contract and the Master Schedule for the Preparation of a Project Schedule for Sampling, Testing, and Certification of Materials.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-22 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Compressive strength test specimens will be standard 4 in. × 8 in. cylinders for all placements.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-23 ○ Cylinders will be cast for each placement less than or equal to 150 cu yd of concrete delivered for each class of concrete according to the following: + 1 truck = 4 cylinders from the truck (6 cylinders for Class MC concrete) + 2 trucks = 4 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck (6 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck for Class MC concrete) + 3 trucks = 2 cylinders from each of 2 randomly selected trucks (3 cylinders from each of 2 randomly selected trucks for Class MC concrete) + 4 thru 10 trucks = 2 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the first half of the placement and 2 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the second half of the placement. (3 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the first half of the placement and 3 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the second half of the placement for Class MC concrete). + 11 thru 15 trucks = 2 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the first third of the placement, 2 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the second third of the placement and 2 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the final third of the placement. ○ Cylinders will be cast for each placement greater than 150 cu yd and less than 750 cu yd of concrete delivered for each class of concrete according to the following: + 2 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the first third of the Lot, 2 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the second third of the Lot, and 2 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the final third of the Lot. ○ Cylinders will be cast for each placement greater than or equal to 750 cu yd of concrete delivered for each class of concrete according to the following: + 2 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the first third of the Lot, 2 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the second third of the Lot, and 2 cylinders from 1 randomly selected truck from the final third of the Lot. Sidewalk placements will have a minimum of one set of four cylinders taken from one randomly selected truck per Project per day.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-24 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Three cylinders randomly selected from each set of 4 or 6 cylinders, as determined under “Sublots,” will be tested for either 28-day or 56-day compressive strengths. Case A: Single Lot Placement. The average 28-day or 56-day compressive strength of 3 cylinders selected from a set of 4 or 6 cylinders will be used to calculate the acceptance of the Single Lot Placement. The following formulas will be used to calculate the Placement Acceptance Test Result (PATR). The Engineer has the authority to use Formula – B for any Lot size when more than one set of 3 cylinders are tested. Formula – A PATR = X = X1 + X2 + X3 Symbols: X = individual test value , which is the 28 -day or 56 -day compressive strength of each cylinder tested X̅ = the mean (average) 28-day or 56-day compressive strength of a set of 3 cylinders PATR = Placement acceptance test result Case B: Multiple Lot Placements. For Multiple Lot Placements, 3 cylinders from each set of 6 cylinders from each Lot will be tested for 28 -day or 56 -day compressive strength. The mean value of the sum of the average compressive strengths will be used to calculate the acceptance of the placement. The following formula will be used to calculate the Placement Acceptance Test Result (PATR). Formula – B PATR = X = X1 + X2 + ⋯ Xn n Symbols: X̅ = the mean (average) 28-day or 56-day compressive strength of a set of 3 cylinders for each Lot. X = the mean (average) of the sum of the average 28-day or 56-day compressive strength test result of each Lot. n = number of sets Strength Pay Factors

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE 600-25 PATR % of (fc ’ ) Placement Pay Factor (PPF) (%) 95 or greater 1.00 (100) 90 to 94.9 0.90 (90) 85 to 89.9 0.85 (85) When the PATR of structural concrete falls below fc′ submit an investigative plan stamped by a Professional Engineer holding a valid license to practice engineering in the State of Rhode Island outlining how to demonstrate that the in -place concrete’s compressive strength is structurally adequate. The Engineer will approve the investigative plan before the execution of the investigation. After the investigation is completed, submit a report to the Engineer presenting the results of the Professional Engineer’s analysis, testing, and conclusions and any recommended actions proposed for the concrete that did not meet the specified strength requirements. If the Engineer’s analysis demonstrates that the in -place concrete is structurally inadequate , remove the concrete and replace it at no additional cost to the Department. The Contractor may elect to remove and dispose of any non-conforming material and replace it with new material to avoid a PPF of less than 1.00. Any such new material will be sampled, tested, and evaluated for acceptance according to the applicable requirements of SECTION 601. The Engineer may reject any quantity of material that appears to be non -conforming based on visual inspection or test results. Do not use the rejected material in the work. The results of the tests on the rejected material will not be included in the calculation of the Placement Acceptance Test Results.

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

600-26 SECTION 601 — PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE Case 2: For concrete that is paid for as part of a lump sum item or lump sum items as listed in the Proposal: PPF × number of cu yd that the PATR represents × the price of the various items of concrete per cubic yard as provided in the approved Contractor’s lump sum breakdown PPF is the pay factor determined in Subsection 601.03.8(c).

Part 600 — Concrete August 2025

SECTION 602 600-27 SECTION 602 This Section has been Reserved for Future Use.

Portland Cement Concrete in other states

• Louisiana 601 · Portland Cement Concrete Pavement
• Arkansas 506 · PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE
• Illinois 1020 · PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE
• North Dakota 802 · PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE
• Nebraska 1002 · PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE
• New Hampshire 520 · PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE
• New Mexico 510 · Portland Cement Concrete
• Nevada 501 · Portland Cement Concrete