220SECTION 222—MASONRY UNITS
222.01 Description
These specifications cover masonry units manufactured of regular or lightweight concrete or brick made from clay or shale in a plant specifically designed for such a purpose.
222.02 Detail Requirements
a.Wall Units:
1.Hollow load-bearing units shall conform to ASTM C90, Grade N-I.
2.Hollow non-load bearing units shall conform to ASTM C129, Type I.
3.Solid load-bearing units shall conform to ASTM C145, Grade N-I.
4.Building bricks shall conform to either:
a.ASTM C62 Grade SW , or
b.ASTM C55, except that the average compressive strength of 5 bricks shall be a minimum 3000 psi and no individual brick shall be less than 2500 psi.
b.Catch Basins and Manholes:
1.Masonry blocks shall conform to ASTM C139.
2.Bricks shall conform to either:
a.ASTM C32, Grade MS, or
b.ASTM C55, except that the average compressive strength of 5 bricks shall be a minimum 3000 psi and no individual brick shall be less than 2500 psi.
c.Sewer Bricks shall conform to ASTM C32, Grade SM. SECTION 223—STEEL REINFORCEMENT
223.01 Description
These specifications cover steel items designed to give added flexural strength to hydraulic cement concrete or to control and reduce cracking in such applications.
223.02 Detail Requirements
a.Reinforcement:
1.Deformed bars shall conform to ASTM A615, Grade 40 or 60. Longitudinal bars for continuous reinforced hydraulic cement concrete pavement shall be Grade 60.222.01 221 2. Plain bars shall conform to ASTM A615, Grade 40 or 60, deformation waived. When used as a dowel, material may be a plain bar conforming to the requirements of ASTM A615, Grade 40 or 60, or a plain dowel conforming to the requirements of ASTM A709, Grade 36.
3.Welded wire fabric shall conform ASTM A185. When used in continuously reinforced hydraulic cement concrete pavement wire fabric shall be deformed, furnished in flat sheets, and shall conform to ASTM A497, high yield of 70,000 pounds per square inch.
4.Structural steel shall conform to Section 226.
5.Bar mats shall conform to ASTM A184.
6.Spiral wire shall conform to AASHTO M32 or ASTM A82.
7.Wire mesh for use in gabions shall be made of galvanized steel wire at least 0.105 inch, 12 gage, in diameter. The tensile strength of the wire shall be at least 60,000 pounds per square inch. Wire mesh shall be galvanized in accordance with ASTM A641, Class 3. When PVC coating is specified, it shall be at least 0.015 inch in thickness and shall be black. Wire shall be welded to form rectangular openings or twisted to form hexagonal openings of uniform size. The linear dimension of the openings shall be not more than 4 1/2 inches. The area of the opening shall be not more than 9 square inches. The unit shall be nonraveling. Nonraveling is defined as the ability to resist pulling apart at any of the twists or connections forming the mesh when a single wire strand in a section is cut.
b.Prestressing Tendons shall be seven-wire stress-relieved strands, stress-relieved wire, and low- relaxation strands shall conforming to ASTM A416, Grade 270; ASTM A421; and ASTM A416, Supplement I, respectively, with the following modifications:
1.Strands or wires used in units of any one-bed layout shall be manufactured by the same plant.
2.A manufacturer’ s certification and load-elongation curve in accordance with ASTM A416 or ASTM A421 shall be obtained by the prestressed concrete fabricator for each lot of strand planned for use in fabrication. The strand or wire manufacturer shall submit the data in permanent record form to the Engineer for approval prior to fabrication.
c.Reinforcing Steel to Be Epoxy Coated: Steel shall conform to the requirements herein and shall be coated in accordance with AASHTO A775.
1.Plants that epoxy coat reinforcing steel shall be CRSI certified for epoxy coating. CRSI inspection reports shall be on file at the plant and shall be available to the Engineer for review.
2.Handling and storage of the coated bars shall conform to AASHTO A775.
3.Visible damage to the epoxy coating shall be patched or repaired with materials compatible with the existing coating in accordance with AASHTO A775.
d.Reinforcing Steel to Be Galvanized: Steel shall conform to the requirements herein and shall be galvanized in accordance with ASTM A767.223.02 222(e) Corrosion Resistant Reinforcing Steel, Class I shall conform to AASHTO M 334M/M 334-17 Type 1035 CS with a minimum chromium content of 9.2% or UNS (Unified Numbering System for Metals and Alloys) Designation: S24100.
f.Corrosion Resistant Reinforcing Steel, Class II shall conform to AASHTO M 334M/M 334-17. UNS Designation: S32101.
g.Corrosion Resistant Reinforcing Steel, Class III shall conform to AASHTOM 334M/M 334-17. UNS Designations: S24000, S30400, S31603, S31653, S31803, and S32304. SECTION 224—CASTINGS
224.01 Description
These specifications cover items cast from metal to a specific design in a manufacturing plant.
224.02 Materials
All casting suppliers/manufacturers shall have an approved QA/QC plan on file with the Department. Junction boxes that are to be installed within that portion of the roadway not protected by a guardrail or barrier shall be designed in accordance with AASHTO M306 and M105, Class 35B.
a.Malleable castings shall conform to ASTM A47, Grade 32510.
b.Gray iron castings used in that portion of the roadway not protected by a guardrail or barrier shall conform to AASHTO M306 and M105, Class 35B. All other castings shall conform to AASHTO M105, Class 35B.
c.Ductile iron castings used in that portion of the roadway not protected by a guardrail or barrier shall conform to AASHTO M306. All other ductile iron castings shall conform to ASTM A536, Grade 60-40-18.
d.Steel castings shall conform to the following:
1.Carbon steel shall conform to ASTM A27, Grade 65-35.
2.Chromium alloy steel shall conform to ASTM A296, Grade CA-15.
e.Steel castings for bridges shall conform to ASTM A486, Class 70, or ASTM A27, Grade 70-36.
224.03 Detail Requirements
If castings are supplied from materials conforming to Sections 224.02 (a), (d), and (e), all tolerances and workmanship requirements for castings shall conform to AASHTO M306. If used in that portion of the roadway not protected by a guardrail or barrier, the load testing shall conform to AASHTO M306. When the alternate load test is used, test bars shall be present and fully identifiable with regard to the casting lot. Each casting in a lot must have the same markings as all of the other castings in the lot; if not, each group of castings with the same markings within the original lot, becomes a new lot.223.02
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 248–249 of 1,065.