256240.02
c.Agricultural lime:
1.Ground limestone shall be of such fineness that at least 86 percent will pass a No. 20 mesh screen, at least 47 percent will pass a No. 60 mesh screen, and at least 28 percent will pass a No. 100 mesh screen. Material shall have a calcium carbonate equivalent of at least 85 percent.
2.Pulverized limestone shall be of such fineness that at least 90 percent will pass a No. 20 mesh screen, and at least 66 percent will pass a No. 100 mesh screen. Material shall have a calcium carbonate equivalent of at least 85 percent.
d.Lime for soil stabilization shall be quicklime or hydrated lime conforming to AASHT0 M216. SECTION 241—FL Y ASH
241.01 Description
These specifications cover fly ash (burnt coal residue) used as an additive in hydraulic cement concrete or as a soil stabilizer.
241.02 Detail Requirements
a.Fly ash used in hydraulic cement concrete shall conform to ASTM C618, Class F , or Class C.
b.Fly ash used in lime stabilization shall conform to ASTM C593. The Engineer may approve the use of bulk material if requested. SECTION 242—FENCES
242.01 Description
These specifications cover material requirements for fence components used in the construction of chain link, pedestrian, barbed wire, woven wire, and lawn fences and material specifications for temporary silt fences, geotextile fabric silt barriers, and filter barriers used for erosion and sediment control.
242.02 Detail Requirements
Steel posts and braces for standard fence and chain link fence may be fabricated from pregalvanized material in lieu of galvanization after fabrication provided ends and other areas of exposed metal are satisfactorily treated or repaired using a material conforming to Section 233.
a.Chain Link and Pedestrian Fences: Fabric material shall be new 9-gage core conforming to the following: 257242.02
1.Galvanized wire fabric for use in chain link fence shall be hot-dip galvanized after weaving in accordance with AASHTO M181, Type I, Class D. wire fabric for use in pedestrian fence shall be hot-dip galvanized after weaving in accordance with AASHTO M181, Type I, Class C.
2.Aluminum alloy wire fabric shall conform to AASHTO M181, Type III.
3.Aluminum-coated wire fabric shall conform to AASHTO M181, Type II.
4.Coated wire fabric:
a.Vinyl-coated wire fabric shall conform to AASHTO M181, Type IV , Class A or Class B, except that vinyl coated fabric may be No. 9 gage overall, including the vinyl coating, provided the core wire has a minimum zinc coat weight of 0.30 ounce per square foot and a minimum breaking strength of 1,290 pounds force.
b.Other conforming organic polymer-coated wire fabric shall conform to ASTM F 668 Class 1, Class 2a or 2b.
5.End, corner, and gate posts shall be one of the following:
a.welded or seamless steel galvanized pipe conforming to ASTM F1083, Schedule 40
b.roll-formed steel sections conforming to ASTM F1043, Group II with Type A external and internal coating
c.aluminum alloy pipe conforming to ASTM B429, Schedule 40
d.galvanized pipe conforming to ASTM F1043, Group IC, with Type B external coating and Type D internal coating
e.vinyl or other conforming organic polymer-coated pipe conforming ASTM F1043, Group IA, with Type A external and internal coatings
f.vinyl or other conforming organic polymer-coated pipe conforming to ASTM F1043, Group IC, with Type B external coating and Type D internal coating
6.Line posts shall be one of the following:
a.round galvanized steel pipe conforming to ASTM F1083, Schedule 40
b.roll-formed C-sections conforming to ASTM F1043, Group II with Type A external and internal coating
c.aluminum alloy pipe conforming to ASTM B429, Schedule 40
d.galvanized pipe conforming to ASTM F1043, Group IC, with Type B external coating and Type D internal coating
e.vinyl or other conforming organic polymer-coated pipe conforming to (a)5.e. or (a)5.f. herein 258242.02
7.Braces shall be one of the following:
a.welded or seamless steel galvanized pipe conforming to ASTM F1083, Schedule 40
b.roll-formed steel sections conforming to ASTM F1043, Group II with Type A external and internal coating
c.aluminum alloy pipe conforming to ASTM B429, Schedule 40
d.galvanized pipe conforming to ASTM F1043, Group IC, with Type B external coating and Type D internal coating
e.vinyl or other conforming organic polymer-coated pipe conforming to (a)5.e. or (a)5.f. herein
8.Gates shall be complete with hinges, latches, stops, and other necessary fittings. Gate frames shall be fabricated and coated with the same material as the adjoining fence framework and fabric.
9.Aluminum alloy post surfaces that will be in contact with concrete and up to 1 inch above concrete shall be uniformly coated with an aluminum-impregnated caulking compound or a solvent asphalt-fiber-filled and aluminum-pigmented coating conforming to ASTM D2824, Type III. Care shall be taken to prevent voids in the coating and the smearing of visible surfaces of concrete or posts except as otherwise noted herein.
10.Tension wire shall conform to one of the following:
a.aluminum-coated tension wire conforming to AASHTO M181
b.zinc-coated tension wire conforming to AASHTO M181, Class 1
c.vinyl-coated tension wire conforming to AASHTO M181, Class A or Class B. The core wire shall be 6 or 7 gage, with a tolerance of ± 0.005 inch. The minimum weight of the zinc coating shall be 0.40 ounce per square foot. The breaking strength of the core wire shall conform to AASHTO M181 for tension wire.
d.other conforming organic polymer-coated tension wire shall be 6 or 7 gage with a tolerance of ± 0.005 inch conforming to ASTM F1664. The breaking strength of the core wire shall conform to AASHTO M181 for tension wire.
11.Fittings shall be fabricated and coated with the same material as the fence framework and fabric.
12.Temporary High Visibility Fence: When specified on the plans or other Contract documents, temporary high visibility fence shall be a minimum of 40 inch high, international orange, plas - tic (high density polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyolefin) web fencing. Fence posts shall be conventional metal “T” or “U” shaped posts, 6 feet in length. The plastic web fencing shall be securely fastened to the posts in a manner approved by the Engineer. Plastic web fencing fabric shall have the following physical qualities: The tensile strength shall be at least 100 lbs./ ft. in the machine direction and 80 lbs./ ft. in the transverse direction when determined using ASTM D638. 259242.02
b.Barbed Wire Fence, Woven Wire Fence, and Lawn Fence:
1.Barbed wire shall conform to one of the following:
a.ASTM A121, Coating Type Z, Coating Class 3 Design Number 12-4-5-14R
b.ASTM A121, Coating Type Z, Design Number 15-4-5-16R except that the tensile strength of the line wire shall be at least 475 pounds per strand and the zinc coating shall be at least 0.70 ounce per square foot
c.single-strand oval-shaped wire having a diameter of at least 0.08 inch in its least dimension but not more than 0.135 inch in its greatest dimension and a tensile strength of at least 1150 pounds; wire shall have four barbs of 14-gage wire and a zinc coating of at least 0.30 ounce per square foot
d.vinyl and other polymer-coated barbed wire conforming to the requirements of ASTM F1665, Type I
2.Woven wire fence fabric shall conform to AASHTO M279. Standard FE-W1 woven wire fence fabric shall conform to Design No. 1047-6-11, Class 3, or No. 1047-6-12 1/2, Grade 125, Class 3. Standard FE-W2 woven wire fence fabric shall conform to Design No. 1047-12-11, Class 3, or No. 1047-12-12 1/2, Grade 125, Class 3.
3.Lawn fence shall be the type shown on the plans, a similar type that will match the existing fence, or a type desired by the landowner and approved by the Engineer.
4.Wood post and braces:
a.Species of wood: Posts and braces for standard fence shall be Southern pine, Ponderosa pine, Douglas fir, Western hemlock, larch, or white or red cedar as defined in AASHTO M168. Locust may be used for woven wire farm fence and barbed wire fence.
b.Cutting requirements: Round or square posts and braces shall be cut from live growing trees.
c.Seasoning: Posts and braces shall be sufficiently air seasoned in an approved manner for a suitable length of time under favorable climate conditions or otherwise conditioned as part of the treating process to permit adequate penetration of preservative without damage to the wood.
d.Peeling: Posts and braces shall have the inner bark removed to the extent defined by the Southern Pine Inspection Bureau. Knots and projections shall be cut or shaved smooth and flush with the surrounding surface of the unit.
e.End finish: Butt ends of posts shall be sawn square.
f.Dimensions: Posts shall not vary from the length specified on the plans by more than 1 inch. Thickness dimensions shall be undressed dimensions and shall not vary from the dimensions shown on the plans by more than 1/4 inch.
g.Straightness: Wood posts and braces shall be free from bends in more than one place and free from short or reverse bends. The straightness of the post or brace shall be such that 260242.02 a straight line from the center of the tip to the center of the butt shall not depart from the center of the post by more than 2 percent of the length.
h.Grading for square posts and braces: Grading shall conform (b)4.a. herein.
i.Preservative treatment: Posts and braces, except cedar and locust, shall be treated with a preservative in accordance with Section 236 except that waterborne preservatives shall not be used in the treatment of posts and braces to be erected in marshy areas. Oil-borne preservatives shall not be used where the posts and braces will come into contact with salt water. Cutting and trimming of the ends shall be performed prior to treatment.
5.Metal posts and braces: Post anchor plates shall have a surface area of at least 16 square inches. Posts shall be in accordance with ASTM A702 and the following:
a.Steel posts and braces shall be galvanized in accordance with Section 233.
b.Galvanized pipe shall conform to (a)5.d. herein.
6.Gates similar in type to those that exist may be substituted for gates shown in the Plans or the Standard Drawings if preferred by the landowner and approved by the Engineer.
7.Brace wire shall be 9 gage and shall conform to AASHTO M279, No. 9, Grade 60, Class 3.
c.Temporary Silt Fences, Geotextile Fabric, and Silt Barriers:
1.Geotextile fabric shall conform to Section 245.
2.Posts for temporary silt fences shall be a nominal 2 by 2 inch oak, or steel having a weight of at least 1.25 pounds per linear foot and a length of at least 5 feet. SECTION 243—EPOXY -RESIN SYSTEMS
243.01 Description
These specifications cover epoxy-resin systems to be used for all applications requiring bonding of various materials or as patching or overlay of concrete slabs.
243.02 Detail Requirements
Epoxy-resin materials shall conform to the applicable requirements of Table II-19 and Table II-21. Type EP-3B EP-3T EP-4 EP-5 EP-6 EP-7 Property Max . Max . Max . Max . Max . Max . Epoxide equivalent 245 220 225 270 245 270TABLE II-19 Requirements: Component A
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 284–287 of 1,065.