245Geosynthetics and Low Permeability Liners

245.01Description

These specifications cover artificial fiber textile products to be used in transportation construction work, and low permeability liners for stormwater management facilities.

245.02Shipping, Handling, and Storage Requirements

Geosynthetic shall be permanently marked with a clearly legible print showing manufacturing plant or plant Identification Code number, located on the roll edge at least every 16 feet. Rolls shall be labeled at both ends of the outside of the roll outer wrapping and both ends of the inside of the geotextile roll core, and labels shall list the roll number, production date, AASHTO M288 class(es) the product meets, and the product name; if the permanent marking contains this information, the labels may be omitted. Each geosynthetic roll shall be wrapped or otherwise packaged in a manner that will protect the geo - synthetic, including the ends of the roll, from damage due to shipment, water, sunlight, and contami - nants. The protective wrapping shall be maintained during periods of shipment and storage. During storage, geosynthetics rolls shall be elevated off the ground and adequately covered to protect them from the following: site construction damage; precipitation; extended ultraviolet radiation including sunlight; strong acids or strong bases; flames including welding sparks; temperatures in excess of 160 degrees F; and other environmental conditions that may damage the physical property values of the geosynthetic. Geosynthetics that are not properly protected may be subject to rejection.

245.03Testing and Documentation

Each geosynthetic material provided to the project shall have a manufacture date within its current NT - PEP product 3-year evaluation cycle. The manufacturer and any subsequent private labeler facility shall be listed as compliant by NTPEP within the current calendar year, or immediate past calendar year with an application for audit for the current calendar year. The Department may sample and test product from a facility or project at any time to verify compliance with specification requirements. Failure may result in the product being rejected or removed from the Approved List. 282 245.03 Property values in these specifications represent minimum average roll values (MAR V) in the weakest principal direction unless direction is otherwise specified; permittivity values specified are minimum; AOS and panel vertical strain values are maximum; mass per unit area, UV degradation, and asphalt retention values are typical. Product acceptance is determined by comparing the manufacturer test data against these specifications and using independent assurance testing, verification sampling and testing, and facility audits.

vertical, permeable interceptor designed to remove suspended soil from overland water flow. Fabric shall filter and retain soil particles from sediment-laden water to prevent eroding soil from being transported off the construction site by water runoff. Physical Property Test Method Requirements Filtering efficiency ASTM D5141-11 and NTPEP Erosion Min. 75% Control Products Committee Work Plan Flow rate ASTM D5141-11 and NTPEP Erosion Min. 0.2 gal/ft2/min Control Products Committee Work Plan In addition to these requirements, the geotextile shall comply with the requirements of AASHTO M288, Table 7, Temporary Silt Fence Property Requirements, for grab strength and ultraviolet stability.

AASHTO M288, Table 3-Separation Geotextile Property Requirements, for apparent opening size and ultraviolet stability and Table 1-Geotextile Strength Property Requirements, Class 2, for grab strength and puncture strength.

woven and clog resistant, suitable for subsurface application, and thermally and biologically stable. Polypropylene material is acceptable in environments with pH values between 3 and 12 inclusive; polyester material between 3 and 9 inclusive. Physical Property Test Method Requirements Permittivity ASTM D4491 Min. 0.5 sec-1 Apparent opening size ASTM D4751 Max. No. 50 sieve In addition to these requirements, the geotextile shall comply with the requirements of AASHTO M288 Table 1-Geotextile Strength Property Requirements, Class 3, for grab strength.

conditions to provide the functions of separation and reinforcement.

Physical Property Test Method Requirements Apparent opening size ASTM D 4751 Max. No. 20 sieve 283 245.03 In addition to this requirement, the geotextile shall comply with the requirements of AASHTO M 288 Table 1-Geotextile Strength Property Requirements, Class 3, for grab strength, tear strength, and puncture strength.

Physical Property Test Method Requirements Apparent opening size ASTM D 4751 Max. No. 20 sieve Seam strength ASTM D 4632 90% specified grab strength In addition to this requirement, the geotextile shall comply with the requirements of AASHTO M288 Table 1-Geotextile Strength Property Requirements, Class 1 for grab strength, tear strength, and puncture strength.

underdrain shall consist of a polymeric drainage core encased in a nonwoven filter fabric envelope having sufficient flexibility to withstand bending and handling without damage. Prefabricated geo - composite pavement underdrain shall conform to the following:

encountered chemicals and substances in the pavement environment and shall have a thickness of not less than 3/4 inch. Outer surfaces shall be smooth to prevent excessive wear of bonded filter fabric. Physical Property Test Method Requirements Compressive strength panel ASTM D1621/ Min. 40 psi at 20% deflection vertical strain and core area D2412/D6364 after 24 hrs at 0 deg F and at change 125 deg F Water flow rate (after 100 hr ASTM D4716 Min. 15 gal/min/ft width at 10 psi normal confining (for 12-in specimen length) pressure gradient of no more than 0.1)

not sag or block the flow channels, shall have a life equivalent to that of the core material, and shall conform to the requirements of (c) herein, except that grab strength shall meet AASHTO M288 Table 1, Class2.

drainage core encased in a nonwoven filter fabric envelope having sufficient flexibility to withstand bending and handling without damage. Geocomposite wall drains shall conform to the following:

commonly encountered chemicals and substances in the roadway. Outer surfaces shall be smooth to prevent excessive wear of bonded filter fabric. 284 245.03 Physical Property Test Method Requirements Compressive strength at 20% ASTM D1621/ Min. 40 psi at 20% deflection deflection D2412/D6364 after 24 hrs at 0 deg F and at 125 deg F Water flow rate (after 100 hr ASTM D4716 Min. 15 gal/min/ft width at 10 psi normal confining (for 12-in specimen length) pressure gradient of no more than 0.1)

Geotextile shall not sag or block the flow channels, shall have a life equivalent to that of the core material, and shall conform to the requirements of (c) herein, except that grab strength requirement shall meet AASHTO M288 Table 1, Class 2.

attack. geomembrane shall be constructed of PVC and shall conform to the requirements of the PVC Geomembrane Institute 1104 material specification for PVC geomembrane (Revision #1 effective April 15, 2008) and shall meet the following additional or more stringent requirements: Physical Property Test Method Requirements Thickness ASTM D5199 Min. 30 mils Tensile (1-in strip) ASTM D882 Min. 0.80 kip/ft (ultimate) Tear Strength (Die C) ASTM D1004 Min. 8 lbf Seam Seal Strength ASTM D1004 Min. 0.18kip/ft

de-watering basin for the purpose of filtering out suspended soil particles. The bag shall be capable of accommodating the water flow from the pump without leaking at the spout and seams. Physical Property Test Method Requirements Grab strength @ Elongation ASTM D4632 Min. 250 lb (min) >50%(CRE/Dry) Seam strength ASTM D4632 90% Specified grab strength Puncture ASTM D6241 Min. 150 lb Flow rate ASTM D4491 Min. 0.189 ft3/sec/ft2(min) Permittivity ASTM D4491 Min. 1.2 sec-1 UV resistance ASTM D4355 Min. 70% at 500 hr AOS ASTM D4751 Max. 100 sieve

interlayer material shall be from National Transportation Product Evaluation Program (NTPEP)-com- pliant manufacturers, and shall be evaluated through NTPEP; tests not covered by the NTPEP Geo- synthetics Work Plan shall be performed by independent, certified laboratories and submitted to the State Materials Engineer. Testing for products not covered by NTPEP shall be on a minimum 3-year cycle also. Terms defined by ASTM D4439 shall apply herein, except when they conflict with terms defined by Section 101. 285 245.03 For Paving Fabric, Paving Mat, Paving Grid, and Composite Paving Grid, the Contractor shall provide asphalt retention rates (ASTM D6140), material properties specified herein, and manufacturer’ s rec- ommendations for tack application to the Engineer at the preconstruction meeting. The total minimum tack coat application rate sprayed in the field shall meet the manufacturer’ s recommendations, but shall be clearly totaled at the preconstruction meeting as the components of the asphalt retention rate and the additional rate based on the anticipated surface condition of the pavement.

have 50% retained strength after 500 hours of UV exposure when tested in accordance with ASTM D4355. Property Test Method Type I Type II Mass per unit area, min (oz/yd2) ASTM D5261 4.5 4.1 Grab Tensile Strength, min (lbs.) ASTM D4632 120 101 Grab Tensile Elongation, min (%) ASTM D4632 50 50 Melting point, min (°F) ASTM D276 3201 3201 1 320 is the softening/melt point of polypropylene. See Section 318.03 for more on placement temperature.

of the following material types: fiberglass, polyester, or polypropylene. Paving mat shall meet the requirements of the table below. Property Test Method Type I Type II Type III Tensile Strength, min (lb/in) ASTM D5035 280 140 45 Ultimate Elongation, max (%) ASTM D5035 5 5 5 Melting Point, min (°F) ASTM D276 3201 3201 3201 Mass/Unit Area, min (oz/yd2) ASTM D5261 7.0 4.0 4.0 1 320 is the softening/melt point of polypropylene, which is lower than either polyester or fiberglass. See Section 318.03 for more on placement temperature.

and shall meet the requirements of the table below. Some paving grids are self-adhesive and some require nails for installation. . Tack coat required for the installation of the overlay shall be specified with the paving grid. Refer to manufacturer’ s recommendations for tack coat type and application rate. Property Test Method Type I Type II Type III Tensile Strength, min (lbs/in)1 ASTM D6637, 560 x 1,120 560 280 Method A, modified Aperture size, min (in) Calipered 0.5 0.5 0.5 Elongation, max (%) ASTM D6637 3 3 3 Mass per area, min (oz/yd2) ASTM D5261 16 10 5.5 Melting Point, min (°F) (fabric ASTM D276 4202 4202 4202 component – if applicable) 1 For Type I, machine and cross direction respectively. Strengths for Type II and III are in both directions. 286 245.03

polyester, or polyvinylacetate (PV A) paving grid integrated with a nonwoven geotextile and meet the requirements of the table below. Property Test Method Type I Type II Type III Tensile Strength, min (lbs/in)1 ASTM D6637, 560 x 1,120 560 280 Method A, modified Aperture size, min (in) Calipered 0.5 0.5 0.5 Elongation, max (%) ASTM D6637 5 5 10 Mass per area, min (oz/yd2) ASTM D5261 16 10 5.5 Melting Point, min (°F) (fabric ASTM D276 3202 3202 3202 component) 1 For Type I, machine and cross direction respectively. Strengths for Type II and III are in both directions. 2 320 is the assumed softening/melt point of PV A. See Section 318.03 for more on placement temperature.

strip membranes shall be comprised of composite self-adhering rubberized asphalt attached to a pavingfabric, a paving mat, or a paving grid and meet the requirements of the table below. Property Test Method Type Strip Tensile Strength, min (lb/in) ASTM D882 50 Puncture Resistance, min (lbs) ASTM E154 200 Permeance-Perms, max ASTM E-96 0.05 Method B Pliability - 1/4” Mandrel 180° ASTM D146 No cracks in fabric or Bend at -25 °F rubberized asphalt

as CL, CH or MH in accordance with ASTM D2487 and shall have a maximum coefficient of perme- ability of 1 x 10-6 cm/sec in accordance with ASTM D5084, after compaction. The maximum particle size shall be three inches in its largest dimension. Natural soils, which do not meet these specifications, may be blended with bentonite to provide the specified permeability characteristics. Geosynthetic Clay Liner shall have a maximum coefficient of permeability of 1 x 10-8 cm/sec in ac- cordance with ASTM D5887. This specification is not intended for dam embankment material or clay core cut-off trench material.

or polymeric compound. The coating shall have a high resistance to weathering, hydrocarbons, fresh and salt water, and temperature extremes. The curtain shall form a continuous vertical and horizontal barrier for the entire width and length of each section. Seams, if required, shall be either vulcanized welded or sewn and shall develop the full strength of the fabric. The curtain fabric shall meet the minimum requirements noted below: