587the outside edge to outside edge, including curb, and from the edge of slope protection at abutment to the bottom of the curtain wall or outside edge of the paved ditch as appropriate. This price shall include the slope protection, foundation course, welded wire fabric, herbicide treatment and splash blocks. Payment will be made under: ————————————————————————————Pay Item Pay Unit————————————————————————————Concrete block slope protection Square yard Concrete slab slope protection (Depth) Square yard———————————————————————————— SECTION 416—W ATERPROOFING
416.01 Description
This work shall consist of furnishing and applying waterproofing material on concrete bridge decks or other surfaces as shown on the plans.
416.02 Materials
Epoxy-resin compounds and aggregates for surface application shall conform to Section 243. Epoxy resin shall be Type EP-5, low viscosity, or Type EP-7 for concrete bridge deck applications and Type EP-3B/EP-3T for other bridge elements such as concrete beam ends and concrete substructure seat applications. Epoxy Type EP-3B shall be dark grey in color, unless otherwise specified on the Plans or elsewhere in the Contract.
416.03 Procedures
Epoxy-resin: Containers, tools, and mechanical equipment shall be free from solvents, loose material, and deposits of hardened material. The Contractor shall not apply epoxy resin when the concrete surface or the ambient air temperature is below 50 degrees F unless otherwise permitted by the manufacturer’ s instructions.
a.Surface preparation: Surfaces on which epoxy compounds are to be applied shall be free from grease, dirt, dust, paint, mill scale, curing compound, laitance, and other foreign material which may prove deleterious to bonding. Concrete surfaces on which epoxy compounds are to be used shall be abrasive blast cleaned suf - ficiently to expose the sound concrete. Surfaces that are not to receive epoxy compounds shall be protected from abrasive blast cleaning. Immediately following abrasive blast cleaning, the surface shall be thoroughly cleaned according to the epoxy resin manufacturer’ s instructions. Before epoxy compounds are applied to metal surfaces, surfaces shall be abrasive blast cleaned to a bright metallic luster according to Method 5 of Section 411. Wood surfaces shall be abrasive blast cleaned as needed to obtain proper adhesion of the epoxy.416.03 588(b) Mixing: Epoxy mortar shall be made by blending sand, epoxy resin, and hardener in accordance with the manufacturer’ s instructions. Batch sizes shall be limited to the maximum batch size recommended by the manufacturer. Mixed epoxy compounds shall be used within the manufacturer’ s specified pot life. The Engineer will not permit the addition of solvents or other materials to the mixture.
c.Application: Masking shall be used to form straight edges. The Contractor shall prevent epoxy resin from flowing into or over expansion joints. The first coat of epoxy resin shall be applied at the rate of 1 gallon per 75 square feet. Sand shall be broadcast in sufficient quantity, approximately 11 pounds per square yard, to cover the epoxy completely. Sand shall be firmly embedded so that at least 95 percent of the deck area displays a sand surface after brooming. The Contractor shall not broom the epoxy until the epoxy resin has cured sufficiently to prevent tearing. After curing, unbonded sand shall be broomed from the surface and may be reused if uncontaminated and has acceptable gradation. The second coat of epoxy resin shall be applied at the rate of 1 gallon of epoxy per 50 square feet. Requirements pertaining to masking, epoxy, flow, sand broadcasting, percentage of embedment, curing, and brooming shall also apply to the second coat of epoxy resin. The Engineer will not require sand to be broadcast into applications of Epoxy Type EP-3B/EP-3T used for concrete beam ends and concrete substructure seat applications. The Contractor shall make suitable provisions to prevent water from getting between the water - proofing and the waterproofed surface at the edges of the waterproofing system and at any point where it is punctured or interrupted by appurtenances such as drains or pipes. The waterproofing system shall be applied to areas noted on the Plans or elsewhere in the Contract. When applied to prestressed concrete slab and box beam units for new construction, application shall be made at the prestressing plant. Joints and damaged areas shall be waterproofed after erection.
d.Curing: Curing time shall conform to the manufacturer’ s recommendations. During this time, both pedestrian and vehicular traffic shall be barred from freshly placed epoxy surfaces.
416.04 Measurement and Payment
Waterproofing – Epoxy Resin (Type) will be measured in square yards and will be paid for at the contract unit price per square yard of completed surface as shown on the plans for the type specified. The cost of waterproofing applied to prestressed concrete members before erection and the cost of water - proofing joints and damaged areas shall be included in the price bid per member. Payment will be made under: ——————————————————————————— Pay Item Pay Unit——————————————————————————— Waterproofing – Epoxy Resin (Type) Square yard———————————————————————————416.03 589SECTION 417—DAMP-PROOFING
417.01 Description
This work shall consist of furnishing and applying damp-proofing material to concrete surfaces in accor - dance with the plans and these specifications.
417.02 Materials
Materials shall conform to Section 213 as applicable.
417.03 Procedures
a.Surface Preparation: Surfaces shall be cleaned of loose, foreign material or other substances, materials, etc. than may inhibit or prohibit successful continuous application and shall be dry. The Engineer may require the surface to be scrubbed with water and a stiff brush, after which it shall be allowed to dry before application of primer.
b.Application: The cleaned surface shall be brush painted or spray painted with at least two coats of primer, using at least 1/8 gallon per square yard of surface area per coat. On the primed surface, one application of an asphalt seal coat shall be applied by brush, using at least 1/10 gallon per square yard. Asphalt shall be confined to areas to be damp-proofed and shall not be dripped or spread on any other parts of the structure. The Contractor shall take protective measures and exercise care to prevent asphalt from being applied to non-designated areas.
417.04 Measurement and Payment
Damp-proofing, when a pay item, will be measured in square yards and will be paid for at the contract unit price per square yard. The price shall include damp-proofing materials, surface preparation, protective measures, and application. When not a pay item the cost of damp-proofing shall be included in the price for other appropriate pay items. Payment will be made under: ——————————————————Pay Item Pay Unit——————————————————Damp-proofing Square yard—————————————————— SECTION 418—TIMBER STRUCTURES
418.01 Description
This work shall consist of furnishing and erecting timber materials required to complete a structure in accordance with these specifications and in conformity with the lines and grades shown on the plans or as established by the Engineer.418.01
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 615–616 of 1,065.