5-351 SECTION 590 – BUILDINGS
590.01 DESCRIPTION . This work shall consist of constructing buildings at the locations shown in the
Plans and as directed by the Engineer.
590.02 MATERIALS . Materials shall meet the requirements of the following subsections:
Mortar, Type IV ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... 707.0 1(e) Joint Sealant, Elastomeric ................................ ................................ .......................... 707.1 6 Joint Sealant, Latex ................................ ................................ ................................ ....707.1 7 Structural Lumber and Timber ................................ ................................ ................... 709.01 Structural Steel ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 714.02 Carbon Steel Bolts, Nuts, and Washers ................................ ................................ .....714.04 Anchor Bolts for Bearing Devices ................................ ................................ ............. 714.08 Roofing Systems ................................ ................................ ................................ ........ 715.0 4 Epoxy Bonding System s ................................ ................................ ............................ 719.01 Paint shall be a durable, latex -based, exterior paint. The paint shall be a green color that matches the green roof color as closely as possible. The color shall be approved by the Engineer. The moisture content requirements of Subsection 709.01(b) will not apply to timbers where the actual (dressed) width and thickness of the timber are both greater than or equal to 5 inches. Oil sealers shall maintain stability under freeze/thaw conditions, provide deep penetration, shall be capable of being reapp lied without sanding or stripping, contain no toxic solvents or chemicals, and provide UV, mildew, and rot protection.
a.Roofing . Metal panels shall be 12 inches wide, 1 inch tall, have vertical ribs at the panel edges for the full length of the panel, and a flat pan between ribs. The panels shall be designed for sequential installation by mechanically attaching panels to supports using concealed clips located under one side of the panels, engaging the opposite edge of adjacent panels, and snapping the panels together. Metal panel joints shall be fabricated with factory -installed captive gaskets or separator strips that provide a weathertight seal and prevent metal -to-metal contact, and that minimize noise from movements. Metal panels may be factory -formed or fabricated on -site. Panels fabricated on -site shall be produced using UL -certified portable roll -forming equipment and shal l be of the same profile and warrantied by the manufacturer to be equal to factory -formed panels. Panels shall be fabricated according to the equipment manufacturer’s written instructions and shall comply with the details shown on the Plans. 5-352 (b) Windows . Windows shall be single panel fixed units. All frame and sash extruded sections shall be constructed from aluminum alloys suitable for the finish selected. The hardware components shall be of non -ferrous, non -magnetic metals or stainless steel. Frames sh all be sized to accommodate 1/2 -inch-thick polycarbonate plastic. Windows shall be a clear 1/2 -inch-thick polycarbonate plastic sheet that is impact, abrasive, UV, weathering, and graffiti resistant with high light transmission. Windows shall be accompan ied by a 10 -year manufacturer’s warranty against yellowing, abrasion, breakage, loss of light transmission, and coating failure.
c.Joint Sealants . Joint sealants shall be in accordance with Subsection 707.1 6 or Subsection 707.1 7. Joint sealants, backings , and other related materials shall be compatible with one another and with the joint substrates under conditions of service and application, as demonstrated by the sealant manufacturer, based on testing and field experience. The color of the joint sealant s shall be as indicated by the manufacturer’s designations.
d.Anchors . The Contractor may use cast -in-place anchors, drilled and mortared anchors, or an injection adhesive anchor system. Anchors shall be hot dipped galvanized threaded steel rods, comple te with nuts, washers, and, where applicable, a polymer or hybrid mortar adhesive injection system. Cast-in-place anchors shall be L -shaped, at least 8 inches long, and have a diameter of 3/4 inch. Drilled and mortared anchors and injection adhesive anch ors shall have a straight shank with a diameter of 3/4 inch. The adhesive component of injection adhesive anchor systems shall comply with AASHTO M 235 .
590.03 SUBMITTALS . The Contractor shall submit fabrication drawings in accordance with Subsection
105.06 The submittal shall contain, as a minimum, the following information:
a.Product data and test reports for each type of product.
b.Fabrication and installation layouts of metal roof panels. These shall include details of edge conditions, joints, panel profiles, corners, anchorages, attachment system, trim, flashings, closures, accessories, and special details. 5-353 (c) Drawings of the windows showing all sections and details.
d.Instructions and installation recommendations an d a full explanation of proper receipt, handling, storage, and installation procedures for all components.
e.Samples of special warranties. Prior to performing any work under this section, the Contractor shall have received approval for all fabrication d rawings. The Contractor shall notify the Engineer a minimum of 7 calendar days prior to beginning assembly. The Contractor shall bear full responsibility for costs of all materials ordered, raw materials stockpiled, and for work performed prior to approval of the fabrication drawings or written authorization from the Engineer.
590.04 INSTALLATION . Installation shall meet the following requirements:
a.Framing . Timber framing joints shall be mortised and tenoned using traditional timber framing methods. MDO plywood exposed surfaces shall be primed and painted with a durable exterior latex paint to the satisfaction of the Engineer. All exposed wood surfaces shall be finished with a transparent penetrating oil sealer to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
b.Roofing .
1.Pre-Installation Conference . Prior to installing the roof, a conference shall be conducted with the Engineer at a location determined by the Agency.
2.Qualifications . The Contractor shall employ installers and supervisors who are trained and approved by the manufacturer.
3.Preparation . Sub -framing, furring, and other miscellaneous panel support members and anchorages shall be installed in accordance with ASTM C754 and the metal panel manufacturer’s written recommendations.
4.Underlayment Installation . Felt underlayment shall be applied over the entire roof surface in a shingle fashion to shed water. Joints shall be lapped at least 2 inches. Slip sheet shall be applied over the underlayment before metal roof panels are installed. Flashing shall be installed to cover underlayment and to comply with industry standards. 5-354 (5) Roof Installation .
a.Standing -Seam Metal Roof Panel Installation . Metal roof panels shall be fastened to supports with concealed clips at each standing -seam joint at locations, spacings, and with fasteners recommended in writing by the manufacturer.
1.Clips . Clips shall be connected to supports with self -tapping fasteners.
2.Pressure Plates . Pressure plates shall be installed at the locations i ndicated in the manufacturer’s written installation instructions.
3.Snap Joint . Standing seams shall be nested and fastened together by interlocking such that the factory -applied sealant is completely engaged.
4.Seamed Joint . Standing seams shall be crimped with a manufacturer - approved motorized seamer tool so that the clip, metal roof panel, and factory -applied sealant are completely engaged.
5.Watertight Installation . A continuous ribbon of sealant or tape, as recommended by the manufacturer, shall be applied to seal joints of metal panels to make them watertight. Sealant or tape shall be placed between panels and protruding equipment, vents, and accessories. At panel splices, panels shall be nested with a minimum 6 -inch end lap, sealed with seala nt, and fastened together by interlocking clamping plates.
b.Accessory Installation . Accessories shall be positively anchored using a weathertight mounting that provides for thermal expansion. Installation shall be coordinated with flashings and other com ponents.
c.Flashing and Trim . Installation of flashing and trim shall comply with performance requirements, the manufacturer’s written installation instructions, and the SMACNA Architectural Sheet Metal Manual . Concealed fasteners shall be used where poss ible, and units shall be set true to line and level as indicated. Laps, joints, and seams shall be permanently watertight and weather resistant.
6.Cleaning and Protection . Temporary protective coverings and strippable films, if present, shall be removed as metal panels are installed, unless otherwise indicated in the manufacturer ’s written installation instructions. Upon completion of metal panel installation, finished surfaces shall be cleaned as recommended by the metal panel manufacturer. The roof shal l be maintained in a clean condition during construction. 5-355 (c) Windows . The Contractor shall comply with the manufacturer’s specifications and recommendations for the installation of window units, hardware, operators, and other components of the work. Units shall be set plumb, level, and true to line, without warp or rack of frames or sash, and anchored securely in place. Aluminum, zinc coated, and other corrodible metal surfaces shall be separated from sources of corrosion or electrolytic action at points of contact with other materials. Metal surfaces shall be cleaned promptly after installation of windows. Care shall be taken to avoid damage to the protective coating, if any. Any excess glazing and sealant compounds, dirt, or other substances shall be rem oved. The manufacturer shall advise the Contractor of protective treatments and other precautions required through the remainder of the construction period to ensure that window units will not have suffered damage or deterioration at the time of acceptance.
d.Joint Sealant .
1.General Requirements . Joint sealants shall not be installed under the following conditions:
a.When ambient and substrate temperature conditions are outside limits permitted by the joint -sealant manufacturer or are below 40°F.
b.When joint substrates are wet.
c.Where joint widths are less than or greater than those allowed by the joint -sealant manufacturer for the applications indicated.
d.When contaminants capable of interfering with adhesion have not yet been removed from joint substrates.
e.When substrates have not cured sufficiently.
2.Surface Cleaning of Joints . Joints shall be cleaned out immediately prior to installing joint sealants to comply with the joint -sealant manufacturer’s written instructions and the following requirements:
a.All foreign material that could interfere with adhesion of the joint sealant, including dust, paints (except for permanent, protective coatings tested and approved for sealant adhesion and compatibility by the sealant manufacturer ), old joint sealants, oil, grease, waterproofing, water repellents, water, surface dirt, and frost shall be removed from joint substrates. 5-356 b. Porous joint substrate surfaces shall be cleaned by brushing, grinding, blast cleaning, mechanical abrading, or a combination of these methods to produce a clean, sound substrate capable of developing an optimum bond with joint sealants. Loose particles remaining after cleaning operations shall be removed by vacuuming or blowing out joints with oil -free compressed air. Porous joint substrates include concrete, masonry, wood, and unglazed surfaces of ceramic tile.
c.Nonporous surfaces shall be cleaned with chemical cleaners or other means that do not stain, harm substrates, or leave residues capable of interfering w ith the adhesion of joint sealants. Nonporous joint substrates include metal, glass, porcelain enamel, and glazed surfaces of ceramic tile.
3.Joint Priming . Masking tape shall be used where required to prevent contact of sealants with adjoining surfaces that otherwise would be permanently stained or damaged by such contact or by cleaning methods required to remove sealant smears. Masking tape shall be removed immediately after tooling without disturbing the joint seal. This work shall comply with the joint sealant manufacturer’s written installation instructions, unless more stringent requirements apply.
4.Sealant Installation . Sealant backings shall be installed to support sealants during application. Installation shall meet the following requiremen ts:
a.Gaps shall not be left between the ends of sealant backings.
b.Sealant backings shall not be stretched, twisted, punctured, or torn.
c.Excess material shall be removed.
d.Absorbent sealant backings that have become wet shall be removed before sea lant application and replaced with dry materials. Bond -breaker tape shall be installed behind sealants where sealant backings are not used between sealants and backs of joints.
e.Sealants shall be installed using proven techniques at the same time backin gs are installed.
f.Sealants shall be placed so they directly contact and fully wet joint substrates. 5-357 g. Recesses in each joint configuration shall be completely filled.
h.Installation shall produce uniform cross -sectional shapes and depths relative to joint widths that allow optimum sealant movement capability.
i.Sealants shall be applied in uniform, continuous ribbons without gaps or air pockets.
5.Tooling of Sealants . Immediately after sealant application and before skinning or curing begins, sealant shall be tooled according to the requirements specified below.
a.Excess sealant shall be removed from surfaces adjacent to joints.
b.Only tooling agents that are approved in writing by the sealant manufacturer and that do not discolor sea lants or adjacent surfaces shall be used.
c.The joint shall have a concave configuration as shown in ASTM C1193 , Figure 5A , unless otherwise indicated on the Plans. Damaged or deteriorated joint sealants shall be removed immediately such that installations with repaired areas are indistinguishable from original work. Excess sealant or sealant smears adjacent to joints shall be cleaned off as the work progresses by methods and with cleaning materials approved in writing by the manufacturers of the joint sealant and of the products in which the joints occur.
e.Anchors .
1.Cast-In-Place Anchors . Cast -in-place anchors shall have a minimum embedment of 6 inches.
2.Post-Installed Anchors .
a.General Requirements . Unless otherwise shown on the P lans, all holes shall be drilled perpendicular to the concrete surface. Post -installed anchors shall have a minimum embedment of 6 inches.
1.Embedded Items . The position of reinforcing steel and other embedded items shall be identified prior to drilling h oles for anchors. The Contractor shall exercise care in drilling to avoid damaging existing reinforcing or embedded items. The Contractor shall notify the Engineer if reinforcing steel or other embedded items are encountered during drilling. 5-358 2. Base Material Strength . Unless otherwise specified, holes shall not be drilled in the concrete until it has achieved its full design strength.
b.Drilled and Mortared Anchors . Holes for drilled and mortared anchors shall be 1 inch to 1 -1/2 inches greater in dia meter than the anchor. Holes shall be cleaned to remove any loose material and drilling dust prior to the installation of anchor. Anchors shall be secured with Type IV mortar.
c.Injection Adhesive Anchor Systems . Holes for injection adhesive anchor system s shall be of the diameter specified by the anchor manufacturer. All holes shall be cleaned in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions to remove loose material and drilling dust prior to the installation of adhesive. The Contractor shall follow t he manufacturer’s recommendations to ensure proper mixing of adhesive components. Adhesive shall be injected into holes proceeding from the bottom of the hole and progressing toward the surface in such a manner as to avoid introduction of air pockets in th e adhesive. Sufficient adhesive shall be injected into the hole to ensure that the annular gap is filled to the surface. Excess adhesive shall be removed from the surface. Anchors shall be shimmed with a suitable device to center the anchor in the hole. An chors shall not be disturbed or loaded before the cure time specified by the manufacturer has elapsed. The manufacturer’s recommendations with respect to installation temperatures shall be observed.
3.Misplaced or Malfunctioning Anchors . Misplaced or m alfunctioning anchors shall be removed and replaced at no additional cost to the Agency. Empty anchor holes and failed anchor locations shall be filled and patched with high -strength, non -shrink, non -metallic grout. Anchors that fail to meet proof load req uirements will be regarded as malfunctioning.
4.Testing . Each anchor shall be subjected to a proof load of 3,000 pounds in accordance with ASTM E3121 . The proof load shall be applied with a calibrated hydraulic ram. The displacement of the anchor at the proof load shall not exceed D/10, where D is the nominal anchor diameter.
590.05 METHOD OF MEASUREMENT . The quantity of Bus Shelter to be measured for payment will
be the number of bus shelters installed in the complete and accepted work. 5-359 590.06 BASIS OF PAYMENT . The accepted quantity of Bus Shelter will be paid for at the Contract unit price for each. Payment will be full compensation for furnishing and installing a bus shelter as specified and for furnishing all labor, materials, tools, equipment, and incidentals necessary to complete the work. Payment will be made under: Pay Item Pay Unit 590.0010 Bus Shelter ................................ ................................ ................................ Each 5-360 This Page Intentionally Left Blank 6-1 DIVISION 600 MISCELLANEOUS CONSTRUCTION SECTIO N 601 – CULVERT S AND STOR M DRAINS 601.0 1 DESCRIPTION . This work shall consist of the construction, cleaning, and reconditioning or reconstruction of culverts and storm drains, hereinafter referred to as pipe. 601.0 2 MATERIALS . Materials shall meet the requirements of the following subsection s: Mortar, Type II ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... 707.0 1(c) Rubber Gaskets ................................ ................................ ................................ .......... 707.09 Reinforced Concrete Pipe ................................ ................................ .......................... 710.01 Reinforced Concrete Pipe End Sections ................................ ................................ ....710.02 Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe (CPEP) ................................ ................................ ......710.03 Corrugated Polypropylene Pipe (CPPP) ................................ ................................ ....710.0 6 Corrugated Steel Pipe, Pipe Arches, and Underdrains ................................ .............. 711.01 Corrugated Aluminum Alloy Pipe, Pipe Arches, and Underdrains ........................... 711.02 Polymeric Coated Corrugated Steel Pipe and Pipe Arches ................................ .......711.03 Coal -Tar Based Coating ................................ ................................ ............................. 711.0 4 All units in each pipe or pipe arch installation, including elbows, end sections, coupling bands, and reducer units, shall b e of the same material , except that corrugated steel pipe end sections shall be used with polymeric coated corrugated steel pipe and pipe arches. When either corrugated steel pipe or pipe arches with 5 inch × 1 inch corrugations are shown on the Plans, the Contractor may substitute pipe or pipe arches of the same thickness with 3 inch × 1 inch corrugations at no additional compensation. 601.0 3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS . Care shall be exercised when unloading pipe s from delivery trucks and moving pipe s to their final position . If the Engineer rejects damaged pipe, new pipe shall be furnished by the Contractor at no additional cost to the Agency. Unless otherwise directed by the Engineer, the Contractor shall provide for the temporary diversion of water to permit the installation of the pipe in a reasonably dry trench. The location of all pipe installation s shall be approved by the Engineer.
Source: Vermont Standard Specifications for Construction, 2024 Edition. Pages 765–774 of 1,380.