7-52 Sectio N 711 – Culverts , Stor M Drains , and Sewe R Pipes , Metal
711.0 1 CORRUGATE D STEEL PIPE, PIPE ARCHES , AND UNDERDRAINS . Corrugated steel pipe, elbows, end sections, reducer units, pipe arches, underdrain, risers, flushing basins, and coupling bands shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 36 . Material furnished under this subsection shall be formed from sheet material coated in accordance with AASHTO M 218, AASHTO M 274 , or AASHTO M 289.
a.Coupling Bands . Coupling bands shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 36 , with the following modifications:
1.Coupling bands and their connections shall be of such dimensions as required to meet the Erodible Special Joint category criteria of AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, Section 26 . Structural steel for band connections shall meet the requir ements of ASTM A36 .
a.The only approved method of connection and connection details at the ends of the bands shall be 2 inch 2 inch 3/16 inch galvanized steel angles extending the full width of the band as detailed in Standard Drawing D-4.
b.12-gauge die -cast angles shall be used with a configuration that provides at least the same section modulus as the 2 inch 2 inch 3/16 inch angle, extending the full width of the band.
c.A minimum of two bolts shall be used for 7 inch wide coupling bands, three bolts shall be used for 12 inch wide coupling bands, and five bolts shall be used for 24 inch wide coupling bands. All bolts shall be uniformly spaced. Bolts, nuts, and other threaded items used with coupling bands shall be coated by the electroplating process as specified in ASTM B633, Class Fe/Zn 25, the zinc coating process as specified in AASHTO M 232 , or the mechanical zinc coating process as specifi ed in ASTM B695 , Class 25.
d.Angles shall be connected to bands by one of the following methods:
1.Spot welds spread over full width of the band
2.Stitch -welds over the full width of the band
3.Attached by rivets
7-53 (2) The minimum coupling band thickness shall be 1/16 inch, and bands shall be no more than
two nominal sheet thicknesses thinner than the wall thickness of the culvert or unit being connected. Coupling bands and die -cast angles may be formed from any one of the three types of sheet ma terial specified above.
3.The use of projection pipe coupling (dimpled) bands or preformed channel bands is not allowed.
4.The Contractor may submit alternate coupling bands for approval to the Agency and shall allow 30 days for evaluation. Coupling ba nds shall not be shipped to project s until the Contractor has been notified that the coupling proposed band has been approved by the Agency.
5.For attaching metal end sections to corrugated steel pipe, the Contractor may supply 1 inch wide × 12 -gauge gal vanized straps connected by a 1/2 inch galvanized bolt and nut for 12 inch through 24 inch diameter round pipes, and for 28 inch 20 inch pipe arches and smaller.
b.End Sections . Materials used in the manufacture of end sections shall conform to the req uirements of AASHTO M 36 , except that the dimensions, thickness of metal, and fabrication shall be in accordance with the Contract.
c.Reducer Units . Materials used in the manufacture of concentric metal reducer units shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 36, except that the maximum and minimum diameters, dimensions, thickness of metal, and fabrication shall be in accordance with the Contract.
d.Underdrain . Perforated underdrain including all lateral and special connections shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 36 . The required minimum sheet metal thickness shall be 0.052 inch for 6 -inch diameter underdrain and 0.064 inch for 8 -inch diameter underdrain and larger.
f.Underdrain Risers and Flushing Basins . Underdrain risers and flushing ba sins, including all connectors, fittings, and covers shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 36 , except that the dimensions, thickness of metal, and fabrication shall be in accordance with the Contract. Underdrain risers and flushing basins shall not be perforated.
g.Marking . All material furnished under this subsection shall be clearly marked in an approved manner with the name or trademark of the pipe fabricator and the sheet metal thickness.
7-54 711.0 2 Corrugate D Aluminu M Allo Y Pipe, Pipe Arch Es, and Underdrain S.
a.Coupling Bands . Coupling bands shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 196.
1.Coupling bands and their connections shall be of such dimensions as required to meet the Erodible Special Joint category criteria of the AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Brid ges, Section 26 .
2.Coupling band connections shall meet the following parameters:
a.Coupling bands connections shall have either 2 inch 2 inch 1/4 inch aluminum angles that meet the requirements of ASTM B221, Alloy 6063 -T6 or 12 -gauge minimum die -cast aluminum angles. Angles shall extend the full width of the band.
b.Coupling bands connections shall have a minimum shear strength capacity of 6.3 kips.
c.Connections shall be made with a minimum of two bolts for 7 inch wide coupling bands, three bolts for 12 inch wide coupling bands, and five bolts for 24 inch wide bands. Bolts shall be uniformly spaced across the width of the band. Bolts, nuts, and other threaded items shall be coated in accordance with Subsection 711.01(a)(1)c .
d.Coupling bands conn ections shall have angles attached to the bands by stitch - welding over the full width of the band or by rivets uniformly spaced across the width of the band.
3.The minimum coupling band thickness shall be 0.06 inch, and bands shall be no more than two no minal sheet thicknesses thinner than the wall thickness of the culvert being connected.
4.Alternate coupling bands may be submitted for approval as specified in Subsection 711.01(a)(5) .
b.End Sections . Materials used in the manufacture of end sections shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 196 , except that the dimensions, thickness of metal, and fabrication shall be in accordance with the Contract.
c.Reducer Units . Materials used in the manufacture of concentric reducer units shall conform to t he requirements of AASHTO M 196 , except that the maximum and minimum diameters, dimensions, thickness of metal, and fabrication shall be in accordance with the Contract.
7-55 (d) Underdrain Risers and Flushing Basins . Underdrain risers and flushing basins, inc luding all
connectors, fittings, and covers shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 196 , except that the dimensions, thickness of metal, and fabrication shall be in accordance with the Contract. Underdrain risers and flushing basins shall not be perf orated.
e.Marking . All material furnished under this subsection shall be clearly marked in an approved manner with the name or trademark of the pipe fabricator and the sheet metal thickness. 711.0 3 POLYMERI C COATE D CORRUGATE D STEEL PIPE AND PIPE ARCHES . Polymeric coated corrugated steel pipe, elbows, reducer units, and pipe arches shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 245 . Polymeric coating shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 246, Grade 250/250.
a.Coupling Bands . Coupling bands shall conform to the re quirements of Subsection 711.01(a) modified as follows:
1.Coupling bands and die -cast angles shall be formed from sheet material coated in accordance with AASHTO M 218 , AASHTO M 245 , AASHTO M 274 , or AASHTO M 289 .
2.Coupling bands formed from AASHTO M 274 or AASHTO M 289 material shall be not more than one nominal sheet thickness thinner than the wall thickness of the culvert or unit being connected.
3.Coupling bands formed from AASHTO M 245 material shall be not mo re than two nominal sheet thicknesses thinner than the thickness of the culvert or unit being connected. Angles must be attached to the band by rivets.
4.Coupling bands formed from AASHTO M 218 material shall be the same nominal sheet thickness as the cu lvert or units being connected. Angles must be attached to the band with rivets or by stitch -welding over the full width of the band.
b.End Sections . Materials used in the manufacture of end sections shall conform to the requirements of Subsection 711.01 (b).
c.Reducer Units . Materials used in the manufacture of concentric reducer units shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 245 , except that the maximum and minimum diameters, dimensions, thickness of metal, and fabrication shall be in accordance with the Contract.
d.Marking . All material furnished under this subsection shall be clearly marked in an approved manner with the name or trademark of the pipe fabricator and the sheet metal thickness.
7-56 711.0 4 COAL -TAR BASE D COATING . Coal -tar based coating used to repair damaged areas of
polymeric coating shall meet the requi rements of AASHTO M 243 . 711.0 5 STRUCTURA L PLATES , BOLTS , AND NUTS . Structural steel plates, bolts, and nuts for pipe, pipe-arches, arches, and box culverts shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 167 . Structural aluminum alloy plate, bolts, and nuts for pipe, pipe -arches, arches, and box culverts shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 219 .
a.Dimensions . The thickness of the plates or sheets and the radius of curvature shall be as specified in the Contract. Each plate or sheet shall be curved to one or more circular arcs.
b.Fabrication . Plates shall be formed to provide lap joints. The bolt holes shall be punched so that all plates having like dimensions, curvature, and the same number of bolts per foot of seam shall be interchangeable. Each plate shall be curved to the proper radius so that the cross -sectional dimensions of the finished structure will be as specified in the Contract. Bolt holes along those edges of the plates that form longitudinal seams in the finished structure shall be in two rows. Bolt holes alon g those edges of the plates that form circumferential seams in the finished structure shall provide for a bolt spacing of not more than 12 inches. The minimum distance from center of hole to edge of the plate shall not be less than 1.75 times the diameter of the bolt. The diameter of the bolt holes in the longitudinal seams shall not exceed the diameter of the bolt by more than 1/8 inch. Cut edges shall be free from oxide and burrs. Legible identification numerals shall be placed on each plate to designate its proper position in the finished structure. Unless otherwise specified in the Contract, plate pi pes shall be elongated so that the finished pipe is elliptical in shape with the vertical diameter approximately 5% greater than the nominal diameter of the pipe. Pipe arches shall not be elongated.
7-57 Section 713 – Concrete Reinforcing Materials
713.01 BAR REINFORCEMENT . Bar reinforcement shall be Grade 60 deformed bar unless otherwise specified herein.
a.Reinforcing Steel . Reinforcing steel shall be in accordance with AASHTO M 31 , Type S, including supplementary requirements. Reinforcing steel shall not have corrosion protection.
b.Low-Alloy Reinforcing Steel . Low -alloy reinforcing steel shall be in accordance with AASHTO M 31, Type W.
c.Epoxy -Coated Reinforcing Steel . Epoxy -coated reinforcing st eel shall have an electrostatically applied epoxy protective coating which has been prequalified, fabricated, tested, and installed in accordance with the requirements of ASTM A775 . Steel reinforcing bars to be coated shall be in accordance with ASTM A615 or ASTM A706 .
d.Dual -Coated Reinforcing Steel . Dual -coated reinforcing steel shall be in accordance with ASTM A1055 , Type I or Type II . Steel reinforcing bars to be coated shall be in accordance with ASTM A615 or ASTM A706 .
e.Continuous Galvanized Rein forcing Steel . Continuous galvanized reinforcing steel shall be in accordance with ASTM A1094 . Steel reinforcing bars to be coated shall be in accordance with ASTM A615 or ASTM A706 .
f.Low-Carbon, Chromium, Steel . Low -carbon, chromium, steel shall be in accordance with AASHTO M 334 and UNS designation K81550, Grade 100.
g.Hot-Dipped Galvanized Reinforcing Steel . Hot -dipped galvanized reinforcing steel shall be in accordance with ASTM A767 , Class 1 coating. Steel reinforcing bars to be coated shall be in accordance with ASTM A615 or ASTM A706 . Chromate treatment will not be required.
h.Solid Stainless Reinforcing Steel . Solid stainless reinforcing steel shall be in accordance with ASTM A955 with a UNS designation of S24100, S31653, S32101, S32205, or S3 2304. Different designations shall not be mixed within the same project. Elongation requirements for solid stainless reinforcing steel shall be the same as for the equivalent size and grade of AASHTO M 31 , Type S reinforcing steel.
Source: Vermont Standard Specifications for Construction, 2024 Edition. Pages 1204–1208 of 1,380.