7-2 Section 702 – Bituminous Materials
702.01 PERFORMANCE -GRADED ASPHALT BINDER . Performance graded asphalt binder shall come from an approved source that participates in the AASHTO Product Evaluation & Audit Solutions Asphalt Binder Suppliers program, in accordance with the Agency’s Bituminous Concrete Policy Manual . Asphalt binder shall be homogenous, uniformly mixed , and blended liquid bituminous materials that are free of contaminants such as water, fuel oils, or other solvents, and shall not foam when heated to 350°F. Neat asphalt binder shall be asphalt prepared solely by the refining of crude petroleum. Asphalt binder may be modified only with the addition of SBS polymer modifiers and low temperature modifiers. All asphalt binder shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M 332, except requirements for Jnrdiff are waived. In addition, traffic level designation H, V, and E binder shall meet the requirements of AASHTO R 92, and after 40 -hours of aging have a ΔT c value greater than -5.0°C when measured in accordance with AASHTO PP 113 . Asphalt binder shall not cont ain re -refined engine oil bottoms, vacuum tower asphalt extenders or other modifiers produced from recycled petroleum products. For modified binders, the certificate of analysis and bill of lading shall include the modifier types. The asphalt binder manuf acturer or supplier shall furnish a certificate of analysis and bill of lading representing each delivery in accordance with the requirements of AASHTO R 26 . The certificate of analysis shall include the binder’s specific gravity, and rotational viscosity for each shipment. Asphalt binder that is not modified during the initial refining process shall constitute neat binder and shall be labeled appropriately. The asphalt binder shall be manufactured and handled in accordance with the manufacturer or supplier ’s quality systems manual . The manufacturer or supplier shall remain in compliance with the quality systems manual , including all notification, sampling, testing, and reporting requirements. The grades and traffic designations of asphalt binder specified in the Plans shall be as follows:
a.58S-28.
b.58H-28.
c.58V-28.
d.58E-28.
e.58S-34.
7-3 (f) 58H-34.
g.58V-34.
h.58E-34. 702.02 EMULSIFIED ASPHALT . Emulsified asphalts shall be homogeneous. They shall show no separation of asphalt at the time of use and shall be used within 30 calendar days after delivery from the manufacturer or supplier. Emulsified asphalts shall not be allowed to freeze. Emulsified asphalt for tack coats shall comply with the type and class of emulsion specified, but the grade shall be allowed to extend from the intermediate to the hard grade for penetration. Diluted emulsified asphalts shall meet the requirements of the specified emulsion type and shall be diluted in a 1:1 ratio with water or a compatible surfactant solution. The resulting diluted product shall be a fluid, homogenous mixture capable of being s prayed evenly by a pressure distributor. The minimum residual content of the final diluted product shall be 50% of the residual content required for the undiluted emulsified asphalt.
a.Anionic Emulsified Asphalt . Anionic emulsified asphalts shall meet t he requirements of AASHTO M 140 and shall be one of the following types:
1.RS-1.
2.RS-1h.
3.MS-2h.
4.HFMS -2.
5.HFMS -2h.
6.HFMS -2s.
7.SS-1.
a.SS-1 Diluted .
8.SS-1h.
a.SS-1h Diluted .
7-4 (b) Cationic Emulsified Asphalt . Cationic emulsified asphalts shall meet the requirements of AASHTO
M 208 and shall be one of the following types:
1.CRS -1.
2.CRS -1h.
3.CMS -2h.
4.CSS-1.
a.CSS-1 Diluted .
5.CSS-1h.
a.CSS-1h Diluted .
c.Polymer -Modified Emulsified Asphalt . Polymer -modified emulsified asphalts shall meet the requirements of AASHTO M 316 and shall be one of the following types:
1.CRS -1P. 702.03 WARM -MIX ASPHALT TECHNOLOGIES . Warm -mix asphalt (WMA) technologies used for the purposes of lowering the mixing or compaction temperatures of bituminous concrete mixtures shall be listed on the NEAUPG Qualified WMA Technologies list. WMA technologies that also act as an anti - strip agent , and are dosed to abate stripping, shall also meet the requirements of Subsection 702.04 . 702.04 ANTI -STRIP ADDITIVES . Anti -strip additives shall be capable of improving the bonding properties of the performance -graded asphalt binder to the aggregates in the presence of moisture and shall also be capable of reducing film stripping.
a.General Requirements . Anti-strip additives shall be heat stable for all temperature ranges prescribed for the performance -graded asphalt binder. They shall not change the grade of the asphalt binder. Anti -strip additives shall be capable of being thoroughly dispersed in the asphalt binder and of remaining stable in the asphalt binder, in storage, and at the temperatures specified for the mix, without losing effe ctiveness. The percentage of anti -strip additive included in the mixture shall be as recommended by the anti -strip additive manufacturer.
b.Performance Requirements . Bituminous concrete mixtures containing anti -strip additive shall demonstrate no loss o f adhesion of the performance -graded asphalt binder to the aggregate when tested in accordance with ASTM D3625 .
7-5 702.05 HOT RECYCLING AGENTS . Hot recycling agents shall be petroleum -based agents used to
recondition the materials in hot in -place recycling.
a.Recycling Agents . Recycling agents shall be Grade RA25 in accordance with ASTM D4552 , except as modified below .
1.Flash Point . The flash point of residue from distillation shall be a minimum of 419°F as determined in accordance with AASHTO T 48 .
b.Emulsified Recycling Agents . Emulsified recycling agents shall be recycling agents meeting the requirements of Subsection 702.05(a) which have been emulsified and shall also meet the requirements of Table 702.05A . TABLE 702.05A – EMULSIFIED RECYCLING AGENT REQUIREMENTS Property Test Method Min. Max. Other Requirements Specific gravity AASHTO T 228 -- -- Report value Viscosity, Saybolt F urol (25ºC, s ec.) AASHTO T 59 15 85 -- Storage stability (24 h ours, %) AASHTO T 59 -- 1.0 -- Sieve (%) AASHTO T 59 -- 0.1 -- Cement mixing (%) AASHTO T 59 -- 2.0 -- Asphalt content by evaporation (%) AASHTO T 59 65.0 -- --
7-6 Sectio N 703 – Soils and Borro W Materials
703.0 1 CLASSIFICATIO N OF SOILS . Based upon their field performance, soils shall be classified into seven groups that are designated as A -1, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-5, A-6, and A -7. This classification shall be based upon the results of tests made in accordance with AASHTO M 145 , as specified in Table 703.01A . TABLE 703.01A – CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS General Classification Granular Materials Silt-Clay Materials Group Classification A-1-a A-1-b A-3 A-2-4 A-2-5 A-2-6 A-2-7 A-4 A-5 A-6 A-7-5 1 A-7-6 2 Sieve Designation Percentage by Mass (Weight) Passing Square Mesh Sieves No. 10 (2.00 mm) ≤ 50 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- No. 40 (0.425 mm) ≤ 30 ≤ 50 ≥ 51 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- No. 200 (0.075 mm) ≤ 15 ≤ 25 ≤ 10 ≤ 35 ≤ 35 ≤ 35 ≤ 35 ≥ 36 ≥ 36 ≥ 36 ≥ 36 ≥ 36 Property Characteristics of the Fraction Passing the No. 40 (0.425 mm) Sieve Liquid Limit -- -- ≤ 40 ≥ 41 ≤ 40 ≥ 41 ≤ 40 ≥ 41 ≤ 40 ≥ 41 Plasticity Index ≤ 6 NP 3 ≤ 10 ≤ 10 ≥ 11 ≥ 11 ≤ 10 ≤ 10 ≥ 11 ≥ 11 1, 2 Usual Types of Soil Gravel and sand Fine sand Silty or clayey gravel and sand Silty soils Clay soils 1 The plasticity index of the A -7-5 subgroup is equal to or less than the liquid limit minus 30 . 2 The plasticity index of the A -7-6 subgroup is greater than the liquid limit minus 30 . 3 NP = Non-plastic Begin the classification procedure by taking the required data and proceeding from left to right in Table 703.01A . The correct group will be found by the process of elimination. The first group from the left into which the test data will fit is the correct classification. Where the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) is referenced in the Contract, it shall be based on the soil classification chart in ASTM D2487 .
Source: Vermont Standard Specifications for Construction, 2024 Edition. Pages 1154–1157 of 1,380.