Effective with the December 2018 Letting 123 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 305 Dense-Graded Base
305.1 Description
1.This section describes constru cting a dense-graded base using one or more of the following aggregates at the contractor's option: Crushed stone Reclaimed asphalt Crushed gravel Reprocessed material Crushed concrete Blended material
305.2 Materials
305.2.1 General
1.Provide aggregate conforming to 301.2 for crushed stone, crushed gravel, crushed concrete, reclaimed asphalt, rep rocessed material, o r blended material. Provide QMP for dense-graded base as specified in 730.
2.Where the contract specifies o r allows 1 1/4-inch base, do not place reclaimed asphalt, reprocessed material, or blended materials below virgin aggregate materials unless the contract specifies or the engineer allows in writing.
305.2.2 Gradations
305.2.2 1 General
1.Except for reclaimed asphalt, c onform to the following gradati on requirements: PERCENT PASSING BY WEIGHT SIEVE 3-INCH 1 1/4-INCH 3/4-INCH 3-inch 90 - 100 ___ ___ 1 1/2-inch 60 - 85 ___ ___ 1 1/4-inch ___ 95 - 100 ___ 1-inch ___ ___ 100 3/4-inch 40 - 65 70 - 93 95 - 100 3/8-inch ___ 42 - 80 50 - 90 No. 4 15 - 40 25 - 63 35 - 70 No. 10 10 - 30 16 - 48 15 - 55 No. 40 5 - 20 8 - 28 10 - 35 No. 200 2.0 - 12.0 2.0 - 12.0[1][3] 5.0 - 15.0[2] [1] Limited to a maximum of 8.0 per cent for base pl aced between ol d and new pavement. [2] 8.0 - 15.0 percent if base is >= 50 percent crushed gravel. [3] 4.0 - 10.0 percent if base is >= 50 percent crushed gravel.
2.Unless the plans or special pr ovisions specify otherwise, do t he following: 1. Use 1 1/4-inch in base course layers. Always use 1 1/4-inch in the top 4 inches o f base. The contractor may substitute 3-inch for 1 1/4- inch in lower base zones including material underlying the shoulder. 2. Use 3/4-inch in shoulders. Always use 3/4-inch to match the thickness of the paved shoulder in the unpaved portion of the shoulder and on exposed shoulder foreslo pes. The contractor may substitute 1 1/4- inch for 3/4-inch elsewhere in shoulders and shoulder foreslope s. If using 1 1/4-inch, limit the al lowable reclaimed as phalt content to 50 percent or less.
305.2.2 2 Reclaimed Asphalt
1.The contractor may use reclaim ed asphalt with 100 percent passing a 1 1/4-inch sieve as 1 1/4-inch base. The engineer will assess gradation primarily by visual in spection but may test questionable material.
305.3 Construction
305.3.1 General
1.Construct dense-graded base conforming to 301.3 .
305.3.2 Compaction 305.3.2.1 General
1.Compact each base layer, including shoulder foreslopes, with e quipment specified in 301.3.1 . Use standard compaction conforming to 301.3.4.2 . Final shaping of shoulder foreslopes does not require compaction. Effective with the December 2018 Letting 124 2019 Standard Spec ifications 305.3.2.2 Compacting 1 1/4-Inch Base and 3/4-Inch Base
1.If using a pneumatic roller, do not exceed a compacted thickness of 6 inches per layer. For the first layer placed over a loose sandy subgrade, the contractor may, w ith the engineer's approval, increase the compacted layer thickness to 8 inches.
2.If using a vibratory roller, do not exceed a compacted thickne ss of 8 inches per layer.
305.3.2 3 Compacting 3-Inch Base
1.Compact with a vibratory or pneumatic roller. Do not exceed a compacted thickness of 9 inches per layer.
305.3.3 Constructing Aggregate Shoulders
305.3.3 1 General
1.Construct aggregate shoulders to the elevations and typical se ctions the plans show, except for minor modifications needed to conform to other work.
2.Use equipment that does not dam age or mar the pavement surface , curbs, or appurtenances.
3.Place aggregate directly on the shoulder area between the pave ment edge and the outer shoulder limits. Recover uncontaminated material deposited outside the l imits and place within the limits.
4.Do not deposit aggregate on t he pavement during placement, unless the engineer specifically allows. Do not leave aggregate on the pavement overnight. After placing the shoulder aggregate, keep the pavement surface free of lose aggregate.
5.Spread and compact the aggregate in compacted layers of 6 inch es or less. Use standard compaction conforming to 301.3.4.2 .
6.After final compaction, shape t he shoulders to remove longitudinal ridges to ensure proper drainage.
305.3.3 2 Shoulders Adjacent to Concrete Pavement or Base
1.Construct shoulders along concrete pavement or concrete base s o the completed shoulder is at the approximate grade and cr oss-section before o pening the pavement to public traffic.
305.3.3 3 Shoulders Adjacent to A sphaltic Pavement or Surfacin g
1.If the roadway is closed to throug h traffic during constructio n, construct the aggregate shoulders before opening the road.
2.If the roadway remains open to th rough traffic during construc tion and a 2-inch or more drop-off occurs within 3 feet or less from the edge of the traveled way, elimin ate the drop-off within 48 hours after completing that days paving. Unless the special provisions spec ify otherwise, provide aggregate shoulder material compacted to a temporary 3:1 or flatter cross slope from the surface of the pavement edge.
3.Provide and maintain signing and other traffic protection and control devices, as specified in 643, until completing shoulder construction to the required cross-section and flush with the asphaltic pavement or surfacing.
305.3.4 Shaping Shoulders
1.Under the Shaping Shoulders bi d item, blade, shape, and compact the existing shoulder aggregate, before the end of the day's work, to ensure proper drainage whi le salvaging existing pavement and constructing new pavement. Do no t contaminate the shoulder aggr egate with deleterious material. Incorporate material obtained from shaping shoulders in the new shoulder, in widening the roadbed, or as the plans show. 305.3.5 Constructing Detours
1.Under the Aggregate Detours bi d item, provide aggregate on the designated detour at the locations the plans show or the engineer d irects. Use 3/4-inch base unles s the plans or special provisions specify otherwise. 305.4 Measurement
1.The department will measure the Base Aggregate Dense and Aggre gate Detours bid items under this section by the ton or cubic ya rd acceptably completed. The depa rtment will determine weight or volume, adjust for moisture, and convert between weight and vol ume as specified in 301.4 . The department may deduct fo r contaminat ed aggregate o r unrecovered aggregate deposited outside the outer shoulder limits.
2.The department will measure Shapi ng Shoulders by the station a cceptably completed, measured along the centerline for each shoulder separately. Effective with the December 2018 Letting 125 2019 Standard Spec ifications 305.5 Payment
1.The department will pay for measured quantities at the contrac t unit price under the following bid items: ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION UNIT 305.0110 Base Aggregate Dense 3/4-Inch TON 305.0115 Base Aggregate Dense 3/4-Inch CY 305.0120 Base Aggregate D ense 1 1/4-Inch TON 305.0125 Base Aggregate Dense 1 1/4-Inch CY 305.0130 Base Aggregate Dense 3-Inch TON 305.0135 Base Aggregate Dense 3-Inch CY 305.0410 Aggregate Detours TON 305.0415 Aggregate Detours CY 305.0500 Shaping Shoulders STA
2.Payment for the Base Aggregate Dense and the Aggregate Detours bid items is full compensation for preparing the foundation; and for placing, shaping, compacting, and maintaining the base.
3.Payment for Shaping Shoulders is full compensation for blading , shaping, compacting, and maintaining the existing aggregate shoulders.
4.If the contractor substitutes 3-i nch in base course or 1 1/4-i nch in shoulders as allowed under
305.2.2 1 , the department will pay for the substitute material as follow s:
- At the Base Aggrega te Dense 1 1/4-Inch unit price if substitu ting 3-inch in base course. - At the Base Aggrega te Dense 3/4-Inch uni t price if substituti ng 1 1/4-inch in shoulders. Effective with the December 2018 Letting 126 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 310 Open-Graded Base
310.1 Description
1.This section describes constru cting open-graded base course us ing crushed stone, crushed gravel, or both.
310.2 Materials
1.Furnish crushed stone or c rushed gravel conforming to 301.2 , except for gradation. Provide QMP for open-graded base as specified in 730. For gradation conform to the following: SIEVE PERCENT PASSING (by weight) 1-inch 90 - 100 3/8-inch 45 - 65 No. 4 15 - 45 No. 10 0 - 20 No. 40 0 - 10 No. 200 0 - 5.0
2.The contractor may substitute material conforming to the grada tion requirements specified for size No. 1 coarse aggregate in 501.2.5.4.4 if that material conforms to the fracture requirements for ope n- graded crushed gravel specified in 301.2.4.5 .
3.Do not place reclaimed asphalt, reprocessed ma terial, or blended materials below open-graded base unless the contract specifies o r the engineer allows in writing .
310.3 Construction
2.Compact in layers using the equipment specified in 301.3.1 . If using a pneumatic roller, do not exceed a compacted thickness of 6 inc hes per layer. If using a vibrato ry roller, do not exceed a compacted thickness of 8 inc hes per layer.
3.Load and carry forward, or other wise remove, excess material p roduced during trimming operations to prevent contamination of the dense-graded material in the shoul der area.
310.4 Measurement
1.The department will measure Base Aggregate Open-Graded by the ton or cubic yard acceptably completed. The department may deduct for contaminated aggregate or unrecovered aggregate deposited outside the outer shoulder limits. 310.5 Payment
1.The department will pay for measured quantities at the contrac t unit price under the following bid items: ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION UNIT 310.0110 Base Aggregate Open-Graded TON 310.0115 Base Aggregate Open-Graded CY
2.Payment for Base Aggregate O pen-Graded is full compensation fo r preparing the foundation; and for stockpiling, placing, shaping, compacting, and maintaining the base.
Referenced in this section
Get an email when 305 changes
Wisconsin revises spec sections through supplementals and new editions. We check this one every week and email you the day it changes. Free, no account.
Source: Wisconsin Standard Specifications for Highway and Structure Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 132–134 of 601. View official source ↗