Wisconsin WisDOT Standard Specifications (within FDM) — Section 517

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 290 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 517 Paint and Painting

517.1Description

(1)This section describes furnis hing paint materials and applying paint to steel or ti mber structures,

including structural steel, misc ellaneous metal or lumber, or t imber parts of other structures. This work also includes, unless specified otherwise in the contract, prep aring surfaces for painting, applying paint, protecting and drying the paint coatings; protecting traffic and property upon and in the vicinity of the structure; and pr otecting of all portions of the structure against disfigurement by paint or paint materials.

(2)This section also describess hop cleaning; the furnishing and shop application of a complete epoxy

coating system on new structural steel; the field cleaning and repair of surfaces field welded or damaged in shipping, handling and er ecting the structural steel ; and providing a field-applied urethane top coat on exterior girders.

517.2Materials

517.2.1 General Requirements

(1)All coatings or paints shall c onform to the requirements speci fied for the type of coating or paint

named.

(2)Furnish factory mixed paint or field mix according to the manu facturer's directions and as the contract

directs.

(3)Ready-mixed paints shall not settle or cake in the container, but should break up readily with a paddle

to a smooth, uniform paint of good brushing consistency that dr ies without streaking, wrinkling, running, or sagging if painted on smooth, vertical surfaces. Pr ime and undercoats shall dry to a dull gloss, and finish coats to a full gloss. If required, colors and hiding powers shall equal those of samples the department furnished . Any proportions specified in formulae are by weight, unless indicated otherwise in the requirements for specific paint. 517.2.2 Containers

(1)Generally, paint shall arrive packaged in strong, tight, stand ard commercial, 5 US standard-gallon

capacity metal containers, except for the fractional parts of u nits. Package the fractional parts in one US standard-gallon capacity metal containers. If mechanical mea ns for mixing and stirring are provided at the job site or painting facility, then the contrac tor may furnish the paint in 30 gallon or other suitable size metal containers.

(2)Mark each container with the name and address of the manufactu rer, the type of paint contained, and

the date of manufacture. Use tight -fitting covers on the contai ners and arrange them so that the inspector may attach wire-lead seals.

(3)Except as specified above for mixing paint mechanically, mix paint on the job in c ontainers with not

more than 15 gallons capacity. 517.2.3 Inspection, Sampling, and Testing

(1)Paint sampling and inspection normally takes place at the poin t of manufacture; the department may

sample the paint at the fabricating shop or in the field. The engineer will obtain samples of paints purchased directly by the state, either for approval at their p oint of manufacture, or at their destination as indicated, either at the time c ontracts are awarded, or in t he invitation for bids.

(2)If inspecting paints at the poi nt of manufacture, the manufact urer shall furnish, if requested, any

formulae required to determine the ingredients before making th e paints. The manufacturer shall allow the inspector to check the make up and grinding of paint batches and shall allow test sampling of any or all batches. The manufacturer also shall furnish, if requested, any formulae required to determine specification conformance.

(3)Take representative samples of ready-mixed paints after thoroughly mixing the paints. Consider one

container chosen at random from each lot or batch for each coat , or if a batch or lot exceeds 500 gallons, one container for each 500 gallon increment or fractio n thereof, as repres entative. Take a one-pint sample from the represen tative container in the inspec tor’s presence. It is the contractor or manufacturer’s responsibility to ensure paint mixing occurs in a container that allows sampling of the paint it contains. Take field samples only from paint that is o n the job. Take samples in fabricating shops from containers of paint pro posed for the specific bid it em of work.

(4)Perform tests according to applicable standard methods of ASTM or AASHTO.

(5)The engineer may waive sampling a nd testing requirements for q uantities of 5 gallon or less of paint of

any single formulation required for each project, provided the paint purchased is from stock that demonstrated a satisfactory service record.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 291 2019 Standard Spec ifications 517.2.4 Structural Steel Paint-Epoxy System 517.2.4.1 General

(1)The epoxy system consists of a prime or shop coat of organic z inc-rich paint, an intermediate shop

coat of high-build epoxy paint, and a protective shop coat of u rethane paint.

(2)The contractor shall furnish and apply paints conforming to th e requirements of the epoxy system as

specified in the special provisions. 517.2.4.2 Coating System

(1)Furnish an epoxy coating system from the department's APL for new structural steel. Use a white

epoxy and a urethane that matches the color represented by the number the plans show according to Federal Standard 595C. Submit p roduct data sheets to the engineer before applying coatings. Ensure that product data sheets indicate mixing and thinning directions; recommended spray nozzles and pressures; minimum drying times for shop and field applied coats; recommended procedures for painting galvanized bolts, nuts , and washers; and a telephone number for technical service. 517.2.4.3 Zinc Coating

(1)Zinc coat the bearing assemblies specified in 506.2.8 . Coat any other structu ral members and parts

that require zinc coating according to ASTM A123, after blast cleaning.

(2)High-strength bolts, nuts, and washers shall co nform to the ma terial requirements of 506.2.5 and be

hot-dip zinc coated as specified in 506.2.5.1 . 517.2.5 General-Purpose White Exterior Alkyd Wood Primer 517.2.5.1 General

(1)This subsection covers a ready-mixed modified alkyd prime coat used as a primer in a 3-coat system

on highway posts. This is a lead free paint.

(2)The paint shall not skin, liver, c urdle or thicken materially in the container. It shall brush easily at

package consistency and allow lapping without difficulty. It sh all conform to or exceed the performance requirements, not necessarily t he composition, of Commercial It em Description A-A-2336A. 517.2.5.2 Composition and Properties

(1)Furnish material conforming to the following:

PIGMENT Percent by weight ............................................. ............................................................... ........................... 49.0% Titanium d ioxide............................................... ............................................................... ............................ 16.0% Calcium carbonate, silica/silic ates .......................................................................................... .................... 33.0% VEHICLE Percent by weight ............................................. ............................................................... ........................... 51.0% Soya and tallal kyd resin .................................................................................................... ......................... 24.0% Aliphatic hydroca rbon sol vent ................................. ............................................................... ..................... 23.0% Driers and a dditives .......................................... ............................................................... ............................. 4.0% Total .............................................................................................................................. ............................... 100% FINISHED PAINT TECHNICAL DATA Generic type .................................................. ........................................... Alkyd Re sin, flat f inish, exterior primer Color ......................................................... ............................................................... .................................... White Gloss or sheen ................................................ ............................................................... ... Flat 0-15 units at 59 F Dry time ...................................................... ............................................................... ................ Touch: 4 -8 hours At 77 F, 50% RH ............................................... ......................................................................... Recoat: 24 hours Flash point, c losed cup ....................................... ............................................................... .......................... 108 F VOC, Maximum a s packaged ...................................... ............................................................... ......... 2.92 lb/gal Solids by Volu me (perce nt) .................................... ............................................................... ............. 56% +/- 2% Solids by Weig ht (percent) .................................... ............................................................... .............. 74% +/- 2% Coverage ...................................................... ........................................... 108 sq ft/ gal at 4 mils wet, 2.4 mils dry Clean-up So lvent .............................................. ............................................................... .............. Mineral Spirits Type of C ure .................................................. ............................................................... ......................... Oxidation

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 292 2019 Standard Spec ifications 517.2.6 White Paint for Wood - Intermediate and Finish Coat 517.2.6.1 General

(1)This subsection covers a ready-mixed, ready-to-apply white paint for exterior exposure, used for an

intermediate and finish coat in a 3 coat system on marker posts or other wooden structures. This is a lead-free paint. 517.2.6.2 Composition and Properties

(1)Furnish material conforming to the following:

PIGMENT Percent by weight ............................................. ............................................................ 48 .0% min to 51.0% max Titanium d ioxide............................................... ............................................................. 3 8.0% min to 41.0% max Zinc oxide .................................................... ............................................................... .. 16.5% min to 18.5% max Calcium ca rbonate ........................................................................................................ 40. 5% min to 45.5% max VEHICLE Percent by weight ............................................. ............................................................ 49 .0% min to 52.0% max Long oil soya alkyd resin ..................................... ......................................................... 32.0% min to 35.0% max Linseed oil, h eat bodied ...................................... .......................................................... 29.0 % min to 32.0% max Mineral spi rits .............................................................................................................. . 32.0% min to 34.0% max Linseed/tung oil , heat bodied ................................. ........................................................... 1.0 % min to 2.0% max Driers and rhe ology agents ............................................................................................... 2.5 % min to 3.5% max FINISHED PAINT TECHNICAL DATA Viscosity - Krebs units a t 77 F ............................... ............................................................... .. 95 min to 100 max Drying time ................................................... ............................................................... ................... 18 hours max Total solids by weight ................................................................................................... 82. 0% min to 84.0% max Total solids by volume .................................................................................................. 67.0 % min to 71.0% max Weight per gallon ............................................. ............................................ 11.77 lb/g al min to 12.02 lb/gal max Gloss at 59 F ................................................. ............................................................... ................. 80% minimum Clean-up so lvent .............................................. ............................................................... ................ Mineral spirits Type of cure .................................................. ............................................................... .......................... Oxidation 517.2.6.3 Condition in Container

(1)The ready-mixed paint as received shall not liver, skin, lump, or separate, or corrode the container, or

contain hard settled pigment. Pigment shall disperse easily in the liquid portion by hand stirring to form a smooth, homogeneous paint, free fr om lumps, particles, or for eign material. 517.2.7 (Vacant) 517.2.8 Black Paint for Wood - Intermediate and Finish Coat 517.2.8.1 General

(1)This subsection covers a ready-mixed, ready-to-apply black paint for exterior exposure, used for an

intermediate and finish coat in a 3-coat system on marker posts or other wooden structures. This is a lead-free paint. 517.2.8.2 Composition and Properties

(1)Furnish material conforming to the following:

PIGMENT Percent by weight ............................................. ............................................................ 40 .0% min to 42.0% max Lampblack Nephaline Syenite VEHICLE Percent by weight ............................................. ............................................................ 58 .0% min to 60.0% max Long oil alky d resin .......................................... ............................................................. 1 6.0% min to 17.0% max Linseed oil, h eat bodied ...................................... ...................................................... 17.75% m in to 18.25% max Mineral spi rits ............................................... ............................................................ 23 .20% min to 25.60% max Linseed/tung oil , heat bodied ................................. ..................................................... 9.75% min to 10.25% max Driers and rhe ology agents .................................... ....................................................... 1.40% m in to 1.60% max Fungicide- tetrachloroi sophthalonitrile ....................... ............................................................... ........... 0.70% min

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 293 2019 Standard Spec ifications FINISHED PAINT TECHNICAL DATA Viscosity - Krebs units a t 77 F ............................... ............................................................... .. 95 min to 100 max Drying time ................................................... ............................................................... ................... 18 hours max Total solids by weight ................................................................................................... 80. 0% min to 82.0% max Total solids by volume .................................................................................................. 68.0 % min to 70.0% max Weight per gallon ............................................. ............................................ 10.27 lb/g al min to 10.52 lb/gal max Gloss at 59 F ................................................. ............................................................... ................. 80% minimum Clean-up so lvent .............................................. ............................................................... ................ Mineral spirits Type of cure .................................................. ............................................................... .......................... Oxidation 517.2.8.3 Condition in Container

(1)The ready-mixed paint as received shall not liver, skin, lump, or separate, or corrode the container, or

(1)This subsection covers using a brown stain on rustic wood fences and other similar rustic materials. If

the contractor cannot obtain st ain conforming to these specific ations because of the small quantities required, it may use an equal dar k brown semi-transparent oils tain the engineer finds acceptable. This is a lead-free stain. 517.2.9.2 Composition and Properties

(1)Furnish material conforming to the following:

PIGMENT Percent by weight ............................................. ............................................................ 11 .0% min to 13.0% max Black Synthetic Iron Oxide .................................... ........................................................ 59.0% min to 61.0% max Dark Brown Iron Oxide ......................................... ........................................................ 39.0% min to 41.0% max VEHICLE Percent by weight ............................................. ............................................................ 87 .0% min to 89.0% max Linseed oil , raw .............................................. ............................................................... 69.0% min to 71.0% max Mineral spi rits .............................................................................................................. . 25.0% min to 27.5% max Driers and rhe ology agents .................................... ....................................................... 0.09% m in to 0.12% max Fungicide- tetrachloroi sophthalonitrile ....................... ................................................... 0. 50% min to 0.75% max Water repellent: poly-ox o aluminum stearate ................... ................................................ 2.0% m in to 2.5% max FINISHED PAINT TECHNICAL DATA Viscosity - Krebs units a t 77 F ............................... ............................................................... .... 45 min to 50 max Drying time ................................................... ............................................................... ................... 48 hours max Total solids by weight ................................................................................................... 76. 5% min to 79.0% max Total solids by volume .................................................................................................. 70.0 % min to 72.5% max Weight per gallon ............................................. ................................................ 8.18 lb /gal mi n to 8.35 lb/gal max Clean-up so lvent .............................................. ............................................................... ................ Mineral spirits Type of cure .................................................. ............................................................... .......................... Oxidation

517.3Construction

517.3.1 Coating or Painting Metal 517.3.1.1 General

(1)Clean and prepare the surfaces of metal parts before coating o r painting.

(2)The contractor or fabricator shall furnish and erect scaffoldi ng, meeting the engineer’s approval, to

allow steel inspection before and after coating.

(3)Use rubber rollers or other protective devices, meeting the en gineer’s approval, on scaffold fastenings.

The contractor shall not use metal rollers or clamps and other type fastenings that mar or damage freshly coated surfaces.

(4)For all colors, conform to the standard color samples the depa rtment furnished, or as specified.

(5)For structural steel, includi ng weathering steel, and miscella neous metals that w ill be encased in

concrete, apply only zinc-rich primer as specified in 517.3.1.7.2 . The contractor is not required to prime or paint welded stud shea r connectors and anchor bolts.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 294 2019 Standard Spec ifications 517.3.1.2 Weather Conditions 517.3.1.2.1 General

(1)The contractor shall not apply paint if the air is misty or if conditions are otherwise unsatisfactory for

the work. Do not apply paint on damp or frosted surfaces.

(2)If coating or painting material under cover in damp or cold weather, it shall remain under cover until

dry or until weather conditions allow its open exposure. The co ntractor shall not perform coating or painting if the metal is hot enou gh to cause the coating to blister and produce a porous paint film. 517.3.1.2.2 Temperature

(1)Do not expose coated surfaces to temperatures below 35 F until after dry enough for recoating or

applying the top coat.

(2)Do not apply zinc-rich coatings if the temperature of either t he air or the steel is below 40 F.

(3)Do not apply epoxy and urethane coatings if the temperature of either the air or the steel is below 50

F.517.3.1.2.3 Humidity

(1)Do not apply the epoxy coating sy stem if the relative humidity is greater than 90 percent, or unless the

steel temperature is at least 5 F higher than the dew point tem perature. 517.3.1.3 Surface Cleaning 517.3.1.3.1 General

(1)Clean metal surfaces before painting and surfaces in contact b ecause of bolting, removing rust, mill

scale, dirt, oil, or grease and o ther foreign substances. Unless blast cleaning, neutralize weld areas with a proper chemical and rinse with water, before cleaning.

(2)Blast clean non-machined surfaces of a casting before machinin g the casting.

(3)Blast clean structural steel, including steel encased in concr ete.

517.3.1.3.2 Hand and Power Tool Cleaning

(1)If the engineer allows, use metal brushes, scrapers, chisels, hammers, power tools, or other effective

means to remove rust, scale, and dirt. The contractor shall not use tools that excessively scar the metal. Remove oil and grease by solvent cleaning according to SSPC-SP 1. Remove dust or other loose material. 517.3.1.3.3 Blast Cleaning 517.3.1.3.3.1 General

(1)Blast clean metal surfaces to remove mill scale, rust, dirt, a nd other substances until the specified

profile is obtained. Grind or plane flame-cut edges before blas t cleaning to remove flame-hardened material as required to ensure that blast c leaning will produce the specified profile . Ensure that corners and re-entrant angles are adequat ely cleaned. Remove sand, grit, or shot before painting. Obtain the engineer's approval of the cleaning before painting. Apply pain t before rust forms. 517.3.1.3.3.2 Epoxy Coating System

(1)Blast clean structural steel r eceiving this coating to a near- white finish according to SSPC-SP 10.

(2)Solvent clean oil and grease on surfaces receiving this coating according to SSPC-SP 1 and blast

clean to a near-white fini sh according to SSPC-SP 10.

(3)Remove fins, tears, slivers, and burred or sharp edges present on any steel member, or that appears

during blasting, by grinding t hen re-blast the area to a one to 2 mils surface shape.

(4)If using abrasives for blast cleaning, use either clean dry sa nd, steel shot, mineral grit, or

manufactured grit of a gradation that produces a uniform one to 2 mils profile as measured with a department-approved impregnated surface profile tape.

(5)Remove abrasive and paint residue from steel surfaces with a c ommercial grade vacuum cleaner

equipped with a brush-type clea ning tool, or by double blowing. If using the double blowing method, vacuum the top surfaces of str uctural steel, including top and bottom flanges; longitudinal stiffeners, splice plates, and hangers after completing the double blowing operations. Ensure that the steel is dust free when applying primer. Apply the primer within 8 hours after blast cleaning.

(6)Protect all freshly coated surf aces from later blast cleaning operations. Brush any blast damaged

primed surfaces with a non-rusting tool, or if visible rust occ urs, re-blast to a nea r white condition. Clean the brushed or blast cleaned surfaces and re-prime within the manufacturer’s recommended time.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 295 2019 Standard Spec ifications 517.3.1.3.4 Unpainted Weathering Steel

(1)Clean and surface prepare unpainted weathering steel as specif ied for this steel in 506.3.31.3 .

517.3.1.4 Paint Mixing 517.3.1.4.1 General

(1)During use, stir the paint or coatings to keep the solids uniformly suspended. Mix the paint or coatings

according to the manufacturer's directions to a smooth lump free consistency, use a high shear mixer. The contractor shall not use paddl e mixers or shakers. Perform mixing, as much as practicable, in the original container and continue until all the metallic powder or pigment is suspended. Equip air container paint pots with agitators.

(2)Insure thorough dispersion of a ll pigment or solids that settl e to the bottom of the container.

517.3.1.4.2 Zinc-Rich Primers

(1)After mixing, strain the coating through a screen with openings no larger than those for a No. 50 sieve.

After straining, continuously agi tate the mixed primer up to an d during the application. 517.3.1.5 Application 517.3.1.5.1 General

(1)Perform painting in a neat and skillful manner. Apply epoxy sy stem coatings by spraying. Apply the

coating smoothly and uniformlys o no excess paint collects at any point. Provide a finished surface free of streaks, pitting, wrinkli ng, or other irregularities.

(2)Use power spraying equipment that applies the coatings in a fi ne, even spray without adding any

thinner. If applying paint with spray equipment, immediately br ush it smooth, if necessary, to provide uniform coverage and to eliminate wrinkling, blistering, and ai r holes.

(3)In cool weather, the contractor may warm the paint to reduce t he viscosity. Heat the paint by placing

the paint containers in water or on steam radiators.

(4)Thin the paint, if necessary for proper application during coo l weather, according to the manufacturer's

recommendations. 517.3.1.5.2 Epoxy System

(1)Apply coating in a neat and sk illful manner according to SSPC- PA 1, producing a uniform, even

coating.

(2)Transfer or preserv e erection marks, for the field identification of members, and weight marks with a

compatible paint on zinc-rich primer, or mark with soapstone on an epoxy coated surface.

(3)Apply the coating with the spra y nozzles and pressures the coa ting system manufacturer recommends

to attain the specified film thi ckness. Apply coating to faying , contact, surfaces of bolted shop and field splices.

(4)Depending on site conditions, paint may require additional tim e beyond that specified in the product

data sheets to ensure proper dry ing before applying a succeedin g coat. For maximum time between coats, adhere to the manufacture r's recommendations except, let no more than 60 days elapse between coats.

(5)Determine the dry film thickness by using magnetic film thickness gauges calibrated for dry film

thickness measurement according to SSPC-PA 2. The engineer will reject the coating system if minimum dry film thicknesses are less than specified. 517.3.1.6 Paint Removal

(1)The contractor shall remove coating that does not conform to s pecifications or is unsatisfactory; and

thoroughly clean and re coat, or correct the metal at no expense to the department. 517.3.1.7 Shop Painting 517.3.1.7.1 General

(1)If welding structural steel, complete welding before coating t he metal. If welding in the fabricating shop

and later erecting by bolting, coat it after completing shop we lding. Give steel sur faces welded in the field one coat of weldable primer or other department-approved protective coating after shop welding and shop fabrication.

(2)Apply one coat to the surfaces o f iron and steel castings, either milled or finished.

(3)Upon fabrication and acceptance , coat pins and pinholes with a plastic or other department-approved

coating before removing from the shop.

(4)Remove dry spray by vacuuming or sanding, if necessary, before shipment.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 296 2019 Standard Spec ifications (5) Do not load material for shipment until the final shop coating cures and inspection is complete. Mark the components, "RECOMMENDED FO R USE," only after completion and approval of loading. 517.3.1.7.2 Organic Zinc-Rich Primer

(1)After the inspector approves t he entire cleaned surface to be coated, apply a prime coat uniformly to

the entire surface. Either befor e or after applying the prime c oat, brush or spray a stripe coat of primer on all plate edges, bolt heads, nuts, and washers. Apply succeeding coats as the product data sheet shows.

(2)The organic primer color shall c ontrast markedly with the blas ted surface color. The fabricator shall

submit primer color samples to the engineer for approval.

(3)The primer coat shall have a dry film thickness on the bolted friction splices of the main members of

not less than one mil or greater than 2.5 mils. Apply a coating of primer, of not less than than 3 mils dry film thickness, to the top of the top flange where the stud shear connectors will be welded.

(4)On all other areas, including t he outside surfaces of splice p lates, ensure that th e dry film thickness

above the surface profile for the primer coat is 3 mils to 7 mi ls.

(5)Remove bolted shop connections before blasting and coating the members. Blast and prime the parts

separately then reassemble and torque the bolts fully.

(6)If applying the coating at the re quired thickness in one coat produces runs, bubbles, or sags, apply the

coating in 2, wet, even coats, using a 50 percent overlap with minimum dry or ove rspray. If excessive coating thickness produces mud cr acking, remove the coating bac k to soundly bonded coating and recoat the area to the required thickness.

(7)In areas lacking in primer thic kness, clean the areas with power washing equipment to remove dirt;

then brush the areas with a non-rusting tool, vacuum and recoat . 517.3.1.7.3 Epoxy System Intermediate and Protective Coats

(1)Mask the faying surfaces of bolted field splices and the top of the top flanges where welding the stud

shear connectors during coat application. On all other areas in cluding the outside surfaces of splice plates, ensure that the dry film thickness conforms to the foll owing:

1.For the white intermediate coat, 3.5 mils to 8 mils.

2.For the protective coat, su fficient thickness to provide a uniform color and appearance but not less than 2

mil or more than 5 mils. 517.3.1.7.4 Handling Coated Steel

(1)Exercise extreme care in handling the steel in the shop, durin g shipping, during erection, and during

subsequent construction of the br idge. Insulate the steel from the binding chains by engineer- approved softeners. Use padded hooks and slings to hoist steel. Pack diaphragms and similar pieces so that no rubbing occurs during shipment that damages the coating. Store the steel at the job site on pallets or other enginee r-approved supports, free of the ground or water, and stabilize to preclude falling or contact between members. 517.3.1.8 Field Painting 517.3.1.8.1 General

(1)After completing erection, including all bolting, welding, and straightening, remove all adhering rust,

scale, dirt, grease, or other fore ign material as specified for cleaning surfaces in 517.3.1.3 .

(2)Coat surfaces inaccessible after erection with the field coats the plans show. If the retouch coating

applied to the shop coat dries thoroughly and the field cleanin g is satisfactorily complete, then apply the field coats as called for.

(3)If traffic produces visible dust, control the dust, at no expe nse to the department, as necessary on

each side of the site and take nec essary precautions to keep du st and dirt off freshly painted surfaces or those awaiting paint.

(4)Complete adjoining concrete work including form removal before applying the last field coat. If

concrete operations damage the paint, reclean and repaint the s urface.

(5)If the precautions taken to pro tect the work required in 517.3.3 are inadequate, or the atmospheric

conditions cause paint drift to become a problem, the engineer may require that the contractor discontinue spraying until taking adequate precautions or until favorable atmospheric conditions exist. 517.3.1.8.2 Field Repair of Shop-Applied Epoxy Systems

(1)Provide a way to inspect structural steel as specified for ere cting scaffolding in 517.3.1.1 .

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 297 2019 Standard Spec ifications (2) Make field repairs according to the coating supplier's recomme ndations, supplied to the engineer by the steel fabricator. Field repairs include preparing the surface of damaged or welded areas by blast cleaning, and applying the complete 3-coat system of primer, intermediate coat, and protective coat.

(3)Repair and recoat surfaces, t hat cannot be accessed after erection, before erection.

(4)After completing erection, including all connections and any b ent metal straightening, prepare the steel

for repairs. Remove adhering sc ale, dirt, grease, form oil or o ther foreign matter by appropriate means, and blast clean any rusted or uncoated areas to a near-white fi nish according to SSPC-SP 10. Remove abrasive and paint residue from steel surfaces by vacuuming or double blowing, except, if double blowing, vacuum the top surfaces of structural steel, including top and bottom flanges, splice plates and hangers afterward. Bru sh the coating surrounding the blasted area with a non-rusting tool, and recoat with an organic zinc-r ich primer produced by the manufacturer that produced the organic zinc-rich primers used in the shop. These requirements for clea ning, mixing, and applying the coating, shall govern applying coating to repaired areas. Dry film thickness requirements for repair coats are the same as for the shop coats. E nsure proper drying conditions exist between coating applications.

(5)Zinc coat bearings, nuts, and bolts according to the coatings ystem manufacturer’s recommendations.

This procedure includes removing any residuals that might impair application, and applying a wash primer or tie coat before the shop coats.

(6)Any temporary attachments or supports for scaffolding or forms shall not damage the coating system.

Use support pads of sufficient size on the fascia where using b racing. Repair any damage that occurs from these devices by the above procedures. 517.3.1.8.3 Urethane Top Coat for Exterior Girders

(1)Field apply a second coat of u rethane as a fourth coat to the exterior girder fascia and bottom exterior

girder flange surfaces after completing adjoining concrete work , form removal, and repairing field damage as specified in 517.3.1.8.2. Immediately before applying the second coat of urethane, clea n 3-coat surfaces to be top coated using a light water blast and allow them to fully dry. Do not apply paint until the engineer has approved the cleaning.

(2)Apply the urethane top coat conforming to 517.3.1.2 and 517.3.1.5 except the top coat may be applied

more than 60 days after the fi rst coat of urethane. Use enough urethane to provide a uniform color and appearance, but do not provide less than 1.0 mil or more than 3 .0 mils of dry film thickness. 517.3.2 Painting Lumber and Timber 517.3.2.1 General

(1)If painting lumber and timber, unless the contract provides ot herwise, prepare the surface; apply,

protect, and dry the paint coatin gs; also, protect traffic and the property upon and in the vicinity of the structure; and protect all portions of the structure against disfigurement by paint or paint materials.

(2)Clean surfaces being painted to ensure they are free from dust, dirt, or other loose or adhering foreign

material.

(3)Unless the plans, the specifications, or the contract provides otherwise, apply 3 coats of paint to

surfaces requiring paint, consisting of a prime, second and fin ish coat, with paint conforming to 517.2 for paint for wood surfaces. Ensure each coat conforms to the type of paint the plans, the specifications, or the contract d esignates, or as the engineer directs. 517.3.2.2 Weather Conditions

(1)If painting wood surfaces, c onform to the general weather cond itions specified in 517.3.1.2 . Do not

apply paint if the air temperature is below 40 F. 517.3.2.3 Paint Mixing

(1)Mix paint as specified in 517.3.1.4 .

517.3.2.4 Application

(1)Apply paint as specified in 517.3.1.5.1 and in the following:

- If using brushes, apply paint to p roduce a smooth, uniform, e ven coating over the wood or previously applied paint and work it into all corners and crevices. - Do not apply the following coat until the previous coat dries throughout, provided , that at least 3 days elapse before applying any later paint coat. 517.3.3 Protection

(1)The contractor shall remain responsible and shall take precautions, during painti ng operations, for

protecting traffic, parked vehicles, and the property upon and in the vicinity of the structure against damage by paint drift, drops, or spatters; and for protecting a ll portions of the structure against disfigurement by paint or equipment. The contractor shall also maintain responsibilit y for protecting the

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 298 2019 Standard Spec ifications paint coating during the life of the contract as specified for the contractor's respon sibility for work in

107.14

517.3.4 Structure Repainting

(1)The contractor shall clean and re paint existing structures or parts of existing structures as specified in

the special provisions.

517.4Measurement

(1)The department will measure the Pa inting Epoxy System bid items as a single lump sum unit for each

structure accept ably completed.

517.5Payment

(1)The department will pay for measured quantities at the contrac t unit price under the following bid

items: ITEM NUMBER DESCRIPTION UNIT

517.0600 Painting Epoxy System (structure) LS

517.1000 Painting Epoxy SystemS teel Truss (structure) LS

(2)Payment for the Painting Epoxy System bid items is full compen sation for surface preparation; for

furnishing and applying paint materials; for protecting traffic and property; for field repairs; and for applying a urethane top coat to exterior girders.

(3)Unless the plans or special pr ovisions specify otherwise, the department will not pay for priming steel

encased in concrete; for painting weathering steel as required under 506.3.32 ; or for painting steel grid floors, steel railing, steel pi ling and pile shells, steel shee t piling, drains, downspouts, and miscellaneous steel, This work, including surface preparation, furnishing and applying paint materials, and protecting traffic and propert y, is incidental to the bid i tems for the various steel components.

(4)The department will not pay for painting timber structures, ti mber parts of steel structures, and

miscellaneous wooden objects. This work, including surface prep aration, furnishing and applying paint materials, and protecting tra ffic and property, is incidental to the bid items for the various lumber and timber components.

Effective with the December 2018 Letting 299 2019 Standard Spec ifications Section 519 Brick Masonry and Concrete Brick or Block Masonry

519.1Description

(1)This section describes furnishing and laying brick or concrete brick or blocks in c ement mortar beds to

construct manholes, inlets, or other similar drainage structures, or parts thereof.

519.2Materials

519.2.1 Clay or Shale Brick

(1)Conform to ASTM C32 , grade MS.

519.2.2 Concrete Brick a nd Block Masonry Units

(1)Conform to ASTM C139 as revised here in 519.2.

(2)For concrete used in footings , furnish grade A, A-FA, A-S, A-T , A-IS, A-IP, or A-IT concrete

conforming to 501 as modified in 716. Provide QMP for class III ancillary concrete as specified in 716.

(3)For the concrete of these units, use sized, graded, proportioned, aggregates thoroughly mixed in a

batch mixer with the required pr oportions of cement and water, to produce a homogeneous concrete mixture of a quality that the br ick or block units conform to t he following requirements:

1.Have a minimum compressives trength of 5000 psi (average of 3 units) at 28 da ys or at the time

incorporating into the work if less than 28 days.

2.The maximum water absorpti on shall not exceed 6 percent by weight.

3.If steam curing the brick or block units, reduce the temper ature at a rate not to exc eed 40 F per hour until

within 20 F of the outside temper ature. Maintain the units at a temperature above 32 F during the first 6 days after curing.

4.Identify masonry units conforming to these specifications b y stamping a mark on each unit, a pigment color

code, or other engineer-approved markings.

5.Use either rectangular block units, or block units curved i n shape with the inside and outside surfaces

curved to the required radii. For corners use blocks with a ret urn side not less than 1/2 the length of the normal block. Curved blocks sha ll have inside an d outside surfa ces parallel.

6.Each block shall have a lengt h of not more than 18 inches, a height of not more than 8 inches. The block

width or multiple block widths shall at least equal the structure width the plans show.

7.If using blocks in the cones , or tops of manholes, or other structures, they may hav e any shape required to

form the structure as the plans show with inside and outside jo ints not more than 3/8 inch thick. Also, design the block so that only fu ll-length or 1/2-length units a re required to lay any one course. 519.2.3 Mortar 519.2.3.1 Cement

(1)Furnish masonry cement conforming to ASTM C91 , typeS.

(2)Furnish hydrated lime conforming to ASTM C207 .

519.2.3.2 Sand

(3)Use sand conforming to 501.2.5, except as follows:

- Ensure that sand subjected to the mortar strength test has a tensile or compressives trength at 3 days and 7 days of not less than 85 perc ent of that developed by mortar of the same proportions and consistency, made of the same cement a nd standard Ottawa sand. - Use sand uniformly graded fr om coarse to fine conforming to t he following gradation requirements: SIEVE PERCENT PASSING BY WEIGHT No. 8 ......................................................... ............................................................... .................................. 95-100 No. 100 ....................................................... ..................................................................................... 25 maximum No. 200 ....................................................... ..................................................................................... 10 maximum 519.2.3.3 Mortar

(1)Use mortar composed of 3 par ts of sand for mortar, and one par t of either a mixture of 50 percent

portland cement and 50 percent mas onry cement, or a mixture of 75 percent portland cement and 25 percent hydrated lime.

(2)Use a machine to mix the mortar unless the engineer allows oth erwise. Prepare machine-mixed

mortar in an engineer-approved mi xer and mix not less than 1 1/2 minutes. If preparing hand-mixed mortar, mix the sand and cemen t thoroughly in a clean, tight mo rtar box until unifo rm in color, then add clean water in a quantity that fo rms a stiff paste. Do not use mortar mixed longer than 30 minutes or that develops its initial set.

Source: Wisconsin Standard Specifications for Highway and Structure Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 299–307 of 601.

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516 Waterproofing

519 Brick Masonry and Concrete Brick or Block Masonry

517Paint and Painting

517.1Description

517.2Materials

517.3Construction

107.14

517.4Measurement

517.5Payment

517.0600 Painting Epoxy System (structure) LS

517.1000 Painting Epoxy SystemS teel Truss (structure) LS

519.1Description

519.2Materials