Art. 214.01 Grading and Shaping Ditches Other means of locating existing farm underdrains approved by the Engineer will be paid for according to Article 109.04. SECTION 214. GRADING AND SHAPING DITCHES
214.01 Description. This work shall consist of grading and shaping existing
ditches according to the lines, grades, and cross sections shown on the plans. CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
214.02 General. All surplus and unsuitable material shall be disposed of
according to Article 202.03.
214.03 Method of Measurement. This work will be measured for payment in
feet (meters) along the centerline of the ditch. The volume of any surplus or unsuitable material removed will be measured for payment according to Article 202.07.
214.04 Basis of Payment. This work will be paid for at the contract unit price
per foot (meter) for GRADING AND SHAPING DITCHES. Earth excavation for surplus material and removal and disposal of unsuitable material will be paid for according to Article 202.08. LANDSCAPING SECTION 250. SEEDING
250.01 Description. This work shall consist of preparing the seed bed and
placing the seed and other materials required in seeding operations on the shoulders, slopes, and other areas.
250.02 Materials. Materials shall be according to the following.
Item Article/Section
a.Seeds ................................................................................................ 1081.04
b.Agricultural Ground Limestone .......................................................... 1081.07
c.Fertilizer ............................................................................................. 1081.08
250.03 Equipment. Equipment shall be according to the following.
Item Article/Section
a.Disk ................................................................................................ 1101.08(a)
b.Slope Harrow ................................................................................. 1101.08(b)
c.Hydraulic Seeder ........................................................................... 1101.08(c)
d.Cultipacker ..................................................................................... 1101.08(d) Seeding Art. 250.06
e.Broadcast Seeders ........................................................................ 1101.08(e)
f.Tractor Drawn or Tractor Mounted Drop Seeders ........................... 1101.08(f)
g.Rangeland Type Grass Drill and Interseeding Attachment ............. 1101.08(g)
h.Slit Seeder ..................................................................................... 1101.08(h) CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
250.04 Fertilizer and Agricultural Ground Limestone Application. When
specified for bare earth areas, fertilizer nutrients and agricultural ground limestone shall be uniformly spread over the designated areas immediately prior to seed bed preparation. When specified for existing turf areas, fertilizer nutrients and agricultural ground limestone shall be uniformly spread over the designated areas during the spring, late summer, or early fall seasons. The Contractor shall restore any existing turf areas damaged by improper application of fertilizer nutrients or agricultural ground limestone. When fertilizer is specified, 270 lb (300 kg) of fertilizer nutrients per acre (hectare) shall be applied at 1:1:1 ratio as follows. Nitrogen Fertilizer Nutrients 90 lb/acre (100 kg/ha) Phosphorus Fertilizer Nutrients 90 lb/acre (100 kg/ha) Potassium Fertilizer Nutrients 90 lb/acre (100 kg/ha) When agricultural ground limestone is specified, it shall be applied at a rate of 2 tons/acre (4.5 metric tons/ha) multiplied by the source correction factor.
250.05 Seed Bed Preparation. For bare earth seeding, seed bed preparation
shall not be started until all requirements of Section 212 have been completed. The area to be seeded shall be worked to a minimum depth of 3 in. (75 mm) with a disk, tiller, or other equipment approved by the Engineer, reducing all soil particles to a size not larger than 2 in. (50 mm) in the largest dimension. The prepared surface shall be relatively free from weeds, clods, stones, roots, sticks, rivulets, gullies, crusting, and caking. If the area is to be covered by an erosion control blanket or turf reinforcement mat, the seed bed shall comply with the preparation requirements of
Article 251 — 04 for erosion control blanket or Article 251.05 for turf reinforcement mat
prior to application of seed. No seeds shall be sown until the seed bed has been approved by the Engineer. Seed bed preparation will not be required for Class 7 Seeding if the soil is in a loose condition. Light disking shall be done if the soil is hard or caked. For areas in which a stand of winter wheat exists, as a result of temporary erosion control seeding, disking will be required.
250.06 Seeding Methods. No seed shall be sown during high winds or when
the ground is not in a proper condition for seeding, nor shall any seed be sown until the purity test has been completed for the seeds to be used, and shows that the seed meets the noxious weed seed requirements. All equipment shall be approved by the Engineer prior to being used. Prior to starting work, seeders and interseeders shall Art. 250.06 Seeding be calibrated and adjusted to sow seeds at the required seeding rate. Equipment shall be operated in a manner to ensure complete coverage of the entire area to be seeded or interseeded. The Engineer shall be notified 48 hours prior to beginning the seeding operations so that the Engineer may determine by trial runs that a calibration of the seeder will provide uniform distribution at the specified rate per acre (hectare). When seed or fertilizer is applied with a hydraulic seeder, the rate of application shall be not less than 1000 gal (9500 L) of slurry per acre (hectare). This slurry shall contain the proper quantity of seed or fertilizer nutrients specified per acre (hectare). When using a hydraulic seeder, the fertilizer nutrients and seed shall be applied in two separate operations. All legumes (clover and alfalfa) shall be inoculated with the proper bacteria in the amounts and manner recommended by the manufacturer of the inoculant before sowing or being mixed with other seeds for sowing. The inoculant shall be furnished by the Contractor and shall be approved by the Engineer. The seed shall be sown as soon as possible after inoculation. Seed that has been standing more than 24 hours after inoculation shall be reinoculated before sowing. If legumes are applied by a hydraulic seeder, three times the normal amount of inoculant shall be used.
a.Bare Earth Seeding. Bare earth seeding shall be done using the following methods unless otherwise specified or directed by the Engineer.
1.Seeding Classes 1, 2, and 6 shall be sown with a machine that mechanically places the seed in direct contact with the soil, packs, and covers the seed in one continuous operation.
2.Seeding Class 4 shall be sown with a rangeland type grass drill.
3.Seeding Class 3 may be sown with a hydraulic seeder.
4.Seeding Classes 5 and 7 shall be sown with a hydraulic seeder or rangeland type grass drill. Broadcasting or hydraulic seeding will be allowed as approved by the Engineer on steep slopes (over 1:3 (V:H)) or in inaccessible areas where use of the equipment specified is physically impossible. When broadcast seeders are used for Seeding Class 3 or 4, the individual seeds comprising the seeding mixture shall be sown separately. When Seeding Class 7 is used as an erosion control measure to establish temporary cover, hand broadcasting of the seed or other methods approved by the Engineer will be allowed.
b.Interseeding. Interseeding is the seeding of areas of existing turf. Prior to interseeding, all areas of existing turf to be interseeded, except as listed below, shall be mowed one or more times to a height of not more than 3 in. (75 mm). The equipment used shall be capable of completely severing all growth at the cutting height and distributing it evenly over the mowed area. The cut material shall not be windrowed or left in a lumpy or bunched condition. Additional mowing may be required, as directed by the Engineer, on certain areas in order to disperse the mowed material and allow penetration of the seed. The Contractor will not be required to mow within 1 ft (300 mm) of the right-of-way fence, continuously wet ditches and Seeding Art. 250.07 drainage ways, slopes 1:3 (V:H) and greater, or areas which may be designated as not mowable by the Engineer. Debris encountered during the mowing and interseeding operations which hamper the operation or are visible from the roadway shall be removed and disposed of according to Article 250.05. Damage to the right-of-way and turf, such as ruts or wheel tracks more than 2 in. (50 mm) in depth, shall be repaired to the satisfaction of the Engineer prior to the time of interseeding. All seeding classes shall be interseeded using a rangeland type grass drill with an interseeding attachment, except the following.
1.When specified in the plans or directed by the Engineer, a slit seeder shall be used to interseed Class 1 or Class 2 seed.
2.Broadcasting or hydraulic seeding will be allowed as approved by the Engineer on steep slopes (1:3 (V:H) or steeper) or in inaccessible areas where use of the equipment specified is physically impossible. Sufficient water shall be applied to these areas to wash the seed down to the soil. When broadcast seeders are used for Seeding Class 3 or 4, the individual seeds comprising the seeding mixture shall be sown separately.
250.07 Seeding Mixtures. The classes of seeding mixtures and
combinations of mixtures will be designated in the plans. When an area is to be seeded with two or more seeding classes, those mixtures shall be applied separately on the designated area within a seven day period. All seeding shall occur prior to placement of mulch cover. A Class 7 mixture can be applied at any time prior to applying any seeding class or added to them and applied at the same time. Art. 250.07 Seeding TABLE 1 - SEEDING MIXTURES Class - Type Seeds lb/acre (kg/hectare) 1 Lawn Mixture 7/ Ky Bluegrass 100 (110) Perennial Ryegrass 60 (70) Creeping Red Fescue 40 (50) 1A Salt Tolerant Bluegrass 60 (70) Lawn Mixture 7/ Perennial Ryegrass 20 (20) Red Fescue 20 (20) (Audubon, Sea Link, or Epic) Hard Fescue 20 (20) (Rescue 911, Spartan II, or Reliant IV) Fults Salt Grass 1/ or Salty Alkaligrass 60 (70) 1B Low Maintenance Fine Leaf Turf-Type Fescue 3/ 150 (170) Lawn Mixture 7/ Perennial Ryegrass 20 (20) Red Top 10 (10) Creeping Red Fescue 20 (20) 2 Roadside Mixture 7/ Tall Fescue 100 (110) (Inferno, Tarhe el II, Quest, Blade Runner, or Falcon IV) Perennial Ryegrass 50 (55) Creeping Red Fescue 40 (50) Red Top 10 (10) 2A Salt Tolerant Tall Fescue 60 (70) Roadside Mixture 7/ (Inferno, Tarheel II, Quest, Blade Runner, or Falcon IV) Perennial Ryegrass 20 (20) Red Fescue 30 (20) (Audubon, Sea Link, or Epic) Hard Fescue 30 (20) (Rescue 911, Spartan II, or Reliant IV) Fults Salt Grass 1/ or Salty Alkaligrass 60 (70) 3 Northern Illinois Slope Mixture 7/ Elymus Canadensis (Canada Wild Rye) 5/ 5 (5) Perennial Ryegrass 20 (20) Alsike Clover 2/ 5 (5) Desmanthus Illinoensis (Illinois Bundleflower) 2/, 5/ 2 (2) Andropogon Scoparius 12 (12) (Little Bluestem) 5/ Bouteloua Curtipendula 10 (10) (Side-Oats Grama) 5/ Fults Salt Grass 1/ or Salty Alkaligrass 30 (35) Oats, Spring 50 (55) Slender Wheat Grass 5/ 15 (15) Buffalo Grass (Cody or Bowie) 4/, 5/, 9/ 5 (5) 3A Southern Illinois Perennial Ryegrass 20 (20) Slope Mixture 7/ Elymus Canadensis (Canada Wild Rye) 5/ 20 (20) Panicum Virgatum (Switchgrass) 5/ 10 (10) Andropogon Scoparius (Little Blue Stem) 5/ 12 (12) Bouteloua Curtipendula (Side-Oats Grama) 5/ 10 (10) Petalostemum Candidum (White Prairie Clover) 5/ 5 (5) Rudbeckia Hirta (Black-Eyed Susan) 5/ 5 (5) Oats, Spring 50 (55) Seeding Art. 250.07 Class - Type Seeds lb/acre (kg/hectare) 4 Native Grass 6/, 8/ Andropogon Gerardi 4 (4) (Big Blue Stem) 5/ Andropogon Scoparius 5 (5) (Little Blue Stem) 5/ Bouteloua Curtipendula 5 (5) (Side-Oats Grama) 5/ Elymus Canadensis 1 (1) (Canada Wild Rye) 5/ Panicum Virgatum (Switch Grass) 5/ 1 (1) Sorghastrum Nutans (Indian Grass) 5/ 2 (2) Annual Ryegrass 25 (25) Oats, Spring 25 (25) Perennial Ryegrass 15 (15) 4A Low Profile Andropogon Scoparius 5 (5) Native Grass 6/, 8/ (Little Blue Stem) 5/ Bouteloua Curtipendula 5 (5) (Side-Oats Grama) 5/ Elymus Canadensis 1 (1) (Canada Wild Rye) 5/ Sporobolus Heterolepsis 0.5 (0.5) (Prairie Dropseed) 5/ Annual Ryegrass 25 (25) Oats, Spring 25 (25) Perennial Ryegrass 15 (15) 4B Wetland Grass and Annual Ryegrass 25 (25) Sedge Mixture 6, 8/ Oats, Spring 25 (25) Wetland Grasses (species below) 6 (6) Species: % By Weight 5/ Calamagrostis Canadensis (Blue Joint Grass) 12 Carex lacustris (Lake-Bank Sedge) 6 Carex slipata (Awl-Fruited Sedge) 6 Carex stricta (Tussock Sedge) 6 Carex vulpinoidea (Fox Sedge) 6 Eleocharis aciculoris (Needle Spike Rush) 3 Eleocharis obtusa (Blunt Spike Rush) 3 Glyceria striata (Fowl Manna Grass) 14 Juncus effusus (Common Rush) 6 Juncus tenuis (Slender Rush) 6 Juncus torreyi (Torrey's Rush) 6 Leersia oryzoides (Rice Cut Grass) 10 Scirpus acutus (Hard-Stemmed Bulrush) 3 Scirpus atrovirens (Dark Green Rush) 3 Scirpus fluviatilis (River Bulrush) 3 Scirpus validus (Softstem Bulrush) 3 Spartina pectinata (Cord Grass) 4 Art. 250.07 Seeding Class - Type Seeds lb/acre (kg/hectare) 5 Forb with Annuals Mixture (Below) 6/, 8/ 1 (1) Annuals Mixture Forb Mixture (Below) 6/, 8/ 10 (10) Annuals Mixture - Mixture not exceeding 25 % by weight of any one species, of the following: Coreopsis lanceolata (Sand Coreopsis) Chrysanthemum maximum (Shasta Daisy) Gaillardia pulchelle (Blanket Flower) Ratibida columnitera (Long-Headed Coneflower) Rudbeckia hirta (Black-Eyed Susan) Forb Mixture - Mixture not exceeding 5 % by weight PLS of any one species, of the following: Amorpha canescens (Lead Plant) 2/ Anemone cylindrica (Thimble Weed) Asclepias tuberosa (Butterfly-Weed) Aster azureus (Sky Blue Aster) Aster laevis (Smooth Aster) Aster novae-angliae (New England Aster) Baptisia leucantha (White Wild Indigo) 2/ Coreopsis palmata (Prairie Coreopsis) Echinacea pallida (Pale Purple Coneflower) Eryngium yuccifolium (Rattlesnake Master) Helianthus mollis (Downy Sunflower) Heliopsis helianthoides (Ox-Eye) Liatris aspera (Rough Blazing Star) Liatris pyscostachya (Prairie Blazing Star) Monarda fistulosa (Prairie Bergamont) Parthenium integrifolium (WildQuinine) Petalostemum candidum (White Prairie Clover) 2/ Petalostemum purpureum (Purple Prairie Clover) 2/ Physostegia virginiana (False Dragonhead) Potentilla arguta (Prairie Cinquefoil) Ratibida pinnata (Yellow Coneflower) Rudbeckia subtomentosa (Fragrant Coneflower) Silphium laciniatum (Compass Plant) Silphium terebinthinaceum (Prairie Dock) Solidago rigida (Rigid Goldenrod) Tradescantia ohiensis (Spiderwort) Veronicastrum virginicum (Culver's Root) Seeding Art. 250.07 Class - Type Seeds lb/acre (kg/hectare) 5A Large Flower Native Forb Mixture (see below) 5 (5) Forb Mixture 6/, 8/ Species: % By Weight 5/ Aster novae-angliae (New England Aster) 5 Echinacea pallida (Pale Purple Coneflower) 10 Helianthus mollis (Downy Sunflower) 10 Heliopsis helianthoides (Ox-Eye) 10 Liatris pyscostachya (Prairie Blazing Star) 10 Ratibida pinnata (Yellow Coneflower) 5 Rudbeckia hirta (Black-Eyed Susan) 10 Silphium laciniatum (Compass Plant) 10 Silphium terebinthinaceum (Prairie Dock) 20 Solidago rigida (Rigid Goldenrod) 10 5B Wetland Forb Forb Mixture (see below) 6/, 8/ 2 (2) Species: % By Weight 5/ Acorus calamus (Sweet Flag) 3 Angelica atropurpurea (Angelica) 6 Ascelepias incarnata (Swamp Milkweed) 2 Aster puniceus (Purple Stemmed Aster) 10 Bidens cernua (Beggarticks) 7 Eupatorium maculatum (Spotted Joe Pye Weed) 7 Eupatorium perfoliatum (Boneset) 7 Helenium autumnale (Autumn Sneeze Weed) 2 Iris virginica shrevei (Blue Flag Iris) 2 Lobelia cardinalis (Cardinal Flower) 5 Lobelia siphilitica (Great Blue Lobelia) 5 Lythrum alatum (Winged Loosestrife) 2 Physostegia virginiana (False Dragonhead) 5 Polygonium pensylvanicum (Pennsylvania Smartweed) 10 Polygonum lapathifolium (Curlytop Knotweed) 10 Pychanthemum virginianum (Mountain Mint) 5 Rudbeckia laciniata (Cut-leaf Coneflower) 5 Solidago riddellii (Riddell Goldenrod) 2 Sparganium eurycarpum (Giant Burreed) 5 6 Conservation Mixture Andropogon Scoparius (Little Blue Stem) 5/ 5 (5) Elymus Canadensis (Canada Wild Rye) 5/ 2 (2) Buffalo Grass (Cody or Bowie) 4/, 5/, 9/ 5 (5) Vernal Alfalfa 2/ 15 (15) Oats, Spring 48 (55) 6A Salt Tolerant Conservation Andropogon Scoparius (Little Blue Stem) 5/ 5 (5) Mixture Elymus Canadensis (Canada Wild Rye) 5/ 2 (2) Buffalo Grass (Cody or Bowie) 4/, 5/, 9/ 5 (5) Vernal Alfalfa 2/ 15 (15) Oats, Spring 48 (55) Fults Salt Grass 1/ or Salty Alkaligrass 20 (20) 7 Temporary Turf Perennial Ryegrass 50 (55) Cover Mixture Oats, Spring 4/ 64 (70) Art. 250.07 Seeding Notes: 1/ Fults pucinnellia distans. 2/ Legumes - inoculation required. 3/ Specific variety as shown in the plans or approved by the Engineer. 4/ Other seeds may be used if approved by the Engineer. 5/ PLS = Pure Live Seed to be used. 6/ Fertilizer not required. 7/ In Districts 1 through 6, the planting times shall be April 1 to June 15 and August 1 to November 1. In Districts 7 through 9, the planting times shall be March 1 to June 1 and August 1 to November 15. Seeding may be performed outside these dates provided the Contractor guarantees a minimum of 75 percent uniform growth over the entire seeded area(s) after a period of establishment. Inspection dates for the period of establishment will be as follows: Seeding conducted in Districts 1 through 6 between June 16 and July 31 will be inspected after April 15 and seeding conducted between November 2 and March 31 will be inspected after September 15. Seeding conducted in Districts 7 through 9 between June 2 and July 31 will be inspected after April 15 and seeding conducted between November 16 and February 28 will be inspected after September
15.The guarantee shall be submitted to the Engineer in writing prior to performing the work. After the period of establishment, areas not exhibiting 75 percent uniform growth shall be interseeded or reseeded, as determined by the Engineer, at no additional cost to the Department. 8/ Planting times May 15 to June 30 and October 15 to December 1. 9/ Seed shall be primed with KNO 3 to break dormancy and dyed to indicate such. Variation in the Class 4 or 5 seed quantities or varieties will be allowed in the event of a crop failure or other unforeseen conditions. The Contractor shall provide for the approval of the Engineer a written description of the changed Class 4 or 5 Mixture, the reasons for the change, and the name of the seed supplier.
250.08 Selective Mowing Stakes. Selective mowing stakes shall be installed
to delineate areas to be seeded or interseeded with Class 4 or 5 mixtures. Selective mowing stakes shall be steel posts as described in Article 1081.13(a). The selective mowing stakes shall be driven into the ground to a height of 3 1/2 ft (1.1 m) above the ground at locations shown on the plans and as directed by the Engineer.
250.09 Method of Measurement. This work will be measured for payment as
follows.
a.Contract Quantities. The requirement for use of contract quantities shall be according to Article 202.07(a).
b.Measured Quantities. Seeding of the class specified and mowing will be measured in acres (hectares) of surface area seeded or mowed. The exact locations of seeding and mowing will be determined in the field by the Engineer, and the quantities will be adjusted accordingly. Fertilizer will be measured by weight in pounds (kilograms) of actual nutrients. The percent of nutrients equals the guaranteed analysis on the bag. The Seeding Art. 250.10 following formula will be used to determine the pounds (kilograms) of fertilizer nutrients applied. (Total pounds (kilograms) of mixed fertilizer) X (Percentage of each nutrient in the fertilizer applied) = pounds (kilograms) of each fertilizer nutrient Agricultural Ground Limestone will be measured by weight in tons (metric tons) of Agricultural Ground Limestone having an effective neutralizing value of 67.5 (four year base, a source correction factor of 1.0). Applied quantity shall be the plan quantity multiplied by the source correction factor. The pay quantity will be the applied quantity divided by the source correction factor. Payment will not be made for fertilizer nutrients in excess of 103 percent or agricultural ground limestone in excess of 108 percent of the amounts specified by the Engineer. Selective mowing stakes will be measured as each in place.
250.10 Basis of Payment. This work will be paid for at the contract unit price
per acre (hectare) for SEEDING or INTERSEEDING of the Class specified; at the contract unit prices per pound (kilogram) for NITROGEN FERTILIZER NUTRIENT, PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER NUTRIENT and POTASSIUM FERTILIZER NUTRIENT; and at the contract unit price per ton (metric ton) for AGRICULTURAL GROUND LIMESTONE. Mowing will be paid for at the contract unit price per acre (hectare) for MOWING. Only the initial mowing will be paid for. Any subsequent mowing required to obtain a height of not more than 3 in. (75 mm) or to disperse mowed material will be considered as included in the cost of the initial mowing. Selective Mowing Stakes will be paid for at the contract unit price per each for SELECTIVE MOWING STAKES. Art. 251.01 Mulch SECTION 251. MULCH
251.01 Description. This work shall consist of furnishing, transporting, and
placing mulch, erosion control blanket, or turf reinforcement mat over seeded areas.
251.02 Materials. Materials shall be according to the following.
Item Article/Section
a.Compost ........................................................................................ 1081.05(b)
b.Mulch ............................................................................................. 1081.06(a)
c.Chemical Mulch Binder ............................................................. 1081.06(a)(3)
d.Chemical Compost Binder ........................................................ 1081.06(a)(4)
e.Excelsior Blanket ........................................................................... 1081.10(a)
f.Knitted Straw Mat .......................................................................... 1081.10(b)
g.Heavy Duty Erosion Control Blanket .............................................. 1081.10(c)
h.Wire Staples .................................................................................. 1081.10(d)
i.Wood Stakes ................................................................................. 1081.10(e)
j.Coconut Fiber ................................................................................. 1081.10(f)
k.Turf Reinforcement Mat ................................................................. 1081.10(g) CONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
251.03 Mulch. Within 24 hours of seed placement, mulch by one of the
following methods shall be placed on the areas specified. On slopes steeper than 1:3 (V:H), mulch shall be applied the same day as seeded. Mulch shall be applied uniformly at the rate specified.
a.Method 1. This method shall consist of hand or machine application of straw mulch at the rate of 2 tons/acre (4.5 metric tons/ha). The mulch shall be loose enough to permit air to circulate but compact enough to reduce erosion. If baled mulch material is used, care shall be taken that the material is in a loosened condition and contains no lumps or knots of compacted material.
b.Method 2. This method shall consist of placing and stabilizing straw at the rate of 2 tons/acre (4.5 metric tons/ha) over seeded areas. All requirements of Method 1 must be met plus the mulch shall be thoroughly stabilized. The Contractor has the option of any of the following procedures for stabilizing the straw.
1.Procedure 1. This procedure shall consist of anchoring the straw into the soil by means of a mechanical stabilizer with dull blades or disks. These blades or disks shall be without camber, approximately 20 in. (500 mm) in diameter, notches spaced at approximately 8 in. (200 mm) intervals and equipped with scrapers. The stabilizer shall be approximately 1000 lb (450 kg), have a working width not exceeding 72 in. (1.8 m), and shall be equipped with a ballast compartment, so that when directed, the weight (mass) can be increased.
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Source: Illinois Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2022 Edition. Pages 119–129 of 1,217. View official source ↗