SECTION 612 STRUCTURAL PLATE SOIL INTERACTION STRUCTURES
612.01 DESCRIPTION. Furnish and install corrugated metal multi-plate soil interaction
structures where an equivalent inner diameter of greater than 10 feet and less than or equal to 26 feet is required for drainage or other openings. Corrugated metal multi plate soil interaction structures include pipe, pipe arches, and arches.
612.02 Materials.
612.02.01 Pipe. Conform to Section 809 for the following:
1.Corrugated Aluminum Alloy Structural Plate Pipe, Pipe Arches, and Arches.
2.Corrugate Steel Structural Plate Pipe, Pipe Arches, and Arches.
612.02.02 Concrete. Conform to Subsection 601.02 and 601.03.
612.02.03 Asphalt Material for Coating and Paving. Conform to Section 806.
612.02.04 Bedding and Backfill Materials.
A.Fine Aggregate. Conform to Section 804, Sand for Pipe Bedding.
B.Coarse Aggregate. Conform to Section 805, Structural Granular Backfill.
C.Flowable Fill. Conform to Section 601.02 and 601.03.
612.02.05 Joint Materials. Conform to Subsection 701.02.
612.03 Construction.
612.03.01 Composition. Provide structures that consist of prefabricated sections
ready to be assembled and erected at the site. Furnish prefabricated sections consisting of asphalt coated galvanized (zinc coated) corrugated steel or aluminum alloy plates that have been factory shaped and punched. The Department will allow the use of a factory assembled structure when units are available that conf orm to the requirements of the Contract for opening size, material, corrugation dimensions, metal thickness, and coating. Ensure that factory assembled steel units are asphalt coated. The Department will not extend the Contract time to accommodate the use of factor y assembled pipe or pipe arches. Ensure that field and factory assembled steel pipe and pipe arch units are asphalt coated and paved.
612.03.02 Transportation and Handling. Transport and handle according to
Subsection 701.03.04.
612.03.03 Erections Plans. Submit a pdf copy of the erection plans for each unit to
the Engineer. Include with each submitted set of erection plans a natural scale plan, an elevation view of the structure, and the design calculations. In lieu of design calculations, the Department will accept a manufacturer’s certification that the proposed structure conforms to all of the Department’s structural design requirements. The Department will return one set after review with needed corrections noted. Each time the Department requires corrections, submit a new copy of the erection plans. The Department will have 20 calendar days to review each submission. After the Department has approved the erection drawings, submit the final approved drawings in 22 inch by 36 inch Portable Document Format (PDF) that will produce near clear prints and sharp lines on both 11 inch by 17 inch and 22 inch by 36 inch prints (“PDF Prints”). The department reserves the right to require hard copy prints on a case by case basis. 612-1
612.03.04 Shop Drawings. Before fabricating any parts of the structure, submit shop
drawings according to Subsection 607.03.01.
612.03.05 Soundings for Foundation. Take the soundings for foundation design for
pipe, and pipe arches according to Subsection 701.03. Where rock foundations are encountered or known to exist within the limits specified, excavate the foundation to a depth below the proposed outside bottom of the structure of 1/2 inch per foot of fill to a subgrade elevation above the proposed outside top of the structure. Excavate no less than one foot and no more than 0.75 times the height of the structure. Replace with material conforming to Subsection 612.02.04. Rock foundations include ledge rock, gravel, hardpan, or other unyielding material. Camber the pipe or pipe arch whenever directed. Do not lay the pipe in cuts until completing the rough grading. When an unstable foundation is encountered at the grade established, remove the unstable material and replace it with material conforming to Subsection 612.02.04 to a width and depth that will provide a uniform and firm foundation.
612.03.06 Installation. Install steel pipe, pipe arches, and arches according to ASTM
A 807. Install aluminum alloy pipe, pipe arches, and arches according to ASTM B 789. Provide the type and method of bedding according to ASTM A 807 and B 789. Tighten bolts in the erected structure according to the manufacturer's recommendations, with good seam laps, while in proper shape, using nuts and bolts the manufacturer supplies. Compact backfill according to Subsection 206.03.03. Construct in lifts of not exceeding 8 inches in thickness. Exercise care to avoid displacement of the true line of the arch. Backfill with flowable fill when the Engineer directs. Proportion flowable fill according to Subsection 601.03. Conform to the elongation tolerance in Appendix A, Tabulation of Construction Tolerances.
612.03.07 Paving. After erecting steel structures and constructing the embankments,
pave the inverts throughout their length and to a minimum width of 25 percent of the circumference for circular pipes or to a minimum of 38 percent of the circumference for pipe arches. Pave with wire reinforced asphalt paving mixture or similarly reinforced concrete.
A.Asphalt Paving. Place wire mesh of a diameter of 0.1 inch or more, having openings 6 by 6-inch or less, in the invert, and securely fasten it to bolts of the structure with wire or suitable clips. Provide reinforcing mesh in widths that are one foot less than the finished width of the pavement. Provide an asphalt paving mixture that consists of 70 percent mortar sand and 30 percent mineral filler combined with sufficient bituminous material (9 to 12 percent by weight) to provide a workable plastic mixture. Provide an asphalt material that consists of a PG 58-22 asphalt binder. Heat the aggregate and asphalt binder separately to 300 60 F, then combine and thoroughly mix them. Ensure that the invert of the culvert is clean and dry while spreading and compacting the mixture. Spread and shape the mixture by means of a template. Compact the mixture to a minimum depth of one 0.2 inch over the crest of the corrugations. While the compacted paving material is still warm, apply a 0.1 inch coating of heated asphalt cement throughout its width and length by spraying or other suitable means. During the paving operation take precautions against asphyxiation, heat, or the accumulation of inflammable vapors in culverts. The Department recommends using forced ventilation.
B.Concrete Paving. Place wire mesh of a diameter of 0.1 inch or more, having openings 6 by 6-inch or less, in the invert, and securely fasten it to bolts of the structure with wire or suitable clips. Spread and shape Class D Concrete having 3/4 inch maximum size coarse aggregate throughout the required width and length of the invert to provide a uniform thickness of 1.5 0.5 inch over the crest of 612-2 corrugations. Shape and smooth the concrete pavement by means of a template to conform to the approximate contours of the invert. Float finish the concrete. After initial set, cure the concrete for 3 calendar days using a double layer of wet burlap.
612.03.08 End Structures. Construct end structures according to the Contract.
612.04 Measurement.
612.04.01 Structural Plate Pipes, Pipe Arches, and Arches. The Department will
measure the quantity in linear feet along the bottom centerline. The Department will not measure paving, bedding, backfilling, bolts and other hardware, erection plans and shop drawings for payment and will consider th em incidental to this item of work.
612.04.02 Embankment-In-Place. The Department will measure the quantity
according to Subsection 701.04.10.
612.04.03 Roadway Excavation. The Department will measure the quantity
according to Subsection 701.04.11.
612.04.04 Pipe Undercut. The Department will measure the quantity according to
Subsection 701.04.12.
612.04.05 Structure Excavation Unclassified. The Department will measure the
quantity according to Subsection 701.04.13.
612.05 PAYMENT. The Department will make payment for the completed and accepted
quantities under the following: Code Pay Item Pay Unit ---- Aluminum Alloy Structural Plate Pipe, Size Linear Foot ---- Aluminum Alloy Structural Plat e Pipe Arch, Size Linear Foot ---- Aluminum Alloy Structural Plate Arch, Size Linear Foot ---- Steel Structural Plate Pipe, Size Linear Foot ---- Steel Structural Plate Pipe Arch, Size Linear Foot ---- Steel Structural Plate Arch, Size Linear Foot 02230 Embankment-In-Place See Subsection 701.05 02200 Roadway Excavation See Subsection 701.05 02219 Pipe Undercut See Subsection 701.05 02203 Structure Classification, Un classified See Subsection 701.05 The Department will consider payment as full compensation for all work required under this section. 612-3 SECTION 613 RETAINING WALLS
613.01 DESCRIPTION. Construct a standard gravity, cast-in-place reinforced concrete
(CIP), or gabion retaining wall as specified in the Contract.
613.02 MATERIALS. Use the same material throughout all individual walls, and at
both ends of all individual structures. Use only approved systems and materials.
613.02.01 Concrete. Conform to Section 601.02 and 601.03.
613.02.02 Reinforcing Steel. Conform to Section 811 .
613.02.03 Joint Materials. For CIP walls conform to Section 807.
613.02.04 Geotextile Fabric. Conform to Section 843, Geotextile Fabric for
Subsurface Drainage and Separation. Use fabric sheets with a minimum width and lap of 18 inches for vertical joints, one foot for horizon tal joints, and 4 inches for all laps in fabric.
613.02.05 Granular Embankment. Conform to Section 805.
613.02.06 Gabion Baskets. Conform to Section 813.
613.02.07 Gabion Fill Material. Conform to Section 805.
613.02.08 Grout. Conform to Subsection 601.02.
613.03 Construction.
613.03.01 Design. When the plans do not include a complete design for the retaining
wall, provide all design calculations, shop drawings, and construction plans required. Comply with Subsection 107.05, covering the use of patented devices, materials, and processes.
1.Design the wall through a Registered Professional Engineer.
2.Design the wall in conformance with the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, current edition and all published interims, and all other AASHTO or Industry specifications required by the plans.
3.Require a minimum top wall thickness of 10 inches for standard gravity walls and a 9 inches minimum for all other CIP walls.
4.No materials are to be furnished and no fabrication or work done before the Department’s review of the proposed design, drawings, and instructions.
613.03.02 Foundation. Excavate the foundation bed for the retaining wall as required.
Before wall construction, compact the foundation to 95 percent of the maximum density as determined by KM 64-511. Remove and replace all foundation soils found unsuitable. If shown on the plans or directed by the Engineer, place structure granular backfill to the dimensions required under the footings or bottom units. Obtain approval by the Engineer before erection is started.
613.03.03 Standard Gravity Wall. Construct according to Standard Drawing No.
RGX-002. Construct walls, footings, leveli ng pads, copings, and all other cast-in-place appurtenances using Class B concrete according to Subsection 601.03. When the wall will be surcharged, special drawings are required. Ensure the base width is half the vertical height of the wall and the top width is one foot. Place transverse expansion joints 1/2 in ch in width at minimum intervals of 30 feet 613-1
Source: Kentucky Standard Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction, 2019 Edition. Pages 392–394 of 718.