201Clearing and Grubbing

201.01.01 General. This work consists of urban or rural clearing and grubbing and shall include one or both of

the following categories:

201.03.01 General. Areas to be cleared, and all things that are to remain undisturbed will be designat ed.

201.03.02 Areas to be Cleared. Normally, clear and grub the area within construction limits.

201.03.03 Clearing and Grubbing. Clear and/or grub all surface objects and all trees, stumps, roots and other

protruding obstructions, designated for removal. If permitted, sound stumps that are cut off flush with ground level, or not more than 150 mm (6 in.) above the ground when flush with ground level is not possible, may be left outside of the construction limits of cut and embankment areas. In the area to be rounded at the top of backslopes, cut off stumps flush with or below the surface of the final slope line. Fell trees toward the center of the area to be cleared. Where trees cannot be felled without danger to traffic or injury to other trees, structures or property, cut in sections from the top down. Do not burn as a method of disposal. Except in areas to be excavated, backfill stump holes and other holes from which obstructions are removed with suitable material. If within the roadway prism, compact the material according to Subsection 203.03.15. Merchantable timber in the clearing area shall become the property of the Contractor. Remove low hanging and unsound or unsightly branches as directed on trees and shrubs that are to remain in place. Trim branches of trees to give a clear height of 6 m (20 ft) above the roadbed surface. Trim according to good tree surgery practices. Paint cut or scarred surfaces of trees or shrubs selected for retention with an approved asphaltum based paint prepare d especially for tree surgery. Scalping shall include the removal of material such as brush, roots, sod, grass, residue of agricultural crops, sawdust and decayed vegetable matter from the surface of the ground. Scalp areas where excavation or embankment is to be made, except that mowed sod need not be removed where embankment is a minimum of 1.25 m (4 ft). Dispose of cleared and grubbed material according to Subsection 107.14.

201.03.04 Rural Clearing. Rural clearing consists of removing and disposing of all natural and man made

objects that are not compatible with completion of the project unless otherwise provided.

201.03.05 Urban Clearing. Urban clearing consists of removing and disposing of all unsightly organic or

man-made objects within right of way limits of the project. Extend this work to all areas within the environmentally cleared right of way whether or not the plans require work in such areas. 201 CLEARING AND GRUBBING 84 If permitted, certain items such as broken concrete or asphaltic paving material, may remain in place provided they are covered by a minimum of 1 m (3 ft) of embankment. The material to be removed shall include but not be limited to rocks, brush, other vegetation, buildings, appurtenances such as lighting and signing, foundations, conc rete slabs, tanks, fences, and trash. Grade the site to drain and blend with the natural ground. Eradicate all streets, foundations, and other unnecessary man -made objects. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

201.04.01 Measurement. Urban or rural clearing, or clearin g and grubbing will be measured by the lump sum,

force account, or hectare (acre). Removal of trees will be measured by the each including any necessary removal of their stumps. When trees are specified to be removed according to trunk diameter, the diame ter will be measured at a height of 600 mm (24 in.) above ground line. Any growth less than 150 mm (6 in.) in diameter at that point shall be classified as brush and will not be included in the individual measurement of removal of trees. The diameter of tr ees with multiple trunks will be measured by the diameter encompassing all trunks. Removal of stumps will be measured by the each. When removal of individual items does not appear in the proposal, consider such work included in other items of work. BASI S OF PAYMENT

201.05.01 Payment. The accepted quantities, measured as provided above, will be paid for at the contract

price per unit of measurement for the pay items listed below that are shown in the proposal. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. Payment will be made under: Pay Item Pay Unit Urban Clearing ................................ ................................ ................................ ................... Lump Sum, Force Account, or Hectare (Acre) Rural Clearing ................................ ................................ ................................ .................... Lump Sum, Force Account, or Hectare (Acre) Clearing and Grubbing ................................ ................................ ................................ ....... Lump Sum, Force Account, or Hectare (Acre) Remove Trees (size) ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ......... Each Remove Stumps ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............... Each 85 SECTION 202 REMOVAL OF STRUCTURES AND OBSTRUCTIONS DESCRIPTION

202.01.01 General. This work consists of the removal, wholly or in part, and satisfactory disposal of all

buildings, fences, guardrail, structures, pavements, culverts, curbs, sidewalks, pole bases, foundations, and any other obstructions which are not designated or permitted to remain, except for the obstructions to be removed and disposed of under other items in the contract. This work also includes the salvaging of designated materials and backfilling the resulting trenches, holes, and pits. CONSTRUCTION

202.03.01 General. Raze, remove, and dispose of all buildings and foundations, fences, guardrail, structures,

pavements, culverts, curbs, sidewalks, and other obstructions, any portions of which are on the right of way, except utilities and those for which other provisions have been made for removal. Remove all designated salvageable material, without unnecessary damage, in readily transportable sections or pieces and stockpile at specified places within the project limits. Destroy unusable perishable material. Nonperishable material may be disposed of according to Subsection 107.14. Fill basements or cavities left by structure removal to the level of the surrounding ground and, if within the prism of construction, compact according to Subsections 203.03.14, 203.03.15, or 203.03.16.

202.03.02 Removal. Do not remove bridges, culverts, and other drainage structures in use by traffic until

satisfactory arrangements have been made to accommodate traffic. Complete all removal operations which might endanger the new construction before the construction of the new work. Do not use equipment or devices which might damage structures, facilities, or properties which are to be preserved and retained. Remove the substructures of existing structures down to the natural stream bottom and remove those parts outside of the stream down to 0.3 m (1 ft) below natural ground surface. Where such portions of existing structures lie wholly or in part within the limits for a new structure, remove those portions as necessary to accommodate the construction of the proposed structure. Limit the mass of pneumatic hammers to a maximum of 16 kg (35 lb) for removing concrete as part of expansion joint removal. In removing concrete pavement, curb, curb and gutter, sidewalk, and similar structures, where portions of the existing structures are to be left in the surface of the finished work, remove the structure to an existing joint, or cut and chip to a true line with a face perpendicular to the surface of the existing structure. Make sufficient removal to provide for proper grades and connections in the new work. In removing bituminous surface, saw cut or use other approved methods to cut a true line, leaving a clean vertical cut along any adjacent bituminous surface to remain in place. Remove bituminous surface from existing bridge decks by approved methods and equipment which will not damage the existing concrete decks. In removing manholes, catch basins, and inlets, rebuild any live sewer connections to them and properly reconnect and satisfactory maintain a by-pass service. Do not remove manholes , inlets, and pipe until pipe to remain has been cut and plugged or modifications have been made to accommodate flows. Remove painted traffic lines on surfaces to remain after the projects completion by hydroblasting. Perform removals on all other surfaces by approved methods. Exercise care to prevent damage to pavement surfaces, joint material and bridge joints.