85 SECTION 202 DESCRIPTION
202.01.01 General. This work consists of the removal, wholly or in part, and satisfactory disposal of all
buildings, fences, guardrail, structures, pavements, culverts, curbs, sidewalks, pole bases, foundations, and any other obstructions which are not designated or permitted to remain, except for the obstructions to be removed and disposed of under other items in the contract. This work also includes the salvaging of designated materials and backfilling the resulting trenches, holes, and pits. CONSTRUCTION
202.03.01 General. Raze, remove, and dispose of all buildings and foundations, fences, guardrail, structures,
pavements, culverts, curbs, sidewalks, and other obstructions, any portions of which are on the right of way, except utilities and those for which other provisions have been made for removal. Remove all designated salvageable material, without unnecessary damage, in readily transportable sections or pieces and stockpile at specified places within the project limits. Destroy unusable perishable material. Nonperishable material may be disposed of according to Subsection 107.14. Fill basements or cavities left by structure removal to the level of the surrounding ground and, if within the prism of construction, compact according to Subsections 203.03.14, 203.03.15, or 203.03.16.
202.03.02 Removal. Do not remove bridges, culverts, and other drainage structures in use by traffic until
satisfactory arrangements have been made to accommodate traffic. Complete all removal operations which might endanger the new construction before the construction of the new work. Do not use equipment or devices which might damage structures, facilities, or properties which are to be preserved and retained. Remove the substructures of existing structures down to the natural stream bottom and remove those parts outside of the stream down to 0.3 m (1 ft) below natural ground surface. Where such portions of existing structures lie wholly or in part within the limits for a new structure, remove those portions as necessary to accommodate the construction of the proposed structure. Limit the mass of pneumatic hammers to a maximum of 16 kg (35 lb) for removing concrete as part of expansion joint removal. In removing concrete pavement, curb, curb and gutter, sidewalk, and similar structures, where portions of the existing structures are to be left in the surface of the finished work, remove the structure to an existing joint, or cut and chip to a true line with a face perpendicular to the surface of the existing structure. Make sufficient removal to provide for proper grades and connections in the new work. In removing bituminous surface, saw cut or use other approved methods to cut a true line, leaving a clean vertical cut along any adjacent bituminous surface to remain in place. Remove bituminous surface from existing bridge decks by approved methods and equipment which will not damage the existing concrete decks. In removing manholes, catch basins, and inlets, rebuild any live sewer connections to them and properly reconnect and satisfactory maintain a by-pass service. Do not remove manholes , inlets, and pipe until pipe to remain has been cut and plugged or modifications have been made to accommodate flows. Remove painted traffic lines on surfaces to remain after the projects completion by hydroblasting. Perform removals on all other surfaces by approved methods. Exercise care to prevent damage to pavement surfaces, joint material and bridge joints. 202 REMOVAL OF STRUCTURES AND OBSTRUCTIONS 86 Remove temporary pavement striping immediately after traffic has been re -route d and the temporary pavement striping is no longer required. For removal of bridges, submit 5 sets of complete demolition plans, as working drawings, according to Subsection 105.02. Include all methods and equipment outlining the details of removal operat ions. When bridges are to be removed over UPRR right of way, develop a demolition plan in accordance with “GUIDELINES FOR PREPARATION OF A BRIDGE DEMOLITION AND REMOVAL PLAN FOR STRUCTURES OVER RAILROAD” published by the Union Pacific Railroad. Copies may be obtained from the Railroad contact listed in Subsection 107.08. Submit 6 copies of the demolition plan, as working drawings, according to Subsection
105.02 Such plans shall be stamped by an engineer who is registered as a Civil Engineer in the State o f Nevada.
202.03.03 Removal of Bituminous Surface by Cold Milling. Remove bituminous pavement by the cold
milling process, using a machine designed to remove, profile , and texture the remaining surface of the pavement in one operation. The milling machin e shall consist of a rotating powered mandrel drum studded with conical tungsten carbide tipped bits and shall produce a satisfactory reasonable smooth textured surface, and shall be equipped with an effective means for controlling dust and other particula te matter created by the cutting action. Use a machine capable of accurately establishing profile grades, within plus or minus 6 mm (0.25 in.), by referencing from the existing pavement or concrete bridge decks or from an independent grade control and hav ing a positive means for controlling cross slope elevations. When referencing from the existing pavement or concrete surface on bridge decks, use a 3 m (10 ft) minimum averaging ski. The use of the averaging ski may be discontinued, if approved, on concret e bridge decks. The location and depth of removal of bituminous surface by cold milling shall be as indicated on the plans. Increase milling depth at cross streets and curb ramps as directed. Follow with the removal crew within 75 m (250 ft) of the milling machine. Broom the milled surface with a motorized pickup brooming device following immediately behind the removal crew. Make the cuts vertical at longitudinal edges for the full depth of the milling. Clean the entire milled surface of all loose m aterial before applying the tack coat. Areas of stripping or delamination which are exposed or produced during the cold milling operation may need to be removed by an additional 50 mm (2 in.) maximum depth of cold milling as directed. These additional col d milling areas will be measured and paid for as “Remove Bituminous Surface (Miscellaneous Cold Milling).”
202.03.04 Removing Composite Surface. Removal of composite surface consists of the removal of all
materials including bituminous or concrete surface s, aggregate base, and subgrade to the limits necessary to accommodate the new base and surface. After removal of composite surface, compact the bottom of the excavation to not less than 90% according to Subsection 203.03.15.
202.03.05 Extensions. Where existing culverts and bridges are to be extended or otherwise incorporated in the
new work, remove only such part or parts of the existing structure as is necessary to provide a proper connection to the new work. Cut, shape, and trim the connecting edges to the required lines and grades without weakening or damaging the part of the structure to be retained. Do not damage reinforcing bars which are to be left in place so as to project into the new work as dowels or ties.
202.03.06 Closing Culverts. Close e xisting culverts within construction limits, the top of which are 1.5 m (5 ft)
or more below finished roadway grade, unless otherwise noted on the plans. Remove the headwalls of such culverts, or any part of the structure that is within 1 m (3 ft) of the f inished grade line. Completely fill the ends of the culvert with satisfactory soil for a distance of at least 0.6 m (2 ft), plus the height of the opening of the structure.
202.03.07 Cleaning Culverts. Clean and dispose of silt or debris from inside culvert pipes at the locations
noted on the plans. Use approved methods and equipment to accomplish the cleaning of culvert pipes. REMOVAL OF STRUCTURES AND OBSTRUCTIONS 202 87 202.03.08 Salvage. When specified, remove gravel, roadmix, or plantmix surface suitable for reuse to the depth required and carefully salvage and place in compact stockpiles at approved locations. Exercise care to prevent contamination of stockpiled material. Scarify any remaining unsuitable material and incorporate in embankment as set forth in Section 203. When specified, salvage, haul, and use the material produced by the cold milling of bituminous surface as shouldering material. Prepare shoulders and place and compact the cold milled material according to Subsections
307.03.01 and 307.03.02. Cold milled bituminous surface material to be used as shouldering material shall conform
to the following gradation requirements: Sieve Size Percent Passing by Mass 75 mm (3 in.) .............................................................................. 100 50 mm (2 in.) ............................................................................ 95-100 Remove fences and gates designated for reuse in such a manner that so far as practicable all material can be salvaged. Carefully remove wire from the posts and roll in rolls of such size that can be conveniently handled. Remove posts by methods that will keep breakage to a minimum. Remove guardrail, object markers, and guide posts designated for reuse in such a manner that so far as practicable all material can be salvaged. Remove bolts, supports, and other hardware from all rails, plates, and posts. Sort parts and store at the locations specified. Properly stack rails, plates, and posts. Stack or box miscellaneous hardware. When specified for salvage, store structural steel removed from old structures in a neat and presentable manner on blocking and at locations suitable for loading. Store structures or portions thereof, which are specified for re-erection, in separate piles. Remove all nails and bolts from timber or piling from structures designated to be salvaged and store in neat piles at locations suitable for loading. Exercise care in handling, storage, and preservation of materials.
202.03.09 Disposing of Materials. Unless otherwise provided, use excavated material in backfilling
excavations made in removing the structure, in constructing embankment, or otherwise dispose of in a satisfactory manner. Dispose of any concrete or masonry which cannot be placed in embankments, in such a manner as to prevent damage to property or the creation of unsightly conditions. Do not place the material where it will obstruct any drainage course. When concrete or masonry is placed in embankments, place according to Subsection 203.03.13. Any material removed and not designated for salvage shall become the property of the Contractor and shall be removed from the project before completion thereof. See Subsection 107.14. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT
202.04.01 Measurement. Removal of structures and obstructions will be measured by the each, linear meter
(linear foot), square meter (square yard) (square foot), cubic meter (cubic yard) (cubic foot), or lump sum. Removal by the linear meter (linear foot) and square meter (square yard) (square foot) will be measured before removal. Removal of painted traffic line from all types of surfacing will be measured by the linear meter (linear foot) regardless of line width or pattern for the actual linear meters (linear foot) of line removed. Each line removed will be measured separately. Double solid and broken w/solid lines will be considered as one line. Gaps in broken and dotted lines will be included in the linear measurement. Removal of bituminous surface by cold milling will be measured once, regardless of the number of passes necessary to obtain the depth specified on the plans and as approved. Cleaning culvert pipe will be measured by the linear meter (linear foot). No additional compensation will be made for cleaning culverts of different sizes. 202 REMOVAL OF STRUCTURES AND OBSTRUCTIONS 88 BASIS OF PAYMENT
202.05.01 Payment. The accepted quantities, measured as provided above, will be paid at the contract price
per unit of measurement for the pay items listed below that are shown in the proposal. Payment will be full compensation for the work prescribed in this Section. When the proposal does not include any pay item or an appropriate pay item for removal of any structure or obstruction as set forth in this Section, such work shall be performed and payment theref ore will be considered as subsidiary to other items of work. No additional compensation will be allowed. Payment will be made under: Pay Item Pay Unit Remove (*), or Removal of (*) ................................ ................................ ................................ ......................... Linear Meter ( Linear Foot), Kilometer (Mile), Square Meter ( Square Yard) (Square Foot ), Cubic Meter ( Cubic Yard) (Cubic Foot ), Each, Station, or Lump Sum Clean Culvert Pipe ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ........... Linear Meter ( Linear Foot) * Description as specified in the proposal. 89 SECTION 203 EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT DESCRIPTION
203.01.01 General. This work consists of excavating material , constructing embankments , and placing
engineering fabrics . This includes furnishing, hauling, stockpiling, placing, disposing, sloping, shaping, compacting, and finishing earthen and rocky material. Perform work in close conformity with the alignment, grades, and cross sections shown on the plans or as established. MATERIALS
203.02.01 General. Material shall conform to the following Subs ections and Section :
Borrow ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ .... Subsection 704.03.12 Selected Borrow ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ...................... Subsection 704.03.13 Engineering Fabrics ................................ ................................ ................................ ................................ ............................... Section 731
203.02.02 Roadway Excavation. Roadway excavation consists of all excavation involved in grading and
constructing the roadway and a ppurtenances, irrespective of the nature or type of material encountered. Exceptions are excavation designated as structure excavation, drainage excavation, and channel excavation when these items are provided as items of work under the contract. Dividing the project into construction stages shall not be construed as separate material classification.
203.02.03 Drainage Excavation. Drainage excavation includes all excavation in the construction of open
ditches less than 3.6 m (12 ft) in bottom width, except ditches that are part of the roadway prism as shown on the plans. The nature or type of material encountered shall have no bearing on the classification of material.
203.02.04 Channel Excavation. Channel excavation includes all excavation in the construction of open
ditches with a bottom width of 3.6 m (12 ft) or more with the exception of ditches that are part of the roadway prism as shown on the plans. The nature or type of material encountered shall have no bearing on the classification of mate rial.
203.02.05 Borrow. Borrow consists of approved material required for the construction of embankments .
Material obtained from excavation items is considered excavation only and not borrow. Borrow will not be classified according to type or character o f material encountered in the borrow area unless otherwise required in the Special Provisions. Do not use pea gravel as borrow. Pea gravel is typically a byproduct of aggregate crushing and/or screening operations. It is uniformly graded, normally having a nominal size of 9.5 mm (3/8 in.) .
203.02.06 Selected Borrow. Selected borrow consists of approved material required for the construction of
embankments. Do not use pea gravel as selected borrow. Pea gravel is typically a byproduct of aggregate crushing and/or screening operations. It is uniformly graded, normally having a nominal size of 9.5 mm (3/8 in.). CONSTRUCTION
203.03.01 Roadway. Excavate to lines and grades as staked. Avoid removing or loosening any material
outside the required slopes. Replac e and compact any disturbed material to the required cross section. Grade intersecting roads, approaches, and driveways as shown in the plans or as directed. Begin at some definite point or points on the project, and carry forward in an approximately com pleted manner. Grade the roadway to full cross section width before placing base or surfacing of any type, unless otherwise specified. Incorporate only suitable material into embankments. Dispose of unsuitable material.