141SECTION 200—GENERAL
200.01 Description
These specifications cover general sampling and testing requirements and procedures, certifications for aggregate acceptance, and certifications and responsibilities of technicians and batchers for asphalt and hydraulic cement concrete.
200.02 Conformance with Specifications
Materials shall conform to these specifications in accordance with Section 106.06. Whenever a reference to a material is followed by a reference to a specification, the material shall conform to the referenced specification. Material that is required to conform to these specifications shall not be used until it has been approved by the Engineer. Where maximum and minimum limits are given for a characteristic of a material, material whose spec - ified characteristic approximates the mean value shall be furnished. The specified limits shall not be exceeded. When a material is fabricated of or treated with another material or when any combination of materials is assembled to form a product, the failure of any component to comply with the applicable specification shall be sufficient cause for rejection of the whole unless the combination of components will produce a product satisfactory to the Engineer. If the Contractor desires to substitute another material for that specified, he shall submit proof that the sub - stitute material is equal in all respects to the material specified. Proof shall be in the form of specifications for the proposed substitution that may be readily compared with the specifications for the original material.
200.03 General Sampling and Testing Procedures
Materials shall be evaluated for compliance according to the requirements of standard AASHTO, ASTM, or federal test methods or methods devised by the Department as specified in the applicable specifications or as approved by the Engineer. At the discretion of the Engineer, the Contractor may furnish a certifica - tion of conformity from the manufacturer in lieu of testing. The Engineer reserves the right to retest any material that has previously been tested or accepted on certification and reject that material if it is found to be defective. The Department has developed test methods for the evaluation of certain materials or their properties. These test methods are identified by the prefix VTM (Virginia Test Method) followed by a number that will identify the specific VTM to be used. Copies of the Department’ s test methods may be obtained from the Department’ s Materials Division. Sampling of materials shall be performed in accordance with the standard methods of the Department. When required, samples submitted to the Department’ s laboratories shall be accompanied by an MSDS. Failure by the Contractor to submit an MSDS will be cause for rejection of the material.200.03 142When a material is to be tested prior to delivery to the project, the Contractor shall furnish complete iden - tification of the material and its specific intended use in the proposed construction, including references to the plans or specifications calling for the material. Material will be inspected at the original or intermediate source of supply whenever it is economically advantageous to the Department. This inspection does not relieve the Contractor of the responsibility to furnish materials that conform to the specifications. The Department’ s representative will be provided ready access to all parts of any processing plant furnishing material for a project. Access for sampling and inspecting materials or plant equipment shall include secure, sturdy platforms conforming to local, state, and federal safety regulations. The Department may discontinue the use of a plant laboratory for acceptance testing in the event of a me - chanical malfunction of the laboratory equipment and in cases of emergency involving plant inspection personnel. In such event, acceptance testing will be performed at the district or central office laboratory until the malfunction or emergency has been satisfactorily corrected or resolved.
200.04 Acceptance Procedures for Aggregates
Aggregates conforming to the requirements of Section 207 (for Type I) and Section 208 will be accepted under a quality assurance program that uses statistical concepts. Aggregate materials shall conform to such requirements prior to the addition of any admixtures. Acceptance procedures for other aggregates will be according to the requirements of an approved pro - duction control plan conforming to the policies of the Department with regard to sampling and testing. Shipments of aggregates accepted under such a production control plan shall be accompanied by the following certification: Aggregate Certification Aggregate shipped under this certification has been tested and conforms to VDOT’ s requirements. ____________________________________ Signature and Title The certification may be printed or stamped on the delivery ticket or affixed by a gummed label thereto. The certification shall be signed by an authorized representative of the aggregate supplier and given to the Engineer upon delivery of the aggregate. The No. 10 sieve shall be the dividing sieve for soils, select material, aggregate subbase material, and aggregate base material. The No. 8 sieve shall be the dividing sieve for asphalt concrete aggregates. That portion of the total aggregate retained on the sieves is defined as coarse aggregate, and that portion passing the sieves is defined as fine aggregate. Soundness tests will be performed according to the re - quirements of AASHTO T104 without regard to these definitions of fine and coarse aggregate. Fine and coarse aggregates for hydraulic cement concrete are distinguishable by their conformity to the series of grading requirements specified in Section 202 and Section 203, respectively. The term nonpolishing aggregate shall mean aggregate that the Department has determined will result in a surface of acceptable skid resistance when it is used and exposed as part of a roadway or bridge deck wearing surface. The Department reserves the right to evaluate and determine the acceptability of polishing characteristics of aggregate proposed for use in pavement and bridge deck surfaces.200.03 143Crushed glass may be used for construction in drainage, embankment and backfilling applications, except for undercutting and foundation support for bridges, abutments, retaining walls and box culverts. The substitution of crushed glass is limited to applications using material of size 3/8 inch and smaller where allowed for use in the Specifications.
200.05 Handling and Storing Aggregates
Stockpiles of aggregate shall be constructed on areas that are hard, well drained, and denuded of vegeta - tion. The different sizes and kinds of aggregates shall be kept separate during handling and storage and until batched. Care shall be taken to prevent segregation of coarse and fine particles during handling and storing. Aggregates placed directly on the ground shall not be removed from the stockpiles within 1 foot of the ground until final cleanup. The Engineer will only permit the use of clean aggregates removed from within 1 foot of the ground.
200.06 Technician and Batcher Certification
Certification for technicians and batchers will be awarded by the Department upon a candidate’ s satisfac - tory completion of an examination.
a.Central Mix Aggregate Technician: A Central Mix Aggregate Technician designs and makes necessary adjustments in job mixtures at the aggregate plant based on an analysis of the specified material. The technician also samples materials and conducts any tests necessary to put the aggregate plant into operation and produce a mixture in accordance with the applicable Specifications.
b.Asphalt Plant Level I Technician: An Asphalt Plant Level I Technician samples materials to be used in asphalt production.
c.Asphalt Plant Level II Technician: An Asphalt Plant Level II Technician samples material to be used in asphalt production and is capable of conducting any tests necessary to put the asphalt plant into operation.
d.Concrete Plant Technician: A Concrete Plant Technician performs necessary adjustments in the proportioning of material used to produce the specified concrete mixtures.
e.Concrete Batcher: A Concrete Batcher performs the batching operation of materials used to produce the specified concrete mixtures. The batcher implements adjustments only at the direction of a certified Concrete Plant Technician unless the batcher’ s certification authorizes otherwise.
f.Asphalt Field Level I Technician: An Asphalt Field Level I Technician provides quality control of the placement operations of Asphalt Concrete.
g.Asphalt Field Level II Technician: An Asphalt Field Level II Technician inspects asphalt concrete placement to ensure and verify conformance with applicable requirements.
h.Concrete Field Technician: A Concrete Field Technician provides quality control of placement operations for hydraulic cement concrete in accordance with applicable requirements. 200.06 144(i) Asphalt Mix Design Technician: An Asphalt Mix Design Technician is responsible for designing and adjusting asphalt mixes as needed, reviewing and approving all test results, having direct communication with the asphalt plant for making recommended adjustments and is capable of conducting any tests necessary to put the asphalt plant into operation.
j.Aggregate Properties Technician: An Aggregate Properties Technician conducts all aggregate tests on aggregate used in asphalt concrete and verify conformance to applicable requirements.
k.Slurry Surfacing Technician: A Slurry Surfacing Technician inspects the placement of emulsified asphalt slurry seal and latex modified emulsion treatment (Micro-surfacing) and verify conformance with applicable requirements.
l.Surface Treatment Technician: A Surface Treatment Technician inspects the placement of single seal and modified (blotted) seal coats to ensure and verify conformance to applicable requirements. SECTION 201—MINERAL FILLER
201.01 Description
These specifications cover inorganic material such as lime or fly ash, usually of very fine grading, added to soil or asphalt to produce a desired effect.
201.02 Detail Requirements
Mineral filler shall conform to the requirements of AASHTO M17. Tests to verify conformance will be performed in accordance with AASHTO T37. SECTION 202—FINE AGGREGATE
202.01 Description
These specifications cover material for use as fine aggregate in the production of hydraulic cement con - crete, mortar, asphalt concrete, and asphalt surface treatments.
202.02 Materials
Fine aggregate is classified herein in according to its natural occurrence or method of manufacture as natural sand or stone sand. Natural sand shall consist of grains of hard, sound material, predominantly quartz, occurring in natural deposits or in loosely bound deposits, such as sandstone conglomerate. Stone sand shall consist of sound crushed particles of approved Grade A stone, essentially free from flat or elongated pieces, with sharp edges and corners removed. Fine aggregates for use in hydraulic cement concrete that are obtained from more than one source shall not be used alternately or mixed without the Engineer’ s approval.200.06
Source: Virginia Road and Bridge Specifications, 2020 Edition. Pages 169–171 of 1,065.